貴州省遵義市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第三次月考英語試題（含答案解析）

第20頁/共20頁高三英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shehasn’tfinishedherpaper.B.Sheforgottheman’sname.C.Everythinggoeswellinherpaper.2.WhywasCarlatthehospital?A.Hewassick.B.Hiswifewassick.C.Hewasvisitinghisdaughter.3.Whereisprobablythewoman?A.Inatrain.B.Inataxi.C.Inaplane.4.WhendoesMary’spartystart?A.At8:00.B.At7:30.C.At9:00.5.Whatdoesthemanneedtobuy?A.Sportsshoes.B.Clothes.C.Abasketball.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthemansuggestthewomangototheshoppingcenter?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.7.Whereisthecarpark?A.Ontherightofthenextcrossroads.BOntheleftofthetrafficlights.C.Farfromthemarketsquare.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Heusedtogivepublicspeeches.B.Hehasgivenmanypresentations.C.Hefeelsconfidentofthepresentation.9.Whatisdifficultfortheman?A.Givinggoodadvice.B.Focusingonhistopic.C.Communicatingwithpsychologists.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Carryingtrees.B.Plantingtrees.C.Pickingupwaste.11.Whyistheblueteaminthelake?A.Tocleanit.B.Toplayinit.C.Tomeasurethedepthofit.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teammates.B.Strangers.C.Schoolmates.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Tobuyhisapartment.B.Torenthisapartment.C.Tofurnishhisapartment.14.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Rearrangethefurniture.B.Decoratethelivingroom.C.Buyanewcoffeetable.15.Whatdoweknowabouttheapartment?A.Thefurnitureisingoodcondition.B.Ithasasmallstorageroom.C.Thekitchenisempty.16.WhatwillthewomandonextMonday?A.Findahouse.B.Gotoschool.C.Moveintotheapartment.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedancestudios?A.Theyaresmall.B.Theyofferroomsfordrinks.C.Theyhavehighmirrors.18.WhereistheSkateCenter?A.It’soppositetheswimmingpool.B.It’sbesidethechangingrooms.C.It’sbehindthereceptionarea.19.Whatisthefirststeptojointheentertainmentcenter?A.Fillinaform.B.Payanannualfee.C.Getteachers’permission.20.Howmuchistheannualfee?A.$20.B.$21.C.$200.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThesecond-largestcityinSwitzerlandafterZurich,Genevahasagoodpositiononthesouth-westernendofLakeGeneva,intheFrench-speakingpartofSwitzerland.VisitorstoGenevawillfindacleanandelegantcity.HerearesomebestthingstodoinGeneva.CatchtheSprayfromtheJetd’EauInstalledin1886tocontroltheoutflowofwaterfromanearbypowerstation,theJetd’Eau(waterjet)soonbecameasymbolofthecityofGeneva.Itshootswaternearly140metersintotheairandisoneofthetallestfountainsintheworld.Unlesswindsaretoostrong,theJetd’Eaurunseverydayandisilluminated(照亮)atnight.TourthePalaisdesNationsConstructedinthe1930sastheheadquartersoftheshort-livedLeagueofNations,thePalaisdesNations(PalaceofNations)isamajortouristattraction.Visitorsarefreetowanderitormayjumpinonanhour-longguidedtourofseveralofthebuildings.TakeaBreakattheJardinAnglais&theFlowerClockAllroadsinGenevaseemtoleadtotheJardinAnglaisasmall,prettilyplantedlakefront(湖邊平地)gardeninthecenterofGeneva.Crowdsgatherherefortheflowerclock,anoversizedtimepiecewithseasonalflowers.Plentyofsittingareas,matureshadetrees,andacentralfountainmakethisarelaxingplacetotakeabreakfromsightseeing.Stroll(漫步)alongtheLakefrontandRiversideTheJardinAnglaisisjustoneofseveralplacestoadmirethelakeandtheJetdEau.Theentirelakefrontisfitforstrolling.Thereare6milesoffootpathsandbikepathsalongtheentirelakefront.Swanspassbyduringtheday,andatnight,theriversideandsurroundingbuildingsareromanticallylit.1.WhydidpeoplebuildtheJetd’Eau?A.Torecyclewaterforanearbypowerstation.B.Tomakeitthetallestfountainintheworld.C.Tocontroltheoutflowofwaterfromapowerstation.D.TomakeitasymbolofthecityofGeneva.2.WhatmaypeoplegototheJardinAnglaisfor?A.Plantingsomeflowersinthegarden. B.Goingsightseeingfortheflowerclock.C.PracticingtheirFrenchinthegarden. D.Buyingcheapseasonalflowers.3.WhatdotheriversideandtheJetd’Eauhaveincommon?A.Theyhavebeautifullightsatnight. B.Theyhaveinvitingfountains.C.Theyhaveswansinthelake. D.Theyhavepathsforbicycles.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文,主要介紹了在日內(nèi)瓦值得做的一些事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CatchtheSprayfromtheJetd’Eau”部分第一句“Installedin1886tocontroltheoutflowofwaterfromanearbypowerstation,theJetd’Eau(waterjet)soonbecameasymbolofthecityofGeneva.”（安裝于1886年，用于控制附近發(fā)電站的水流，Jetd’Eau很快成為日內(nèi)瓦的象征）可知，建造Jetd’Eau是為了控制附近發(fā)電站的水的流出。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TakeaBreakattheJardinAnglais&theFlowerClock”部分第二句“Crowdsgatherherefortheflowerclock,anoversizedtimepiecewithseasonalflowers.”（人群為花鐘聚集在這里，一個(gè)由季節(jié)性花卉構(gòu)成的超大時(shí)鐘）可知，人們?yōu)榱丝椿ㄧ姸奂谶@里。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CatchtheSprayfromtheJetd’Eau”部分最后一句“Unlesswindsaretoostrong,theJetd’Eaurunseverydayandisilluminated(照亮)atnight.”（除非風(fēng)太大，Jetd’Eau每天都運(yùn)行，在晚上也有照明）與“Stroll(漫步)alongtheLakefrontandRiverside”部分最后一句“Swanspassbyduringtheday,andatnight,theriversideandsurroundingbuildingsareromanticallylit.”（白天天鵝經(jīng)過，到了晚上，河邊和周圍的建筑物都被浪漫的燈光照亮）可知，這兩個(gè)地方在晚上都有漂亮的燈光。故選A。BAfterIfinishedmyPhDin2014atDukeUniversity,Istayedforanextrayeartofinishapaperandlookforapostdoc(博士后)position.ThefirststepofmyprocesswastodecidewhatIwantedtodowithmycareer,andthenIshouldfindalaboratorythatwouldhelpmetoachievethat.Iwasabitanxiousaboutmakingsuchastrongstatementaboutmycareer—afeelingthatIthinkissharedbymanygraduatingstudents.ThenextstepinmyprocesswastobroadlyidentifywhattypeoffieldIwantedtoworkinandwhichtechniques,systemandorganismIwantedtolearn.SeveralpeopleadvisedmetochangeoneortwoofthesechoicesfrommyPhDwork,whichwasinyeastcellbiology(酵母細(xì)胞生物學(xué)).AlthoughIreallyvaluehavingexperienceinmultiplefieldsandtechniques,Idon’tthinkthischangeisabsolutelynecessary.IalsotalkedmyoptionsthroughwithmyPhDadviser,DanielLew,andmylabmates.Intheend,Idecidedtostayworkingwithyeastbuttotakeonmorebiochemistryapproaches.IthenputtogetheralistofpossiblelabsasIreadpapersanduniversitywebsites.Bythispoint,mypartnerandIhaddecidedthatwewouldliketoliveinEurope,becauseitwouldbeagreatopportunitytomovesomewhereelseandexperienceadifferentwayofliving.IpreferredlabsinEurope,butIincludedmanyintheUnitedStatesaswell.Iappliedtoeightlabsbyemail:fourlabsintheUnitedStatesandfourinEurope.Intheend,IdecidedonJohnDiffley’slabattheFrancisCrickInstituteinLondon.IcouldimaginehowIwoulddevelopasascientistinJohn’slabandultimatelygainmoreindependence.Whenyou’reonanacademiccareertrack,that’sabigpartoftheexperiencebecomingindependentanddesigningyourownprojects.4.Whatdidtheauthordofirstforapostdocposition?A.Workinauniversityforanextrayear. B.Determinewhattodowithhiscareer.C.Lookforaproperlaboratoryforresearch. D.Overcomehisanxietyabouthiscareer.5.Whydidtheauthorchooseyeastcellbiologyforhispostdocposition?A.Hethoughtitwaspopular.B.Helikedexperiencingmultiplefields.C.Heacceptedhisadviser’sandlabmates’advice.D.Heconsidereditunnecessarytoworkinotherfields.6.WhatmadetheauthorpreferEuropeanlaboratories?A.FewsuitablelaboratoriesintheU.S. B.Focusingonresearchandpursuinghisaim.C.Abetteropportunitytofinishhispostdoc. D.Wishingforlivingadifferentlifestyle.7.HowwilltheauthorworkinJohn’slab?A.BydependingonJohn’shelp. B.Bydesigninghisownprojects.C.Bydiscussingyeastingroups. D.Bysharinghisgoodexperience.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。作者博士畢業(yè)后面臨選擇研究方向和實(shí)驗(yàn)室等一系列的問題?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“ThefirststepofmyprocesswastodecidewhatIwantedtodowithmycareer,andthenIshouldfindalaboratorythatwouldhelpmetoachievethat.(我的第一步是決定我想在我的職業(yè)生涯中做什么，然后我應(yīng)該找到一個(gè)可以幫助我實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室)”可知，作者讀完博士之后,第一步是決定自己的職業(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AlthoughIreallyvaluehavingexperienceinmultiplefieldsandtechniques,Idon’tthinkthischangeisabsolutelynecessary.IalsotalkedmyoptionsthroughwithmyPhDadviser,DanielLew,andmylabmates.Intheend,Idecidedtostayworkingwithyeastbuttotakeonmorebiochemistryapproaches.(雖然我真的很看重在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域和技術(shù)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但我不認(rèn)為這種改變是絕對必要的。我還與我的博士導(dǎo)師丹尼爾·盧(DanielLew)和我的實(shí)驗(yàn)室伙伴討論了我的選擇。最后，我決定繼續(xù)研究酵母，但采用更多的生物化學(xué)方法)”可知，作者雖然很看重在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗(yàn),但認(rèn)為沒必要在其他領(lǐng)域工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Bythispoint,mypartnerandIhaddecidedthatwewouldliketoliveinEurope,becauseitwouldbeagreatopportunitytomovesomewhereelseandexperienceadifferentwayofliving.IpreferredlabsinEurope,butIincludedmanyintheUnitedStatesaswell.(這時(shí)，我和我的伴侶已經(jīng)決定我們想要住在歐洲，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)搬到其他地方體驗(yàn)不同生活方式的好機(jī)會。我更喜歡歐洲的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，但我也包括了許多美國的實(shí)驗(yàn)室)”可知，作者選擇歐洲實(shí)驗(yàn)室的原因是,住在歐洲能體驗(yàn)不同的生活方式。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Whenyou’reonanacademiccareertrack,that’sabigpartoftheexperiencebecomingindependentanddesigningyourownprojects.(當(dāng)你走在學(xué)術(shù)生涯的軌道上時(shí)，獨(dú)立和設(shè)計(jì)自己的項(xiàng)目是一種很重要的體驗(yàn))”可推知，作者將在實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)計(jì)自己的項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)。CAmericahasmorethanenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.Buteachyear,billionsofpoundsofperfectlygoodfoodgotowaste.Meanwhile,34millionfacehungerintheUnitedStates.Asthecountry’slargestfoodrescueorganization,FeedingAmericapartnerswithfoodmanufacturers,grocerystores,restaurants,andfarmerstorescuefoodanddeliverittofoodbanksservingourneighbors.Eachyear,108billionpoundsoffoodiswastedintheUnitedStates.Thatequatesto130billionmealsandmorethan$408billioninfoodthrownawayeachyear.Shockingly,nearly40%ofallfoodinAmericaiswasted.Foodgoestowasteateverystageoffoodproductionanddistributionfromfarmerstopackersandshippers,frommanufacturerstoretailerstoourhomes.Foodwasteinourhomesmakesupabout39%ofallfoodwaste—about42billionpoundsoffoodwaste,andcommercialfoodwastemakesupabout61%ofallfoodwasteor66billionpoundsoffoodwaste.FeedingAmericafocusesonreducingfoodwasteonfarmsandinfoodservice,manufacturing,andretail.Lastyear,theFeedingAmericanetworkandourpartnersrescued4.7billionpoundsofgroceries.Thatfoodwentdirectlytomealsforpeoplefacinghunger.ThismakesFeedingAmericathelargestfoodrescueorganizationinthecountry.Foodrescue,orfoodrecovery,isthepracticeofcollectinghigh-qualityfoodthatwouldotherwisegotowasteanddistributingittopeoplefacinghunger.Weworkwithmanufacturers,retailers,andfarmerstoreducefoodwasteandgetrescuedfoodtopeopleinneed.Weidentifyfoodatriskofgoingtowaste,offerrescuedfoodtofoodbanks,safelyshipfoodoverlongdistancesandkeepfoodfreshlongeronceitreachesafoodbank.8.WhatdoweknowaboutthefoodinAmerica?A.Itisbarelyenough. B.Itisquiteabundant.C.Itiseasilyavailable. D.Itisincreasinglyinsufficient.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“equatesto”inparagraph3mean?A.Consumes. B.Multiplies. C.Wastes. D.Equals.10.HowdoestheauthorrevealthefoodwasteinAmerica?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Bylistingreasons.C.Bypresentingdata. D.Byofferingexamples.11.WhatdoesFeedingAmericaactuallydo?A.Itteachespeoplehowtogrowfood. B.Itsavesfoodfrombeingwasted.C.Iturgesgovernmenttotakeaction. D.Itaimstorelieveworldhunger.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，主要介紹了美國食物浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象及FeedingAmerica在減少食物浪費(fèi)方面所做的努力?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Americahasmorethanenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.(美國的食物足夠每個(gè)人吃)”可知，美國食物充足。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第三段中的“Eachyear,108billionpoundsoffoodiswastedintheUnitedStates.Thatequatesto130billionmealsandmorethan$408billioninfoodthrownawayeachyear.(美國每年有1080億磅的食物被浪費(fèi)。這equatesto每年1300億頓飯和超過4080億美元的食物被丟棄)”可知，這里把浪費(fèi)的食物折合成飯和美元，它們的價(jià)值是相等的，劃線部分意為“等于（Equals）”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Eachyear,108billionpoundsoffoodiswastedintheUnitedStates.Thatequatesto130billionmealsandmorethan$408billioninfoodthrownawayeachyear.(美國每年有1080億磅的食物被浪費(fèi)。這相當(dāng)于每年1300億頓飯和超過4080億美元的食物被丟棄)”和第四段中的“Foodwasteinourhomesmakesupabout39%ofallfoodwaste—about42billionpoundsoffoodwaste,andcommercialfoodwastemakesupabout61%ofallfoodwasteor66billionpoundsoffoodwaste.(我們家中的食物垃圾約占所有食物垃圾的39%，約420億磅食物垃圾，而商業(yè)食物垃圾約為所有食物垃圾或660億磅食物廢物的61%)”可知，作者通過呈現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)來說明美國食物浪費(fèi)的嚴(yán)重性。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“Lastyear,theFeedingAmericanetworkandourpartnersrescued4.7billionpoundsofgroceries.Thatfoodwentdirectlytomealsforpeoplefacinghunger.(去年，F(xiàn)eedingAmerica網(wǎng)絡(luò)和我們的合作伙伴拯救了47億英鎊的食品雜貨。這些食物直接用于饑餓人群的膳食)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Foodrescue,orfoodrecovery,isthepracticeofcollectinghigh-qualityfoodthatwouldotherwisegotowasteanddistributingittopeoplefacinghunger.Weworkwithmanufacturers,retailers,andfarmerstoreducefoodwasteandgetrescuedfoodtopeopleinneed.(食物救援，或食物回收，是一種收集高質(zhì)量食物（否則這些食物將被浪費(fèi)）并分發(fā)給面臨饑餓的人的做法。我們與制造商、零售商和農(nóng)民合作，減少食物浪費(fèi)，為有需要的人提供救援食品)”可知，F(xiàn)eedingAmerica將原本會被浪費(fèi)的高質(zhì)量糧食收集起來，分發(fā)給面臨饑餓的人們，避免了食物浪費(fèi)。故選B項(xiàng)。