the-history-of-EnglandPP教學(xué)講解課件

ThehistoryofEngland1ThehistoryofEngland1MainorderPrehistory(before43AD)史前英格蘭RomanBritain(43-410)羅馬時(shí)期Anglo-SaxonconquestsandthefoundingofEngland(about410-1707)盎格魯-撒克遜英格蘭歷史NormanEngland（1066-1154）諾曼王朝EnglandunderthePlantagenets(1154-1471)金雀花王朝2MainorderPrehistory(beforeHouseofYork(1461-1485)約克王朝TudorofEngland（1485-1603）都鐸王朝HouseofStuart(1603-1649,1660-1707)斯圖亞特王朝CommonwealthofEngland(1649-1653,1659-1707)英格蘭聯(lián)邦TheProtectorate(1653-1659)護(hù)國(guó)公時(shí)期

3HouseofYork(1461-1485)約克王朝KingdomofGreatBritain(1707-1800）大不列顛王國(guó)UnitedKingdomof

GreatBritainandIreland（1801-1922）大不列顛及愛(ài)爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(guó)UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland（1922tonow)大不列顛及北愛(ài)爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(guó)4KingdomofGreatBritain(1707ThehistoryofEnglandconcernsthestudyofthehumanpastinoneofEurope‘soldestandmostinfluentialnationalterritories.WhatisnowEngland,acountrywithintheUnitedKingdom,wasinhabitedbyNeanderthals（尼安德特人）230,000yearsago.Continuoushumanhabitationdatestoaround12,000yearsago,attheendofthelastglacialperiod(第四冰期）.TheregionhasnumerousremainsfromtheMesolithic,Neolithic,andBronzeAge,suchasStonehengeandAvebury.IntheIronAge,England,likeallofBritainsouthoftheFirthofForth,wasinhabitedbytheCeltic（凱爾特人）peopleknownastheBritons（不列顛人）.5ThehistoryofEnglandconcernIn1066,theNormansinvadedandconqueredEngland.TherewasmuchcivilwarandbattleswithothernationsthroughouttheMiddleAges（中世紀(jì)）.TheKingdomofEnglandwasasovereign（君主）stateuntilthereign（統(tǒng)治時(shí)期）ofRichardIwhomadeitavassal（附庸）oftheHolyRomanEmpirein1194.In1212duringthereignofhisbrotherJohnLacklandtheKingdominsteadbecameatribute-payingvassaloftheHolySee

34untilthe16thcenturywhenHenryVIII

brokefromtheCatholicChurch.DuringtheRenaissance（文藝復(fù)興）,EnglandwasruledbytheTudors.EnglandhadconqueredWalesinthe12thcenturyandwasthenunitedwithScotlandintheearly18thcenturytoformanewsovereignstatecalledGreatBritain.FollowingtheIndustrialRevolution,GreatBritainruledaworldwideEmpire,thelargestintheworld.Followingaprocessofdecolonization（非殖民地化）inthe20thcenturythevastmajorityoftheempirebecameindependent;however,itsculturalimpactiswidespreadanddeepinmanycountriesofthepresentday.6In1066,theNormansinvadedaPrehistory(before43AD)ArchaeologicalevidenceindicatesthatwhatwaslatersouthernBritanniawascolonizedbyhumanslongbeforetherestoftheBritishIslesbecauseofitsmorehospitableclimatebetweenandduringthevariousglacialperiodsofthedistantpast.TheSweetTrackintheSomerset（筋斗）Levelsistheoldesttimber(木船)trackwaydiscoveredinNorthernEuropeandamongtheoldestroadsintheworld,andwasbuiltin3807or3806BC.

7Prehistory(before43AD)ArchaTheStonehenge8TheStonehenge8RomanBritain(43-410)JuliusCaesarinvadedsouthernBritainin55and54BCandwroteinDeBelloGallicothatthepopulationofsouthernBritanniawasextremelylargeandsharedmuchincommonwiththeBelgaeoftheLowCountries.CoinevidenceandtheworkoflaterRomanhistorianshaveprovidedthenamesofsomeoftherulersofthedisparatetribesandtheirmachinationsinwhatwasBritannia.UntiltheRomanConquestofBritain,Britain‘sBritishpopulationwasrelativelystable,andbythetimeofJuliusCaesar’sfirstinvasion,theBritishpopulationofwhatwaswesternoldBritainwasspeakingaCelticlanguagegenerallythoughttobetheforerunnerofthemodernBrythonic(布里吞語(yǔ)）languages.10AfterJuliusCaesarabandonedBritain,itfellbackintothehandsoftheBritonsandtheBelgae.

9RomanBritain(43-410)JuliusCaHadrian‘sWall(哈德良長(zhǎng)城）viewedfromVercovicium10Hadrian‘sWall(哈德良長(zhǎng)城）viewedfPost-RomanBritainInthewakeofthebreakdownofRomanruleinBritainaround410,presentdayEnglandwasprogressivelysettledbyGermanicgroups.CollectivelyknownastheAnglo-Saxons,theseincludedJutesfromJutlandtogetherwithlargernumbersofSaxonsfromnorthwesternGermanyandAnglesfromwhatisnowSchleswig-Holstein.

