山東省聊城市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題 （含答案）

第21頁/共21頁聊城市2022—2023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高二英語試題本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whydidthewomanmissthehistoryclass?A.Shewassick.B.Shewasinjured.C.Sheattendedfootballpractice.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthelivingroom.B.Inthebedroom.C.Inthekitchen.3.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Goshopping.B.Dohisgeographyhomework.C.Helpthewomanwiththehousework.4.WhathashappenedtoMaryaccordingtotheman?A.Sheisignoredbythewoman.B.Sheishavingdifficultiesinschoolwork.C.Sheisbeingbotheredbyherfamily.5.Whatvehicleisthewomanabouttotakenext?A.Ataxi.B.Aplane.C.Atrain.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段對話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whattimeofyearisit?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Visitapark.B.Dosomegardening.C.Watchtheweatherforecast.聽第7段對話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Goingtobed.B.Goingtothecinema.C.Goingtothedentist.9.Whenwillthewomanbookticketsfor?A.Tonight.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.聽第8段對話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.Whyisthewomanlearningtodance?A.Tomeetnewpeople.B.ToperformonTV.C.Togetfit.11.Wherearethewoman’sdancingclassesheld?A.Inagym.B.Inadancestudio.C.Inaschoolhall.12.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutdancing?A.Excited.B.Disappointed.C.Anxious.聽第9段對話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.WheredidthewomanlivetoimproveherEnglish?A.InAsia.B.InAustralia.C.InAmerica.14.Whatpercentagedoesthemanneedtobeintostudyabroad?A.Top5%.B.Top10%.C.Top20%.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Getapassport.B.Workonhisgrades.C.Develophiswritingskills.16Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Familymembers.C.Teacherandstudent.聽第10段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Howlongdidittakepeopletoleavethebuilding?A.5minutes.B.10minutes.C.15minutes.18.Whatmistakedidthemajorityofpeoplemake?A.Theytooktheircoats.B.Theytooktheirbags.C.Theytooktheliftdown.19.Whatdopeopleneedtoeducatethemselvesabout?A.Howtoopenafiredoor.B.Wheretofindthenearestfireexit.C.Whattobringoutsideincaseofafire.20.Whatwillpeopledonext?A.Practiceoncemore.B.Putoutafire.C.Takeaclass.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AExploringLibrariesTherearethreebranchesoftheNewYorkPublicLibraryintheRiverdale/Kings-bridgearea,aswellasaBronx—widebranch.Eachhasthousandsofbooksforlending,aswellasweeklyreadingsandconcerts.Callbranchesforlibraryhours.●BronxLibraryCenter310E.KingsbridgeRoad(718)5794244ThelargestpubliclibraryintheBronx—this8,000-square-footcenterisNYPL’sfirstgreenlibraryandfeaturesthesystem’spremierLatinoandPuertoRicanHeritageCollection.HoursareMondaythroughSaturday,from9a.m.to9p.m.Sundays,noonto6p.m.●RiverdaleLibrary5540MosholoAve.(718)5491212AcrossthestreetfromRiverdaleNeighborhoodHouse,thisbranchhascathedralceilingsandissurroundedbytreesandgrass.HoursareMondaythroughThursdayfrom10a.m.to6p.m.FridayandSaturdayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.