公開課-閱讀策略與技巧-資料課件

welcomewelcome1公開課-閱讀策略與技巧-資料課件2Doyouenjoythisfilm?Doyouenjoythisfilm?3閱讀思路分析與解題方法

ByChenZhimeiLibaoMiddleSchool閱讀思路ByChenZhimei42019年江蘇省高考考試說明閱讀理解要求:(1)理解語篇主旨大意(2)理解文中的具體信息(3)根據上下文提供的線索推測生詞的詞義(4)根據文中的事實和線索作出簡單的判斷和推理(5)理解文章的基本結構和文脈邏輯關系(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度(7)用恰當的詞語補全文章提綱、概括關鍵內容或作要詞詞語轉換2019年江蘇省高考考試說明閱讀理解要求:(1)理解語篇主旨5

主旨大意觀點意圖

細節(jié)理解分析推理

猜測詞義

20193284320192210422019311141201911962201911851200911671主旨大意觀點意圖細節(jié)理解分析推理6閱讀理解題型2.事實細節(jié)題3.推理判斷題4.猜測詞義題1.主旨大意題閱讀理解題型2.事實細節(jié)題3.推理判斷題4.猜測詞義題1.主7應試技巧與指導應試技巧與指導89一、主旨大意題9一、主旨大意題9段落（或短文）的主旨大意所設立的常見題型：1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?2.Whatistheauthor’smainpoint?3.Themainideaoftheparagraphis_____.4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestexpressesthemainidea?5.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlysuggest?6.Theparagraphcentersonthepointthat__.7.Thetopicsentenceofpassageis__?8.Whichisthebesttitle?段落（或短文）的主旨大意所設立的常見題型：1.Whati1011

Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.Ifwecontinuetodothis,humanlifeonearthwillnotsurvive.

１）．文首開門見山,提出主題,隨之用細節(jié)來解釋,支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表達的主題思想.最常見的演繹法寫作方式.11Todaytheproblemof11

ShuPulonghashelpedatleast1000peoplebitten(咬)bysnakes.“Itwasseeingpeoplewithsnakebites(傷口)thatledmetothiscareer,"hesaid.In1963,afterhisarmyservice,ShuenteredamedicalschoolandlaterbecameadoctorofChinesemedicine.Aspartofhisstudieshehadtoworkinthemountains.Thereheoftenheardofpeoplewhohadtheirarmsandlegscutoffafterasnakebiteinordertosavetheirlives."IwasgreatlyupsetbythestoryofanoldfarmerImet.Itwasaveryhotafternoon.Theoldmanwaspullinggrassinhisfieldswhenhefeltapaininhislefthand.Heatoncerealizedhehadbeenbittenbyapoisonoussnake.Innotimehewrappedaclothtightlyaroundhisarmtostopthepoisonspreadingtohisheart.Rushinghomeheshouted,Bringmetheknife‘Minuteslaterthemanlosthisarmforever.""ThesadstorytouchedmesomuchthatIdecidedtodevotemyselftohelpingpeoplebittenbysnakes"Shusaid.

2).首尾呼應。

為突出主題,作者先提出主題,結尾時再次點出主題,這種首尾呼應的寫作方式也較為多見.通常,前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復,后面的表述往往有進一步的引申或發(fā)展的意味ShuPulonghashelpedat1213

Ahumanbodyappearstoberathersoftanddelicate,comparedwiththatofawildanimal,butitisactuallysurprisinglystrong.Indeed,itsverysoftnessandloosenessisanadvantage;itmakesmangoodatmovingaboutmovementofalllivingthingsofhisownsize,becausehecandosomanydifferentthingswithhislimbs.Man’sgamesshowhowhecancontrolhisownbody.Nootherlandcreaturecanswimasskillfullyasman;morehassuchvariedgrace;veryfewlivesaslongashe;noneissostronginitsnaturalresistancetodisease.Thereforemanhasagreatadvantageinhisbattleagainsttherisksofdamageanddeaththatthreatenhim.3).文尾

