福建省福州市六校聯(lián)考2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（含答案解析）

第23頁/共23頁2021-2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一年段期末六校聯(lián)考英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whowenttothecinemayesterdayafternoon?A.Tom.B.Peter.C.Jerry.2.Whatisthewomanhappywith?A.Ajoboffer.B.Anewhouse.C.AnIBMcomputer.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whatfoodtobuyforthisweek.B.Whoseturntodotheshopping.C.Wheretobuysomebread.4.Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheman?A.Heisalwayslateforclass.B.Heworkshardeveryminute.C.Heshouldpreparefortheexamearly.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inataxi.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whatwastheman’smotherunhappywith?A.Theoldpictures.B.Thee-invitations.C.TheticketstoTexas.7.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Booktheplanetickets.B.Checkthebooking.C.Savesomemoney.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.WhatisTomdoingnow?A.Doinghishomework.B.Preparingforanexam.C.Readinganewspaper.9.Whowenttoaparty?A.Ella.B.Tom.C.Jimmy.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hehadhisphonefixed.B.Heworkedinacompany.C.Hewentoutfordinner.11.Whydidthewomancalltheman?A.Toplaycomputergameswithhim.B.Totellhimthehomework.C.Toaskhimforhelp.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.ContactJane.B.AskHenryforadvice.C.Calltheman’sassistant.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Whereisthenewbranchoffice?A.InSpain.B.InFrance.C.InGermany.14.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Smith?A.Hedoesn’thavekids.B.Heisgoodatlanguages.C.Hehasmuchexperience.15.WhendidJeffcometothecompany?A.Fiveyearsago.B.Threeyearsago.C.Oneyearago.16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodothisafternoon?A.GiveJeffacall.B.HaveachatwithBetty.C.JointhetalkwithJeff.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Alibrary.B.Anonlineservice.C.Aneworganization.18.Whatcan’tpeopledoonthewebsite?A.Buybooks.B.Readbooksforfree.C.Puttheirbooksonit.19.Howcanmembersgetinformationaboutthebooks?A.Bysendingane-mail.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bycheckinganonlinelist.20.Whatcolorstandsforbooksputinthelast3days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFirstlaunchedin2010byChina’se-commercegiantJingdong,the618shoppingeventhasdevelopedintoamajormid-yearshoppingeventthathasdrivenonlineconsumerspendingoverthedecade.However,consumersarebecomingmorecautiousduringapandemic-hiteconomicdownturnandgrowingtiredofmorefrequentshoppingeventsstimulationoverthepastdecade.TheeventwasoriginallycreatedasacompetitionfortheAlibaba-backedSingles’DayshoppingeventonNovember11.AndsimilartoSingles’Day,the618shoppingfestivalhasgrownoutofitsfoundingplatformandbecomeapromotionaleventacrossallmajorChinesee-commerceplatforms.Theeventisalsoconsideredabarometer(指標)forconsumerspendingcapacityandnewshoppingtrendsinChina.Forthosewhoaretakingacloselookatthecountry’ssecond-largestshoppingcarnival,thisyear’seditionof618mightseemlike2020’salloveragain,yetifanythingthesituationisevenmoreserious.Inbothyears,Chinawasjustcomingoutoflockdownswhichhadtakenatollonthecountry’