●KingsbridgeLibrary291W.231stSt.,atCorlearAvenue(718)548—5656TheKingsbridgeLibraryisthelargestlocallibrary.Itincludesanoutdoorgarden,amultipurposecommunityroom,andateenarea.HoursareMondaythroughThursdayfrom10a.m.to7p.m.FridayandSaturdayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.●VanCortlandtLibrary3882CannonPlace(718)543—5150LocatedrightalongtheB×1,B×2andB×10buslines,thislibraryisneartheJeromeParkReservoirandVanCortlandtPark.HoursareMondaythroughThursdayfrom10a.m.to7p.m.FridayandSaturdayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.Alllibrarypatrons(用戶)inthesebranchesabovearerequiredtowearmasksinsidethebuilding,saysbranchmanagerRebeccaBrown—Barbier.Andformoreinformation,pleasecontactNYPL.org.1.WhichofthefollowingbranchesoffersserviceonSundays?A.VanCortlandtLibrary. B.BronxLibraryCenter.C.KingsbridgeLibrary. D.RiverdaleLibrary.2.WhatisspecialaboutKingsbridgeLibrary?A.Ithasspaceforteens.B.Itenjoysthreebuslinesnearby.C.It’sknownforNYPL’sfirstgreenlibrary.D.Itoffersamultipurposeentertainmentroom.3.Whatisamustforpatronsinthesebranches?A.Carryingtheirownlunch. B.BookingseatsatNYPL.org.C.Applyingforlibrarycards. D.Puttingontheirmasks.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是紐約公共圖書館的四個(gè)分館的相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)●BronxLibraryCenter部分的“HoursareMondaythroughSaturday,from9a.m.to9p.m.Sundays,noonto6p.m.(營業(yè)時(shí)間為星期一至星期六，上午9點(diǎn)至晚上9點(diǎn)，星期日中午至下午6點(diǎn)。)”可知，在星期日提供服務(wù)的是BronxLibraryCenter，故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)●KingsbridgeLibrary部分的“Itincludesanoutdoorgarden,amultipurposecommunityroom,andateenarea.(它包括一個(gè)戶外花園，一個(gè)多功能社區(qū)房間和一個(gè)青少年區(qū)。)”可知，KingsbridgeLibrary有青少年的空間。故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Alllibrarypatrons(用戶)inthesebranchesabovearerequiredtowearmasksinsidethebuilding(所有這些圖書館的用戶都被要求在大樓內(nèi)戴口罩)”可知，這些分館的用戶必須戴上口罩，故選D。BInastreetlargelyunchangedsinceitwasbuiltinthe1800s,Hobart’sBatteryPointisprobablythelastplaceyouwouldexpecttofindafarm.InonecornerofPeterHandy’sbackyardisacontrolledenvironmentunitthathousesverticalpastures(垂直牧場),thefirstofitskindinthesouthernhemisphere(半球).MrHandyischangingthedefinitionofwhatitmeanstobeafarmer.“Iknowit’sreallyfunny,becausewhenpeoplesaytome,‘Where’syourfarm?’,I’llsay‘it’sinBatteryPoint’andthey’relike,‘No,there’snofarmsinBatteryPoint’,”hesaid“PeoplethinktheMartianshavelandedbecausewe’vegotthismassive,bigpinklightthatcomesoutofitfromthebottombutotherthanthat,they’dhavenoidea.”Notjustabackyardproject,MrHandyisrunningabusiness.“It’sherebecauseIneedtobeasclosetomycustomers,thechefsandrestaurantsofHobart,”hesaid.“Iaimtousetheleastamountoffoodmilesaspossibleandmakethisasuper-efficientbusiness.”UsingLEDlightsandhydroponicnutrients,thefarmgrowsleafygreens,rootvegetablesandfloweringplants.“Idon’thavetoworryaboutfloods,wind,wildanimals,electricfences,turningthesoilover,”MrHandysaid.Using95percentlesswaterthantraditionalfarming,thefarmtickstheboxenvironmentally.“Imean,thisisdefinitelynottheanswertofoodsustainabilityintheworld.Butit’sdefinitelyapartofit.”SciencewriterJulianCribbbelievesaworldfoodcrisisiscoming,duetoacombinationoflossofwater,lossoftopsoil,climatechangeandoveruseofpoisons.