在表述細節(jié)后,歸納要點,印象,結論建議或結果,以概括主題.這是英語中最常見的歸納法寫作方式

13Ahumanbodyappearst1314

Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightinadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhandacamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.4).文中

通常前面只提出問題，文中的主題由隨之陳述的細節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導出,而后又作進一步的解釋,支撐或發(fā)展.14Nothingisasusefulasa14

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetail

15165).無主題句

即主題句隱含在全文中,沒有明確的主題句.必須根據文篇中所提供的事實細節(jié)，進行全面考慮，綜合分析，然后找出共同的東西，歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時過于寬泛，要恰如其分。

165).無主題句

即主題句隱含在全文中,沒有明確的主題16detailsPassageideadetailsPassageidea17二、細節(jié)理解題二、細節(jié)理解題18事實細節(jié)類題目常見的設問方式：Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.Allofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueexcept_______.Whichofthefollowingisnottheresultof___?Whichofthefollowingisthemainfeatureof______?Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?事實細節(jié)類題目常見的設問方式：19事實細節(jié)題解題技巧

1.若針對特殊標點符號,舉例子,名人名言出題,只需要閱讀符號，例子,名言前后的內容，然后與選項核對。2.在出現一些關鍵詞，如however、but、moreover、therefore、thus時，要特別注意句子前后意義的轉折，遞進，因果等關系。3.細節(jié)題的答案一般是同義替換項或者同義轉換項4.選項中有絕對語氣詞的一般不是答案。如：must,never,themost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,等。

事實細節(jié)題解題技巧20事實細節(jié)題解題技巧5.注意選項中的副詞，形容詞和介詞短語等與原文是否一致。如：must,may,often,should,usually,might,most,moreorless,likely,all,never，few等存在程度不同，經常被偷換，往往被忽視。6.細節(jié)題干擾項特點：與原文內容相反；與原文內容一半相符，一半不同；敘述過于絕對化；原文沒有提及.事實細節(jié)題解題技巧21Atthefootofthesefairymountains,thevoyagermayhaveseenthelightsmokerisingfromavillage.Itisalittlevillagewithgreatage,havingbeenfoundedbysomeoftheDutchcolonistsandthereweresomeofthehousesoftheoriginalsettlerslivingwithinafewyears,builtofsomeyellowbricksbroughtfromHolland,havinglatticedwindows(格子窗)Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Thereistoomuchthicksmokeinthevillage.B.ThevillageisverylargebutitlooksoldC.TheoriginalsettlersoncebuiltsomehouseofDutchstyleD.ThevillagewasonceveryrichinresourcesAtthefootofthesefairymou22三、推理判斷題三、推理判斷題23推理判斷題常見句型：1.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat________.2.Followingthelastparagraph,theauthorwillperhaps____.3.Thetextisintendedto________.4.Bythispassagetheauthormainlywanttosay_______.5.Itcanbeinferredfromtheexamplethat________.6.Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom_______.7.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthepassage?推理判斷題常見句型：24

It’snoteasybeingateenager（13至19歲青少年）—norisiteasybeingtheparentofateenager.Youcanmakeyourchildfeelangry,hurt,ormisunderstoodbywhatyousaywithoutrealizingityourself.Itisimportanttogiveyourchildthespaceheneedstogrowwhilegentlylettinghimknowthatyouyou’llstillbethereforhimwhenheneedsyou.Expectalotfromyourchild,justnoteverythingelseopentodiscussion.Ifyourchildisunwillingtodiscusssomething,don’tinsisthetellyouwhat’sonhismind.Themoreyouinsist,themorelikelythathe’llclarnup.Instead,lethimattempttosolve（解決）thingsbyhimself.Atthesametime,remindhimthatyou’realwaysthereforhimshouldheseekadviceorhelp.Showrespectforyourteenager’sprivacy（隱私）.Neverreadhimhismailorlisteninonpersonalconversions.Teachyourteenagerthatthefamilyphoneisforthewholefamily.Ifyourchildtalksonthefamily’stelephonefortoolong,tellhimhecantalkfor15minutes,butthenhemuststayoffthephoneforatleastanequalperiodoftime.Thisnotonlyfreesupthelinesothatotherfamilymemberscanmakeandreceivecalls,butteachesyourteenagermoderation（節(jié)制）.Orifyouareopentotheidea,allowyourteenagerhisownphonethathepaysforwithhisownpocketmoneyorapart–timejob68.Themainpurposeofthetextistotellparents_____________.A.howtogetalongwithateenagerB.howtorespectateenagerC.howtounderstandateenagerD.howtohelpateenagergrowuptoonarrowtoonarrow25Whyisn’tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行賄)，anddeath.Frankly，I’msickofallthisbadnews.Thisauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_____.A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform

解析：作者一是向讀者說明這份報紙上只登載壞新聞，如兇殺、行賄受賄和死亡等；二是在字里行間流露出自己的抱怨情緒（對壞新聞厭惡透了），故應選A。Whyisn’tyournewspaperre26推斷題的解題技巧①對作者意圖和目的的推理?？忌梢岳么_定中心思想(主旨)的方法先確定短文的主題和大意，然后分析句子之間的關系，在全面理解原文的基礎上，推測出作者的寫作意圖和目的。②針對作者態(tài)度、語氣、風格、傾向的推理.

作者寫文章時，經常持有某種態(tài)度或傾向。作者的語氣和態(tài)度往往并不直接在文章中寫出來。有時通過全文的敘述，考生可以從文章中領悟作者的觀點；有時可以通過對作者使用的詞匯(多為形容詞和副詞)的分析，來推斷出作者的態(tài)度和感情，例如作者對某一觀點是贊成還是反對，是主觀批評還是客觀陳述。③數字的推斷④細節(jié)的推斷

推斷題的解題技巧27四、猜測詞/句意題四、猜測詞/句意題28詞義理解題常見的題型有:Theauthorusestheword“…”tomean____.Theunderlinedphrase“…”means_____.Accordingtothepassage,theword“…”means_____.Theword“…”inparagraph…refersto____.By“…”,theauthormeans_____.whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?Whatis“…”?詞義理解題常見的題型有:29Definitionandexplanation

利用定義和解釋猜測詞義

Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans____.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever公開課-閱讀策略與技巧-資料課件302)Experience根據普通常識和經驗推測生詞的詞義Mr.BrownisnowworkingatPrincetonUniversityfarawayfromhome.Forthisreasonhehasto

rent

aroomneartheofficewhereheworks.Theunderlinedword“rent”refersto____.A.toworktoliveB.toeattoliveC.toteachtoliveD.topaytouse2)Experience313)RelatedInformation即根據上下文的語境來猜測生詞的詞義。Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest3)RelatedInformation324)GuessingfromComparisonandContrast根據上下文中的比較、對照關系猜測詞義；Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbs

whichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countryD.house4)GuessingfromComparisonan335)Guessingwordfromdescriptionandexemplification通過描述和例證猜詞Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:Readers,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools,orEnglishLearning.A.dictionariesB.story-booksC.magazinesD.newspapers

5)Guessingwordfromdescripti346)GuessingwordfromSynonymandAntonym.通過同義詞和反義詞的關系猜詞。

MostwomeninGhana---theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold---worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved.Theunderlinedword“illiterate”inthepassagemeans____.A.RepeatedB.reiterated.CuneducatedD.sick6)GuessingwordfromSynonym357)GuessingwordfromCauseandResult通過原因與結果關系猜詞SinceIhavefinishedmypapernow,Iamgoingtogivemyselfatreattonight.Iamgoingtowatchamovieoncampus,anactionmoviecalled“FaceOff”.Theunderlinedwords“atreat”heremeans____.A.anactionmovieB.somethingpleasanttoenjoyC.arestD.somethingnicetoeat7)GuessingwordfromCausean368)Wordformation即根據前綴、后綴、復合、派生等構詞知識判斷生詞的詞義(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.前綴over-的意思是“過分的、過量的”故overwork的意思應為“工作過度”。(2)Therewasa

dissatisfiedlookinthemanager'seyes.satisfied的意思是“滿意的”，前綴dis-的意思是“不”，故dissatisfied的意思應該是“不滿意的”。8)Wordformation即根據前綴、后綴、復合379)根據標點符號推測詞義。這類標點符號通常為括號、冒號、破折號、逗號等。