seconomyandledtonegativeconsumerconsumptionconcept.Butthetimingisdifferent.In2020,Covid-19brokeoutinJanuaryandmostpandemic-relatedlockdownswereremovedinearlyApril.Bythetime618arrivedinJune,thestatehadalreadysteppedintoboostconsumptionbylaunchingaseriesofdigitalsubsidyprogramsoverAprilandMay.Ontopofthat,thetwo-monthgapallowedmoretimeformanufacturingandlogistics(物流)companiestorecoverfromthelockdownsaheadoftheshoppingfestival.Thisyear,however,there’slesstimeforthemarket—eitherconsumerconsumptionconcept,merchants(商人),orlogisticscompanies—toreactsincethemonths-longlockdownstocontrolnewCovid-19outbreaksincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaionlyendedonJune1,justasmanyretailerswerepreparingforthe618shoppingfestivalwithpre-promotionandearlydeals.Moreover,recenttrendsmakeitobviousthatChineseconsumerswillbeevenmorecautiousin2022thantheywerenearthestartofthepandemic.1.WhatwasthereasonforJDtoestablishthe618shoppingevents?A.Toattractcustomerstoshopinmalls.B.TocelebrateJingdong’sestablishment.C.TocompetewithAlibabaforcustomers.D.Tocreateopportunitiesforsingleperson.2.Whyisthe618shoppingeventseenasanassessmentofspendingpower?A.Becauseofitsleadershipinfashion.B.ItisChina’ssecond-largestshoppingfestival.C.BecauseofJDcompany’spopularity.D.ItisorganizedbyChina’slargestonlineplatform.3.Whatdifficultydothe618shoppingeventsin2020and2022bothface?A.Theabsentlogisticsassistance.B.Thesametoughtimingforselling.C.Thepandemic-hiteconomicdecline.D.Thesalesrestrictionssetbygovernment.4.Whymaythe618shoppingeventin2022beevenworse?A.LockdownsjustendedinearlyApril.B.Thereislesstimeforthemarkettorespond.C.Covid-19outbreaksaremoreseriousincities.D.Chinesecustomersaremorelackinginmoney5.Whatdoestheunderlineword“l(fā)ockdowns”inthelastparagraphmean?A.measurestoclosecities B.limitedactivities C.lockstothedoor D.downtowns【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了中國618購物節(jié)的歷史來源，以及對比了2020年和2022年在疫情結(jié)束之后的狀況下兩個618機遇的不同。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“TheeventwasoriginallycreatedasacompetitionfortheAlibaba-backedSingles’Dayshoppingevent(onNovember11(該活動最初是作為阿里巴巴支持的雙十一購物節(jié)的競爭而創(chuàng)建的。)”可知618購物節(jié)最初是想要和阿里巴巴公司支持的雙十一購物節(jié)進行競爭而設(shè)立的。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“the618shoppingfestivalhasgrownoutofitsfoundingplatformandbecomeapromotionaleventacrossallmajorChinesee-commerceplatforms.(618購物節(jié)已經(jīng)從最初的平臺發(fā)展壯大，成為中國所有主要電子商務(wù)平臺的促銷活動。)”以及“Forthosewhoaretakingacloselookatthecountry’ssecond-largestshoppingcarnival,thisyear’seditionof618mightseemlike2020’salloveragain,yetifanythingthesituationisevenmoreserious.(對于那些密切關(guān)注這個國家第二大購物狂歡節(jié)的人來說，今年的618可能看起來像是2020年的重演，但情況甚至更嚴重。)”可推斷618購物節(jié)被看成是評判中國消費者消費力的指標的原因是因為它是中國第二大購物節(jié)，其影響力滲透到所有電商平臺。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inbothyears,Chinawasjustcomingoutoflockdownswhichhadtakenatollonthecountry’seconomyandledtonegativeconsumerconsumptionconcept.(這兩年，中國都剛剛擺脫封鎖，封鎖對中國經(jīng)濟造成了損害，并導(dǎo)致了負面的消費觀念。)”可知，2020和2022這兩年618購物節(jié)前，中國都剛剛走出封鎖，疫情封鎖對中國經(jīng)濟造成了影響。