八年級上UNIT2學案 2

好學友教育進步熱線：076981292050，82662833關(guān)注孩子成長每一天第13頁共13頁Orallanguage1.Don'tgivemeanyexcuses.2,Totellthetruth,Idon'tlikedisco.Topic:Doyouprefercoolweatherorwarmweather?why?Doeskeepingpetsbringpeopleanytrouble?(infected)Article:A:WeatherPredict

Afilmcrewwasonlocationdeepinthedesert.OnedayanoldIndianwentuptothedirectorandsaid,"Tomorrowrain."Thenextdayitrained.

Aweeklater,theIndianwentuptothedirectorandsaid,"Tomorrowstorm."Thenextdaytherewasahailstorm.

"ThisIndianisincredible,"saidthedirector.HetoldhissecretarytohiretheIndiantopredicttheweather.

However,afterseveralsuccessfulpredictions,theoldIndiandidn'tshowupfortwoweeks.

Finallythedirectorsentforhim."Ihavetoshootabigscenetomorrow,"saidthedirector,"andI'mdependingonyou.Whatwilltheweatherbelike?"

TheIndianshruggedhisshoulders."Don'tknow,"hesaid."Radioisbroken."BAfriendofminenamedPaulreceivedanexpensivecarfromhisbrotherasaChristmaspresent.OnChristmasEvewhenPaulcameoutofhisoffice,astreeturchinwaswalkingaroundtheshiningcar.“Isthisyourcar,Paul?”heasked.

Paulanswered,“Yes,mybrothergaveittomeforChristmas.”Theboywassurprised.“Youmeanyourbrothergaveittoyouanditdidn’tcostyounothing?Boy,Iwish…”Hehesitated.

OfcoursePaulknewwhathewasgoingtowishfor.Hewasgoingtowishhehadabrotherlikethat.ButwhattheboysaidsurprisedPaulgreatly.

“Iwish,”theboywenton,“thatIcouldbeabrotherlikethat.”Paullookedattheboyinsurprise,thenhesaidagain,“Wouldyouliketotakearideinmycar?”

“Ohyes,I’dlovethat.”

Afterashortride,theboyturnedandwithhiseyesshining,said,“Paul,wouldyouminddrivinginfrontofmyhouse?”

Paulsmiledalittle.Hethoughtheknewwhattheboywanted.Hewantedtoshowhisneighboursthathecouldridehomeinabigcar.ButPaulwaswrongagain.“Willyoustopwherethosetwostepsare?”theboyasked.

Heranuptothesteps.TheninashortwhilePaulheardhimcomingback,buthewasnotcomingfast.Hewascarryinghislittlecrippledbrother.Hesathimdownonthestepandpointedtothecar.

“Theresheis,Buddy,justlikeItoldyouupstairs.HisbrothergaveittohimforChristmasanditdidn’tcosthimacent.AndsomedayI’mgoingtogiveyouonejustlikeit…thenyoucanseeforyourselfallthenicethingsintheChristmaswindowthatI’vebeentryingtotellyouabout.”

Paulgotoutandliftedtheboytothefrontseatofhiscar.Theshining-eyedolderbrotherclimbedinbesidehimandthethreeofthembegananunforgettableholidayride.

()1.Thestreeturchinwasverysurprisedwhen_______________A.PaulreceivedanexpensivecarB.Paultoldhimaboutthecar