Thelargestplayer–ShanghaiBashiTourismCarCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices–deluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarethebigfavorite.…Thewords“deluxesedans,”“minivans”and“stationwagons”usedinthetextreferto____.A.carsinthemakingB.carrentalfirmsC.carsforrentD.carmakers9)根據標點符號推測詞義。這類標點符號通常為括號、冒號、破折38Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theword“audience”intheparagraphmeans____.A.studentsB.peoplewhowatchaplayC.peoplewhoactonthestageD.peoplewholistentosomething10）熟詞新意Agoodteacherworksinquite3911）詞組推測。盡可能利用生詞所在上下文猜測詞義，利用所熟悉的單詞和詞組和上下文檔中以知的部分進行邏輯上的推理。RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantmoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoshowtheglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreeintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”means____.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingupD.givingout11）詞組推測。盡可能利用生詞所在上下文猜測詞義，利用所熟悉40…“TheDaveyousawonTVwastherealDave,”saysfriendPatWilliams,“Hewasn’tagreatactororagreatspeaker.HewasjustJoeEverybody.”(02年E篇）74.“HewasjustJoeEverybody.”(inthelastparagraph)means_____.A.DavewasfamousB.DavewasordinaryC.DavewasshowyD.Davewasshy12）句子推測…12）句子推測41Findthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartasquicklyaspossible猜你沒商量Findthemeaningoftheunderl42Areyouready?Go!Areyouready?Go!431.Archaeology

isthestudyoftheburiedremainsofancienttimes,suchashouses,pots,toolsandweapons.

A.地理學

B.生態(tài)學C.心理學

D.考古學

1.Archaeologyisthestudy44

2.Thefootballgamewasgettingmoreandmoreexciting,however,theoldladywasstillasdozy

assheusuallywas.

A.昏昏欲睡的

B.亢奮的C.欣喜若狂的D.麻木的2.Thefootballgamewasget45

3.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.

A.心不在焉的B.緊張的C.全神貫注的

D.睡意濃的

3.Shedidnothearwhatyou46

4.Justforfun,theydecidedtotryaverycircuitous

countryroadinsteadofthemoredirecthighway.

A.direct

B.indirect

C.straight4.Justforfun,theydecide47

5.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.

A.成功的

B.徒勞的C.有效的

D.匆促的5.Allhisattemptstounlo486.Janeisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.A．lateB．ontimeC．pleased6.Janeisusuallypromptfo497.Tomsaw

anowl

lastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnear．A.abirdB．ananimalC．thesun7.Tomsawanowllastnight508.Thefreshtroutisverycheap,butIdon’tknowhowtocookit．A．fishB．fruitC．apple8.Thefreshtroutisveryc519.Theboywantstorideabrownpony.A．dogB．catC．horse9.Theboywantstorideabrow5210.ApersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenterA木匠B動物學家C牧人10.Apersonwhoisskilled53注意事項1.主旨大意題必須通盤考慮,取主題,舍枝節(jié)。

符合原文的答案＝正確答案≠最佳答案2.文章中的數字、日期、時間、表限量的詞或短語等都是細節(jié)設題的重點,若只注意明顯的內容,而不注意虛的內容,想當然答題多半會錯.因此，必須學會“虛實結合”3.推測題必須所選有據,避免主觀,必須以作者的思維模式為準繩,以原文提供的事實、細節(jié)邏輯關系為自己思維活動的基準點，切忌把自己的觀點和看法與原文或作者的觀點和看法混為一談.4.猜測題多觀察，注意方法，切勿蠻干注意事項1.主旨大意題必須通盤考慮,取主題,舍枝節(jié)。54牛刀小試1.Thetextismainlyabout______.