DOneofthemostcommonbeliefsamongresearchersisthathumansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica16,000yearsago.Accordingtoarecentfossildiscovery,thatmightnotbetrue.ThenewfindingsuggeststhathumansmighthavearrivedinNorthAmericafarearlier.In2013,adamagedmammoth(猛犸象)skullandotherbonesthatlooked“deliberatelybroken”werefound.Thedamagetothebonessuggestedthathumansweretheoneswhocausedittomaketools.Carbon-datinganalysissuggestedthepiecesareroughly37,000yearsold.Thisdiscoverycouldshiftourunderstandingofhumans‘earliestexistenceinNorthAmerica.Thesefossilssuggesthumanskilledanimalsintheareamuchearlierthan16,000yearsago.PreviousresearchledscientiststobelievethefirsthumansthatsettledinNorthAmericabelongedtotheClovisculture.Thiswasagroupofpeoplewholeftbehindcarefullymadetools16,000yearsago.However,carbon-datinganalysisofthemammothbonesindicatesthatthesiteisaround36,250to38,900yearsold.Thatmeansit’stheoldestknownsiteleftbehindbyancienthumansinNorthAmerica.“That’snottheonlyinterestingthingaboutthediscovery,”saidTimothyRowe,aprofessorattheUniversityofTexas.“Thesimilarfindingssupportinganearlierdateforhumanarrivalhavebeenmostlyignored.Thisisbecausetheyhavecontradictedpreviousresearch.”Now,however,hethinksthere’sagoodchancethatresearcherswillfindevidenceofhumansfartherbackintime.Theearlyhumansshapedbonesintosharpblades,whichwereusedtotakeapartanimals’remains,accordingtoRowe.Therearealsosignsthattheycookedtheanimalbonesoverafiretomeltoffthefat.“Therealevidencethatwehavehastodowiththebreakagepatterns,andhowthoroughtheyare.Theymusthaveusedrocksorhammerstonestobusttheskeletonapart...Thesepeoplewouldusewhatevertheycould,”RowetoldUSAToday.12.WhatcanbelearntabouttheearliesthumansinNorthAmerica?A.Theyarrivedthere16,000yearsago. B.Theycausedmammothtodisappear.C.TheybelongedtotheClovisculture. D.Theycouldmaketoolswithbones.13.Whyarethefindingssimilartothenewoneignored?A.Theylackagoodchance. B.Theyfailtodrawattention.C.Theydisagreewithearlierresearch. D.Theyaren’tstudiedscientifically.14.HowdoesRowefindthenewdiscovery?A.Inspiring. B.Annoying. C.Puzzling. D.Embarrassing.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheEarliestHumans’SettlinginNorthAmericaB.EvidenceofEarlierHumans’ArrivalinNorthAmericaC.TheEarliestToolMakersinNorthAmericaD.ResearchonMammothsinNorthAmerica【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一項(xiàng)新的研究表明人類遠(yuǎn)早于16000年前就到達(dá)了北美。12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thedamagetothebonessuggestedthathumansweretheoneswhocausedittomaketools.(骨頭上的損傷表明是人類制造的工具造成的)”可知，北美洲最早的人類可以用骨頭制作工具。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thesimilarfindingssupportinganearlierdateforhumanarrivalhavebeenmostlyignored.Thisisbecausetheyhavecontradictedpreviousresearch.(支持人類更早到達(dá)的類似發(fā)現(xiàn)大多被忽視了。這是因?yàn)樗鼈兣c之前的研究相矛盾)”可知，與新發(fā)現(xiàn)相似的早期發(fā)現(xiàn)被忽略是因?yàn)榕c早期研究相矛盾。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Now,however,hethinksthere’sagoodchancethatresearcherswillfindevidenceofhumansfartherbackintime.(然而，現(xiàn)在他認(rèn)為研究人員很有可能找到更早以前人類存在的證據(jù))”可知，Rowe認(rèn)為新的研究很有可能幫助研究人員找到更早以前人類存在的證據(jù)。由此推知，Rowe認(rèn)為這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是鼓舞人心的。