“We’regoingtoneedtochangethenatureofthewayweproducefoodandchangethehumandietatthesametime,”hesaid,“andnewurbanfarmingmethodswouldseemostoftheworld’sgreatcitiesfeedingthemselves.”MrCribbsaidAustraliawasstillquiteawayofffromadoptingurbanfarming.ButhebelievesthatitposesaratheruniqueopportunityforAustralianfarmerstoselltheirexpertisetocities,teachingpeopletogrowfoodinurbanenvironments.4.WhatmightpeoplethinkofMrHandy’sfarm?A.Scared. B.Impressed.C.Disappointed. D.Confused.5.WhatdoesMrHandysayabouthisfarm?A.Itisnotaffectedbyweather.B.Itmainlyplantsandsellsflowers.C.Itservescustomersfromnearandfar.D.Itisthesolutiontofoodsustainability.6.What’sthepurposeofMr.Gribb’swordsinparagraph5?A.Topraisehiscontributiontoscience.B.Toexplainhowurbanfarmingworks.C.Tostressthenecessityofurbanfarming.D.Topresenttheseriousnessofthefoodcrisis.7.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Citiesarestrugglingtogetfood.B.Technologyischangingpeople’slife.C.PeterHandyisasuccessfulbusinessman.D.Foodproductionisbeingmovedintocities.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是PeterHandy在城市里建了個(gè)農(nóng)場，并介紹了他的農(nóng)場的特點(diǎn)和在城市里種植的必要性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“No,there’snofarmsinBatteryPoint(不，BatteryPoint沒有農(nóng)場)”和“PeoplethinktheMartianshavelandedbecausewe’vegotthismassive,bigpinklightthatcomesoutofitfromthebottombutotherthanthat,they’dhavenoidea.(人們認(rèn)為火星人已經(jīng)著陸了，因?yàn)槲覀儚牡撞堪l(fā)出了巨大的粉色光，但除此之外，他們什么都不知道。)”可知，人們對MrHandy的農(nóng)場感到困惑，故選D。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Idon’thavetoworryaboutfloods,wind,wildanimals,electricfences,turningthesoilover(我不用擔(dān)心洪水，風(fēng)，野生動(dòng)物，電柵欄，翻土)”可知，MrHandy說自己的農(nóng)場不會受到天氣的影響，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“We’regoingtoneedtochangethenatureofthewayweproducefoodandchangethehumandietatthesametime(我們需要改變我們生產(chǎn)食物的方式，同時(shí)改變?nèi)祟惖娘嬍沉?xí)慣)”和“andnewurbanfarmingmethodswouldseemostoftheworld’sgreatcitiesfeedingthemselves(而新的城市農(nóng)業(yè)方法將使世界上大多數(shù)大城市都能自給自足)”可知，第五段Mr.Gribb的話的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)城市農(nóng)業(yè)的必要性。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Inastreetlargelyunchangedsinceitwasbuiltinthe1800s,Hobart’sBatteryPointisprobablythelastplaceyouwouldexpecttofindafarm.(Hobart的BatteryPoint是一條自19世紀(jì)建成以來基本沒有改變過的街道，你可能最想不到會在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)場。)”和最后一段的“ButhebelievesthatitposesaratheruniqueopportunityforAustralianfarmerstoselltheirexpertisetocities,teachingpeopletogrowfoodinurbanenvironments.(但他認(rèn)為，這為澳大利亞農(nóng)民提供了一個(gè)相當(dāng)獨(dú)特的機(jī)會，可以向城市出售他們的專業(yè)知識，教人們在城市環(huán)境中種植糧食。)”可知，本文主要講的是PeterHandy在城市里建了個(gè)農(nóng)場，并介紹了他的農(nóng)場的特點(diǎn)和在城市里種植的必要性，即Foodproductionisbeingmovedintocities。故選D。CBanffNationalParkisCanada’sfirstbornnationalparkandwasrecognizedin1885.LocatedintheRockyMountainsofAlberta,Banffincludes6,641squarekilometersofglaciersandicefields,thickconiferousforest,andalpine(高山的)scenery.TheIcefieldsPark-wayspreadsfromLakeLouise,connectingtoJasperNationalParkinthenorth.ProvincialforestsandYohoNationalParkareneighborstothewestwhileKootenayNationalParkissituatedtothesouth.ThemaincommercialcenteroftheparkisthetownofBanff,intheBowRivervalley.TheCanadianPacificRailwaywascontributoryinBanff’searlyyears,buildingtheBanffSpringsHotelandChateauLakeLouisehotelintheparkandattractingtouriststhroughwidespreadadvertising.Intheearly20thcentury,roadswerebuiltinBanff,attimesbyprisonersofWorldWarI