C.hesawtheshiningcarD.hewaswalkingaroundthecar

()2.Fromthestorywecanseetheurchin_______________

A.wishedtogivehisbrotheracar

B.wantedPaul’sbrothertogivehimacar

C.wishedhecouldhaveabrotherlikePaul’s

D.wishedPaulcouldbeabrotherlikethat

()3.TheurchinaskedPaultostophiscarinfrontofhishouse____________

A.toshowhisneighboursthebigcar

B.toshowhehadarichfriend

C.tolethisbrotherrideinthecar

D.totellhisbrotherabouthiswish

()4.Wecaninfer（推斷）fromthestorythat___________

A.Paulcouldn’tunderstandtheurchin

B.theurchinhadadeeploveforhisbrotherC.theurchinwishedtohavearichbrother

D.theurchin’swishcametrueintheend

()5.Thebestnameofthestoryis____________

A.AChristmasPresentB.AStreetUrchin

C.ABrotherLikeThatD.AnUnforgettableHolidayRide

Unit8I’llhelpcleanupthecityparks.重點、難點、考點及疑點注釋1.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.(P60)我想幫助無家可歸的人。homeless是形容詞，意為“無家可歸的”，由home+后綴-less構(gòu)成。特別提示less后綴通常加在名詞的后面，構(gòu)成形容詞，表示與原來名詞意思相反的形容詞，如groundless無根據(jù)的，odorless無氣味的,careless粗心的，useless無用的。2.Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.(P60)你可以幫著打掃城市公園?！騝leanup是“清除、除去（垃圾、污物）”等，使地方干凈。Pleasecleanuptheroomaftertheparty.聚會后把房間打掃干凈。Weshouldcleanupthedirtypartsofthesea.我們應該清除海里的污染部分。◎cleanup還可以表示“掙得，贏得（多少錢）”。Hecleanedupasmallfortune.他發(fā)了一筆小財。特別提示cleanoneselfup意為“洗干凈”。Yourhandsaredirty,you’dbettercleanyourselfup.你的手臟了，你應該洗洗它們。3.Youcouldgiveoutfoodatafoodbank.(P60)你可以在食品供應站分發(fā)食品。giveout在這里是“分發(fā)”，“散發(fā)”的意思。OurEnglishteachergaveouttheexaminationpaperswhenthebellrang.我們的英語老師在鈴響的時候分發(fā)試卷?！蛄硗庖粋€意思為“用完”，“消耗盡”。Afteraweektheirfoodsuppliesgaveout.一周之后，他們的食物供應用完了?！蜻€有一個意思為“發(fā)出”，“送出”。Thesungivesoutalotofheat.太陽能發(fā)出熱量。4.Helookssad.Let’scheerhimup.(P61)他看上去很傷心。我們?nèi)退褡髌饋戆?。cheerupsb或cheersbup意為“（使某人）高興起來，振作起來”。如果是代詞做賓語，則將代詞放在中間。Cheerup!Thenewsisn’ttoobad.不要發(fā)愁啦，這消息不錯嘛！Hetookhertotheballettocheerherup.他為了使她高興起來，便帶她去看芭蕾舞。5.Thisvolunteerworktakeseachofthemseveralhoursaweek,soitisamajorcommitment.(P62)這份義工每周花了他們每個人好幾個小時的時間，所以這是一個重大的貢獻。(1)eachofthem是指“他們中的每一個”。如果做主語，則謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。知識拓展each與every的用法◎each指一個整體中的每一個，強調(diào)個體；every著重于全體的總和，強調(diào)整體。試比較：Eachhasadifferentbook.（強調(diào)各有不同。）Hereeverychildattheageofsixcangotoschool.（側(cè)重整體，無一例外。）◎each可作形容詞及代詞，而every只能作形容詞，但可與-one，-body，-thing等構(gòu)成復合代詞?！騟ach用在代詞或復數(shù)名詞前要用介詞of連接，如eachofthem,eachoftheboys;every不能直接跟of連接，如不可以說everyofthem，而要說everyoneofthem或eachofthem。◎every還可以表示“每隔”，后接基數(shù)詞加名詞，如everyfourweeks,everythreemonths等，此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的every不能用each代替。Shehadaresteveryfivesminutes.她每隔5分鐘就休息一會兒。魔力糾錯①街道兩旁有許多商店。