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后兩段的陳述尤其是最后一段“Thisyear,however,there’slesstimeforthemarket-eitherconsumerconsumptionconcept,merchants(商人),orlogisticscompanies-toreactsincethemonths-longlockdownstocontrolnewCovid-19outbreaksincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaionlyendedonJune1,justasmanyretailerswerepreparingforthe618shoppingfestivalwithpre-promotionandearlydeals.Moreover,recenttrendsmakeitobviousthatChineseconsumerswillbeevenmorecautiousin2022thantheywerenearthestartofthepandemic.(然而，今年市場——無論是消費者消費觀念、商家還是物流公司——的反應(yīng)時間都更少了，因為北京和上海等城市為控制新冠肺炎疫情而實施的長達數(shù)月的封鎖直到6月1日才結(jié)束，而許多零售商正在為618購物節(jié)做準備，進行提前促銷和提前交易。此外，最近的趨勢明顯表明2022年中國消費者將比疫情剛開始時更加謹慎。)”可知，因為封鎖6月1日才結(jié)束，所以2022年618購物節(jié)前留給市場從封鎖中緩過來和反應(yīng)的時間變少了，而這一定會影響消費，所以2022年618購物節(jié)的情況會更糟。故選B項?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thisyear,however,there’slesstimeforthemarket—eitherconsumerconsumptionconcept,merchants(商人),orlogisticscompanies—toreact(然而，今年市場——無論是消費者消費觀念、商家還是物流公司——的反應(yīng)時間都更少了)以及“Covid-19outbreaksincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaionlyendedonJune1,(北京、上海等城市的新冠肺炎疫情直到6月1日才結(jié)束。)”可知北京、上海等這些城市的疫情直到六月一號才結(jié)束，所以可以推測因為防疫的需要，這些城市一定實施了數(shù)月的封城措施，所以劃線詞lockdown的意思與A項measurestoclosecities的意思相近。故選A項。BManypeoplequotethephrasefromJaneJacobsthat“theremustbeeyesonthestreet”toemphasizetherelationshipbetweenurbansafetyanddesign.Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetywere,intruth,farmorecomplexthanthisphrasesuggests.HerbookTheDeathandLifeofGreatAmericanCitieshasbecomethebasisofaworldwidemovementtofostersafercities.Jacobsmadeanimportantcontributiontoourunderstandingofcitiesbylinkingthefearofcrimeandurbandesign.Inasuccessfulcitydistrictapersonmustfeelpersonallysafeonthestreetamongallthesestrangers.Itdoesn’ttakemanyincidentsofviolenceonacitystreettomakepeoplefearthestreet.Andastheyfearit,theyuseitless,whichmakesthestreetstillmoreunsafe.Jacobswidenedherattentiontourbansafetyingeneral,includingparksandpublichousingprojects.Whilemostplannersfocusonthegreenbenefitsofparks,shearguedagainstunderusedordangerousparks.Sheobservedthatparksaresuccessfulwhentheyencouragearangeofactivitiesandusers.Sheemphasizeddesignandmanagementpoliciestoencourageinteractionatpublichousingsites.Shesuggestedcombiningpublichousingcommunitieswithexistingstreetpatternsandholdingstreetactivitiesbyincludingbusinessesinthebuildings.Sheopposedfencingandsecurityguards,creatingasenseofterritoryandisolatingpublichousingresidentsfromthewidercommunity.Jacobswroteaboutherexperienceofdailylifeinthecityandurgedplannerstopayattentiontohowordinarypeopleactuallyuseurbanspace.Fromherexperienceasawife,mother,andresidentinNewYork,shearrivedatamorehumanvisionofthecitythantheexpertsofthedaydid.Herconcernabouturbansafetywasvisionary(有遠見的),andhermanneroflookingatthecitystilloffersacriticalviewpointforevaluatingcrimepreventionandcommunitysafetystrategiestoday.6.Whatpurposedoesparagraph1serve?A.Tomakethephrasebetterknown.B.Toattractreaders’attentiontothephrase.C.TointroducemoreJacobs’complexviews.D.ToprovethepopularityofJaneJacobs’book.7.AccordingtoJacobs,whatisaproperwaytofosterasuccessfulcity?A.Warningpeopleofviolenceinthestreets.B.Encouragingdifferentactivitiesinparks.C.Employingsecurityguardsinthebuildings.D.Introducingsafetypoliciesatpublichousingsites.8.WhatdoesJacobssayabouturbandesign?A.Gooddesignandmanagementcanincreaseinteraction.B.Thegovernmentshouldbuildmoreparks.C.Crimesmakethecityinsecureforpeopletolivein.D.Citiesshouldimprovepublicservices.9Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Creatingasenseofterritoryisnecessary.B.It’sdangeroustowalkonthestreetalone.C.Peopleinthecityfeelmoredisconnectednow.D.VariousrolesinlifemakeJacobhaveuniqueviews10.