,andthroughGreatDepression-erapublicworksprojects,AsBanffhasoverthreemillionvisitorsannually,thehealthofitsecologyhasbeenendangered.Inthemid-1990s,ParksCanadalaunchedatwo-yearstudytopreserveecologicalintegrity.BanffNationalParkhasasubarcticclimate(副極地氣候)withthreeecoregions.TheforestsfeaturelodgepolepineatlowerheightsandEngelmannspruceathigheronesbelowthetreeline,abovewhicharechieflyrocksandice.Mammal(哺乳動(dòng)物)speciessuchasthegrizzlybear,cougar,wolverine,mooseandbighornsheeparefoundalongwithhundredsofbirdspecies.Reptiles(爬行動(dòng)物)arealsofoundbutonlyarestrictednumberofspecieshavebeenrecorded.Themountainswereformedfromsedimentaryrocks(沉積巖)whichwerepushedeastovernewerrockformations,between80and55millionyearsago.Overthepreviousfewmillionyears,glaciershaveattimescoveredmostofthepark,buttodayarefoundonlyonthemountainsidesthoughtheyincludetheColumbiaIcefield,thelargestcontinuousglacialmassintheRockies.Erosion(侵蝕)fromwaterandicehasmoldedthemountainsintotheirexistingshapes.8.WhatcanweinferaboutBanffNationalPark?A.Itwasbuiltmainlybyprisoners.B.ItistheoldestnationalparkinCanada.C.Itisconnectedtothreeotherprovincialparks.D.Itfailedtosatisfyvisitors’demandforcommercialactivities.9.WhatwasacontributionoftheCanadianPacificRailway?A.BuildingroadsinBanff.B.ConstructinghotelsinBanff.C.PreservingtheecologyofBanff.D.ProvidingmultiplerailwaylinestoBanff.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThebiodiversityofBanff.B.Thelimitedknowledgeofreptiles.C.ThecomplexclimatesystemofBanff.D.Themammals’severelivingconditions.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“molded”mostprobablymean?A.Stuck. B.Broken. C.Formed. D.Followed.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章從發(fā)展歷史、生物多樣性以及現(xiàn)代公園風(fēng)貌等方面介紹了加拿大第一個(gè)國家公園——班夫國家公園?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“BanffNationalParkisCanada’sfirstbornnationalparkandwasrecognizedin1885.(班夫國家公園是加拿大第一個(gè)國家公園，于1885年被承認(rèn)。)”可知，班夫國家公園是加拿大第一個(gè)國家公園，即它是加拿大最古老的國家公園。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheCanadianPacificRailwaywascontributoryinBanff’searlyyears,buildingtheBanffSpringsHotelandChateauLakeLouisehotelintheparkandattractingtouriststhroughwidespreadadvertising.(加拿大太平洋鐵路公司在班夫的早期也做出了貢獻(xiàn)，在公園里建造了班夫溫泉酒店和路易絲湖城堡酒店，并通過廣泛的廣告吸引游客。)”可知，加拿大太平洋鐵路公司在班夫的貢獻(xiàn)是建設(shè)了兩家酒店。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“BanffNationalParkhasasubarcticclimate(副極地氣候)withthreeecoregions.TheforestsfeaturelodgepolepineatlowerheightsandEngelmannspruceathigheronesbelowthetreeline,abovewhicharechieflyrocksandice.Mammal(哺乳動(dòng)物)speciessuchasthegrizzlybear,cougar,wolverine,mooseandbighornsheeparefoundalongwithhundredsofbirdspecies.Reptiles(爬行動(dòng)物)arealsofoundbutonlyarestrictednumberofspecieshavebeenrecorded.(班夫國家公園屬于亞北極氣候，分為三個(gè)生態(tài)區(qū)。森林的特色是低海拔的黑松和高海拔的恩格爾曼云杉，在林木線以下，以上主要是巖石和冰。這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了灰熊、美洲獅、狼獾、駝鹿和大角羊等哺乳動(dòng)物，還有數(shù)百種鳥類。爬行動(dòng)物也被發(fā)現(xiàn)，但只記錄了有限數(shù)量的物種。)”可知，本段主要描述了班夫的生物多樣性。故選A?！?1題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的句子“Overthepreviousfewmillionyears,glaciershaveattimescoveredmostofthepark,buttodayarefoundonlyonthemountainsides(在過去的幾百萬年里，冰川有時(shí)覆蓋了公園的大部分地區(qū)，但今天只在山坡上發(fā)現(xiàn)了冰川。)”