誤：Therearemanyshopsoneverysideofthestreet.正：Therearemanyshopsoneachsideofthestreet.魔力解析each可以用來指兩個或兩個以上的人或物，但是every卻總是指三個或三個以上的人或物，不能指兩者。6.NotonlydoIfeelgoodabouthelpingotherpeople,butIgettospendtimedoingwhatIlovetodo.(P62)我不僅對幫助別人感到很滿足，而且我還漸漸地花時間做自己喜愛做的事情。(1)notonly...butalso(also可省略)是“不但……而且……”的意思，當置于句首時，notonly后面從句的主謂要倒裝，但but（also）后面的主謂不用倒裝。NotonlyhashebeentoCanada,but(also)heknowssomeCanadians.他不僅去過加拿大，而且還認識許多加拿大人。Notonlydidheteachatschool,but(also)hewrotenovels.他不僅在學校里教書，而且還寫小說。7.“Don’tputitoff,”saysHuiPing.“Becomeavolunteertoday!”(P62)“別猶豫”，慧萍說，“今天就來當一名自愿者吧！”(1)putoff意思是“推遲，拖延”。Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday.今日事今日畢。Theyputoffthesoccergamebecauseoftherain.因為下雨，他們把球賽推遲了。Youshouldnotputoffgoingtoseethedoctor.你不應該拖延去看醫(yī)生?！騪utoff還可意為“關(guān)掉”，相當于turnoff。Pleaseputoffthelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.在你離開教室之前，請關(guān)掉燈。(2)become是系動詞，表示“變成，成為”，后面接名詞、形容詞、過去分詞等。Shebecamefamousinhercity.她在她所在城市的成為名人了。知識拓展become后可接介詞of，構(gòu)成whatbecomesofsb/sth表示“某人/某事進展如何”。Whatbecameofthedreamsofouryouth?我們年輕時的理想何在？特別提示系動詞get,turn,grow和become都可表示“變得，感到”，其區(qū)別是：◎get用于日常用語，后面常跟比較級。Theweathergetscolder,andthedaysgetshorter.天氣變冷了，白天變短了?！騮urn指在顏色和性質(zhì)等方面變得與原來不同。Hisfaceturnedred.他的臉變紅了。◎grow著重變化過程。It’sgrowingdark.天漸漸地變黑了。◎become是指身份、職位的變化，作瞬間動詞時，指狀態(tài)的變化。Hebecameanartist.他成為了一名藝術(shù)家。8.Jimmytakesafterhismother.(P63)吉米的言行舉止像他媽媽。本句中的takeaftersb表示“長相或舉止像（某個長輩）”，不能用于被動語態(tài)。Tomysurprise,Jackdoesn’ttakeafterhisfatheratall.令我驚奇的是，杰克和他爸爸長的一點兒也不像。Maryreallytakesafterhermother,shehasthesameeyes,nose,andhair.瑪麗長得真像她媽媽，眼睛、鼻子和頭發(fā)一個樣。9.Jimmyhasrunoutofmoney.(P63)吉米把錢花光了。runoutof意為“用完”，其主語通常是人，表示主動含義，后面跟賓語。Hehasrunoutofink.他用完了墨水。I’mafraidwe’rerunoutofpetrol.我們的汽油怕是已用完了。特別提示runout也是“用完”的意思，其主語通常是被使用的事物，如時間、金錢、食物等，但不用于被動語態(tài)，同時其后也不能跟賓語。Hismoneysoonranout.他的錢很快就花完了。Haveyounearlyfinished?Timeisrunningout.你快做完了嗎？時間快到了。10.Ifixupbikesandgivethemaway.(P63)我修理好自行車，然后捐贈出去。(1)fixup相當于torepair，表示“修理，修補，整理”,其后跟物件名詞作賓語。Mywatchsometimesgainsandsometimesloses.Canyoufixitupforme?我的表有時快，有時慢，你能幫我修修嗎？Mymotheristoooldtoliveonherown,sowe’refixingupthespareroomforher.我母親年齡太大了，不能自己生活，所以我們正收拾這個多出的房間讓她住。特別提示如果fixup的賓語是“人”的話，則構(gòu)成fixsbupwithsth句型，表示“為某人安排某件事，向某人提供某物”。I’llfixyouupwithaplacetostay.我來給你安排住處。(2)givesthaway意思是“捐贈，贈送”。Therichmangaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.那個富人把他的大部分錢都捐給了慈善事業(yè)。知識拓展◎giveaway還可以表示“分發(fā)或贈與某物，由于大意而未利用或抓?。〞r機，機會等）”。Theheadmastergaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.校長在學校運動會上頒發(fā)了獎品。◎giveaway還可以表示“有意或無意地泄露某事情或出賣某人”。Thewomangaveawaystatesecretstotheenemy.那個婦女把國家機密泄露給了敵人。