初中英語一般將來時專項語法講解

初中英語一般將來時專項語法講解初中英語一般將來時專項語法講解初中英語一般將來時專項語法講解資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語一般將來時專項語法講解版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：一般將來時主要構(gòu)成形式一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作，事情或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作或事情。1）will/shall+動詞原形

shall用于第一人稱，常被will所代替。will在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱。willnot=won'tshallnot=shan't例如：WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst我先讀哪一段呢

Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening今晚七點回家好嗎

2）begoingto+不定式，表示將來。a.主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow明天打算作什么呢

b.計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。這出戲下月開播。c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。3）be+不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如：WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我們下星期六討論這份報告。4）beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他馬上要去北京。注意：beabouttodo不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

Notice:beto和begoingtobeto表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，begoingto表示主觀的打算或計劃。例如：Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）5.現(xiàn)在進行時表將來時下列動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來時e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arriveandsoon.sheisleavingforWuhantomorrow.6.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來1）下列動詞come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車明天上午六點開。WhendoesthebusstarItstarsintenminutes.汽車什么時候開十分鐘后。

2）以here,there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行。例如：Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.車來了。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.鈴響了。3）在時間或條件句中。例如：WhenBillcomes（不是willcome）,askhimtowaitforme.比爾來后，讓他等我。I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我到了那里，就寫信給你。4）在動詞hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等的賓語從句中。例如：Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.我希望他們下星期玩得開心。Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom.離開房間前，務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。begoingto和will的區(qū)別begoingto和will的用法雖然都表示將來發(fā)生動作或情況，一般情況下能互換。但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。（1）begoingto主要用于：1、表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算、計劃要做的事情。E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday今天你們打算做什么？DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。I’mgoingtoplaytheviolin.我打算拉小提琴。She’sgoingtoplaythepiano.她打算彈鋼琴。表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生。E.g.Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧！烏云密集，天要下雨。IamafraidIamgoingtohaveacold.恐怕我要患重感冒。(2)will主要用于在以下幾個方面：1、表示單純的未來“將要”通用各個人稱。eg:Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他們將去工廠參觀。I’llcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing.我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來。2、表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的未來的事。eg:TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六。明天是（將）是星期日。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年這個時候他就（將）三十歲。3、問對方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請或命令。eg:Willyoupleaseturnontheradio請打開收音機好嗎？Willyougotothezoowithme你和我一起去動物園好嗎？一般將來是特殊用法：1)be+不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。WearetotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2）beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。3）有些表趨向性的動詞可用想在進行時表將來：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飛往)，reach（到達），stay，leave，start,die...如：I’mgoingtogotothezoothisweenend.=I’mgoingtothezoothisweenend.He’sgoingtoleaveforParis.=He’sleavingforParis.Theoldmanisdying.=Theoldmanwilldie.這個老人要去世。練習(xí)題1.Whattime_____wemeetatthegatetomorrow?

AwillBshallCdoDare2.Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashe_____theworknextweek.AfinishesBdoesn’tfinishCwillfinishDwon’tfinish3.There_____someshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave4.It____mybrother’sbirthdaytomorrow.She_____aparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwillbe;ishavingCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtobe5.LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe_____11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobe（二）、填空1.-“Ineedsomepaper.”-“I____(bring)someforyou.”2.____(be)youfreetomorrow?

3.They_________(notleave)untilyoucomeback.4._____we_____(go)tothepartytogetherthisafternoon?

5.Theywanttoknowwhenthemeeting_____start.6.I_____(go)withyouifIhavetime.7.Hurryup!Orwe______(be)late.8.What____you_______(do)tomorrowafternoon?

9.Jenny_________(do)anexperimentthedayaftertomorrow.10.Ifsheisn’tfreetomorrow,she_______(nottake)partintheparty.三、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時易出錯例：There_________abasketballmatchthisafternoon.(B)AisgoingtobeBisgoingtohaveCaregoingtobeDaregoingtohave四、begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)中易丟掉to例：I’mgoing_______(go)schoolbybiketomorrow.(C)AtowillgoBtogotoCgotoDtogoif條件句【知識要點】定義：常見的if條件狀語從句表示在某條件下，某事很可能發(fā)生，條件是可能存在的，主句中某種情況發(fā)生的概率也是很高的。E.g.Ifyouaskhim，hewillhelpyou．如果你請他幫忙，他會幫你的。E.g.Ifyoufailintheexam，youwilllethimdown．如果你考試不及格，你會讓他失望的。E.g.Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework，youcangohome．如果你作業(yè)做完了就可以回家了。另外，if從句還表示不可實現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件，也就是一種虛擬的條件或假設(shè)。從句多用一般過去時或過去完成時，表示對現(xiàn)在或過去的一種假設(shè)。E.g.IfIwereyou，Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty．如果我是你，我會邀請他參加聚會。E.g.IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic．要不是交通堵塞，我本會來得早一些。另外你還要注意if條件句的時態(tài)搭配1．if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時E.g.Ifherunshe’llgetthereintime.如果他用跑的，他就會及時趕到那兒。E.g.Thecatwillscratchyouifyoupullhertail.如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會抓你。2．if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用may/might/canE.g.Ifthefoggetsthickertheplanemay/mightbediverted.如果霧在大一些，飛機可能就會改在別的機場降落。E.g.Ifitstopssnowingwecangoout.如果雪停了，我們就可以出去。3．if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用must/shouldE.g.Ifyouwanttoloseweightyoumust/shouldeatlessbread.如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。4．if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時E.g.Ifyouheaticeitturnstowater.(也可用willturn)如果把冰加熱，它就會化成水。5．if從句用現(xiàn)在進行時，主句用一般將來時E.g.IfyouarelookingforPeteryou’llfindhimupstairs.如果你是在找彼得，上樓就會找到他。6．if從句用現(xiàn)在完成時，主句用一般將來時E.g.IfyouhavefinisheddinnerI’llaskthewaiterforthebill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服務(wù)生來算賬注意：學(xué)習(xí)"if"引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的用法,現(xiàn)在總結(jié)一下:if條件句不一般,幾個要點記心間;條件句,放在前,逗號要放句中間。條件句表可能，主句多用將來時；條件句表事實，主句常用現(xiàn)在時。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，如果從句談?wù)摰氖且粋€有可能發(fā)生的事實及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)的結(jié)果，主句用一般將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如：E.g.Wecanwalkthereifwecan'tfindabus.E.g.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.E.g.Whatwillyoudoifyoufindapandaindanger.如果if條件句談?wù)摰氖侵貜?fù)發(fā)生和預(yù)示要發(fā)生的情景和事件，則主從句大多用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。E.g.Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeople.在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，if和條件句位置靈活，可直接放在主句后面，若if條件句放句首，從句后面要加逗號，和主句隔開。還要注意前后時態(tài)一致原則【經(jīng)典練習(xí)】一.單項選擇（）1.Ifyou_____totheparty,you’llhaveagreattime.A.willgo

