初中英語定語從句

初中英語定語從句初中英語定語從句初中英語定語從句資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語定語從句版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：定語從句1.基本知識精講在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞（分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。定語從句一般放在先行詞之后。如：Thisistheengineerwhowillgiveusatalkonscience.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句一、由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句英語中的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that和as。它們的用法如下：1.who，whom的用法who和whom指人，在從句中分別作主語、賓語。作動詞賓語時常被省掉。在口語中可用who代替whom。Theyoungworkerwhoinventedthistoolisherbrother.Thisistheboy(whom)Ihelped.2.which的用法which指物，在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語是在非正式語體中可以省略。如：Thefactorywhichproducesthesecarsisverylarge.Thisisthebook(which)youwant.3.whose的用法whose指人或物，在從句中作定語，不可省略。Whose有時可用ofwhich替換。如：Doyouliveintheroomwhosewindowopenstothewest?

Thisisthestudentwhosepronunciationisthebestinourclass.4.that的用法that既可指人，也可指物，在從句中作主語或賓語。作賓語時，在非正式語體中常省略。如：Therewereoncesixblindmenthat/wholivedinavillageinIndia.Wheatisaplantthat/whichisgrowninthenorthofChina.Theletter(that)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.[注意]只能用關(guān)系代詞that的場合that既可以指人也可以指物，但在下列場合，要用that，而不用which或who。1.先行詞是不定代詞all，anything，everything，nothing，much，little，few，any等時，只能用that。如：That’sallthatIwanttosay.Everythingthattheparentsdoisforthegoodoftheirchildren.2.先行詞被all，any，no，theonly，thevery（恰好），little，few等詞修飾時。如：ThankyouforgivingmetheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.Heistheonlypersonthatwaspresentatthemeeting.Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.3.指物的先行詞被形容詞的最高級或被序數(shù)詞修飾時。如：Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.Ilikethesecondfootballmatchthatwasheldlastweek.4.先行詞中既有人又有物時。如：Theherohassavedthehorseanditsriderthatfellintotheriver.Hetalkedabouttheschoolandtheteachersthathehadvisited.5.當(dāng)先行詞為theway，thetime，theperiod等時，但that通常被省略。如：Idon’tliketheway(that)youspeaktoher.Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallhelpyou.6.在which或who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句中，為避免重復(fù)用that引導(dǎo)取代which或who。用which不用that的情況1.在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。(錯)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.2.先行詞指物，且介詞后Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.3.先行詞本身是that時Idon’tthatwhichhedid.二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句英語中的關(guān)系副詞有when，where，why等。在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語，一般不可省略。1.when的用法when指時間、修飾表示時間的先行詞，在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于at/in/onwhich。如：HowcanIforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)IjoinedtheYouthLeague?

Ithoughtofthedayswhen(=inwhich)westudiedtogether.Hecameatatimewhenthestudentsneededhim.2.where的用法where指地點，修飾表示地點的先行詞，在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當(dāng)于in/on/atwhich。如：Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)mygrandfatheronceworked.Thatistheplacewhere(=inwhich)welivedtwoyearsago.3.why的用法why指原因，修飾名詞reason，在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于forwhich。如：Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(=forwhich)yougetsoangrywithme.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?

[注意]表示時間、地點的名詞后關(guān)系詞的選用當(dāng)先行詞是表示時間、地點的名詞時，有時用when/where，有時用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句。這時要根據(jù)從句的謂語動詞是及物的還是不及物的而定。如果是及物動詞就用that/which（作從句的主語或賓語）；如果是不及物動詞，就用when/where（作從句的狀語。）試比較：Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.Thisisthehousethat/whichhevisitedlastyear.IthoughtofthehappydayswhenIstayedinBeijing.Ihaveneverforgottenthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.三、練習(xí)練習(xí)一（一）用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞將下列每對句子連成一個復(fù)合句。

1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.(who)

2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.(who)

3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.(where)

4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.(who)

5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.(where)

6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.(which)

7.Themanwasmyuncle.Themanwavedtous.(who)

8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.(which)

9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.(which)

10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.(who)

（二）用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空

1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.

2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.

4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.

5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.

6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.

7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.

8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.

9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?

10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.

練習(xí)二一、單項填空

1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.

A.heB.thatC.whomD.which

2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.

A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where

3.Theforeigner(外國人)_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom

4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which

5.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.

A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which

6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.

A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when

7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich

10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which

11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyonce(曾經(jīng))lived.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.

A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where

13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

15.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

16.Iworkinabusiness________almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.

A.howB.whichC.whereD.that

17.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_______,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.

A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which

18.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone________theycantalkfrequently.

A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom

19.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.

A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where

20.Thefamousscientistgrewup________hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.

A.whenB.wheneverC.whereD.wherever

21.Astorygoes________ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that

22.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.

A.theyB.itC.oneD.which

23.Isthisfactory______youworkedat?

A.theoneB.whichC.that