，同時(shí)根據(jù)劃線詞句子中的“erosion(侵蝕)”可知，水和冰的侵蝕把山塑造成了形成了當(dāng)前的山的特點(diǎn)——今天只在山坡上發(fā)現(xiàn)了冰川。故劃線詞與form為同義詞，意為“形成。故選C。DElectricvehiclesarebecomingarealhit.Yetsalesofelectricvehicles,orEVs,areexpectedtoamounttolessthanfourpercentofpassengervehiclesalesintheUnitedStatesin2021.Onereason:theinabilitytoeasilyrechargeonlongtrips,knownasrangeanxiety.InJuly,theIndianaDepartmentofTransportationandPurdueUniversityannouncedplanstodeveloptheworld’sfirsttouchlesswireless-chargingconcretehighway.TheprojectdevelopedbythecompanyMamentwillenablewirelesschargingofelectricvehiclesaspeopledrivethem.Theprojectwilltesttheelectrifiedroad.Themostimportanttestwillassessthecapabilityofthesystemtotransfer(轉(zhuǎn)移)high-levelsofpowerwirelessly.Whiletheideaissimilartocellphonesthatchargewirelessly,thereisasignificantdifference:chargingwitha10-to-15-inchgap.“Thecellphonetouchesthesurfacetocharge,soit’sprettystronglycoupled(連接),”NadiaGkritza,aprofessoratPurdueUniversitysaid.“Whereasnow,ifweincreasetheso-calledairgap,thecouplingweakensandsodoesthepowertransfer.”Abigchallengeisclearlyonthevehicleside,saidMauricioEsguerra,co-founderofMagment.“Thevehicleindustryissobusywithmakingbatteries,makingsoftware,sothatmakingthemdealwithinductive(電感應(yīng)的)chargingrightnowisaprioritywhichisfaraway.Thespiritofthisprojectistoconcentratefirstonthetechnicalchallengesofshowingthatitworks.”O(jiān)n-roadchargingwillalsoneedto“standalltheweightandweatherinfluences.Theremaybeparticularapplicationswhereon-roadcharginginfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)couldbetargetedtoselectlocations,suchasbusstops,”hesaid.ThePurdueteamismindfulofthesechallenges,butoptimistic.Thereare,however,legalbarriers,MsGkritzasaid,“Forexample,inIndiana,ifyou’renotautility(公共事業(yè)),”youcannotresellelectricity.So,ifyou’retheroadwayoperator,youcannotchargethevehiclesfortheelectricitytheyconsume.Also,therearedifficultiesinusingtheinterstaterightofwayrightnowtobuildthisinfrastructure.Therearecertainlawsthatneedchangingbeforethisbecomesareality.”12.Whydidtheauthormentioncellphonecharging?A.Tostressthedifficultyofon-roadcharging.B.Tointroducewirelesschargingtechnology.C.Toshowthenecessityoftransferringpower.DToexplainthebenefitsofincreasingtheairgap.13.WhatcanwelearnfromMauricioEsguerra’swordsaboutinductivecharging?A.Itshouldbeusedonbusesfirst.B.Itfailstostandweatherinfluences.C.Itisinneedofmorefinancialsupport.D.It’sanearly-stagetechnologyforthecarindustry.14.WhatisthebiggestconcernofthePurdueteamaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Roadwayconditions. B.ElectricityshortageC.Governmentrules. D.Locationselection.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CouldEVsrule?B.Couldroadsrechargecars?C.Couldcarsbemoreeco-friendly?D.Couldtechnologymakecardesigneasier?【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是今年7月，印第安納州運(yùn)輸部和Purdue大學(xué)宣布了開發(fā)世界上第一條非接觸式無線充電混凝土高速公路的計(jì)劃，文章對這個(gè)計(jì)劃所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行了分析?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whiletheideaissimilartocellphonesthatchargewirelessly,thereisasignificantdifference:chargingwitha10-to-15-inchgap.“Thecellphonetouchesthesurfacetocharge,soit’sprettystronglycoupled(連接),”NadiaGkritza,aprofessoratPurdueUniversitysaid.“Whereasnow,ifweincreasetheso-calledairgap,thecouplingweakensandsodoesthepowertransfer.”