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetyanddesignB.Jacobs’Book“TheDevelopmentofGreatcities”C.Jacobs’experienceofdailylifeinthecityD.Jacobs’designandmanagementpolicies【答案】6.C7.B8.A9.D10.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了簡·雅各布斯在書中《美國大城市的死與生》的一些關(guān)于城市規(guī)劃和管理政策對居民安全感的影響觀點?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetywere,intruth,farmorecomplexthanthisphrasesuggests.（事實上，雅各布斯對城市安全的看法遠比這句話所暗示的要復(fù)雜得多。）”可知，第一段的目的是介紹更多雅各布斯的復(fù)雜觀點。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Inasuccessfulcitydistrictapersonmustfeelpersonallysafeonthestreetamongallthesestrangers.（在一個成功的城市地區(qū)，一個人必須在所有這些陌生人中感到自己在街上的安全。）”以及第三段最后兩句“Whilemostplannersfocusonthegreenbenefitsofparks,shearguedagainstunderusedordangerousparks.Sheobservedthatparksaresuccessfulwhentheyencouragearangeofactivitiesandusers.（盡管大多數(shù)規(guī)劃者關(guān)注公園的綠色效益，但她反對未充分利用或危險的公園。她觀察到，當(dāng)公園鼓勵一系列活動和用戶時，公園是成功的。）”可知，對于雅各布斯而言，打造一個成功的城市其中一個因素就是要提高其安全系數(shù)，而在公園里鼓勵活動就是其中一項舉措，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Sheemphasizeddesignandmanagementpoliciestoencourageinteractionatpublichousingsites.（她強調(diào)了設(shè)計和管理政策，以鼓勵公共住房場所的互動。）”可知，在雅各布斯看來好的設(shè)計和管理可以增加人們的互動，故選A。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句“Fromherexperienceasawife,mother,andresidentinNewYork,shearrivedatamorehumanvisionofthecitythantheexpertsofthedaydid.Herconcernabouturbansafetywasvisionary(有遠見的),andhermanneroflookingatthecitystilloffersacriticalviewpointforevaluatingcrimepreventionandcommunitysafetystrategiestoday.（從她作為妻子、母親和紐約居民的經(jīng)歷來看，她對這座城市的看法比當(dāng)時的專家更加人性化。她對城市安全的擔(dān)憂很有遠見,她看待城市的方式仍然為當(dāng)今評估犯罪預(yù)防和社區(qū)安全戰(zhàn)略提供了一個重要的視角。）”可知，雅各布斯作為妻子，母親和紐約居民的經(jīng)歷使得她的看法與眾不同，故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章開頭“ManypeoplequotethephrasefromJaneJacobsthat“theremustbeeyesonthestreet”toemphasizetherelationshipbetweenurbansafetyanddesign.Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetywere,intruth,farmorecomplexthanthisphrasesuggests.（許多人引用簡·雅各布斯的一句話，即“街道上必須有眼睛”，以強調(diào)城市安全與設(shè)計之間的關(guān)系。事實上，雅各布斯對城市安全的看法遠比這句話所暗示的要復(fù)雜得多。）”可知，作者主要介紹雅各布斯對城市安全的看法。故選A。CPsychologists,theologiansandpreschoolteachersalikehavelongsupportedasimplebutpowerfulidea—givingtoothersisgoodfortheworld,butitalsomakesusfeelgood.Infact,socialpsychologistElizabethDunn’sresearchhasshownthatgivingtocharityhasthesameimpactonhappinessasearningtwiceasmuchincome.Dunnhaslearnedthatnotallgenerosityiscreatedequal.Thelessabstract(抽象)anactofcharityorkindnessis,shesays,thegreateritshappiness-bringingbenefitsareforthegiver.ShecitesanexperienceshehadinherhomecommunityinCanada,wheresheandagroupofneighborsworkedtogethertoresettleaSyrianrefugeefamilyin2019.Thejoy,gratitudeandsatisfactionshefeltdoingthatworkwasdifferentfromanycharitabledonationsshehadgiveninthepast.Herresearchsupportsherownexperience.