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奧巴馬2016國(guó)情咨文演講(雙語(yǔ)全文)PresidentObama'sfinalstateoftheUnionaddress(感謝中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào))Mr.Speaker,Mr.VicePresident,MembersofCongress,myfellowAmericans:

議長(zhǎng)先生、副總統(tǒng)先生、各位國(guó)會(huì)議員和美國(guó)同胞們:TonightmarkstheeighthyearI'vecomeheretoreportontheStateoftheUnion.Andforthisfinalone,I'mgoingtotrytomakeitshorter.IknowsomeofyouareantsytogetbacktoIowa.

今晚是我在這里做國(guó)情咨文的第八個(gè)年頭,也是最后一次。我將盡量簡(jiǎn)而言之。我知道你們中有些人急著回愛荷華州(譯者注:兩黨黨內(nèi)預(yù)選進(jìn)行地)。Ialsounderstandthatbecauseit'sanelectionseason,expectationsforwhatwe'llachievethisyeararelow.Still,Mr.Speaker,Iappreciatetheconstructiveapproachyouandtheotherleaderstookattheendoflastyeartopassabudgetandmaketaxcutspermanentforworkingfamilies.SoIhopewecanworktogetherthisyearonbipartisanprioritieslikecriminaljusticereform,andhelpingpeoplewhoarebattlingprescriptiondrugabuse.Wejustmightsurprisethecynicsagain.

我也理解此時(shí)正當(dāng)大選之季,因此公眾對(duì)我們今年成就的期望并不高。但是,議長(zhǎng)先生,您以及其他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人去年年末通過(guò)了建設(shè)性的預(yù)算決議,使得工薪家庭減稅計(jì)劃能夠長(zhǎng)久實(shí)施下去,我對(duì)此深表感激。因此我衷心希望今年兩黨能夠在一些重要事務(wù)上同心協(xié)作,比如,推行刑事司法改革,幫助那些與處方藥濫用行為抗?fàn)幍娜藗儭N覀兒芸赡軙?huì)讓質(zhì)疑者們?cè)俅未蟪砸惑@。Buttonight,Iwanttogoeasyonthetraditionallistofproposalsfortheyearahead.Don'tworry,I'vegotplenty,fromhelpingstudentslearntowritecomputercodetopersonalizingmedicaltreatmentsforpatients.AndI'llkeeppushingforprogressontheworkthatstillneedsdoing.Fixingabrokenimmigrationsystem.Protectingourkidsfromgunviolence.Equalpayforequalwork,paidleave,raisingtheminimumwage.Allthesethingsstillmattertohardworkingfamilies;theyarestilltherightthingtodo;andIwillnotletupuntiltheygetdone.

但在今晚,我打算少談些像往年那樣的發(fā)展計(jì)劃。別擔(dān)心,我還是有很多計(jì)劃要談,比如,幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)編寫計(jì)算機(jī)代碼,以及對(duì)病人進(jìn)行個(gè)性化治療。我將繼續(xù)推動(dòng)這些未竟事業(yè)的進(jìn)步。完善有漏洞的移民體系。保護(hù)我們的孩子們免遭槍械暴力。繼續(xù)推行同工同酬及帶薪休假,并提高最低工資水平。所有的這一切對(duì)于努力工作的家庭們來(lái)說(shuō)依然至關(guān)重要;這些仍是我們要做的對(duì)的事情。我絕不會(huì)放松這些工作,直至他們完成為止。Butformyfinaladdresstothischamber,Idon'twanttotalkjustaboutthenextyear.Iwanttofocusonthenextfiveyears,tenyears,andbeyond.

但這是我最后一次在此發(fā)表講話,我不想只談?wù)搧?lái)年的事宜。我想關(guān)注今后的五年、十年,甚至更久遠(yuǎn)的事情。Iwanttofocusonourfuture.

我更關(guān)注我們的未來(lái)。Weliveinatimeofextraordinarychange–changethat'sreshapingthewaywelive,thewaywework,ourplanetandourplaceintheworld.It'schangethatpromisesamazingmedicalbreakthroughs,butalsoeconomicdisruptionsthatstrainworkingfamilies.Itpromiseseducationforgirlsinthemostremotevillages,butalsoconnectsterroristsplottinganoceanaway.It'schangethatcanbroadenopportunity,orwideninequality.Andwhetherwelikeitornot,thepaceofthischangewillonlyaccelerate.

我們生活在一個(gè)充滿巨變的時(shí)代,這場(chǎng)巨變改變了我們的生活、工作方式,改變了我們的星球和我們?cè)谑澜缟系牡匚?。這種巨變預(yù)示著醫(yī)學(xué)將出現(xiàn)重大突破,也會(huì)帶來(lái)困擾著工薪家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩。它為生活在邊遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)的女孩們帶去教育的希望,卻也使遠(yuǎn)距重洋的恐怖分子得以串通一氣策劃陰謀。這場(chǎng)巨變能夠帶來(lái)機(jī)遇,也會(huì)擴(kuò)大不公。無(wú)論我們喜歡與否,這場(chǎng)巨變的進(jìn)度只會(huì)越來(lái)越快。Americahasbeenthroughbigchangesbefore–warsanddepression,theinfluxofimmigrants,workersfightingforafairdeal,andmovementstoexpandcivilrights.Eachtime,therehavebeenthosewhotoldustofearthefuture;whoclaimedwecouldslamthebrakesonchange,promisingtorestorepastgloryifwejustgotsomegrouporideathatwasthreateningAmericaundercontrol.Andeachtime,weovercamethosefears.Wedidnot,inthewordsofLincoln,adheretothe"dogmasofthequietpast."Insteadwethoughtanew,andactedanew.Wemadechangeworkforus,alwaysextendingAmerica'spromiseoutward,tothenextfrontier,tomoreandmorepeople.Andbecausewedid–becausewesawopportunitywhereotherssawonlyperil–weemergedstrongerandbetterthanbefore.