11Post-RomanBritainInthewakeAnglo-SaxonconquestsandthefoundingofEngland(about410-1707)Inapproximately495,attheBattleofMountBadon,Britonsinflicted（遭受）aseveredefeatonaninvadingAnglo-SaxonarmywhichhaltedthewestwardAnglo-Saxonadvanceforsomedecades.

12Anglo-SaxonconquestsandtheKingdomsandtribesinBritain,c.600AD13KingdomsandtribesinBritainNormanEngland（1066-1154）TheNormanConquestledtoasea-changeinthehistoryoftheEnglishstate.Williamorderedthecompilation（編輯）oftheDomesdayBook,asurveyoftheentirepopulationandtheirlandsandpropertyfortaxpurposes,whichrevealsthatwithintwentyyearsoftheconquesttheEnglishrulingclasshadbeenalmostentirelydispossessedandreplacedbyNormanlandholders

14NormanEngland（1066-1154）TheDepiction(描述）oftheBattleofHastings（黑斯停斯）(1066)ontheBayeuxTapestry15Depiction(描述）oftheBattleofEnglandunderthePlantagenets(1154-1471)金雀花王朝Geoffroy‘sson,Henry,resumedtheinvasion;hewasalreadyCountofAnjou,DukeofNormandyandDukeofAquitainewhenhelandedinEngland.WhenStephen’ssonandheirapparentEustacediedin1153,thekingreachedanaccommodationwithHenryofAnjou(whobecameHenryII)tosucceedStephenandinwhichpeacebetweenthemwasguaranteed.Englandwaspartofagreaterunion,retrospectively（回顧地）namedtheAngevinEmpire.

16EnglandunderthePlantagenetsThesigningoftheMagnaCarta

17ThesigningoftheMagnaCartaCenturywarbetweenEnglandandFrance(1337-1453)TheyfoughtforterritoriesandpowerofKing.TheendwasthatEnglandlostalltheterritoriesofthecontinent,andFrancewasunited.Thousandsofpeopledied.18CenturywarbetweenEnglandanTudorofEngland(1485-1603)都鐸王朝HenryVIIWithHenryVII‘saccessiontothethrone（寶座）in1485,theWarsoftheRosescametoanend,andTudorswouldcontinuetoruleEnglandfor118years..HenryVIIIHenryVIIIbeganhisreignwithahighdegreeofoptimism.Thehandsome,athleticyoungkingstoodinsharpcontrasttohiswary（機(jī)警的）,miserly（吝嗇的）father.Henry'slavishcourtquicklydrainedthetreasuryofthefortunehehadinherited.19TudorofEngland(1485-1603)都鐸HenryVIII20HenryVIII20ElizabethI21ElizabethI21寫(xiě)在最后成功的基礎(chǔ)在于好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣Thefoundationofsuccessliesingoodhabits22寫(xiě)在最后成功的基礎(chǔ)在于好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣22謝謝大家榮幸這一路，與你同行It'SAnHonorToWalkWithYouAllTheWay講師：XXXXXXXX年XX月XX日

23謝謝大家講師：XXXXXX23ThehistoryofEngland24ThehistoryofEngland1MainorderPrehistory(before43AD)史前英格蘭RomanBritain(43-410)羅馬時(shí)期Anglo-SaxonconquestsandthefoundingofEngland(about410-1707)盎格魯-撒克遜英格蘭歷史NormanEngland（1066-1154）諾曼王朝EnglandunderthePlantagenets(1154-1471)金雀花王朝25MainorderPrehistory(beforeHouseofYork(1461-1485)約克王朝TudorofEngland（1485-1603）都鐸王朝HouseofStuart(1603-1649,1660-1707)斯圖亞特王朝CommonwealthofEngland(1649-1653,1659-1707)英格蘭聯(lián)邦TheProtectorate(1653-1659)護(hù)國(guó)公時(shí)期

26HouseofYork(1461-1485)約克王朝KingdomofGreatBritain(1707-1800）大不列顛王國(guó)UnitedKingdomof