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“OneofthemostcommonbeliefsamongresearchersisthathumansfirstarrivedinNorthAmerica16,000yearsago.Accordingtoarecentfossildiscovery,thatmightnotbetrue.ThenewfindingsuggeststhathumansmighthavearrivedinNorthAmericafarearlier.(研究人員最普遍的觀點(diǎn)之一是，人類在16000年前首次到達(dá)北美。根據(jù)最近的化石發(fā)現(xiàn)，這可能不是真的。這項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，人類可能更早到達(dá)北美)”和第二段的“Thisdiscoverycouldshiftourunderstandingofhumans‘earliestexistenceinNorthAmerica.Thesefossilssuggesthumanskilledanimalsintheareamuchearlierthan16,000yearsago.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會改變我們對人類最早在北美存在的理解。這些化石表明，早在一萬六千年前，人類就在該地區(qū)捕殺動物)”可知，本文主要介紹新的研究表明人類遠(yuǎn)早于16000年前就到達(dá)了北美。B項(xiàng)“早期人類到達(dá)北美的證據(jù)”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Travelinginthesamecarwithseveralpeopleisanexcellentidea,whichallowsonetosaveonfuel.Inthepast,fewofuswouldgotothecompanyorworkplacetogether.____16____Weshareacareverydaywithpeoplewhomwedonotknowanythingabout.WejustneedtoconnecttotheInternetoruseamobileapptofindtheperfecttransportforus.____17____Itmakespracticalsensetousetoolsatourhandstoconnectwithpeoplewhowouldliketosharecarstogether.Toolslikemobileappshelpcontributetosharingoptions.Undoubtedly,carpooling(拼車)isanexcellentoptiontosavesomemoney.Italsoadjustsourmonthlybudgetforotheractivities,butthetruthisthatthistypeoftransportisalsomuchbettersuitedtoimprovethetrafficconditionsofcities.____18____Practicallyspeakingmanytimes,weseeheavytrafficbutuponfurtherfindingwewouldseemanycarswithonlyonepassengerinit.Ratherthanbeingaloneinaheavytrafficsituation,whynothavepassengers?____19____Atthesametime,youcanalsohaveamazingconversations.Spendingontransportationispartofwhatweconsidertobefixedexpensesinafamily,whethertomovetowork,tostudyorsimplybecauseweliveinareasfarawayfromthelargeurbancenters.____20____It’sspeciallyfitforthosewhowanttospendlessonfuelorwouldlovetohaveaneco-friendlyapproachfortheenvironment.A.Carpoolingisalsofitforlongroutes.B.Thathelpsyoureduceyourfuelcost.C.However,nowadaysitisabitdifferent.D.Eachpassengercantravelforareducedcost.E.Intoday’sdigitaltimeweareconstantlyconnected.F.Inthesesituations,carsharingbecomesanexcellentoption.G.Moreover,itimprovestheenvironmentsinceitmeanslesscars.【答案】16C17.E18.G19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了隨著拼車軟件的普及，現(xiàn)在拼車越來越流行，拼車不僅降低出行成本，而且對環(huán)境也有好處?！?6題詳解】C選項(xiàng)“然而，如今情況有所不同?！迸c上文“Inthepast,fewofuswouldgotothecompanyorworkplacetogether.(在過去，我們中很少有人會一起去公司或工作場所)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文“Weshareacareverydaywithpeoplewhomwedonotknowanythingabout.(我們每天與我們并不了解的人共享一輛車)”講現(xiàn)在大家愿意拼車的現(xiàn)象。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由下文“Itmakespracticalsensetousetoolsatourhandstoconnectwithpeoplewhowouldliketosharecarstogether.Toolslikemobileappshelpcontributetosharingoptions.(使用我們手中的工具與希望共享汽車的人建立聯(lián)系是有實(shí)際意義的。移動應(yīng)用程序等工具有助于共享選項(xiàng))”可知，此段主要講述如今的數(shù)字技術(shù)非常有利于拼車，E選項(xiàng)“在今天的數(shù)字時(shí)代，我們不斷地聯(lián)系在一起?！鼻蓄}。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】由上文“Italsoadjustsourmonthlybudgetforotheractivities,butthetruthisthatthistypeoftransportisalsomuchbettersuitedtoimprovethetrafficconditionsofcities.(它還調(diào)整了我們每月的其他活動預(yù)算，但事實(shí)是，這種交通方式也更適合改善城市的交通狀況)”可知，G選項(xiàng)“此外，它改善了環(huán)境，因?yàn)樗馕吨俚钠??！背薪由衔闹v拼車對城市的好處。