美國(guó)曾經(jīng)歷過(guò)種種巨變——戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),蕭條,移民涌入,工人運(yùn)動(dòng),以及民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)。每一次,總有人告訴我們要畏懼未來(lái)。每當(dāng)美國(guó)受到某些組織或者言論威脅,將要失控,這些人就告訴我們要停止變革,并承諾恢復(fù)往日的輝煌。但每一次,我們都能夠克服恐懼。用林肯的話來(lái)說(shuō),我們并未遵循“平靜的過(guò)去時(shí)代的信條”。相反地,我們能夠用新的思維思考,以新的方式行事。我們巧妙地利用變化,始終將美國(guó)的潛力擴(kuò)展至更廣闊的前沿,惠及更多的民眾。正緣于此——因?yàn)樗搜壑械娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)在我們看來(lái)是機(jī)遇——我們變得比以前更強(qiáng)更好。Whatwastruethencanbetruenow.Ouruniquestrengthsasanation–ouroptimismandworkethic,ourspiritofdiscoveryandinnovation,ourdiversityandcommitmenttotheruleoflaw–thesethingsgiveuseverythingweneedtoensureprosperityandsecurityforgenerationstocome.

過(guò)去的真理,現(xiàn)在亦未曾改變。我們的樂觀主義與職業(yè)道德,我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與創(chuàng)新精神,我們種族多樣化和法治信條,這些都是我們作為一個(gè)國(guó)家所擁有的獨(dú)一無(wú)二的優(yōu)點(diǎn),使我們具備了世代繁榮昌盛、國(guó)泰民安的一切條件。Infact,it'sthatspiritthatmadetheprogressofthesepastsevenyearspossible.It'showwerecoveredfromtheworsteconomiccrisisingenerations.It'showwereformedourhealthcaresystem,andreinventedourenergysector;howwedeliveredmorecareandbenefitstoourtroopsandveterans,andhowwesecuredthefreedomineverystatetomarrythepersonwelove.

事實(shí)上,正因有了這種精神力量,我們過(guò)去七年才可能取得進(jìn)步。它使我們得以從幾代以來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)中恢復(fù);是我們改革醫(yī)療體系、改造能源部門的動(dòng)力;保證了我們給予軍人和老兵更多關(guān)心和福利。也正因?yàn)榇?,我們能夠讓每個(gè)州的人都獲得了與所愛的人結(jié)婚的自由。Butsuchprogressisnotinevitable.Itistheresultofchoiceswemaketogether.Andwefacesuchchoicesrightnow.Willwerespondtothechangesofourtimewithfear,turninginwardasanation,andturningagainsteachotherasapeople?Orwillwefacethefuturewithconfidenceinwhoweare,whatwestandfor,andtheincrediblethingswecandotogether?

但是,這些進(jìn)步并不是注定會(huì)發(fā)生的,而是我們共同選擇的結(jié)果。我們當(dāng)下正面臨著這樣的選擇。面對(duì)時(shí)代的變化,我們是將以恐懼對(duì)之,閉門造車,各自為戰(zhàn)?還是自我肯定,堅(jiān)持立場(chǎng),相信我們能共創(chuàng)奇跡?Solet'stalkaboutthefuture,andfourbigquestionsthatweasacountryhavetoanswer–regardlessofwhothenextPresidentis,orwhocontrolsthenextCongress.

讓我們先來(lái)談?wù)勎磥?lái),以及美國(guó)需要回答的四個(gè)大問題——無(wú)論下一屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng)是誰(shuí),無(wú)論哪個(gè)黨派掌控國(guó)會(huì)。First,howdowegiveeveryoneafairshotatopportunityandsecurityinthisneweconomy?

首先,我們?nèi)绾卧谛陆?jīng)濟(jì)中給每個(gè)人公平的機(jī)會(huì)和保障?Second,howdowemaketechnologyworkforus,andnotagainstus–especiallywhenitcomestosolvingurgentchallengeslikeclimatechange?

第二,我們?nèi)绾巫尲夹g(shù)為我們服務(wù),而不是與我們對(duì)抗——尤其是面臨氣候變化這樣急需應(yīng)對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候?Third,howdowekeepAmericasafeandleadtheworldwithoutbecomingitspoliceman?

第三,我們?nèi)绾伪U厦绹?guó)的安全,同時(shí),在不充當(dāng)世界警察的前提下,引領(lǐng)整個(gè)世界?Andfinally,howcanwemakeourpoliticsreflectwhat'sbestinus,andnotwhat'sworst?

最后,我們?nèi)绾沃贫ㄕ撸蛊浞从吵雒绹?guó)的好,而不是美國(guó)的惡?Letmestartwiththeeconomy,andabasicfact:theUnitedStatesofAmerica,rightnow,hasthestrongest,mostdurableeconomyintheworld.We'reinthemiddleofthelongeststreakofprivate-sectorjobcreationinhistory.Morethan14millionnewjobs;thestrongesttwoyearsofjobgrowthsincethe'90s;anunemploymentratecutinhalf.Ourautoindustryjusthaditsbestyearever.Manufacturinghascreatednearly900,000newjobsinthepastsixyears.Andwe'vedoneallthiswhilecuttingourdeficitsbyalmostthree-quarters.

我先說(shuō)說(shuō)經(jīng)濟(jì),基本的事實(shí)是這樣的:現(xiàn)在,在全球范圍內(nèi),美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)是最為強(qiáng)大且堅(jiān)固的??v觀歷史,我們現(xiàn)在處于私營(yíng)部門連續(xù)創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)最長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)期中。我們創(chuàng)造了逾1400萬(wàn)個(gè)新的就業(yè)崗位;這是自20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)最為強(qiáng)勁的兩年;失業(yè)率下降了一半。汽車行業(yè)也創(chuàng)造了最輝煌的一年。在過(guò)去的六年里,制造業(yè)創(chuàng)造了將近90萬(wàn)個(gè)新的就業(yè)崗位。而且,我們?cè)谌〉眠@些成績(jī)的同時(shí),還將赤字減少了近四分之三.AnyoneclaimingthatAmerica'seconomyisindeclineispeddlingfiction.Whatistrue–andthereasonthatalotofAmericansfeelanxious–isthattheeconomyhasbeenchanginginprofoundways,changesthatstartedlongbeforetheGreatRecessionhitandhaven'tletup.Today,technologydoesn'tjustreplacejobsontheassemblyline,butanyjobwhereworkcanbeautomated.Companiesinaglobaleconomycanlocateanywhere,andfacetoughercompetition.Asaresult,workershavelessleverageforaraise.Companieshavelessloyaltytotheircommunities.Andmoreandmorewealthandincomeisconcentratedattheverytop.

