埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)法律觀探析,法社會(huì)學(xué)論文

埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)法律觀探析,法社會(huì)學(xué)論文【題目】埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)法律觀探析【第一章】【第二章】【3.13.2】【3.33.4】【第四章】【第五章】【結(jié)束語/以下為參考文獻(xiàn)】內(nèi)容摘要人類對(duì)法律的認(rèn)知大致經(jīng)歷了從宗教法律觀到理性法律觀再至國家法律觀最后至當(dāng)下的社會(huì)法律觀這樣一種經(jīng)過，這是一個(gè)對(duì)法律的認(rèn)知不斷理性、深化的經(jīng)過。及至當(dāng)下頗受關(guān)注的社會(huì)法律觀，它反映了人類對(duì)法律更為深入的理解，基于這種法律觀，在某種程度上，法律與宗教無關(guān)，與理性無關(guān)；也在相當(dāng)程度上，法律與國家無關(guān)，法律是社會(huì)之物。社會(huì)法律觀是法社會(huì)學(xué)派或者講社會(huì)法學(xué)派對(duì)法律所持有的一種基本的觀點(diǎn)，而論及法社會(huì)學(xué)則不能不提尤根埃利希作為法社會(huì)學(xué)的奠基人，埃利希對(duì)法社會(huì)學(xué)的誕生和發(fā)展都功居至偉，其卓越著作(法律社會(huì)學(xué)基本原理〕一書則為法社會(huì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域中的不朽經(jīng)典。埃利希將社會(huì)學(xué)的理論和方式方法引入到法學(xué)研究之中，拓寬了法學(xué)研究的視域，更新了法學(xué)研究的方式方法，這被視為其對(duì)法學(xué)研究卓越而永遠(yuǎn)恒久的奉獻(xiàn)。在筆者看來，埃利希最偉大的奉獻(xiàn)則在于其開創(chuàng)建立、發(fā)展了一門迄今最為純粹、最為徹底的法社會(huì)學(xué)。本文主要建構(gòu)于對(duì)埃利希的不朽著作(法律社會(huì)學(xué)基本原理〕的文本解讀的基礎(chǔ)之上，通過對(duì)文本的解讀、梳理以及結(jié)合其他理論和中國語境來探究埃利希的法社會(huì)學(xué)思想，力圖較為客觀而詳盡地呈現(xiàn)埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)思想的全貌。本文除緒論、結(jié)束語部分之外，正文分四部分來撰寫。第一部分主要考察埃利希埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)思想產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)歷史背景和思想理論淵源，本部分主要從作為特定時(shí)空的法律人、現(xiàn)實(shí)訴求與理論回應(yīng)、借鑒運(yùn)用與批判繼承三個(gè)層面來闡述。第二部分為本文之核心章節(jié)，著重梳理、闡述埃利希之法社會(huì)學(xué)思想的主要內(nèi)容。該部分分別從本體論、價(jià)值論、方式方法論、社會(huì)論四個(gè)方面來透視埃利希的法社會(huì)學(xué)思想理論。第三部分主要探尋求索埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)理論中所蘊(yùn)涵的歷史唯物主義思想，以此來講明埃利希對(duì)歷史唯物主義法律觀在某種程度上、在某些方面的繼承與發(fā)展，并在這里基礎(chǔ)上審視埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)思想的科學(xué)性。第四部分分別從歷史文化和地域民族兩個(gè)層面將中國語境下的法律置于埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)法律觀的視角下進(jìn)行考察和檢視，反省中國自個(gè)的法律。本文的創(chuàng)新之處主要具體表現(xiàn)出在下面若干方面：其一，在緒論部分的國外國內(nèi)研究狀況部分，較之于之前的相關(guān)主題論著筆者增添了更為新穎、豐富、詳實(shí)的材料。其二，在論及埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)思想的產(chǎn)生時(shí)，筆者專節(jié)考察了埃利希其人。埃利希的家庭出身、知識(shí)構(gòu)造、文化層次、宗教信仰、人生境遇、生活環(huán)境、社會(huì)閱歷、職業(yè)履歷等都對(duì)其法社會(huì)學(xué)思想的產(chǎn)生有著至關(guān)重要的影響。其三，在討論埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)思想理論淵源時(shí)，筆者引入了埃利希頗為贊揚(yáng)的祁克的社會(huì)聯(lián)合體等相關(guān)理論。華而不實(shí)，埃利希對(duì)祁克的社會(huì)聯(lián)合體理論加以揚(yáng)棄，提出了其獨(dú)具特色的社會(huì)聯(lián)合體的概念，這一概念構(gòu)成了埃利希(法律社會(huì)學(xué)基本原理〕一書的最為核心的概念之一。其四，筆者在本文的第四章嘗試著探尋求索埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)理論中所蘊(yùn)含的的歷史唯物主義思想。