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由上文“Ratherthanbeingaloneinaheavytrafficsituation,whynothavepassengers?(與其在交通擁擠的情況下獨(dú)自一人，為什么不多些乘客呢)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“這有助于降低燃油成本。”承接上文講交通擁堵情況下，你與他人拼車的好處，該空和下文“Atthesametime,youcanalsohaveamazingconversations.(同時(shí)，你也可以進(jìn)行精彩的對話)”是并列關(guān)系，都在講拼車的好處。故選B項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】由上文“Spendingontransportationispartofwhatweconsidertobefixedexpensesinafamily,whethertomovetowork,tostudyorsimplybecauseweliveinareasfarawayfromthelargeurbancenters.(交通開支是我們認(rèn)為家庭固定開支的一部分，無論是工作、學(xué)習(xí)，還是僅僅因?yàn)槲覀兙幼≡谶h(yuǎn)離大城市中心的地區(qū))”和下文“It’sspeciallyfitforthosewhowanttospendlessonfuelorwouldlovetohaveaneco-friendlyapproachfortheenvironment.(它特別適合那些希望在燃料上花費(fèi)更少或希望采用環(huán)保方法的人)”可知，對于工作、學(xué)習(xí)或居住區(qū)遠(yuǎn)的人來說，拼車是個(gè)好選擇，有諸多好處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“在這些情況下，汽車共享成為一個(gè)很好的選擇?！鼻蓄}。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myjobistohelpclientsfindjobsandreturntoschoolfortraining.Oneday,aladycametomyofficewithadreamtobecomearegisterednurse.However,herfamilydidnot____21____.Withyoungchildrentocareforandherhusbandunemployed,shesimplydidn’thavethe____22____toreturntoschool.Itwasclearthatthisladyhada(n)____23____forthenursingprofession,soIencouragedhertorealizeherdream.I____24____herwithnecessaryinformationtoapplyfornursingschool.Sheleftmyoffice,andInever___25___whethershefollowedherdreamornot.Manyyearslater,Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)withbreastcancer.Iwas____26____tohospital.Thesurgerywassuccessful.Itwas,____27____,verypainful.ThoughI____28____myselfonnotbeingabellringer,onenightthepainwasso____29____thatIhadtocallforanurse.Irangthebellandwaitedfor_____30_____.Anursecamethroughthedoorandofferedtohelp.I_____31_____thankedherforcomingtomyrescue.Isaid,“Iamnotusuallylikethis.”Tomy_____32_____,shesaid,“Oh,Iknowthat,Mrs.Bryenton.”It_____33_____thatshewasjusttheladywhoIhadencouragedtofollowherdreamyearsbefore.Shesubsequently(隨后)returnedtoschoolforupgradingandlater____34____nursing.Youneverknowwhat_____35_____yourencouragingwordswillhaveonsomeone.Itisamazingthatmanyofmyclientswould_____36_____tosaythankstome.Tothisday,Iamstill_______37_______bystrangersinthestreetandremindedthatIwasinstrumental(起重要作用)in_____38_____theirlife.Itrulybelievewemakea_____39_____bywhatweget,butwemakeawonderfullifebywhatwe_____40_____.21.A.approve B.respond C.care D.decline22.A.qualities B.means C.right D.invitation23.A.talent B.experience C.passion D.ability24.A.compared B.occupied C.charged D.equipped25.A.imagined B.considered C.knew D.expected26.A.exposed B.refused C.admitted D.referred27.A.instead B.however C.therefore D.otherwise28.A.prided B.depended C.concentrated D.impressed29.A.sharp B.constant C.slight D.mild30.A.consultation B.sympathy C.assessment D.assistance31.A.dynamically B.apologetically C.shyly D.crucially32.A.delight B.relief C.disappointment D.amazement33.A.turnedout B.turnedup C.cameout D.cameup34.A.dismissed B.evaluated C.appliedfor D.accountedfor35.A.hardship B.impact C.emphasis D.mercy36.A.recover B.return C.register D.recommend37.A.chased B.appointed C.valued D.approached38.A.extending B.building C.changing D.supporting39.A.mistake B.promise C.living D.decision40.A.cherish B.sacrifice C.anticipate D.give【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.C26.C27.B28.A29.A30.D31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B36.B37.D38.C39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了作者作為職業(yè)規(guī)劃師，在幫助他人的同時(shí)也獲得了他人的尊重?