任何聲稱美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正在衰落的說(shuō)法都是在傳播虛構(gòu)事實(shí)。實(shí)際情況——同時(shí)也是許多美國(guó)人感到焦慮的原因——是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正在經(jīng)歷巨大變革,而且這變革早在大蕭條發(fā)生之前就已經(jīng)開始,到現(xiàn)在還沒有結(jié)束。今天,能夠被高科技取代的工作崗位并不僅限于生產(chǎn)線,還包括任何可以實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化的崗位。在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化中,公司可以落戶于世界任何地方,也會(huì)面臨更加激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。其結(jié)果是,雇員要求加薪的籌碼變少。公司對(duì)其所在群體的忠誠(chéng)度更低。同時(shí),越來(lái)越多的財(cái)富和收入積聚到社會(huì)頂層階級(jí)手中。Allthesetrendshavesqueezedworkers,evenwhentheyhavejobs;evenwhentheeconomyisgrowing.It'smadeitharderforahardworkingfamilytopullitselfoutofpoverty,harderforyoungpeopletostartontheircareers,andtougherforworkerstoretirewhentheywantto.AndalthoughnoneofthesetrendsareuniquetoAmerica,theydooffendouruniquelyAmericanbeliefthateverybodywhoworkshardshouldgetafairshot.

這些變化趨勢(shì)擠壓了雇員的生存空間,即使他們擁有工作,即使美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一直在增長(zhǎng)。工薪家庭想要通過(guò)努力工作,擺脫貧困,年輕人想要開創(chuàng)自己的事業(yè),雇員想要適時(shí)退休,都已經(jīng)不太容易。雖然面臨這些變革的不只有美國(guó),但是這些的確違背了獨(dú)有的美國(guó)式信念,那就是,任何努力工作的人都應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)玫焦酱?。Forthepastsevenyears,ourgoalhasbeenagrowingeconomythatworksbetterforeverybody.We'vemadeprogress.Butweneedtomakemore.Anddespiteallthepoliticalargumentswe'vehadthesepastfewyears,therearesomeareaswhereAmericansbroadlyagree.

在過(guò)去的七年中,我們的目標(biāo)一直都是,保持經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),以造福每一個(gè)人。我們已經(jīng)取得了一些進(jìn)步。但是,我們需要繼續(xù)努力。盡管在過(guò)去的一些年中,我們有過(guò)許多政治上的爭(zhēng)論,但是在一些領(lǐng)域,我們?nèi)〉昧似毡榈墓沧R(shí)。WeagreethatrealopportunityrequireseveryAmericantogettheeducationandtrainingtheyneedtolandagood-payingjob.ThebipartisanreformofNoChildLeftBehindwasanimportantstart,andtogether,we'veincreasedearlychildhoodeducation,liftedhighschoolgraduationratestonewhighs,andboostedgraduatesinfieldslikeengineering.Inthecomingyears,weshouldbuildonthatprogress,byprovidingPre-Kforall,offeringeverystudentthehands-oncomputerscienceandmathclassesthatmakethemjob-readyondayone,andweshouldrecruitandsupportmoregreatteachersforourkids.

我們一致認(rèn)為,真正的機(jī)會(huì)在于每一個(gè)美國(guó)人都能獲得能夠必要的教育及培訓(xùn),讓他們能夠勝任一份收入理想的工作?!安蛔屢粋€(gè)孩子掉隊(duì)”的兩黨改革政策,就是一個(gè)重要的開端,同時(shí),我們加強(qiáng)了兒童早期教育,進(jìn)一步提高了高中畢業(yè)率,使工程學(xué)等專業(yè)畢業(yè)生得以增長(zhǎng)。未來(lái),我們要以這些成績(jī)?yōu)榛A(chǔ),通過(guò)普及全民早教,讓所有學(xué)生都接受計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)踐和數(shù)學(xué)課程培訓(xùn),為他們將來(lái)步入職場(chǎng)做好準(zhǔn)備。同時(shí),我們要為孩子們招錄更多優(yōu)秀的教師,并給予這些教師更好的待遇。AndwehavetomakecollegeaffordableforeveryAmerican.Becausenohardworkingstudentshouldbestuckinthered.We'vealreadyreducedstudentloanpaymentstotenpercentofaborrower'sincome.Now,we'veactuallygottocutthecostofcollege.Providingtwoyearsofcommunitycollegeatnocostforeveryresponsiblestudentisoneofthebestwaystodothat,andI'mgoingtokeepfightingtogetthatstartedthisyear.

同時(shí),我們要讓每個(gè)美國(guó)人都能上得起大學(xué)。因?yàn)?,勤奮的學(xué)生不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樨毨П粨踉谛iT之外。我們已經(jīng)將助學(xué)貸款的還款額降至借款人收入的10%。接下來(lái),我們需要降低大學(xué)費(fèi)用。兩年制的社區(qū)大學(xué)將為每一位有責(zé)任感的學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)教育,這是降低大學(xué)費(fèi)用最理想的方式之一。我會(huì)不斷努力讓這個(gè)方案在今年啟動(dòng)。Ofcourse,agreateducationisn'tallweneedinthisneweconomy.Wealsoneedbenefitsandprotectionsthatprovideabasicmeasureofsecurity.Afterall,it'snotmuchofastretchtosaythatsomeoftheonlypeopleinAmericawhoaregoingtoworkthesamejob,inthesameplace,withahealthandretirementpackage,for30years,aresittinginthischamber.Foreveryoneelse,especiallyfolksintheirfortiesandfifties,savingforretirementorbouncingbackfromjoblosshasgottenalottougher.Americansunderstandthatatsomepointintheircareers,theymayhavetoretoolandretrain.Buttheyshouldn'tlosewhatthey'vealreadyworkedsohardtobuild.