“Youneedtoimaginehowyourdollarsaregoingtomakeadifference,”shesaid,inreferencetoastudythatshowedpeoplefeelhappierafterdonatingtosupportaspecificaction(purchasingmosquitonetsforamalaria-strickenpartoftheworld)thantheydidafterdonatingtoageneralsocialservicecharity.“Allofusarecapableoffindingjoyingiving,”Dunnsaid,“Butweshouldn’texpectthistohappenautomatically…Itmattershowwedoit.”Sheadded,“Let’sstopthinkingaboutgivingasamoralobligation(義務(wù))andstartthinkingofitasasourceofpleasure.”Thisproposal,thatwere-framegivingandgenerosityasfuelforourhappiness,ispowerful.Ithasthepotentialtodeepenandbroadenthewaysinwhichwepracticegenerosityinourlivesandcommunities.Andthat,inturn,promotesthepositivityandkindnessthatmaketheworldabetterplace,daybyday,momentbymoment.11.AccordingtoDunn,whichofthefollowingistheresultofgivingtocharity?A.Makinggivershappy. B.Increasingpeople’sincome.C.Gettingridofworldpoverty. D.Makingpeoplemorepowerful.12.Whatcanberegardedasalessabstractactofkindness?A.Promisingtohelpthepoor. B.Donatingmoneytocharity.C.Sayingwarmwordstoabeggar. D.Buying3000coatsforthepoor.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Charity. B.Action. C.Giving. D.Obligation.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Givingisonlyamoralobligation.B.Givingtocharitymeansmoreincome.C.Abstractkindnessbringsthegivergreatbenefits.D.Givingandgenerositycontributetomakingabetterworld15.Wheredoesthepassagepossiblycomefrom?A.asciencefiction B.amagazine C.awebsite D.adescript【答案】11.A12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。本文說明給予是幸福的源泉，并指出給予行為越具體，給予者的幸福感就越強?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Infact,socialpsychologistElizabethDunn’sresearchhasshownthatgivingtocharityhasthesameimpactonhappinessasearningtwiceasmuchincome.(事實上，社會心理學(xué)家伊麗莎白·鄧恩（ElizabethDunn）的研究表明，慈善捐贈對幸福的影響與收入的兩倍(對幸福的影響)相同。)”可知，做慈善和賺兩倍的收入對幸福感的影響是一樣的，所以慈善捐贈會讓捐贈者快樂。故選A項?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容的陳述以及最后一句“...peoplefeelhappierafterdonatingtosupportaspecificaction(purchasingmosquitonetsforamalaria-strickenpartoftheworld)thantheydidafterdonatingtoageneralsocialservicecharity(人們捐款支持一項特定的行動（為世界上瘧疾肆虐的地區(qū)購買蚊帳）后，比向一個普通社會服務(wù)慈善機構(gòu)捐款后感到更快樂)”以及結(jié)合選項可知，為窮人買3000件外套是具體不太抽象的慈善行為。故選D項?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子“Let’sstopthinkingaboutgivingasamoralobligation(義務(wù))andstartthinkingofitasasourceofpleasure.(讓我們停止把給予看作是一種道德義務(wù)，而開始把它看作是快樂的源泉。)”可知，我們不要把給予看作是一種道德義務(wù)，而要開始把它看作是快樂的源泉，由此可判定it指的是前文的“giving”。故選C項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段“Thisproposal,thatwere-framegivingandgenerosityasfuelforourhappiness,ispowerful.Ithasthepotentialtodeepenandbroadenthewaysinwhichwepracticegenerosityinourlivesandcommunities.Andthat,inturn,promotesthepositivityandkindnessthatmaketheworldabetterplace,daybyday,momentbymoment.(這一建議，即我們將給予和慷慨重新定義為我們幸福的燃料，是有力的。它有可能加深和拓寬我們在生活和社區(qū)中踐行慷慨的方式。而這反過來又促進了積極和善良，使世界一天一天、一刻一刻變得更美好。)”以及結(jié)合上文可知，文章陳述給予和慷慨有助于形成一個更好的世界。