(雖然這一想法與無線充電的手機(jī)類似，但有一個(gè)顯著的區(qū)別：充電間隙為10到15英寸。Purdue大學(xué)教授NadiaGkritza說:“手機(jī)接觸表面充電，所以兩者耦合非常緊密。”“而現(xiàn)在，如果我們增加所謂的氣隙，耦合減弱，動(dòng)力傳遞也會減弱。”)”可知，作者提到手機(jī)充電的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)道路充電的難度。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段MauricioEsguerra所說的話“Thevehicleindustryissobusywithmakingbatteries,makingsoftware,sothatmakingthemdealwithinductive(電感應(yīng)的)chargingrightnowisaprioritywhichisfaraway.Thespiritofthisprojectistoconcentratefirstonthetechnicalchallengesofshowingthatitworks.(汽車行業(yè)正忙于制造電池和軟件，因此讓他們現(xiàn)在就處理感應(yīng)充電是一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的精神是首先把精力集中在證明它有效的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)上)”推知，感應(yīng)充電是汽車工業(yè)處于早期階段的一項(xiàng)技術(shù)。故選D。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thereare,however,legalbarriers,MsGkritzasaid,“Forexample,inIndiana,ifyou’renotautility(公共事業(yè)),”youcannotresellelectricity.So,ifyou’retheroadwayoperator,youcannotchargethevehiclesfortheelectricitytheyconsume.Also,therearedifficultiesinusingtheinterstaterightofwayrightnowtobuildthisinfrastructure.Therearecertainlawsthatneedchangingbeforethisbecomesareality.”(然而，Gkritza女士表示，這里存在法律障礙，“例如，在印第安納州，如果你不是公用事業(yè)公司，你就不能倒賣電力。所以，如果你是道路操作員，你不能按車輛消耗的電力向它們收費(fèi)。此外，現(xiàn)在使用州際通行權(quán)來建造這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施也存在困難。在這成為現(xiàn)實(shí)之前，有些法律需要改變?！?”可知，Purdue團(tuán)隊(duì)最擔(dān)憂的是政府規(guī)定，故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“InJuly,theIndianaDepartmentofTransportationandPurdueUniversityannouncedplanstodeveloptheworld’sfirsttouchlesswireless-chargingconcretehighway.(今年7月，印第安納州運(yùn)輸部和普渡大學(xué)宣布了開發(fā)世界上第一條非接觸式無線充電混凝土高速公路的計(jì)劃。)”，第三段的“Whereasnow,ifweincreasetheso-calledairgap,thecouplingweakensandsodoesthepowertransfer(而現(xiàn)在，如果我們增加所謂的氣隙，耦合減弱，動(dòng)力傳遞也會減弱)”，第四段的“Abigchallengeisclearlyonthevehicleside(很大的挑戰(zhàn)顯然來自汽車方面)”和最后一段的“Thereare,however,legalbarriers(然而，還有法律障礙)”可知，本文主要講的是今年7月，印第安納州運(yùn)輸部和Purdue大學(xué)宣布了開發(fā)世界上第一條非接觸式無線充電混凝土高速公路的計(jì)劃，文章對這個(gè)計(jì)劃所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行了分析，因此最好的題目是B選項(xiàng)“Couldroadsrechargecars?(道路能給汽車充電嗎？)”。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。English,alongwiththevastmajorityoftheworld’slanguages,usesrelativespatialdescription.Soifyouweretodescribewheresomethingis,youwouldgiveadescriptionreferringtohowit’spositionedrelativetoyou:“____16____”Similarly,ifyouwereaskedtogivedirections,you’ddescribetherouterelativetoyourpositionalongitateachpoint:“____17____”Theproblemwithegocentric(自我中心的)descriptionslikethese,however,isthattheyconstantlychangeaswechangeourposition.Allittakesforyourleftandrightastheyareatthemomenttobecomeyourforwardsandbackwardsisa90-degreeturn.____18____Instead,theyhaveafantasticsenseofspatialawareness.GuuguYimithirr,theAustralianAboriginal(澳大利亞土著)language,hasnowordsforleftandright.____19____Sothelightswitchmightbetoyourwestasyouentertheroom,thetelevisiontoyoureast.Youmightturnnorthatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondroadtotheeast.StudieshaveshownthatspeakersofGuuguYimithirressentiallyhaveanin-builtcompass(指南針)taughttotheminearlychildhoodthroughnear-constantrepetitionofthecompasspointsineverydayconversation.Thewords“north”,“south”,“east”and“west”aloneaccountforaround10percentofatypicalGuuguYimithirrconversation.