當(dāng)然,在新經(jīng)濟(jì)中,我們所需要的不僅僅是優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育。我們還需要能夠提供基本生活保障的福利和保護(hù)措施。如果說(shuō)在座的各位,是美國(guó)為數(shù)不多的能夠在同一個(gè)地方從事同一份工作30年,還能獲得健康和養(yǎng)老保障的人,也不算夸張。而對(duì)于其他人,特別是四五十歲的美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō),為退休后的生存點(diǎn)錢或是在失業(yè)后重振旗鼓,已經(jīng)越來(lái)越困難。大家都認(rèn)識(shí)到,在他們職業(yè)生涯的某個(gè)時(shí)刻,他們不得不重新接受培訓(xùn),重新學(xué)習(xí)技能。但是,他們不應(yīng)當(dāng)失去他們這么多年辛勤工作所獲得的東西。That'swhySocialSecurityandMedicarearemoreimportantthanever;weshouldn'tweakenthem,weshouldstrengthenthem.AndforAmericansshortofretirement,basicbenefitsshouldbejustasmobileaseverythingelseistoday.That'swhattheAffordableCareActisallabout.It'saboutfillingthegapsinemployer-basedcaresothatwhenweloseajob,orgobacktoschool,orstartthatnewbusiness,we'llstillhavecoverage.Nearlyeighteenmillionhavegainedcoveragesofar.Healthcareinflationhasslowed.Andourbusinesseshavecreatedjobseverysinglemonthsinceitbecamelaw.

這也是社會(huì)保障及醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度在今天尤為重要的原因;它們不該被弱化,而應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。對(duì)于退休年齡較晚的美國(guó)人,基本福利應(yīng)與當(dāng)今的其他事物一樣盡可能移動(dòng)化。這就是《平價(jià)醫(yī)療法案》的意義所在,這個(gè)法案旨在填補(bǔ)基于雇主的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)的空缺,我們失業(yè)、返校求學(xué)或創(chuàng)業(yè)時(shí),依然能享受醫(yī)療保障。目前為止,已有近1800萬(wàn)人受益。醫(yī)療費(fèi)用通脹也有所緩解。自法案實(shí)施起,我們的企業(yè)每個(gè)月都能創(chuàng)造新的工作崗位。Now,I'mguessingwewon'tagreeonhealthcareanytimesoon.Butthereshouldbeotherwaysbothpartiescanimproveeconomicsecurity.SayahardworkingAmericanloseshisjob–weshouldn'tjustmakesurehecangetunemploymentinsurance;weshouldmakesurethatprogramencourageshimtoretrainforabusinessthat'sreadytohirehim.Ifthatnewjobdoesn'tpayasmuch,thereshouldbeasystemofwageinsuranceinplacesothathecanstillpayhisbills.Andevenifhe'sgoingfromjobtojob,heshouldstillbeabletosaveforretirementandtakehissavingswithhim.That'sthewaywemaketheneweconomyworkbetterforeveryone.

我想我們?cè)诙唐趦?nèi)還無(wú)法就醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度達(dá)成共識(shí)。但兩黨可以在改進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)保障制度的問題上采取一些新的措施。假設(shè)一位辛勤工作的美國(guó)人丟了工作,我們不該僅僅確保他能獲得失業(yè)保險(xiǎn),而應(yīng)確保這個(gè)制度能夠支持他接受再培訓(xùn)以勝任新的工作。如果這份新工作的報(bào)酬不如上一份工作,那么就該有薪酬保障制度保證他能養(yǎng)活自己。即使他一直在換工作,也還能為退休儲(chǔ)蓄并能支配自己的積蓄。這就是我們讓大家更好地受益于新經(jīng)濟(jì)的方式。IalsoknowSpeakerRyanhastalkedabouthisinterestintacklingpoverty.Americaisaboutgivingeverybodywillingtoworkahandup,andI'dwelcomeaseriousdiscussionaboutstrategieswecanallsupport,likeexpandingtaxcutsforlow-incomeworkerswithoutkids.

我知道國(guó)會(huì)眾議院發(fā)言人保羅?瑞恩提到過(guò)他對(duì)解決貧困問題的看法。美國(guó)是一個(gè)會(huì)給每個(gè)愿意工作的人機(jī)會(huì)的國(guó)家,我歡迎大家提出可行性戰(zhàn)略,如為無(wú)子女低收入人群減稅的方案。Butthereareotherareaswhereit'sbeenmoredifficulttofindagreementoverthelastsevenyears–namelywhatrolethegovernmentshouldplayinmakingsurethesystem'snotriggedinfavorofthewealthiestandbiggestcorporations.Andhere,theAmericanpeoplehaveachoicetomake.

但在過(guò)去七年里還有其他難以達(dá)成一致的領(lǐng)域,比如,政府應(yīng)該扮演怎樣的角色,才能保證制度不向最富有的財(cái)團(tuán)和大公司傾斜。在此,美國(guó)人民需要做出選擇。Ibelieveathrivingprivatesectoristhelifebloodofoureconomy.Ithinkthereareoutdatedregulationsthatneedtobechanged,andthere'sredtapethatneedstobecut.Butafteryearsofrecordcorporateprofits,workingfamilieswon'tgetmoreopportunityorbiggerpaychecksbylettingbigbanksorbigoilorhedgefundsmaketheirownrulesattheexpenseofeveryoneelse;orbyallowingattacksoncollectivebargainingtogounanswered.FoodStamprecipientsdidn'tcausethefinancialcrisis;recklessnessonWallStreetdid.Immigrantsaren'tthereasonwageshaven'tgoneupenough;thosedecisionsaremadeintheboardroomsthattoooftenputquarterlyearningsoverlong-termreturns.It'ssurenottheaveragefamilywatchingtonightthatavoidspayingtaxesthroughoffshoreaccounts.Inthisneweconomy,workersandstart-upsandsmallbusinessesneedmoreofavoice,notless.Therulesshouldworkforthem.AndthisyearIplantoliftupthemanybusinesseswho'vefiguredoutthatdoingrightbytheirworkersendsupbeinggoodfortheirshareholders,theircustomers,andtheircommunities,sothatwecanspreadthosebestpracticesacrossAmerica.