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Psychologists,theologiansandpreschoolteachersalikehavelongsupportedasimplebutpowerfulidea—givingtoothersisgoodfortheworld,butitalsomakesusfeelgood.Infact,socialpsychologistElizabethDunn’sresearchhasshownthatgivingtocharityhasthesameimpactonhappinessasearningtwiceasmuchincome.(心理學(xué)家、神學(xué)家和幼兒教師長期以來都支持一個簡單但有力的想法——給予他人有益于世界，但也會讓我們感覺良好。事實上，社會心理學(xué)家伊麗莎白·鄧恩（ElizabethDunn）的研究表明，慈善捐贈對幸福的影響與收入的兩倍相同。)”以及后文可知，這是一篇議論文，提到給予是幸福的源泉，并指出給予行為越具體，給予者的幸福感就越強，應(yīng)屬于現(xiàn)實生活中雜志的生活評論欄目。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。JosephConrad,afamousEnglishnovelist,saidthathisgoalasawriterwas“tomakeyouhear,tomakeyoufeel,andaboveall,tomakeyousee.That,andnomore,iseverything.”____16____Oftenitleavesasinglesharpimpressiontobeturnedoverandoverinthemind.Afterfinishingthestory,thereadershouldhavesomethingtothinkabout:thehumoroflife,itsironies,ortheunpredictabilityofhumanbehavior.____17____Thefirstandmostobviouslevelisconveyedthroughtheplot.Plotreferstothesequenceofevents,totheactionsofthecharactersandthesituationsinwhichtheyareinvolved.Toexplaintheplot,then,istotellwhathappenedinthestoryandtowhom.Insomeshortstories,plotisthedominatingelement.Inothershortstories,plotplaysaveryminorrole.InHemingway’sstory,TheOldManandtheSea,however,wemustapproachthecontentonanotherlevel.____18____Tounderstandandappreciatethestory,thereadermustbeabletoidentifyitsgeneraltopicortheme.Thenextstepistoidentifythedevicebywhichtheauthorcommentsonthistheme.____19____Readerscannotappreciateashortstoryfullyunlesstheyreactnotonlytowhathasbeensaidbutalsotohowithasbeensaid.____20____Stylegrowsoutofthewriter’sownpersonalityandcanbeseeninthechoiceofwordsandphrases,thearrangementofsentences,therhythmandtone.Structurereferstothearchitectureofthestory,thewayinwhichthedetailsareselectedandarrangedtoproducethedesiredeffect.A.Theymustlookforstyleandstructure.B.Incomplexstories,carefulreadersmaynotalwaysagreewiththeauthor.C.Theimpactonthereadercomesfromthesuddenandunexpectedresponse.D.Agoodshortstorytriestogivethereaderasenseoftheactualexperience.E.Finally,thereadershouldbeabletoexplaintheinsightswhichtheauthorhasgivenintothetheme.F.Theimpactofthestorycomesfromtheinsightitgivesusintotheneedsanddesiresofyouthandoldage.G.Inordertoreadashortstorywithfullunderstanding,thereadermustapproachthecontentontwolevels.【答案】16D17.G18.F19.E20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了讀者理解小說內(nèi)容的方法?！?6題詳解】空處后提到“Oftenitleavesasinglesharpimpressiontobeturnedoverandoverinthemind.Afterfinishingthestory,thereadershouldhavesomethingtothinkabout:thehumoroflife,itsironies,ortheunpredictabilityofhumanbehavior.”（它通常會在腦海中留下一個清晰的印象。讀完故事后，讀者應(yīng)該有一些東西來思考:生活的幽默，它的諷刺，或人類行為的不可預(yù)測性。）由此判斷，好的小說會讓讀者留下深刻的印象，甚至能讓讀者感同身受。D項提到“一個好的短篇小說試圖給讀者一種實際經(jīng)歷的感覺?！逼鸬揭鹣挛牡淖饔茫衔囊?。故選D。【17題詳解】第二段中提到兩種理解文章內(nèi)容的方法的第一種——通過情節(jié)理解小說內(nèi)容，由此判斷該段的第一句應(yīng)總起介紹理解小說內(nèi)容的方法。G項提到“為了充分理解一篇短篇小說，讀者必須從兩個層面入手。”總起提到理解小說內(nèi)容的兩個層面，符合文意。故選G。【18題詳解】第三段第一句提到“InHemingway’sstory,TheOldManandtheSea,however,wemustapproachthecontentonanotherlevel.”（然而，在海明威的故事《老人與?！分?，我們必須從另一個層面來探討內(nèi)容。）該段利用《老人與?！返睦咏榻B了理解小說內(nèi)容的另一個層面，由《老人與?！返南嚓P(guān)內(nèi)容可知，小說提到了年輕人和老年人的需求和渴望。F項提到“這個故事的影響在于它讓我們洞察到年輕人和老年人的需求和欲望?！痹擁椌唧w提到了小說相關(guān)內(nèi)容，符合文意。故選F。【19題詳解】第三段倒數(shù)第二句提到“Thenextstepistoidentifythedevicebywhichtheauthorcommentsonthistheme.”