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她的家人不同意。A.approve贊同；B.respond回應(yīng)；C.care在意；D.decline下降。根據(jù)下文“Withyoungchildrentocareforandherhusbandunemployed”可知，她的家庭需要照料，所以家人不同意。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她有年幼的孩子要照顧，丈夫也失業(yè)了，她根本沒有辦法重返學(xué)校。A.qualities質(zhì)量；B.means方法；C.right權(quán)力；D.invitation邀請。根據(jù)上文“Withyoungchildrentocareforandherhusbandunemployed”可知，家里的問題太多，她沒辦法重返學(xué)校。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，這位女士對護(hù)理職業(yè)很有激情，所以我鼓勵(lì)她去實(shí)現(xiàn)她的夢想。A.talent天賦；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.passion激情；D.ability能力。根據(jù)下文“soIencouragedhertorealizeherdream”可知，正是她對護(hù)士這份工作充滿激情，我才鼓勵(lì)她實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我為她提供了申請護(hù)士學(xué)校的必要資料。A.compared比較；B.occupied占據(jù)；C.charged充電；D.equipped裝備，配備。根據(jù)上文“soIencouragedhertorealizeherdream”可知，我鼓勵(lì)她實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想，并幫她準(zhǔn)備好了所需要的資料。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她離開了我的辦公室，我不知道她是否追隨了自己的夢想。A.imagined想象；B.considered考慮；C.knew知道；D.expected期待。根據(jù)下文“whethershefollowedherdreamornot”可知，我并不知道她是否去追逐了自己的夢想。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。A.exposed暴露；B.refused拒絕；C.admitted允許進(jìn)入；D.referred涉及。根據(jù)上文“Manyyearslater,Iwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer”可知，我被診斷出患有乳腺癌，所以被送往了醫(yī)院。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這是非常痛苦的。A.instead相反地；B.however然而；C.therefore因此；D.otherwise否則。根據(jù)上文“Thesurgerywassuccessful”以及下文“painful”可知，此處存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我為自己不按鈴呼叫而感到自豪，但一天晚上，疼痛如此劇烈，我不得不叫護(hù)士。A.prided以……自豪；B.depended依靠；C.concentrated專注；D.impressed給……留下印象。根據(jù)下文“notbeingabellringer”可知，作者為自己沒有按鈴感到驕傲。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上一題。A.sharp劇烈的；B.constant一直的；C.slight輕微的；D.mild溫和的。根據(jù)下文“Ihadtocallforanurse”可知，作者非常疼痛，從而按了鈴。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我按了鈴，等待幫助。A.consultation咨詢；B.sympathy同情；C.assessment評估；D.assistance援助。根據(jù)上文“Ihadtocallforanurse”可知，作者疼痛難忍，按鈴是為了得到護(hù)士的救助。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我很抱歉地感謝她來救我。A.dynamically動態(tài)地；B.apologetically抱歉地；C.shyly害羞地；D.crucially重要地。根據(jù)上文“Anursecamethroughthedoorandofferedtohelp”可知，作者向護(hù)士尋求幫助，所以心懷愧疚從而感到抱歉。故選B。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，她說:“哦，我知道，布萊頓太太。”A.delight高興；B.relief寬慰；C.disappointment失望；D.amazement驚訝。根據(jù)下文“Oh,Iknowthat,Mrs.Bryenton”可知，當(dāng)護(hù)士叫出我名字的時(shí)候我感到非常驚訝。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，她正是我多年前鼓勵(lì)她追逐夢想的那位女士。A.turnedout證實(shí)是；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.cameout出版；D.cameup走近。根據(jù)下文“shewasjusttheladywhoIhadencouragedtofollowherdreamyearsbefore”可知，結(jié)果她就是多年前鼓勵(lì)的那個(gè)護(hù)士。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞、動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她隨后回到學(xué)校進(jìn)修，后來又申請了護(hù)士專業(yè)。A.dismissed解雇；B.evaluated評估；C.appliedfor申請；D.accountedfor占比。根據(jù)上文“I____4____herwithnecessaryinformationtoapplyfornursingschoo