蓬勃發(fā)展的私營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)是我們國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的命脈。我認(rèn)為,其有些過(guò)時(shí)的規(guī)則需要改變,有些繁文縟節(jié)需要摒棄。在企業(yè)連續(xù)多年利潤(rùn)破紀(jì)錄之后,如果讓大銀行、石油巨頭或?qū)_基金制定只對(duì)自己有利的規(guī)則,或者允許對(duì)集體談判的攻擊置之不理,工薪階層就無(wú)法獲得更多機(jī)會(huì)和更多薪水。引發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的不是那些領(lǐng)食物券的人,而是華爾街那些魯莽行事的人。移民人口不是阻礙薪酬上漲的原因;那些決議是由董事會(huì)的人提出的,他們經(jīng)常將季度分紅看得比長(zhǎng)期回報(bào)還重??梢钥隙ǖ氖?,正在看我演講的普通家庭不會(huì)通過(guò)離岸賬戶避稅。在新經(jīng)濟(jì)的形勢(shì)下,工人、新興企業(yè)和小型企業(yè)需要更多發(fā)言權(quán)。規(guī)則應(yīng)該使他們受益。今年,我計(jì)劃激勵(lì)那些善待工人的企業(yè),這些企業(yè)明白只有善待工人才能讓股東、顧客和所在群體最終受益,這樣我們才能在全美推行這種良策。Infact,manyofourbestcorporatecitizensarealsoourmostcreative.Thisbringsmetothesecondbigquestionwehavetoanswerasacountry:howdowereignitethatspiritofinnovationtomeetourbiggestchallenges?

事實(shí)上,我們有許多優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)公民都是極富創(chuàng)造力的。這也是美國(guó)要回答的第二個(gè)大問題:如何重燃創(chuàng)新精神,迎接重大挑戰(zhàn)?Sixtyyearsago,whentheRussiansbeatusintospace,wedidn'tdenySputnikwasupthere.Wedidn'targueaboutthescience,orshrinkourresearchanddevelopmentbudget.Webuiltaspaceprogramalmostovernight,andtwelveyearslater,wewerewalkingonthemoon.

六十年前,俄羅斯人發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星,在太空領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)先于我們,這點(diǎn)我們并未否認(rèn)。我們沒有就科學(xué)水平進(jìn)行爭(zhēng)論,或縮減我們的研發(fā)預(yù)算。我們?cè)诤芏痰臅r(shí)間內(nèi)制定了太空計(jì)劃,十二年后,我們已經(jīng)能在月球上行走。ThatspiritofdiscoveryisinourDNA.We'reThomasEdisonandtheWrightBrothersandGeorgeWashingtonCarver.We'reGraceHopperandKatherineJohnsonandSallyRide.We'reeveryimmigrantandentrepreneurfromBostontoAustintoSiliconValleyracingtoshapeabetterworld.Andoverthepastsevenyears,we'venurturedthatspirit.

探索精神存在于我們的基因里。我們是托馬斯?愛迪生、懷特兄弟、喬治?華盛頓?卡弗。我們是葛麗絲?霍普、凱瑟琳?約翰遜、莎莉?萊德。我們是從波士頓到奧斯丁再到硅谷的移民和企業(yè)家,我們力求建設(shè)更美好的世界。過(guò)去七年里,我們一直在培養(yǎng)這種精神。We'veprotectedanopeninternet,andtakenboldnewstepstogetmorestudentsandlow-incomeAmericansonline.We'velaunchednext-generationmanufacturinghubs,andonlinetoolsthatgiveanentrepreneureverythingheorsheneedstostartabusinessinasingleday.

我們保護(hù)了開放的互聯(lián)網(wǎng),我們邁出了大膽的一大步,讓更多學(xué)生和低收入者加入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)這個(gè)大家庭。我們已經(jīng)開始建設(shè)新一代制造業(yè)中心,我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)工具讓企業(yè)家在一天內(nèi)就能獲得創(chuàng)立一個(gè)企業(yè)所需的一切。Butwecandosomuchmore.Lastyear,VicePresidentBidensaidthatwithanewmoonshot,Americacancurecancer.Lastmonth,heworkedwiththisCongresstogivescientistsattheNationalInstitutesofHealththestrongestresourcesthey'vehadinoveradecade.Tonight,I'mannouncinganewnationalefforttogetitdone.Andbecausehe'sgonetothematforallofus,onsomanyissuesoverthepastfortyyears,I'mputtingJoeinchargeofMissionControl.Forthelovedoneswe'vealllost,forthefamilywecanstillsave,let'smakeAmericathecountrythatcurescanceronceandforall.

但是,我們能做的還不止這些。去年,副總統(tǒng)拜登曾說(shuō),要把治愈癌癥作為一項(xiàng)新的登月計(jì)劃去實(shí)現(xiàn)。上個(gè)月,他與國(guó)會(huì)通力合作,為國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院的科學(xué)家們提供了大量資源,這是10多年來(lái)科學(xué)家們獲得的最強(qiáng)有力的資源支持。今晚我宣布,我們將舉全國(guó)之力促成這項(xiàng)新計(jì)劃。在過(guò)去的40年里,喬為我們?cè)诒姸鄦栴}上竭盡心力,因此,我任命他主管這一抗癌計(jì)劃。為了我們已逝去的親人,為了我們還能拯救的家庭,我們應(yīng)該攜手,讓美國(guó)成為一個(gè)徹底攻克癌癥的國(guó)家。Medicalresearchiscritical.Weneedthesamelevelofcommitmentwhenitcomestodevelopingcleanenergysources.