____20____Andwithasenseofdirectionlikethat,whoneedsleftandrightanyway?A.However,theymanagetogetbywithoutthem.B.Turnleftatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondright.C.Thelightswitchistoyourleft;theTVisonyourright.D.ButthespeakersofGuuguYimithirrdon’thavethisproblem.E.Ifthereaderofabookisfacingnorth,hewouldturnthepagesfromcasttowest.F.Mostspeakersdevelopafully-functioningdirectionalsystembytheageofjust8.G.Instead,speakersgivealltheirdescriptionsbasedonthefixedfourmainpointsofthecompass.【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了說GuuguYimithirr語言的某澳大利亞土著部落，在該部落中人們不會使用“左邊”或者“右邊”這樣的詞。他們在說方向或位置時(shí)，從來都是精確地描述基本方向?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文的“Soifyouweretodescribewheresomethingis,youwouldgiveadescriptionreferringtohowit’spositionedrelativetoyou(所以如果你要描述某物的位置，你會給出一個(gè)描述，指的是它相對于你的位置。)”可知，在英語描述某物的位置時(shí)，會給出一個(gè)相對于你的位置進(jìn)行描述，后文應(yīng)該對此進(jìn)行舉例說明。C選項(xiàng)“Thelightswitchistoyourleft;theTVisonyourright.(電燈開關(guān)在你的左邊；電視在你的右邊。)”解釋了前文的相對位置描述。故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Similarly,ifyouwereaskedtogivedirections,you’ddescribetherouterelativetoyourpositionalongitateachpoint.(同樣地，如果你被要求指路，你會在每一點(diǎn)上描述與你的位置相關(guān)的路線。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在被問路的情況下，你會在每一點(diǎn)上描述與你的位置相關(guān)的路線。B選項(xiàng)“Turnleftatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondright.(在紅綠燈處左轉(zhuǎn)，然后在第二個(gè)路口右轉(zhuǎn)。)”是對前文的每一點(diǎn)描述位置進(jìn)行解釋。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文的“Instead,theyhaveafantasticsenseofspatialawareness.(相反，他們有一種奇妙的空間意識。)”可知，此處“他們”空間意識感覺超強(qiáng)，前文應(yīng)該提出“他們”是誰？D選項(xiàng)“ButthespeakersofGuuguYimithirrdon’thavethisproblem.(但是說GuuguYimithirr語的人沒有這個(gè)問題。)”中的speakersofGuuguYimithirr與下文的they進(jìn)行呼應(yīng)。同時(shí)根據(jù)前文“Theproblemwithegocentric(自我中心的)descriptionslikethese,however,isthattheyconstantlychangeaswechangeourposition.(然而，這些以自我為中心的描述的問題在于，它們會隨著我們位置的變化而不斷變化。)”可知，在英語語言的描述過程中會存在以自我為中心的描述的問題，其與D選項(xiàng)中的thisproblem進(jìn)行呼應(yīng)，D選項(xiàng)指出說GuuguYimithirr語的人沒有這個(gè)問題。D選項(xiàng)承上啟下。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文的“GuuguYimithirr,theAustralianAboriginal(澳大利亞土著)language,hasnowordsforleftandright.(澳大利亞土著語言GuuguYimithirr沒有表示“左”和“右”的單詞。)”可知，在澳大利亞土著語言GuuguYimithirr中沒有表示“左”和“右”的單詞，后文應(yīng)該指出這些土著在生活中是如何表述方向的。同時(shí)根據(jù)后文中“Sothelightswitchmightbetoyourwestasyouentertheroom,thetelevisiontoyoureast.Youmightturnnorthatthetrafficlights,thentakethesecondroadtotheeast.(所以當(dāng)你進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，電燈開關(guān)可能在你的西面，電視在你的東面。你可以在紅綠燈處向北拐，然后走第二條路向東走。)”可知，此處指出了在澳大利亞說GuuguYimithirr的土著中，他們使用的是“東南西北”來代替“左右”的方向表達(dá)。前文應(yīng)該提到“東南西北”四個(gè)方向。G選項(xiàng)“Instead,speakersgivealltheirdescriptionsbasedonthefixedfourmainpointsofthecompass.(相反，說話者根據(jù)羅盤上固定的四個(gè)主要點(diǎn)來進(jìn)行描述。)”中的羅盤上固定的四個(gè)主要點(diǎn)即為東南西北四個(gè)方向。故G選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文的“Andwithasenseofdirectionlikethat,whoneedsleftandrightanyway?(有了這樣的方向感，誰還需要左右呢?)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“方向感”，前文應(yīng)該對該“方向感”進(jìn)行解釋。F選項(xiàng)“Mostspeakersdevelopafully-functioningdirectionalsystembytheageofjust8.