B.went

C.go

D.going（）2.Itwillbealongtime____Peter_____hiswork.A.since,hasfinished

B.after,finishes

C.when,willfinish

D.before,finishes.（）3.Whatwillfather_____usfromJapan

A.take

B.bring

C.carry

D.make（）4.Weifangisfamous______kites.A.for

B.to

C.on

D.with（）5．I____hertheanswerifshe____me.A.cantell,willask

B.willtell,willask

C.wouldtell,ask

D.willtell,asks（）6.–Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?

--We’llgotothelibrarytomorrowifit___.A.isn’train

B.rain

C.won’train

D.doesn’train（）7.—Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?

--Sorry,Idon’tknow.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes

B.willcome

C.come

D.maycome（）8.Whatwillyoudoifyou_____totheoldfolk’shomevisit?

A.go

B.went

C.going

D.willgo（）9.IfIeat____food,I’llbeveryfat.A.toomany

B.manytoo

C.toomuch

D.muchtoo（）10.I’llgivethebooktohimifhe___herenextSunday.A.willcome

B.comes

C.iscoming

D.came（）11.There____anEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.isgoingtohave

B.willhave

C.isgoingtobe

D.has（）12.Couldyoutelluswhere____

A.willthenextOlympicGamesheld

B.thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC.wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD.thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld

二．在正確的答案下劃一條線。1.Daina(willgo/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(willpass/pass/passes)theexams.2.Thegraduates(willteach/teach/teaches)inthepoorvillageiftheMinistryofEducation(willagree/agree/agrees)soon.3.Ifthere(willbe/are/is)acaraccident,they(willcall/call/calls)110forhelpatonce.4.Ifit(won’t/don’t/doesn’t/isn’t)rainy,we(willtake/take/takes)walkoutside.5.IfaUFO(willland/land/lands)infrontofme,I(willgo/go/goes)intolookforthealien.6.Ifhe(willhave/have/has)money,he(willbulid/build/builds)asciencelab.7.Don’twaitformeifI(am/willbe)late.8.They(won’t/don’t)gotothebeachifit(willrain/rain/rains).9.I(willcall/call)youifhe(willstay/stay/stays)athome.10.MrSmith(willlet/let/lets)youknowifhe(willneed/need/needs)help.11.(Will/Do/Does)hevisitthemuseumifhe(won’t/don’t/doesn’t)get

tired?12.Where(will/do/does)theyliveifthey(willmiss/miss/misses)thebus?三、用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Ifyou________(feel)tired,you_______________(have)tohavearest.2.Where_______he_________(see)thefilmifhe________________(have)time?3.Ifthere__________(be)fewertrees,there_______________(be)morepollution.4.He_____________(dress)

morecasuallyifhe________________(notwork)onweekends.5.IfMarcia_____________(live)alone,she___________________(keep)apetparrot.6.Lana________________(buy)anewdressiftheoldone____________(be)outofstyle.7.Thetwins______________(fight)ifthey_______________(argue).8.I____________(have)abakesaleifI_____________(need)moneyforeducation.9.Peter_____________(send)meabeautifulsouvenirifhe________________(tour)Spain.10.IfMrGreen___________(say)Iamhard-working,myparents_________(feel)glad.11.I____________(go)tothebeachifit________________(notrain)thisweek.12.__________they__________(have)amatchiftheP.E.teacher_____________(be)busy?13.He____(write)alettertohisgrandparentsifhe____(get)hisreportcardthisweek.14.Ifshe____________(get)uplate,she_____________(notcatch)theearlybus.15.Peter________(major)inEnglishifhe____(pass)theexamsinPeking

University.【家庭作業(yè)】1.Ifshe______________(notget)homeontime,hermomwillbeworried.2.IfTomworkshard,he_____________(make)alotofmoney.3.IfIstudyhard,mydream___________(實現(xiàn)).4.Ifhe____________(爭論)hisfriend,hewillbeverysad.5.Ifyoufightwithyourbrother,what_____________(發(fā)生)6.Callmeifhe________________(回來).7.Hecanmakegreatprogressifhe____(追隨，聽從)myadvice.()8.IfIfindhisphonenumber,I______you.A.tellB.toldC.willtellD.havetold()9.I__theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.A.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.return()10.Thestudentswillgot