A.thepriceofcigarettes

C.theeffectoftobaccotaxincreaseB.therateofteensmokingD.thedifferencesintobaccotaxrate2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisasurprise?

A.Teensmokersarepricesensitive.

B.Somestatesstillkeepthetobaccotaxlow.

C.Tobaccotaxesimprovepublichealth.

D.Tobaccoindustryfiercelyfightsthetaxrise.3.Theunderlinedword"deter"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans

.

A.discourage

B.remove

C.benefit

D.free4.Rogers’attitudetowardsthelow-incomesmokersmightbethatof

.

A..tolerance

B.unconcern

C.doubt

D.sympathy5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thenewtaxwillbebeneficialinthelongrun.

B.Low-incomeAmericansaremorelikelytofallill.

C.Futuregenerationswillbehookedonsmoking.

D.Adultswilldependmoreontheirfamilies.牛刀小試55Exercise(山東高考2009)1.Fewlawsaresoeffectivethat

youcanseeresultsjustdaysaftertheytakeeffect.Butintheninedayssincethefederalcigarettetaxmorethandoubled-----to$1.01perpack----smokershavejammedtelephone”quitlines”acrossthecountryseekingtokickthehabit.

2.Thisisnotasurprisetopublichealthadvocates.They’vestudiedtheeffectofstatetaxincreasesforyears,findingthatsmokers,especiallyteens,arepricesensitive,Norisitashocktotheindustry,whichfiercelyfightseverytaxincrease.

3.Theonlywonderisthatsomanystatesinsistonclosingtheirearstothemessage.Tobaccotaxesimprovepublichealth,theyraisemoneyandmostparticularly,theydeterpeoplefromtakingupthehabitasteens,whichiswhennearlyallsmokersareaddicted.Yettherateoftaxationvarieswidely.Exercise(山東高考2009)1.Fewlaw56exercise4.InManhattan,forinstance,whichhasthehighesttaxinthenation,apackofMarlboroLightKingscost$10.06atonedrugstoreWednesdav.InCharleston,S.C.,wherethe7-cent-n-packtaxisthelowestinthenation,thepricewas$4.78.

5.Theinfluenceisobvious.

6.InNewYork,highschoolsmokinghitanewlowinthelatestsurveys----13.8%,farbelowthenationalaverage.Bycomparison,26%ofhighschoolstudentssmokeinKentucky,Otherlow-taxstateshavesimilarlydepressingteen-smokingrecords.

7.HalRogers,RepresentativefromKentucky,likethosewhoareagainsthightobaccotaxes,arguesthattheburdenofthetaxfallsonlow-incomeAmericans”whochoosetosmoke.”exercise4.InManhattan,for57exercise8.

That’strue,Butthereismorereasoninkeepingfuturegenerationsof

low-incomeworkersfromgettinghookedinthefirstplace,Asfortoday’sadults,ifthenewtaxdrivesthemtoquit,theywillhavemoretospendontheirfamilies,cuttheirriskofcancerandheartdiseaseandfeelbetter.exercise8.That’strue,Butth5841.Theword“l(fā)eftovers”inParagraph1probablymeans__________.A.foodremainingafteramealB.thingsleftundoneC.mealsmadeofvegetablesD.pizzatoppedwithfruit42.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Workingwomenusuallyhavebreakfastinahurry.B.Manypeoplehavewrongideasaboutbreakfast.C.Therearesomeeasywaysofcookingameal.D.Eatingvegetableshelpssaveenergy.43.Accordingtothelastparagraph,itisimportantto____________.A.eatsomethingforbreakfastB.becarefulaboutwhatyoueatC.heatupfoodbeforeeatingitD.eatcalorie-controlledfood44.Thetextiswrittenmainlyforthose_____________.A.whogotoworkearlyB.whowanttoloseweightC.whostayuplateD.whoeatbeforesleep牛刀小試41.Theword“l(fā)eftovers”inPa59Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:pizza（比薩餅）?Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight’sleftoversinthea.m.ifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskipbreakfast（不吃早餐）,andtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon’thavetime.othersthinkthey’re“saving”calories（卡路里）,stillothersjustdon’tlikebreakfastfood.Butthebottomlineisthateatinginthemorningisveryimportantwhenyou’retryingtoloseweight.“Eatingjustaboutanythingfrom300to400calorieswouldbebetterthannothingatall,”saysKatherineBrooking,R,D,whodevelopedthesuper-easyeatingplanforthisyear’s“SELFCHALLENGE”.Andevenpizzacanbehealthyifit’sloadedwithvegetables,andyousticktoonesmallpiece.

