常見(jiàn)國(guó)際商務(wù)合同的翻譯技巧handout

一、合同翻譯的準(zhǔn)則準(zhǔn)確嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)LicenseewillfurnishtoPartyAcopiesofinsurancepoliciesand/ortheendorsements.ExpressivenessandSmoothness茲經(jīng)買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙方同意按下列規(guī)定的條款出售和購(gòu)買(mǎi)此貨。二、句子翻譯技巧主語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換1）主語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語(yǔ)Deliverymustbeeffectedwithinthetimestatedonthepurchaseorder,otherwisetheBuyermustatitsopinioncanceltheorderwithoutcosttohim,andchargetheSellerforanylossincurredastheresultofthefailuretomakesuchadelivery.PaymentshallbemadebynetcashagainstsightdraftwithBillofLadingattachedshowingtheshipmentofthegoods.SuchpaymentshallbemadethroughtheBankofChina,DalianBranch.TheBillofLadingshallnotbedeliveredtotheBuyeruntilsuchdraftispaid.Partialshipmentsshallbealloweduponpresentationofthecleansetofshippingdocument.2）主語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)ShouldallorpartoftheContractanditsappendicesbeunabletobefulfilledowingtothefaultofoneparty,thebreachingpartyshallbeartheresponsibilitiesthuscaused.IfanytermsandconditionsofthisContractarebreachedandthebreachisnotcorrectedbythebreachingpartywithin30daysafterawrittennoticethereofisgivenbytheotherparty,thenthenonbreachingpartyshallhavetheoptiontoterminatethisContractbygivingawrittennoticethereoftothebreachingparty.3）主語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為定語(yǔ)EachpartyisliablefortheJointVentureCompanyonlyuptothelimitofthecapitalsubscribedbyit.賓語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為主語(yǔ)TheSellershalldelivertheEquipmentandMaterialsinaccordancewiththeContractfromthe19(nineteenth)monthtothe27(twenty-seventy)monthfromthedateofsigningtheContractin4(four)lots.PartyAshallsendtwiceitstechnicalpersonneltoPartyB’sfactoryfortraining,andthetotalnumberoftheparticipantsshallnotexceed200(excludingtheinterpreter).賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語(yǔ)TheLicensorwill,atitsowncost,takesuchactionstoeliminateinfringementoftheLicensedPatentsasmaybereasonablynecessaryandproperinitsownopinion.TheSellershallmakedeliveryofthegoodsstrictlywithintheperiodstipulatedherein.Intheeventofdelayindelivery,theBuyermaycanceltheContractandclaimdamagesforbreachoftheContract.表語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換AgentorientedtowardasinglegeographicmarketsearchingforproductstoimportandmarketinthehomeCountryisanimportagent.ThedateofregistrationoftheJointVentureCompanyshallbethedateoftheestablishmentoftheboardofdirectorsoftheJointVentureCompany.表語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為謂語(yǔ)Inthecourseofarbitration,theContractshallbecontinuouslyexecutedbybothpartiesexceptthepartoftheContractwhichisunderarbitration.WhereasPartyBisintherealestatebusiness,andthetwoPartiesareinconsiderationofthemutualconvenancesandagreestoenterintothisContractunderthetermsandconditionssetforthasfollows:定語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換定語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為謂語(yǔ)ThesampleofthemachinesubmittedbytheSellerisfeaturedbynovelshape,easyoperation,highcalorificefficiencyandlowfuelWelookforwardtoaneverincreasingvolumeofbusinesswithyourglassfactories.Weclaimfromshortageinweightandlowqualityontheconsignmentofwheatshippedpers.s.“PrincessVictoria”.定語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為狀語(yǔ)Anydisputesarisingfromtheexecutionof,orinconnectionwiththeContractshallbesettledthroughfriendlyconsultationsbetweenbothParties.Incasenosettlementcanbereachedthroughconsultations,thedisputesshallbesubmittedforarbitration.TheJointVenture’sproductstobesoldinChinamaybehandledbytheChineseMaterialsandCommercialDepartmentsbymeansofagencyorexclusivesales,ordirectsalebytheJointVentureCompany.狀語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換狀語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為主語(yǔ)TheconditionsforestablishmentoftheJointVentureCompanyandthetotalamountofinvestmentandregisteredcapitalarestipulatedinthisContract.ForthepurposeofthisContract,thePartyBdesirestointroducethePatentandengageinproductioncooperationinaccordancewiththetechnicalknow-howspecifiedinthePatent.TheproductsfairwillbeheldattheStandardElectricalCo.,Madrid,SpainwiththeBuyersrepresentatives.