（下一步是確定作者評論這個主題的方式。）結(jié)合第二段及第三段內(nèi)容可知，這兩段講述了讀者理解小說內(nèi)容的方式，因此在該段結(jié)尾應(yīng)提到讀者理解小說內(nèi)容的程度。E項提到“最后，讀者應(yīng)該能夠解釋作者對主題的見解?！痹擁検亲x者理解小說內(nèi)容的最終結(jié)果，符合文意。故選E。【20題詳解】最后一段第三句提到“Stylegrowsoutofthewriter’sownpersonalityandcanbeseeninthechoiceofwordsandphrases,thearrangementofsentences,therhythmandtone.”（風(fēng)格來源于作者自身的個性，可以從遣詞造句、句子安排、節(jié)奏和語氣的選擇中看出。）由此判斷空處應(yīng)提到讀者需要關(guān)注小說的風(fēng)格。A項提到“他們必須尋找風(fēng)格和結(jié)構(gòu)?！逼鸬揭鹣挛牡淖饔茫衔囊?。故選A?！军c睛】第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。Mysalescareerwasalmostcutshortbymyparents.Iwas11,amemberoftheGirlScouts,andpreparingtosellourfirstThinMints.Ourgoalwastosellatleast50boxeseach,whichwouldmakeusqualifiedforthe___21___.Iconsideredknockingonstrangers’doorsandhopingtowinthemover.ButwhenI___22___myparentsthepermissionpapertodothis,they___23___handeditbackunsigned.Theythoughtitwas___24___thattheirchildwouldaskneighborsfor___25___.Idefendedmycase:The____26____wantdeliciouscookies!Finally,they___27___,andIhitthestreets.Doorafterdoor,Ifoundthatthe____28____basicallysolditselfandallIhadtodowasaddingsomeextracharmwithmysilkribbon.TheGirlScouts____29____mewithacupthathadathumbprintedyellowsmileyfaceonit.Ifelt_____30_____.Iwentontohavealongcareerinsales.NowwhenI_____31_____thatfirstadventure,whatIseeisayounggirlwhoinstinctively_____32_____themostimportantthingaboutselling.It’sabout_____33_____aservice—bringingthemthethingstheywantandneed,sothat,inthebestofsituations,anyproduct_____34_____itselfaswellasthecookiesdid.That’swhyIstillhavethatcup,whichIkeepasa______35______21.A.candies B.certificates C.prizes D.designs22.A.showed B.handed C.instructed D.sent23.A.accidentally B.obviously C.hardly D.immediately24.A.astonishing B.boring C.embarrassing D.confusing25.A.food B.money C.support D.service26.A.customers B.passengers C.listeners D.visitors27.A.disappeared B.agreed C.struggled D.continued28.A.product B.present C.object D.instrument29.A.associated B.helped C.charged D.rewarded30.A.interested B.recognized C.confused D.unprepared31.A.lookbackon B.keepupwith C.getcloseto D.makeupfor32.A.doubted B.noticed C.understood D.remembered33A.requiring B.expecting C.checking D.providing34.A.creates B.replaces C.sells D.reflects35.A.present B.reminder C.surprise D.secret【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述作者小時候參加賣餅干的活動和父母產(chǎn)生了分歧，最終父母答應(yīng)她去賣餅干，她做得很好，得到了一個杯子作為獎勵，覺得受到了認可。她認為銷售是給顧客提供想要的和需要的東西。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的目標是每盒至少賣出50盒，這將使我們有資格獲得獎品。A.candies糖果；B.certificates證書；C.prizes獎品；D.designs設(shè)計。根據(jù)下文“hopingtowinthemover”可知，作者希望贏得獎品。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)我把同意書交給我的父母時，他們沒有簽字就立馬把它還了回來。A.showed展示；B.handed遞給；C.instructed指導(dǎo)；D.sent寄。根據(jù)下文“they4handeditbackunsigned.”可知，作者遞給了父母同意書去做這件事。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)我把同意書交給我的父母時，他們沒有簽字就立馬把它還了回來。A.accidentally偶然地；B.obviously明顯地；C.hardly幾乎不；D.immediately迅速地。根據(jù)后文“Theythoughtitwas4thattheirchildwouldaskneighborsfor5.”可知，作者的父母認為孩子向鄰居要錢很尷尬，他們不同意作者賣餅干，因此他們迅速地沒簽字就把同意書還給了作者。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認為他們的孩子向鄰居要錢是令人尷尬的。A.astonishing令人驚奇的；B.boring無聊的，令人厭煩的；C.embarrassing令人尷尬的；D.confusing令人迷惑的。