GreatBritainandIreland（1801-1922）大不列顛及愛(ài)爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(guó)UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland（1922tonow)大不列顛及北愛(ài)爾蘭聯(lián)合王國(guó)27KingdomofGreatBritain(1707ThehistoryofEnglandconcernsthestudyofthehumanpastinoneofEurope‘soldestandmostinfluentialnationalterritories.WhatisnowEngland,acountrywithintheUnitedKingdom,wasinhabitedbyNeanderthals（尼安德特人）230,000yearsago.Continuoushumanhabitationdatestoaround12,000yearsago,attheendofthelastglacialperiod(第四冰期）.TheregionhasnumerousremainsfromtheMesolithic,Neolithic,andBronzeAge,suchasStonehengeandAvebury.IntheIronAge,England,likeallofBritainsouthoftheFirthofForth,wasinhabitedbytheCeltic（凱爾特人）peopleknownastheBritons（不列顛人）.28ThehistoryofEnglandconcernIn1066,theNormansinvadedandconqueredEngland.TherewasmuchcivilwarandbattleswithothernationsthroughouttheMiddleAges（中世紀(jì)）.TheKingdomofEnglandwasasovereign（君主）stateuntilthereign（統(tǒng)治時(shí)期）ofRichardIwhomadeitavassal（附庸）oftheHolyRomanEmpirein1194.In1212duringthereignofhisbrotherJohnLacklandtheKingdominsteadbecameatribute-payingvassaloftheHolySee

34untilthe16thcenturywhenHenryVIII

brokefromtheCatholicChurch.DuringtheRenaissance（文藝復(fù)興）,EnglandwasruledbytheTudors.EnglandhadconqueredWalesinthe12thcenturyandwasthenunitedwithScotlandintheearly18thcenturytoformanewsovereignstatecalledGreatBritain.FollowingtheIndustrialRevolution,GreatBritainruledaworldwideEmpire,thelargestintheworld.Followingaprocessofdecolonization（非殖民地化）inthe20thcenturythevastmajorityoftheempirebecameindependent;however,itsculturalimpactiswidespreadanddeepinmanycountriesofthepresentday.29In1066,theNormansinvadedaPrehistory(before43AD)ArchaeologicalevidenceindicatesthatwhatwaslatersouthernBritanniawascolonizedbyhumanslongbeforetherestoftheBritishIslesbecauseofitsmorehospitableclimatebetweenandduringthevariousglacialperiodsofthedistantpast.TheSweetTrackintheSomerset（筋斗）Levelsistheoldesttimber(木船)trackwaydiscoveredinNorthernEuropeandamongtheoldestroadsintheworld,andwasbuiltin3807or3806BC.

30Prehistory(before43AD)ArchaTheStonehenge31TheStonehenge8RomanBritain(43-410)JuliusCaesarinvadedsouthernBritainin55and54BCandwroteinDeBelloGallicothatthepopulationofsouthernBritanniawasextremelylargeandsharedmuchincommonwiththeBelgaeoftheLowCountries.CoinevidenceandtheworkoflaterRomanhistorianshaveprovidedthenamesofsomeoftherulersofthedisparatetribesandtheirmachinationsinwhatwasBritannia.UntiltheRomanConquestofBritain,Britain‘sBritishpopulationwasrelativelystable,andbythetimeofJuliusCaesar’sfirstinvasion,theBritishpopulationofwhatwaswesternoldBritainwasspeakingaCelticlanguagegenerallythoughttobetheforerunnerofthemodernBrythonic(布里吞語(yǔ)）languages.10AfterJuliusCaesarabandonedBritain,itfellbackintothehandsoftheBritonsandtheBelgae.

32RomanBritain(43-410)JuliusCaHadrian‘sWall(哈德良長(zhǎng)城）viewedfromVercovicium33Hadrian‘sWall(哈德良長(zhǎng)城）viewedfPost-RomanBritainInthewakeofthebreakdownofRomanruleinBritainaround410,presentdayEnglandwasprogressivelysettledbyGermanicgroups.CollectivelyknownastheAnglo-Saxons,theseincludedJutesfromJutlandtogetherwithlargernumbersofSaxonsfromnorthwesternGermanyandAnglesfromwhatisnowSchleswig-Holstein.

34Post-RomanBritainInthewakeAnglo-SaxonconquestsandthefoundingofEngland(about410-1707)Inapproximately495,attheBattleofMountBadon,Britonsinflicted（遭受）aseveredefeatonaninvadingAnglo-SaxonarmywhichhaltedthewestwardAnglo-Saxonadvanceforsomedecades.

35Anglo-SaxonconquestsandtheKingdomsandtribesinBritain,c.600AD36KingdomsandtribesinBritainNormanEngland（1066-1154）TheNormanConquestledtoasea-changeinthehistoryoftheEnglishstate.Williamorderedthecompilation（編輯）oftheDomesdayBook,asurveyoftheentirepopulationandtheirlandsandpropertyfortaxpurposes,whichrevealsthatwithintwentyyearsoftheconquesttheEnglishrulingclasshadbeenalmostentirelydispossessedandreplacedbyNormanlandholders

37NormanEngland（1066-1154）TheDepiction(描述）oftheBattleofHastings（黑斯停斯）(1066)ontheBayeuxTapestry38Depiction(描述）oftheBattleofEnglandunderthePlantagenets(1154-1471)金雀花王朝Geoffroy‘sson,Henry,resumedtheinvasion;hewasalreadyCountofAnjou,DukeofNormandyandDukeofAquitainewhenhelandedinEngland.WhenSteph