(大多數(shù)說話者在8歲時(shí)就能發(fā)展出一個(gè)功能完備的定向系統(tǒng)。)”中的afully-functioningdirectionalsystem與下文的that相呼應(yīng)，即功能完備的定向系統(tǒng)則為下文所提出的方向感。F選項(xiàng)符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。NoahRuizis4yearsoldandlovestheSpongeBobPopsicle(海綿寶寶冰棒).Aftersittingthroughanonlineclasslastmonth,hewanteda____21____.HismomsaidOK.Thenshesawthe____22____ofcasesoftheicepopssoldonAmazon.Whenseeingacaseof18popscost$51,JenniferBryant____23____.Sheisaworkingmotherofthreeandsheisstudyingforanadvanceddegreeinsocialwork.Shedoesn’thavemuchextra____24____.Thensomeboxes____25____.Surprisingly,theywere____26____918icepops.Theordercost$2,618.85.Bryantwastotally____27____andsherushedto____28____herbankaccount.Somehow,Noahhad____29____51casesoftreats.Infact,thelittleboysuffersfromabraincondition—hemusthaveorderedthemwrong.Bryantwasfrightened.Shewantedto____30____theicepopstoAmazonandgethermoneyback.Noluck.Shewentonlineandtriedto____31____thepopstodessertsellers.However,____32____worked.Sheposteditonherclassmates’Facebookgroup.“Ifmytuitionislatethismonth,thisiswhy.”shewrote.“Youmaylaughaboutit,but,youknow,mybankaccountis____33____rightnow!”KatieSchlossknewBryantfromclass.Shestartedto____34____moneyforBryantonline.Shehopedfriendsandstrangersmightgivemoneytohelp____35____theorder.ByMay20,theyhadcollectedmorethan$24,800.“NeverwouldIhaveeverimaginedthis,”Bryantsaidthankfully.21.A.treat B.game C.chance D.break22.A.bill B.price C.dish D.introduction23.A.promised B.escaped C.doubted D.refused24.A.time B.energy C.money D.need25.A.opened B.arrived C.gathered D.disappeared26.A.equalto B.wrongwith C.goodfor D.fullof27.A.curious B.tired C.shocked D.disappointed28.A.check B.close C.remove D.test29.A.sent B.served C.applied D.ordered30.A.contribute B.return C.leave D.report31.A.gift B.transport C.show D.sell32.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything33.A.crying B.ringing C.sleeping D.waving34.A.earn B.save C.raise D.borrow35.A.payfor B.searchfor C.pickup D.handout【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.C33.A34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講是NoahRuiz喜歡海綿寶寶冰棒，他無意中用媽媽的亞馬遜賬戶訂購了918支冰棒，他的媽媽沒有那么多閑錢，他媽媽的同學(xué)得知此事后幫她在網(wǎng)上籌款支付了這筆錢?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：上個(gè)月，在聽完一節(jié)在線課程后，他想犒勞自己。A.treat款待；B.game游戲；C.chance機(jī)會；D.break休息。根據(jù)上文“Aftersittingthroughanonlineclasslastmonth”可知，在聽完一節(jié)在線課程后，他想犒勞自己，空格處意為“款待”，且9空后的“51casesoftreats.”也是提示。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她看到了亞馬遜上出售的幾箱冰棒的介紹。A.bill賬單；B.price價(jià)格；C.dish菜肴；D.introduction介紹。根據(jù)下文“Whenseeingacaseof18popscost$51”可知，她看冰棒的介紹。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)看到一箱18支冰棒售價(jià)51美元時(shí)，JenniferBryant退出了。A.promised承諾；B.escaped退出；C.doubted懷疑；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Sheisaworkingmotherofthreeandsheisstudyingforanadvanceddegreeinsocialwork.Shedoesn’thavemuchextra”可知，她沒多少錢買那么貴的冰棒，所以從亞馬遜的頁面退出了。故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有多少閑錢。A.time時(shí)間；B.energy能量；C.money錢；D.need需要。根據(jù)上文“Sheisaworkingmotherofthreeandsheisstudyingforanadvanceddegreeinsocialwork”可知，她沒有多少閑錢。故選C。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后一些箱子到了。A.opened打開；B.arrived到達(dá)；C.gathered聚集；D.dis