11.Heevenhandedoutadvertisementsatalocalsupermarket.(P64)他甚至在當?shù)氐囊患页猩l(fā)廣告。handout意為“散發(fā)”，其中hand是動詞。Theteacherishandingoutthemathspapers.老師在發(fā)數(shù)學試卷。短語鏈語handin“面交”，“上交”。Thestudentsarehandingtheirpapersin.學生們在交試卷。12.Thenhetoldtheteachersatschoolabouthisproblem...(P64)然后他告訴老師自己的問題……tellsbaboutsth是“把某事告訴某人”的意思，有時表示“囑咐或語氣較輕的命令”，常用于tellsbtodosth結(jié)構(gòu)。Theteachertoldusabouthisstory.老師給我們講了他的故事。Mymotherusuallytellsmetobecarefulonmywaytoschool.媽媽常常告訴我在去上學的路上一定要小心。13.Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.(P64)他想到的那些辦法獲得了成功。(1)這是一個由that引導的定語從句，先行詞是前面的strategies。動詞短語workedout在這里作主語thestrategies的謂語，意為“產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，發(fā)展為，結(jié)果是……”，后面不可接賓語，主語也不用“人”來充當。Iwonderhowtheirideasworkedoutinpractice.我很想知道他們的想法在實踐中取得了什么結(jié)果。Wedidn’tplanitlikethatbutitworkedoutverywell.我們原不是那樣計劃的，但結(jié)果卻很好。知識拓展workout的其它用法Itwasthebestsolutionthathewasabletoworkoutatthistime.這是他這時能想出的最好的解決辦法了。（想出）Ican’tworkoutthemeaningofthispoem.我理解不了這首詩的意思。（理解）短語鏈語◎workon意為“從事”。ProfessorGreenisworkingonanewbook.格林教授正在寫一本新書。Heisworkingonamathsproblem.他正在算一道數(shù)學難題。◎workon后面無賓語時，表示繼續(xù)工作。It’sverylate,buttheywerestillworkingon.時間很晚了，但他們?nèi)匀辉诶^續(xù)工作。(2)fine在這里是副詞，可與well替換，意思是“好，順利”。Themachineworksfine.這臺機器運行很好。Samisdoingfineinhisnewbusiness.薩姆在他的新業(yè)務中一切進展順利。14....Whohasfilledmylifewithpleasure.(P66)……使我生活充滿快樂的人。(1)本句中的fill...with...表示一個動作，意為“用……裝滿……”，其主語通常是人。Hefilledthebagwithbooks.他在書包里裝滿了書。Pleasefillthebottlewithmilk.請將瓶子裝滿牛奶。知識拓展befilledwith表示一個狀態(tài)，意為“裝滿了……”，相當于befullof，其主語通常是人或物。Theroomwasfilledwithsmoke.房間里濃煙彌漫。Hereyeswerefilledwithtears.她眼睛里充滿了淚水。(2)pleasure意為“高興，快樂”，是不可數(shù)名詞；表示“樂趣，高興的事”時是可數(shù)名詞。Readinggivesmegreatpleasure.讀書給了我很多快樂。Itisoneofmygreatestpleasures.它是我最大樂趣之一?！蛟诳谡Z中It’spleasure.是回答感謝的客套語?！猅hankyouforyourhelp.感謝你的幫助。—It’sapleasure.不用謝。特別提示◎pleased是形容詞，意為“自己感到高興的，欣喜的，滿意的”，指以任何方式表現(xiàn)出來或未表現(xiàn)出來的滿足與快樂，在句中常用作表語，其主語為人。Thetwofriendswereverypleasedtoseeeachotheragain.這兩個朋友非常高興再次見面。Iwaspleasedthatthemanagerhaddecidednottobeangrywithme.使我高興的是經(jīng)理已經(jīng)不再生我的氣了?！騪leasant也是形容詞，表示“使人感到愉快／滿意”，一般用作定語，如主語是物，也可以用作表語。It’spleasantweathertoday.今天的天氣令人愉快。It’sverypleasanttositdownafterstandingforhours.站了幾小時后坐下來很舒服。◎please是動詞，表示“（使）高興，滿意，愉快”。Doestheclothpleaseyou?這布料合你的意嗎？15.BecauseIcan’tusemyarmsorlegswell,normalthingslikeansweringthetelephone,openingandshuttingdoors,orcarryingthingshavealwaysbeendifficultforme.(P66)因為我不能靈活地使用我的手和腳，像接電話、開關(guān)門、拿東西這樣的事情對于我來說都很難。(1)本句中的shut意為“關(guān)”，在許多情況下可以與close互換，只是后者語氣較弱，如closethedoor關(guān)門（也可能指半開半閉），shutthedoor關(guān)門（指把門關(guān)緊）。Thatshopshutsateightpm.