Iknowwhatyou’rethinking60BreakfastisonemealInevermiss,andthesamegoesformostweightlosssuccessstories.Researchshowsthateatingbreakfastkeepsyoufromovereatinglaterintheday.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundthatbreakfastskippershaveabiggerchanceofgainingweightthanthosewhoregularlyhaveamorningmeal.Soeatsomethinginthemorning,anything.Iknowplentyoffriendswhoenduphavingnobreakfastaltogether,andhavejustcoffeeororangejuice.Isay,tryheatinguplastnight’sleftovers-itmaysoundcrazy,butifitworksforyou,doit!IfindifItellmyself,“Youcanalwayseatittomorrow,”Iputawaytheleftoversinsteadofeatingmorethatnight.Tryit…youmaysaveyourselfsomepre-bedtimecalories.Andwatchyourbodygainthefat-burningeffects.（2009全國卷二）BreakfastisonemealInever61HomeworkReviewwhatwehavelearnedtodayFinishapassageonyourpaperHomeworkReviewwhatwehavele62Thanks.Thanks.63welcomewelcome64公開課-閱讀策略與技巧-資料課件65Doyouenjoythisfilm?Doyouenjoythisfilm?66閱讀思路分析與解題方法

ByChenZhimeiLibaoMiddleSchool閱讀思路ByChenZhimei672019年江蘇省高考考試說明閱讀理解要求:(1)理解語篇主旨大意(2)理解文中的具體信息(3)根據上下文提供的線索推測生詞的詞義(4)根據文中的事實和線索作出簡單的判斷和推理(5)理解文章的基本結構和文脈邏輯關系(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度(7)用恰當的詞語補全文章提綱、概括關鍵內容或作要詞詞語轉換2019年江蘇省高考考試說明閱讀理解要求:(1)理解語篇主旨68

主旨大意觀點意圖

細節(jié)理解分析推理

猜測詞義

20193284320192210422019311141201911962201911851200911671主旨大意觀點意圖細節(jié)理解分析推理69閱讀理解題型2.事實細節(jié)題3.推理判斷題4.猜測詞義題1.主旨大意題閱讀理解題型2.事實細節(jié)題3.推理判斷題4.猜測詞義題1.主70應試技巧與指導應試技巧與指導7172一、主旨大意題9一、主旨大意題72段落（或短文）的主旨大意所設立的常見題型：1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?2.Whatistheauthor’smainpoint?3.Themainideaoftheparagraphis_____.4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestexpressesthemainidea?5.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlysuggest?6.Theparagraphcentersonthepointthat__.7.Thetopicsentenceofpassageis__?8.Whichisthebesttitle?段落（或短文）的主旨大意所設立的常見題型：1.Whati7374

Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.Ifwecontinuetodothis,humanlifeonearthwillnotsurvive.

