公共英語備考四級試題閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練

公共英語備考四級試題閱讀模擬訓(xùn)練Asregardssocialconventions,wemustsayawordaboutthewell-knownEnglishclasssystem.『ThisisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishpeople,andonetheytendtobeashamedof,thoughduringthepresentcenturyclass-consciousnesshasgrownlessandless,andtheclasssystemlessrigid.』①Butitstillexistsbelowthesurface.Broadlyspeaking,itmeanstherearetwoclasses,the“middleclass”andthe“workingclass”.(Weshallignoreforamomenttheold“upperclass”,includingthehereditaryaristocracy,sinceitisextremelysmallinnumbers;butsomeofitsmembershavetherighttositintheHouseofLords,andsomenewspaperstakeasurprisinginterestintheirprivatelife.)Themiddleclassconsistschieflyofwell-to-dobusinessmenandprofessionalpeopleofallkinds.Theworkingclassconsistschieflyofmanualandunskilledworkers.Themostobviousdifferencebetweenthemisintheiraccent.Middle-classpeopleuseslightlyvaryingkindsof“receivedpronunciation”whichisthekindofEnglishspokenbyBBCannouncersandtaughttooverseaspupils.Typicalworking-classpeoplespeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentswhicharegenerallyfelttoberatheruglyanduneducated.OneofthebiggestbarriersofsocialequalityinEnglandisthetwo-classeducationsystem.Tohavebeentoaso-called“publicschool”immediatelymarksyououtasoneofthemiddleclass.Themiddleclassestendtoliveamoreformallifethanworking-classpeople,andareusuallymorecultured.Theirmiddaymealis“l(fā)unch”andtheyhavearatherformaleveningmealcalled“dinner”,whereastheworkingman’sdinner,ifhisworkinghourspermit,isatmidday,andhissmaller,late-eveningmealiscalledsupper.Aswehavesaid,however,theclasssystemismuchlessrigidthanitwas,andforalongtimeithasbeengovernmentpolicytoreduceclassdistinctions.『Working-classstudentsverycommonlyreceiveauniversityeducationandentertheprofessions,andworking-classincomeshavegrownsomuchrecentlythatthedistinctionsbetweenthetwoclassesarebecominglessandlessclear.』②However,regardlessofone’ssocialstatus,certainstandardsofpolitenessareexpectedofeverybody,andawell-bredpersonispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalabourerwiththesamerespecthegivesanimportantbusinessman.Servilityinspiresbothembarrassmentanddislike.Eventheword“sir”,exceptinschoolandincertainoccupations(merce,thearmyetc.)soundstooserviletobecommonlyused.1.Themiddleclassmainlyreferstopeople.A.whowerebornasaristocratB.whohavetherighttositintheHouseofLordsC.whospeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentsD.whoareprosperousbusinessmenorwhoworkinsomeprofessions2.ThemostobviousdifferencebetweentheworkingclassandthemiddleclassinEnglishistheir.A.dressB.workC.accentD.meal3.Whyisn’ttheword“sir”commonlyusedinBritain?A.Becauseitsoundstooservileandislikelytocauseembarrassment.B.Becauseitcanonlybeusedinsomecertainoccupations.C.Becauseitisanimpoliteword.D.Becauseitshowsthatthespeakerisnotawell-bredperson.4.The“upperclass”inEnglandtoday.A.areextremelysmallinnumbersothatmediapaysnoattentiontothemB.stillusesoldwordslike“Sir”intheireverydaylifeC.includesthehereditaryaristocracyD.refersonlytotheroyalfamily5.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheEnglishclasssystem?A.ItisanembarrassingsubjectforEnglishpeople.B.Working-classstudentscannotreceiveauniversityeducation.C.Theclasssystemismuchlessrigidthanitwas.D.Theclasssystemstillexistsbelowthesurface.Vocabulary1.conventionn.習(xí)俗2.embarrassv.使困窘3.rigidadj.嚴(yán)格4.hereditaryadj.世襲的5.manualadj.體力的6.accentn.口音7.receivedpronunciationadj.(英語的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)音8.well-bredadj.有教養(yǎng)的9.servilityn.卑屈10.occupationn.職業(yè)難句解析①【解析】這是一個復(fù)合句，主句由“and”引導(dǎo)的兩個并列句組成，“though”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，也是由兩個并列的句子組成?！咀g文】盡管本世紀(jì)等級意識越來越淡，等級制度也越來越不嚴(yán)格，但對于英國人來說它仍是一個尷尬的話題，仍舊引以為恥。②【解析】這是一個復(fù)合句，由“and”引導(dǎo)的兩個并列句組成，“so…that”作“grown”的狀語?！咀g文】勞工家庭中的孩子上大學(xué)成為非常平常的事情，此后他們也加入各種專業(yè)行當(dāng)。勞工階層的`工資近來也快速增長，使得兩個階層間的界線越來越模糊。答案與詳解【短文大意】本文主要講述英國等級意識雖然越來越淡，但在表層下，等級仍然存在。而“階層”的最大區(qū)別是他們的口音。1.D細(xì)節(jié)題。意為“那些比較富裕的生意人或有一定的職業(yè)的人”。見第一段的倒數(shù)第二句：中產(chǎn)階級主要包括富裕的生意人和有一定的職業(yè)的人。所以正確答案應(yīng)該是D。2.C細(xì)節(jié)題。意為“口音”。見第二段的第一句：他們之間最明顯的區(qū)別是他們的口音。所以正確答案應(yīng)該是C。3.A推斷題。意為“因?yàn)樗犉饋硖^謙卑，很可能會引起尷尬”。見文章的最后兩句：謙卑會引起尷尬和不悅。甚至像“先生”這樣的詞，