狀語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為漢語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)InthisContract,thePackingClausestipulatesforonegrosstothepolythenebag,coveredwithpaperbox,50paperboxestoaninnercarton,2innercartonstoawoodencase.三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的翻譯被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換翻譯1）動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者轉(zhuǎn)化為漢語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)ThisContractismadebyandbetweentheBuyerandtheSeller,wherebytheBuyeragreestobuyandSelleragreestoselltheunder-mentionedcommodityaccordingtothetermsandconditionsstipulatedbelow.IfanytermsandconditionstothisContractarebreachedandthebreachisnotcorrectedbyanypartywithin15daysafterawrittennoticethereofisgivenbytheotherparty,thenthenon-breachingpartyshallhavetheoptiontoterminatethisContractbygivingawrittennoticethereoftothebreachingparty.AllthepaymentsshallbemadeintheU.S.CurrencybytheBuyertotheSellerbytelegraphictransfertotheSeller’sdesignatedaccountwiththeBankofChina,Beijing,China.2)英語(yǔ)句中的某一狀語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為主語(yǔ)ThecostofthenonreturnablecontainersofthegoodssoldunderthisContractisincludedinthepriceshereinspecified.Theproductiondesign,technologyofmanufacturing,meansoftestingmaterialsprescription,standardofqualityandtrainingofpersonnelshallstipulatedinChapter4inthiscontract.Theestablishment,remunerationandtheexpensesofthestaffofthepreparationandconstructionoffice,whenagreedbybothparties,shallbecoveredintheprojectbudget.3）把英語(yǔ)句子中的主語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語(yǔ)Incasethequality,quantityorweightofthegoodsisfoundnotinconformitytothosestipulatedinthisContractafterreinspectionbytheChinaImportandExportCommodityInspectionBureauwithin15daysafterthearrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,theBuyershallreturnthegoodsto,orlodgeclaimagainsttheSellerforcompensationoflossesuponthestrengthofInspectionCertificateissuedbythesaidBureau,withtheexceptionofthoseclaimsforwhichtheinsurersorthecarriersareliable.UpontheexpirationofthedurationorterminationbeforethedateofexpirationoftheJointVenture,liquidationshallbecarriedoutaccordingtorelevantlaw.TheliquidatedassetsshallbedistributedinaccordancewiththeproportionofinvestmentcontributedbyPartyAandPartyB.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的順序1)按原句語(yǔ)序譯成漢語(yǔ)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)TheSellershallnotbeheldresponsibleforlatedeliveryornon-deliveryofthegoodsowingtogenerallyrecognizedForceMajeurecauses.TheSellershallbeentitledtoterminatethisContractintheeventoffailurebytheBuyertocomplywithanytermsorconditionsstatedinthisArticle.按原句語(yǔ)序譯成漢語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)ThetermforthetechnologytransferagreementissignedbyJointCompanyandPartyBanditshallbeapprovedbytheapprovalauthority.AlltheequipmentandmaterialssuppliedbytheSellershallbeinspectedbytheBuyerandthequalitycertificatesandinspectionandtestrecordsshallbeissuedbythemanufacturer.itis+p.p.ItismutuallyagreedthatthecertificateofqualityandquantityorweightissuedbythemanufacturershallbepartofthedocumentforpaymentwiththeadoptedLetterofCredit.ItisessentiallystressedthattheBuyersarerequestedtosignandreturntheduplicateofthisContractwithin3daysfromthedateofreceipt.Intheeventoffailuretodothis,theSellersreservetherighttocanceltheContract.ItisstrictlyunderstoodthatthenumberofemployeestobetrainedbytheContractoratanyonetimeshallnomorethan(…)四、從句的翻譯1.狀語(yǔ)從句的翻譯1）If若，如果IftheForceMajeureeventlastsover40days,theBuyershallhavetherighttocanceltheContractortheundeliveredpartoftheContract.IfanychangeisrequiredregardingthetermsandconditionstothisAgreement,thenbothpartiesshallnegotiateinordertofindasuitablesolution,providedhowever,thatanychangetothisAgreementshallbesubjecttotheapprovalbytheChineseGovernment.Claims,ifany,shallbesubmittedbyTelexwithinfourteendaysafterthearrivalofthegoodsatdestination.Contingentshares,ifany,tobeissuedhereundershallbedeterminedonthebasisoftheafter-taxconsolidatedearningofSeller.Saidamountshallbereducedbythesumofthedifference,ifany,betweentheinventoryvalueofsmallequipmentandtheclosinginventoryvaluethereof.Incase如，若IncasetheBuyerfailtocarryoutanyofthetermsorconditionstothisContractwiththeSeller,theSellershallhavetherighttoterminatealloranypartofthisContractwiththeBuyerorpostponeshipmentorstopanygoodsintransitandtheBuyershallineverysuchcasebeliabletotheSellerforalllosses,damagesandexpensestherebyincurred.Incaseofanydivergenceofinterpretation,theChinesetextshallprevail.Incaseofqualitydiscrepancy,claimsshallbefiledbytheBuyerwithin30daysafterthearrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination.Intheeventthat若，如果，假如IntheeventthatdeficienciesintheEquipmentbecomeevident,suchdeficienciesshallcorrectedbyABCduringthetwodaysperweekduringwhichthePurchaserwillnotbetesting.IntheeventthattheDocumentssuppliedbyPartyBarenotinconformitywiththestipulationsinSections8.2,PartyBshall,withintheshortestpossibletimebutnotlaterthan30daysafterthereceiptofthePartyA’swrittennotice,dispatchfreeofchargetoPartyAthemissingorthecorrectandlegibleDocuments.Intheeventofgraftorseriousderelictionofdutyonthepartofthegeneralmanagerand/ordeputygeneralmanagers,theBoardofDirectorsshallhavethepowertodismissthematwill.should+subj.+verb.ShouldanyofthestipulationstotheContractbealtered,amended,supplementedordeleted,thesameshallbenegotiatedbetweenandagreeduponbybothpartiesandwrittendocumentsshallbesignedbytherepresentativesofbothparties.ShouldtheeffectofForceMajeurecontinuemorethanonehundredandtwenty(120)consecutivedays,bothpartiesshallsettlethefurtherexecutionoftheContractthroughfriendlynegotiationsassoonaspossible.Unless=ifnot,exceptiforexceptwhenUnlessexpresslyagreedto,theportofshipmentisattheoption.Unlessotherwisestatedthereafter,theaccountingprinciplesemployedshallbethesameasthoseappliedintheproceedingyears.NeitherPartyshallhavetherighttorepresenttheotherpartyunlessotherwisearranged.Providedthat…Nosalaryshallbepaidandchargedagainsttheoperatingexpenses,providedthatthecommissionorbrokerageoftheSecondPartyshallbepaidandchargedasapartoftheoperatingexpenses.ProvidedthatPartyBdesirestocontinueleasingtheflat,PartyBshallnotifyPartyAinwritingtowmonthsinadvanceofexpiryoftheleasedandanewcontactshallbesigned.AlldisputesinconnectionwithorintheexecutionofthisContractshallbesettledthroughfriendlynegotiation.Wherenosettlementcanbereached,thedisputesshallbesubmittedforarbitration.WhenonepartytotheJointVentureCompanyassignsallorpartofhisinvestment,theotherpartyhaspreemptiveright.2）.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的翻譯。After…之日起AftertheSellerreceivestherelativedocumentsissuedbytheShippingCompany,theSellershallpaytotheBuyerwithin20(twenty)days.Before……后，才能……BothPartiesshallapplytotheirrespectivegovernmentauthoritiesforapprovalbeforetheContractisofficiallysigned.2）定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯限定性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯PartyBguaranteesthatthetechnicaldocumentstobesuppliedbyPartyBarethelatesttechnicalinformationwhichhasbeenputintopracticalusebyPartyB.Shipmentshallbecommencedwithin10monthscountingfromthedatewhenthecontractcomeintoforceandcompletedwithin16months.“NetSellingPrice”meansthepriceatwhichtheproductissoldbyPartyBfromtimetotimeafterdeductionofpacking,installationandfreightcharge,tradeandquantitydiscount,commission,insuranceandcommoditytax,ifany,directlyapplicableofProduct.TheSellerensuresthatalltheequipmentlistedinAppendixOnetotheContractarebrand-newproductswhoseperformanceshallbeinconformitywiththeContractandwhicharemanufacturedaccordingtothecurrentChineseNationalStandardsorStandard.Alldrawings,designs,specificationsandallothertechnicalinformationmadeavailableunderthisContractbyPartyBshallbekeptstrictlyconfidentialbyPartyAwhoshallnotsell,transferordivulgeitinanymannertoanyoneexceptthoseofitsownemployeeswhowillbeusingitinamanufactureoftheProduct,withoutpriorwrittenconsentofthePartyB.非限定性定語(yǔ)從句If,throughtheSeller’sdefault,theshipmentisdelayedbeyond30days,theBuyershallthenbeentitledtomakeotherpurchaseofthesamesortofgoodsatanylowermarketprice;orhemaycancelitsorderthroughatelegramtotheSeller,whichisrequiredtogettothelatterpriortothebeginningofanyshipment.IfwithinthirtydaysofthegivingofsuchnoticenosuccessorAgentshallhavebeensoappointedandacceptedsuchappointment,theretiringAgentmayappointasuccessorAgent,whichshallbeabankhavingacombinedcapitalandsurplusofatleastUSD50,000,000,orequivalentthereofinanothercurrency,oranaffiliateofsuchabank.三、句子及從句中的狀語(yǔ)的翻譯句子中狀語(yǔ)的翻譯Alldisputesshall,firstofall,besettledamicablybynegotiation.Theboardmeetingshall,undertheContract,beheldonthelocationoftheCompany.TheContractorshall,throughouttheexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofanydefectsherein,takeallreasonablestepstoprotecttheenvironmentonandoffthesite.TheJointVentureCompanyshall,inthefirstthreemonthsofeachfiscalyear,workoutthe