那家商店八點鐘關(guān)門。Heclosedhisspeechwithafunnyjoke.他用一個有趣的笑話結(jié)束了演說?！虍敱硎尽瓣P(guān)閉公路，鐵路或交通工具”或作“結(jié)束”講時，只用close。Theyhaveclosedtheroadforthickfog.由于大霧，那條公路被關(guān)閉。特別提示turnoff用來表示“關(guān)閉”有開關(guān)的東西，如收音機、電視、煤氣、水龍頭等。Pleaseturnoffthelightwhenyouleavethelab.在你離開實驗室前關(guān)掉燈。Makesurethegasisturnedoffbeforeyougotobed.確保上床前把煤氣關(guān)掉。(2)本句中的carry意為“搬運，攜帶”，不表示帶到什么地方，而攜帶的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。Shecarriedababyinherarms.她懷里抱了一個孩子。Hewascarryingawoodenboxonhisshoulder.他扛著一個木箱。特別提示在后面“Lucky!Fetchmybook.”一句中出現(xiàn)的fetch相當于goandbringback，意為“取來，接來”，表示一往一返。Let’sfetchsomewater.咱們?nèi)ゴ螯c水來。Peoplehadtowalkmanykilometersinordertofetchwood.為了取木料，人們不得不走許多公里路。二：詞匯can’tstandvingsth表示不能容忍做某事。2.riskdoingsth:冒險去做某事3.called/named：過去分詞作定語4.suggestvingsth：建議去做某事sick/ill：生病sick可作表、定語，ill只能作表語。musicmuscian:音樂家musical音樂的7.suggest:建議suggestion(N)建議8.although/though雖然。。。但是，在英語中它們不與but連用9.復合結(jié)構(gòu)與復數(shù)名詞的所有格作定語。10.whatever=nomatterwhat:不論什么三：同意句轉(zhuǎn)換prefersthtosth與likesthbetterthansth進行同意句轉(zhuǎn)換。Looklike=takeafterDon’tworryaboutsth=Don’tbeworriedaboutsthTodo開頭的句子轉(zhuǎn)換成It’s+adj(forsb)todosthPeoplewhodon’thavehome=homelesspeople一、根據(jù)句意和首字母，填寫所缺單詞。1.Iamveryh_____.Givemesomefood,please.2.It’sFridaytoday.Don’tp____offitanymore.3.Heisav_______,andheoftentreatssomeanimals.4.Mycomputerisbroken.Heisr_____itforme.5.Hisfatherisable.Hecans_____thisproblembyhimself.6.Thereisas_____.Itsays“NoSmoking!”.7.Hisgrandfathercan’twalkandhastositinaw______.8.Ilovedogsbecausetheyneverc______andthey’regrateful.9.LucyandLilyaretwins,sotheyares_____inmanyways.10.Heismybestfriend.Weallt_____inhim.二、試試你的判斷力，選擇正確答案。1.It’syourturnto_____theroom,WangFang.A.cleanupB.cleantoC.clean-upD.cleanoff2.I’mthirsty.I’dlike_____aglassofwater.A.drinkB.todrinkC.drinkingD.drank3.A:MustIgooutforawalknow?B:No,you_____.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.maynot4.Askhim_____cometoourpartytomorrow.A.notB.nottoC.doesn’tD.isn’t5.It’stwelvenow.Let’shave_____lunchtogether.A.aB.anC.theD.x6.IamaLeagueMember.Ivolunteermytime_____others.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped7.Idon’tknow_____kindofworkIcando.A.howB.whatC.whoD.why8.A:Couldyoucomeherenextweek,please?B:_______.A.Yes,youcan.B.No,youcouldn’t.C.No,never.D.Yes,that’sright9.Didyou_____muchmoneyonthecar?A.costB.payC.spendD.take10.Thebossinthefactoryoftenmakestheworkers_____ninehoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked三、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列句型。1.Toworkinaschoolisveryinteresting.(同義句)___________veryinterestingtoworkinaschool.2.Don’tworrytoomuchaboutyourexam.