埃利希強(qiáng)調(diào)法律秩序、法律關(guān)系、活法源于社會(huì)法律事實(shí)、強(qiáng)調(diào)法律取決于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況；而歷史唯物主義則強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)存在決定社會(huì)意識(shí)、經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)決定上層建筑的基本哲學(xué)理念之下社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)法律決定作用；二者之間這種深?yuàn)W玄妙的關(guān)系則構(gòu)成了筆者審視埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)思想的歷史唯物主義蘊(yùn)涵的主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)。其五，在本文的第五章，筆者扼要地審視了埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)視角下中國語境中的法律，這種審視不僅有對(duì)中國少數(shù)民族地區(qū)社會(huì)、法律的考察，更有對(duì)中國古代歷史上受儒家思想文化支配的漢民族地區(qū)社會(huì)、法律的考察，而這種考察對(duì)以更為客觀、公正的目光來審視中國自個(gè)的法律不無裨益。鑒于第四、第五兩章為探尋求索性、嘗試性的寫作，文中瑕疵之處或許自當(dāng)難免。本文關(guān)鍵詞語：尤根埃利希法社會(huì)學(xué)社會(huì)聯(lián)合體法律事實(shí)法律命題活法歷史唯物主義中國語境AbstractThehumanscognitionofthelawhasundergonesomechangesfromreligiousnotiontotherationalnotionandthentothecountrynotionandfinallytothecurrentsocialnotionsuchaprocess,whichisaconstantlyrationalanddeepeningcognitiveprocessofthelaw.Asforthehigh-profilesocialnotionoflawcurrently,itreflectsthemoreprofoundhumanscognitionofthelaw,andbasedonthiskindnotionoflaw,tosomeextent,thelawisirrelevanttoreligion,irrelevanttoration;Alsoinagreatextent,ithasnothingtodowiththenationallaw,lawisthethingofthesociety.Socialnotionofthelawisbasicpointofviewwhichisheldbysociologicalschooloflaw.Whenitcomestosociologicaljurisprudence,wemustdiscussEugenEhrlich.Asthefounderofsociologicaljurisprudence,Ehrlichcontributesalottothebirthanddevelopmentofthesociologyoflaw,hisexcellentwork(fundamentalprinciplesofthesociologyoflaw〕isimmortalclassicinthefieldoflawsociology.Ehrlichintroducesthetheoriesandmethodsofsociologytolawstudy,broadeningthevisionofthejurisprudence,updatedtheresearchmethodsofthejurisprudence,whichisseenashisexcellentandeternalcontributiontothelegalresearch.Inmyopinion,Ehrlichsgreatestcontributionliesinthathehascreatedanddevelopedamostpureandradicalsociologyoflaw.ThisthesisisbasedonthetextinterpretationsofEhrlichsmasterpiece(fundamentalprinciplesofthesociologyoflaw〕，throughtheinterpretationsandcombsofthetextandcombinedwithothertheoriesandChinesecontext,theauthorattemptstoexploreEhrlichsthoughtsofsociologyoflawandtriestopresentobjectiveanddetailedEhrlichsthoughtsofsociologyoflawasawhole.Inthisthesis,besidesintroductionandconclusionpart,thetextisdividedintofourpartstowrite.ThefirstpartmainlyinspectsthesocialandhistoricalbackgroundandthoughtsoriginofEhrlichslawsociologythoughttheories,thispartmainlydiscussaboutEhrlichasalegalpersoninaparticularspaceandtime,realitydemandsandresponsetheories,referenceforutilizationandcriticalinheritancesuchthreeaspects.Thesecondpartisthecorepartofthisthesis,emphaticallycombingandexpoundingthemaincontentofEhrlichslawsociologythoughts.ThispartperspectivesEhrlichthoughtsandtheoriesofsociologyoflawrespectivelyfromthetheoryofontology,valueandmethodology,societyfouraspects.ThethirdpartismainlytoexplorethehistoricalmaterialismthoughtsinEhrlichssociologicaltheoriesoflaw,inordertoexplainEhrlichsinheritanceanddevelopmenttothenotionofhistoricalmaterialismtosomeextent,andbasedonthisreview,tosurveythescientificityofEhrlichslawsociologythoughts.ThefourthpartputsthelawsoftheChinesecontextintheperspectiveofEhrlichssociologicallawnotion,whichareinspectedandreviewedrespectivelyfromtwoaspectsofhistoricalcultureandregionalethnic,reflectsontheownlawofChina.Theinnovationsofthisthesisismainlymanifestedinthefollowingseveralaspects:first,intheintroductionpartofforeignanddomesticresearchstatus,comparedwiththepreviousrelatedthemeworks,theauthoraddsmorenovel,richanddetailedmaterials.Secondly,inregardtotheproduceofEhrlichlawsociologythoughts,theauthorinspectsEhrlichwithaseparatesection.Familybackground,knowledgestructure,culturallevel,religiousbelief,lifesituation,livingenvironment,socialexperience,professionalresumehaveacrucialimpactonEhrlichsthoughtofsociologyoflaw.Third,whendiscussingthethoughttheoryoriginsofEhrlichslawsociology,theauthorintroducesGierkestheoryofsocialassociationwhichEhrlichratherappreciated.EhrlichsublatesGierkessocialassociationtheoryandputsforwardtheconceptofhisuniquesocialassociation,thisconceptconstitutesthemostcoreconceptof(fundamentalprinciplesofthesociologyoflaw〕.fourthly,theauthorinthefourthchapterofthisthesistriestoexplorethehistoricalmaterialismthoughtsinEhrlichstheoriesofsociologyoflaw.Ehrlichemphasizesthatlegalorder,legalrelationship,livinglawaretheresultsofsociallawfactsandlawdependsonthesocialandeconomicconditions;Andhistoricalmaterialismemphasizesthatthesocialexistencedeterminessocialconsciousness,theeconomicbasedeterminesthesuperstructure,basedonthebasicphilosop場，thesocietyandeconomydeterminethelaw;ThisdelicaterelationshipbetweenthemformsthemainmotivationoftheauthortosurveythehistoricalmaterialismthoughtsinEhrlichstheoriesofsociologyoflaw.Fifthly,inthefifthchapterofthisthesis,theauthorbrieflysurveysthelawinthecontextofChinabasedonEhrlichslawsociology,thissurveycontainsnotonlytheinspectionofthesocietyandlawofChinasethnicminorityareas,butalsotheinspectionofthesocietyandlawoftheancientChinesehannationalityareascontrolledbytheConfuciancultureinthehistory,andtheinspectionbenefitstosurveyChinasownlawwithamoreobjectiveandfairview.Inviewoftheexploratoryandtentativewritinginhefourthchapterandfifthchapter,thedefectsa