醫(yī)學(xué)研究是重中之重。在發(fā)展清潔能源的問題上,我們同樣需要全力以赴。Look,ifanybodystillwantstodisputethesciencearoundclimatechange,haveatit.You'llbeprettylonely,becauseyou'llbedebatingourmilitary,mostofAmerica'sbusinessleaders,themajorityoftheAmericanpeople,almosttheentirescientificcommunity,and200nationsaroundtheworldwhoagreeit'saproblemandintendtosolveit.

如果你還要質(zhì)疑我們針對(duì)氣候變化進(jìn)行的科學(xué)研究,你可以試試。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孤立無(wú)援,因?yàn)檎驹谀銓?duì)面的是我們的軍方、絕大多數(shù)美國(guó)商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖、大多數(shù)美國(guó)民眾、幾乎整個(gè)科學(xué)界,以及全世界200個(gè)國(guó)家,這些國(guó)家都意識(shí)到了問題的嚴(yán)重性,想要著手解決它。Buteveniftheplanetwasn'tatstake;evenif2014wasn'tthewarmestyearonrecord–until2015turnedoutevenhotter–whywouldwewanttopassupthechanceforAmericanbusinessestoproduceandselltheenergyofthefuture?

就算我們的星球還沒到岌岌可危的地步,2014年也并非史上最熱的一年(因?yàn)?015年更熱),我們?yōu)槭裁匆艞壸屆绹?guó)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)并銷售未來(lái)能源的大好機(jī)會(huì)呢?Sevenyearsago,wemadethesinglebiggestinvestmentincleanenergyinourhistory.Herearetheresults.InfieldsfromIowatoTexas,windpowerisnowcheaperthandirtier,conventionalpower.OnrooftopsfromArizonatoNewYork,solarissavingAmericanstensofmillionsofdollarsayearontheirenergybills,andemploysmoreAmericansthancoal–injobsthatpaybetterthanaverage.We'retakingstepstogivehomeownersthefreedomtogenerateandstoretheirownenergy–somethingenvironmentalistsandTeaPartiershaveteameduptosupport.Meanwhile,we'vecutourimportsofforeignoilbynearlysixtypercent,andcutcarbonpollutionmorethananyothercountryonEarth.

七年前,我們?cè)谇鍧嵞茉搭I(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了美國(guó)歷史上最大規(guī)模的一次投資。成果如下:從愛荷華州到德克薩斯州,現(xiàn)在風(fēng)能比污染環(huán)境的傳統(tǒng)能源價(jià)格低廉。從亞利桑那州到紐約州,每年太陽(yáng)能為美國(guó)民眾減少了上千萬(wàn)美元的能源支出,同時(shí)創(chuàng)造了多于煤炭行業(yè)的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),并且這些就業(yè)的收入高于平均水平。我們正在逐步采取措施,讓每家每戶都可以生產(chǎn)并儲(chǔ)存自己的能源——環(huán)保主義者和茶黨人士正為此事通力合作,為家庭自產(chǎn)能源提供支持。同時(shí),我們的石油進(jìn)口量下降了近60%,減少的碳排放量居全球第一。Gasundertwobucksagallonain'tbad,either.

2美元1加侖的油價(jià)也不算貴。Nowwe'vegottoacceleratethetransitionawayfromdirtyenergy.Ratherthansubsidizethepast,weshouldinvestinthefuture–especiallyincommunitiesthatrelyonfossilfuels.That'swhyI'mgoingtopushtochangethewaywemanageouroilandcoalresources,sothattheybetterreflectthecoststheyimposeontaxpayersandourplanet.Thatway,weputmoneybackintothosecommunitiesandputtensofthousandsofAmericanstoworkbuildinga21stcenturytransportationsystem.

現(xiàn)在我們不得不加速實(shí)現(xiàn)從污染能源向清潔能源的過(guò)渡。我們不應(yīng)該補(bǔ)貼過(guò)去,而是應(yīng)該投資未來(lái)——尤其是在依賴化石燃料的社區(qū)。這就是我為什么要敦促改變石油和煤炭資源管理方式的原因,只有這樣才能更好地反映納稅人為此支付的稅款以及地球?yàn)榇烁冻龅拇鷥r(jià)。通過(guò)這種方式,我們把錢重新投入到這些社區(qū),讓成千上萬(wàn)的美國(guó)人一起構(gòu)建21世紀(jì)的交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)。Noneofthiswillhappenovernight,andyes,thereareplentyofentrenchedinterestswhowanttoprotectthestatusquo.Butthejobswe'llcreate,themoneywe'llsave,andtheplanetwe'llpreserve–that'sthekindoffutureourkidsandgrandkidsdeserve.

所有這一切都不是一蹴而就的。誠(chéng)然,還有許多既得利益者想要維持現(xiàn)狀。但是,改變現(xiàn)狀能讓我們創(chuàng)造新的就業(yè),節(jié)省更多資金,我們的星球也得到了保護(hù)——這種未來(lái)才是我們應(yīng)該留給后代子孫的。Climatechangeisjustoneofmanyissueswhereoursecurityislinkedtotherestoftheworld.Andthat'swhythethirdbigquestionwehavetoanswerishowtokeepAmericasafeandstrongwithouteitherisolatingourselvesortryingtonation-buildeverywherethere'saproblem.