(同義句)Don’t__________toomuchaboutyourexam.3.Wemaybemakeourfriendsandfamilyunhappy.(對劃線部分提問)__________youmaybemakeyourfriendsandfamily?4.Theheadmastersawthechildrenplayingontheplayground.(變成復合句)Theheadmastersawthechildren__________ontheplayground.5.Didhecomeupwithagreatidea?(同義句)_____you_____agreatidea?6.Jimlookslikehiselderbrother.(同義句)Jim__________hiselderbrother.7.Hetoldtheteachersatschoolabouthisproblem.(對劃線部分提問)__________hetelltheteachersatschoolabout?8.Ineedtolookupthewordinthedictionary.(變一般問句)_____you_____tolookupthewordinthedictionary?9.Theywouldliketohelpsomehomelesspeople.(變一般問句)_____you_____tohelpsomehomelesspeople?10.Thisvolunteerworktakeseachofthemseveralhoursaweek.(對劃線部分提問)__________doesthisvolunteerworktakeeachofthemaweek?四、根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1.我準備領(lǐng)他去看電影，以便他會高興起來。Iamgoingtotakehimtothecinema___________.2.這些詞都很重要，請把它們記下來。Thesewordsareallveryimportant.__________________,please!3.你知道誰在校門口分發(fā)廣告了嗎？Doyouknowwho____________________attheschoolgate?4.他們的老師不但會講英語，而且還會講日語。Theirteachercanspeak______English______Japanese.5.沒人想買這些大衣，甚至白送也不要。Noonewantstobuythesecoats.Youcan’teven______________.6.他想盡力通過這次考試，因此他學習更加努力。He_____________,soheworksharder.7.剛剛離開的那列火車是開往雞西的。Thetrain__________________isforJixi.8.我不知道誰能相信他的話。Idon’tknow______________hiswords.9.他母親身體有病，幾乎不能自理。Hismother___________,andshehardly___________herself.10.我們必須采取措施對付毒品走私。Wemusttakemeasures_______________drugsmuggling.五、閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。第8單元測試題一.選詞或詞組填空cutup,giveout,comeup,cleanup,putoff,cheerup,callup,helpwith,setup,writedown.1.Please______thetableaftersupper.2.He______withagoodideayesterday.3.Yourdaughterissad.Whynot___her___?4.Teachers_______applestoeverychild.5.Themeetingis_______aswar.6.______thesepotatoes.I’llcookthem.7.Terasa_______aschoolforpoorchildren.8.Iwill_______somehouseworkafterIfinishmywork.9.Please_______whatIsaidjustnow.10.He_______hiswifeassoonashearrivedinShanghai.二.單項選擇()1.Helookssad.Let’scheerhim____.A.upB.inC.outD.at()2.Tonycouldhelp______thecityparks.A.cleanB.cleanupC.cleanoutD.cleansup()3.I_____liketohelpkidswiththeirschoolwork.A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.will()4.Notonlythestudents____alsotheirteacherlikesfootball.A.tooB.exceptC.howeverD.but()5.weneedto____upwithaplanonClean-upDay.A.comeB.goC.workD.study()6.I_______someclothestocharitybecausetheyaretoosmallforme.A.takeafterB.hangoutC.giveawayD.putoff()7.NowIspendtime_____whatIlovetodo.A.todoB.doingC.doD.did()8.Aftermyteachergavemealesson,Ididn’tdothat_______.A.anyB.moreC.anymoreD.nomore()9.____oft