１）．文首開門見山,提出主題,隨之用細節(jié)來解釋,支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表達的主題思想.最常見的演繹法寫作方式.11Todaytheproblemof74

ShuPulonghashelpedatleast1000peoplebitten(咬)bysnakes.“Itwasseeingpeoplewithsnakebites(傷口)thatledmetothiscareer,"hesaid.In1963,afterhisarmyservice,ShuenteredamedicalschoolandlaterbecameadoctorofChinesemedicine.Aspartofhisstudieshehadtoworkinthemountains.Thereheoftenheardofpeoplewhohadtheirarmsandlegscutoffafterasnakebiteinordertosavetheirlives."IwasgreatlyupsetbythestoryofanoldfarmerImet.Itwasaveryhotafternoon.Theoldmanwaspullinggrassinhisfieldswhenhefeltapaininhislefthand.Heatoncerealizedhehadbeenbittenbyapoisonoussnake.Innotimehewrappedaclothtightlyaroundhisarmtostopthepoisonspreadingtohisheart.Rushinghomeheshouted,Bringmetheknife‘Minuteslaterthemanlosthisarmforever.""ThesadstorytouchedmesomuchthatIdecidedtodevotemyselftohelpingpeoplebittenbysnakes"Shusaid.

2).首尾呼應。

為突出主題,作者先提出主題,結尾時再次點出主題,這種首尾呼應的寫作方式也較為多見.通常,前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復,后面的表述往往有進一步的引申或發(fā)展的意味ShuPulonghashelpedat7576

Ahumanbodyappearstoberathersoftanddelicate,comparedwiththatofawildanimal,butitisactuallysurprisinglystrong.Indeed,itsverysoftnessandloosenessisanadvantage;itmakesmangoodatmovingaboutmovementofalllivingthingsofhisownsize,becausehecandosomanydifferentthingswithhislimbs.Man’sgamesshowhowhecancontrolhisownbody.Nootherlandcreaturecanswimasskillfullyasman;morehassuchvariedgrace;veryfewlivesaslongashe;noneissostronginitsnaturalresistancetodisease.Thereforemanhasagreatadvantageinhisbattleagainsttherisksofdamageanddeaththatthreatenhim.3).文尾

在表述細節(jié)后,歸納要點,印象,結論建議或結果,以概括主題.這是英語中最常見的歸納法寫作方式

13Ahumanbodyappearst7677

Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightinadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhandacamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.4).文中

通常前面只提出問題，文中的主題由隨之陳述的細節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導出,而后又作進一步的解釋,支撐或發(fā)展.14Nothingisasusefulasa77

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetail

78795).無主題句

即主題句隱含在全文中,沒有明確的主題句.必須根據文篇中所提供的事實細節(jié)，進行全面考慮，綜合分析，然后找出共同的東西，歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時過于寬泛，要恰如其分。

165).無主題句

即主題句隱含在全文中,沒有明確的主題79detailsPassageideadetailsPassageidea80二、細節(jié)理解題二、細節(jié)理解題81事實細節(jié)類題目常見的設問方式：Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.Allofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueexcept_______.Whichofthefollowingisnottheresultof___?Whichofthefollowingisthemainfeatureof______?Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?事實細節(jié)類題目常見的設問方式：82事實細節(jié)題解題技巧

1.若針對特殊標點符號,舉例子,名人名言出題,只需要閱讀符號，例子,名言前后的內容，然后與選項核對。2.在出現一些關鍵詞，如however、but、moreover、therefore、thus時，要特別注意句子前后意義的轉折，遞進，因果等關系。3.細節(jié)題的答案一般是同義替換項或者同義轉換項4.選項中有絕對語氣詞的一般不是答案。如：must,never,themost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,等。

事實細節(jié)題解題技巧83事實細節(jié)題解題技巧5.注意選項中的副詞，形容詞和介詞短語等與原文是否一致。如：must,may,often,should,usually,might,most,moreorless,likely,all,never，few等存在程度不同，經常被偷換，往往被忽視。6.細節(jié)題干擾項特點：與原文內容相反；與原文內容一半相符，一半不同；敘述過于絕對化；原文沒有提及.事實細節(jié)題解題技巧84Atthefootofthesefairymountains,thevoyager