在眾多問題上,我們的安全與世界緊密相關(guān),氣候變化只是其一。因此,我們需要回答的第三個(gè)大問題是:怎樣在不被孤立、不充當(dāng)世界警察的情況下,保持美國(guó)的安全和強(qiáng)大?ItoldyouearlierallthetalkofAmerica'seconomicdeclineispoliticalhotair.Well,soisalltherhetoricyouhearaboutourenemiesgettingstrongerandAmericagettingweaker.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthemostpowerfulnationonEarth.Period.It'snotevenclose.Wespendmoreonourmilitarythanthenexteightnationscombined.Ourtroopsarethefinestfightingforceinthehistoryoftheworld.Nonationdarestoattackusorouralliesbecausetheyknowthat'sthepathtoruin.SurveysshowourstandingaroundtheworldishigherthanwhenIwaselectedtothisoffice,andwhenitcomestoeveryimportantinternationalissue,peopleoftheworlddonotlooktoBeijingorMoscowtolead–theycallus.

剛才我說(shuō)了,所有認(rèn)為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的言論都是政治性的大話。所有你聽到的關(guān)于美國(guó)的敵人越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大、而美國(guó)卻越發(fā)虛弱的言論,都是逞口舌之能。美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)是世界上最強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家。無(wú)需其他任何廢話。而且我們還會(huì)一直強(qiáng)大下去。我們的軍費(fèi)投入比排在我們后面的八個(gè)國(guó)家的總和還多。我們的部隊(duì)是世界歷史上最精銳的戰(zhàn)斗力量。沒有任何國(guó)家敢攻擊美國(guó)或者美國(guó)的盟國(guó),因?yàn)樗麄冎滥鞘亲匀缤?。有調(diào)查顯示,目前美國(guó)的國(guó)際地位高于我當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)之初。當(dāng)重大國(guó)際問題出現(xiàn)時(shí),世界人民不會(huì)指望中國(guó)或俄羅斯來(lái)領(lǐng)頭解決,他們會(huì)找我們。Assomeonewhobeginseverydaywithanintelligencebriefing,Iknowthisisadangeroustime.Butthat'snotbecauseofdiminishedAmericanstrengthorsomeloomingsuperpower.Intoday'sworld,we'rethreatenedlessbyevilempiresandmorebyfailingstates.TheMiddleEastisgoingthroughatransformationthatwillplayoutforageneration,rootedinconflictsthatdatebackmillennia.EconomicheadwindsblowfromaChineseeconomyintransition.Evenastheireconomycontracts,RussiaispouringresourcestopropupUkraineandSyria–statestheyseeslippingawayfromtheirorbit.AndtheinternationalsystemwebuiltafterWorldWarIIisnowstrugglingtokeeppacewiththisnewreality.

我每天的工作從聽取情報(bào)簡(jiǎn)報(bào)開始,因此我知道現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)期。但這并不是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)力量的削弱,或者某個(gè)超級(jí)大國(guó)的崛起。在當(dāng)今世界,與其說(shuō)邪惡獨(dú)裁國(guó)對(duì)我們構(gòu)成威脅,不如說(shuō)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退國(guó)對(duì)我們的影響更大。中東正在經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)將持續(xù)二三十年的大變革,其發(fā)生的根源可追溯至一千年前的沖突。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型正在對(duì)我們產(chǎn)生沖擊。盡管面臨自身經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,俄羅斯依舊投入大量資源到烏克蘭和敘利亞——這兩個(gè)正脫離正常軌道的國(guó)家。二戰(zhàn)以后我們建立的國(guó)際體系如今難以適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)的需要。It'suptoustohelpremakethatsystem.Andthatmeanswehavetosetpriorities.

我們有責(zé)任重建國(guó)際體系。而這意味著,我們必須對(duì)事務(wù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)先排序。PrioritynumberoneisprotectingtheAmericanpeopleandgoingafterterroristnetworks.BothalQaedaandnowISILposeadirectthreattoourpeople,becauseintoday'sworld,evenahandfulofterroristswhoplacenovalueonhumanlife,includingtheirown,candoalotofdamage.TheyusetheInternettopoisonthemindsofindividualsinsideourcountry;theyundermineourallies.

美國(guó)政府的首要任務(wù)是保護(hù)美國(guó)人民,打擊恐怖主義網(wǎng)絡(luò)。基地組織和“伊斯蘭國(guó)”都直接威脅到美國(guó)人民的安全——在當(dāng)今世界,哪怕只有一小撮無(wú)視他人和自己生命的恐怖分子,也會(huì)造成巨大危害。他們利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)毒害美國(guó)境內(nèi)人們的思想;他們破壞我們和盟友的關(guān)系。ButaswefocusondestroyingISIL,over-the-topclaimsthatthisisWorldWarIIIjustplayintotheirhands.Massesoffightersonthebackofpickuptrucksandtwistedsoulsplottinginapartmentsorgaragesposeanenormousdangertociviliansandmustbestopped.Buttheydonotthreatenournationalexistence.That'sthestoryISILwantstotell;that'sthekindofpropagandatheyusetorecruit.Wedon'tneedtobuildthemuptoshowthatwe'reserious,nordoweneedtopushawayvitalalliesinthisfightbyechoingtheliethatISILisrepresentativeofoneoftheworld'slargestreligions.Wejustneedtocallthemwhattheyare–killersandfanaticswhohavetoberootedout,hunteddown,anddestroyed.

但當(dāng)我們集中精力消滅“伊斯蘭國(guó)”時(shí),卻有人言過(guò)其實(shí)地說(shuō)這是第三次世界大戰(zhàn)。這種說(shuō)法正中某些人下懷。許多武裝分子登上皮卡車,靈魂扭曲的人在公寓或車庫(kù)里謀劃著生命著——這些都對(duì)平民構(gòu)成巨大威脅,必須予以制止。但恐怖分子并沒有威脅到美國(guó)的“國(guó)家存在”。這就是“伊斯蘭國(guó)”想要透露出來(lái)的信息;這是他們招募恐怖分子時(shí)的宣傳伎倆。我們不能先壯大他們?nèi)缓箫@示我們可以來(lái)真的;也不能中了“伊斯蘭國(guó)代表世界最大宗教之一”的圈套,導(dǎo)致在這場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)中重要盟友離我們遠(yuǎn)去。我們要認(rèn)清他們的真面目——他們就是殺手、瘋子,必須予以追蹤、緝捕并摧毀。That'sexactlywhatwearedoing.Formorethanayear,Americahasledacoalitionofmorethan60countriestocutoffISIL'sfinancing,disrupttheirplots,stoptheflowofterroristfighters,andstampouttheirviciousideology.Withnearly10,000airstrikes,wearetakingouttheirleadership,theiroil,theirtrainingcamps,andtheirweapons.Wearetraining,arming,andsupportingforceswhoaresteadilyreclaimingterritoryinIraqandSyria.