根據(jù)前文“they4handeditbackunsigned”可知，作者父母之所以不同意那是因為作者的父母認為孩子向鄰居要錢很尷尬。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認為他們的孩子向鄰居要錢是令人尷尬的。A.food食物；B.money金錢；C.support支持；C.service服務(wù)。根據(jù)前文“Ourgoalwastosellatleast50boxeseach”可知，作者的父母認為孩子向鄰居要錢很尷尬。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我為自己辯護道：顧客想要美味的餅干！A.customers顧客；B.passengers乘客；C.listeners聽者；D.visitors游客。根據(jù)上文“preparingtosellmyfirstThinMints.”可知，作者把餅干賣給顧客。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他們同意了，我就上街了賣東西了。A.disappeared消失；B.agreed同意；C.struggled奮斗；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)后文“Ihitthestreets.”可知，起初作者父母不同意她賣餅干，經(jīng)過作者請求，最后他們同意了。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：走了一家又一家，我發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品基本上都賣得很好，我所要做的就是用我的絲帶增加一些額外的魅力。A.product產(chǎn)品；B.present禮物；C.object物體；D.instrument樂器；儀器。根據(jù)前文“wantdeliciouscookies!”可知，作者賣的是餅干，也是產(chǎn)品。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：女童子軍獎勵我一個上面印著拇指的黃色笑臉的杯子。A.associated聯(lián)系；B.helped幫助；C.charged指控；D.rewarded獎勵。根據(jù)前文“basicallysolditselfandallIhadtodowasaddingsomeextracharmwithmysilkribbon.”可知，作者順利賣完了產(chǎn)品，因此TheGirlScouts給了她獎勵。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得得到了認可。A.interested感興趣的；B.recognized被認可的；C.confused迷惑的；D.unprepared未準備的。根據(jù)上文“TheGirlScouts9mewithacupthathadathumbprintedyellowsmileyfaceonit.”可知，作者得到了一個上面印著豎起大拇指的杯子，因此感覺得到了認可。故選B項。31題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)我回顧第一次冒險時，我看到的是一個年輕女孩，她本能地理解銷售最重要的事情。A.lookbackon回顧；B.keepupwith趕上；C.getcloseto接近；D.makeupfor彌補。根據(jù)下文“whatIseeisayounggirlwhoinstinctively12understoodthemostimportantthingaboutselling.”可知，作者回顧第一次經(jīng)歷。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)我回顧第一次冒險時，我看到的是一個年輕女孩，她本能地理解銷售最重要的事情。A.doubted懷疑；B.noticed注意；C.understood理解；D.remembered記住。根據(jù)后文“bringingthemthethingstheywantandneed”可知，這個服務(wù)是帶給顧客想要和需要的東西，這是作者從銷售中學(xué)到的東西，也是理解的道理。故選C項。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是關(guān)于提供一種服務(wù)——帶給他們想要和需要的東西，這樣，在最好的情況下，任何產(chǎn)品都可以像餅干一樣銷售。A.requiring要求；B.expecting期待；C.checking檢查；審查；D.providing提供，根據(jù)下文“bringingthemthethingstheywantandneed”可知，銷售是提供一種服務(wù)。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是關(guān)于提供一種服務(wù)——帶給他們想要和需要的東西，這樣，在最好的情況下，任何產(chǎn)品都可以像餅干一樣銷售。A.creates創(chuàng)造；B.replaces代替；C.sells出售；D.reflects反映。根據(jù)后文“thecookiesdid”可知，did指代sold，因此可推斷產(chǎn)品也是出售。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是為什么我還有那只杯子，我把它作為一個提醒。A.present禮物；B.reminder提醒物；C.surprise驚喜；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)前文“That’swhyIstillhavethatcup”可知，這個杯子是作者因為第一次賣餅干的出色表現(xiàn)獲得的獎品，這次經(jīng)歷讓作者意識到給顧客帶來他們想要和需要的東西，因此這個杯子至今還保存著是作為一個提醒。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。RisingsealevelsarethreateningcoastlinesinChina,forexamplein____36____(city)suchasShanghai,TianjinandGuangzhou.Ifsealevelsrisebyonemeter,morethan92,000squarekilometersofChina’scoastcouldbeflooded.Thiscouldpotentiallyforce67millionpeople____37____(move)away.Almosttwo-thirdsoftheiceinAsia’sglaciers(冰川)coulddisappearifaverageglobaltemperaturerisesbeyond1.5℃bytheendofthecentury.Ifthathappens,theimpacts__