而這恰恰是我們正在做的事情。過(guò)去一年多,美國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著60多個(gè)國(guó)家的聯(lián)盟,切斷“伊斯蘭國(guó)”的資金來(lái)源,發(fā)掘他們的陰謀詭計(jì),阻止武裝分子的人員流動(dòng),消除他們邪惡意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響。我們發(fā)動(dòng)了近萬(wàn)次空襲,除掉他們的恐怖頭目,破壞他們的石油供給,搗毀他們的訓(xùn)練營(yíng)和武器。我們?yōu)檎谥鸩綂Z回伊拉克和敘利亞領(lǐng)土的武裝力量提供培訓(xùn)、武器裝備和其他支持。IfthisCongressisseriousaboutwinningthiswar,andwantstosendamessagetoourtroopsandtheworld,youshouldfinallyauthorizetheuseofmilitaryforceagainstISIL.Takeavote.ButtheAmericanpeopleshouldknowthatwithorwithoutCongressionalaction,ISILwilllearnthesamelessonsasterroristsbeforethem.IfyoudoubtAmerica'scommitment–ormine–toseethatjusticeisdone,askOsamabinLaden.AsktheleaderofalQaedainYemen,whowastakenoutlastyear,ortheperpetratoroftheBenghaziattacks,whositsinaprisoncell.WhenyoucomeafterAmericans,wegoafteryou.Itmaytaketime,butwehavelongmemories,andourreachhasnolimit.

如果本屆國(guó)會(huì)真的希望贏得這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),同時(shí)向我們的軍隊(duì)和整個(gè)世界傳達(dá)反恐決心,你們就應(yīng)該授權(quán)軍事力量介入對(duì)抗“伊斯蘭國(guó)”??梢酝镀北頉Q。但美國(guó)人民應(yīng)當(dāng)知道,無(wú)論國(guó)會(huì)是否行動(dòng),伊斯蘭國(guó)也必將和以往的恐怖分子一樣,得到應(yīng)有的懲罰。如果你們懷疑美國(guó)或是我個(gè)人伸張正義的決心,不妨問問奧薩馬?本?拉登。問問去年被擊斃的也門基地組織頭目,或者已成階下囚的班加西事件主謀。如果你和美國(guó)過(guò)不去,美國(guó)絕不會(huì)放過(guò)你。這可能需要一些時(shí)間,但我們的記憶力很好,我們的打擊沒有時(shí)限。OurforeignpolicymustbefocusedonthethreatfromISILandalQaeda,butitcan'tstopthere.ForevenwithoutISIL,instabilitywillcontinuefordecadesinmanypartsoftheworld–intheMiddleEast,inAfghanistanandPakistan,inpartsofCentralAmerica,AfricaandAsia.Someoftheseplacesmaybecomesafehavensfornewterroristnetworks;otherswillfallvictimtoethnicconflict,orfamine,feedingthenextwaveofrefugees.Theworldwilllooktoustohelpsolvetheseproblems,andouranswerneedstobemorethantoughtalkorcallstocarpetbombcivilians.ThatmayworkasaTVsoundbite,butitdoesn'tpassmusterontheworldstage.

我們的外交政策焦點(diǎn)是“伊斯蘭國(guó)”和基地組織的威脅,但并不僅限于此。因?yàn)榧词箾]有“伊斯蘭國(guó)”,未來(lái)幾十年里,全球許多地區(qū)(包括中東、阿富汗和巴基斯坦、中美洲部分地區(qū)、非洲和亞洲)仍將動(dòng)蕩不安。它們中的有些地方有可能變成新的恐怖主義溫床;有些則會(huì)深陷民族沖突或大饑荒,滋生新一輪難民潮。世界人民會(huì)指望我們?nèi)ソ鉀Q這些問題,我們的回應(yīng)不能只是嘴上功夫:不斷使用強(qiáng)硬的措辭,做給平民們看。這種回應(yīng)可能在電視新聞上起點(diǎn)作用,但世界人民感受不到切實(shí)的鼓舞。Wealsocan'ttrytotakeoverandrebuildeverycountrythatfallsintocrisis.That'snotleadership;that'sarecipeforquagmire,spillingAmericanbloodandtreasurethatultimatelyweakensus.It'sthelessonofVietnam,ofIraq–andweshouldhavelearneditbynow.

我們也不能接管和重建每個(gè)陷入危機(jī)的國(guó)家。那不是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力,那樣只會(huì)將我們拖入泥潭,白白浪費(fèi)美國(guó)人民的熱血和財(cái)富,最終削弱我們自己。這是越戰(zhàn)和伊戰(zhàn)給我們的教訓(xùn)——我們?cè)缭撱懹浽谛摹ortunately,there'sasmarterapproach,apatientanddisciplinedstrategythatuseseveryelementofournationalpower.ItsaysAmericawillalwaysact,aloneifnecessary,toprotectourpeopleandourallies;butonissuesofglobalconcern,wewillmobilizetheworldtoworkwithus,andmakesureothercountriespulltheirownweight.

幸運(yùn)的是,我們有更明智的辦法。這是一個(gè)耐心、克制的策略,能充分發(fā)揮國(guó)家的每一分力量。這個(gè)策略就是:美國(guó)一定會(huì)采取行動(dòng)——必要時(shí)單獨(dú)行動(dòng)——以保護(hù)我們的人民和盟友;但在全球共同關(guān)注的問題上,我們會(huì)動(dòng)員全世界與我們一起行動(dòng),確保其他國(guó)家也盡到自己的職責(zé)。That'sou

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