大學(xué)英語課件B4U

(大學(xué)英語課件）B4-U11

七月，你看著英俊的21歲的兒子穿上學(xué)士袍，戴上四方帽，驕傲地握著優(yōu)等學(xué)士學(xué)位證書，拍畢業(yè)照。這時(shí)，記憶中每年支付幾千英鎊，好讓兒子吃好、并能偶爾參加聚會(huì)的記憶開始消退。但現(xiàn)在，你又不得不再考慮錢的問題。Text4

來自米德爾塞克斯郡的杰克·古德溫今年夏天從諾丁漢大學(xué)政治學(xué)系畢業(yè)，獲得二級(jí)一等榮譽(yù)學(xué)士學(xué)位。他走進(jìn)大學(xué)就業(yè)服務(wù)中心，但又徑直走了出來，因?yàn)樗匆姾芏嗳嗽谀抢锱砰L(zhǎng)隊(duì)。跟他一起住的另外5個(gè)男孩子也都跟他一樣，進(jìn)去又出來了。找工作的壓力不大，雖然他所認(rèn)識(shí)的大多數(shù)女生都有更明確的計(jì)劃。Text5

他說：“我申請(qǐng)政治學(xué)研究工作，但被拒絕了。他們給的年薪是1萬8千鎊，交完房租后所剩無幾，也就夠買一罐豆子，可他們還要有研究經(jīng)歷或碩士學(xué)位的人。然后我又申請(qǐng)參加快速晉升人才培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃，并通過了筆試。但在面試時(shí)，他們說我‘太冷漠’了，談吐‘太像專家政治論者’。我覺得自己不可能那樣，但我顯然就是那樣的?！盩ext6

打那以后，他整個(gè)夏天都在“隱身”。他能夠輕松地復(fù)述出電視劇《交通警察》中的若干片段。他白天看電視的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)，已經(jīng)到了影響健康的地步。跟朋友談起自己漫無目標(biāo)的日子時(shí)，他才發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的處境和自己一樣。其中一位朋友在父母的逼迫下去超市上貨，其余的則都是朝九晚五地“無所事事”，晚上則去酒吧喝酒打發(fā)時(shí)間。Text

要么，干脆就在酒吧工作？這樣還可以掙些酒錢?！拔也幌朐诰瓢晒ぷ?。我上的是綜合學(xué)校，我拼命讀書才考上了一所好大學(xué)。到了大學(xué)，我又埋頭苦讀，才取得一個(gè)好學(xué)位?？涩F(xiàn)在我卻跟那些沒上過大學(xué)的做無聊的酒吧侍應(yīng)的朋友處在同一個(gè)水平線上。我覺得自己好像兜了一圈，又回到了原來的起點(diǎn)?！盩ext7

他的母親杰奎琳·古德溫替他辯護(hù)。她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為她的兒子已經(jīng)盡力了。因?yàn)樗约褐袑W(xué)畢業(yè)后一直都在工作，所以她和她的丈夫發(fā)現(xiàn)，建議兒子如何繼續(xù)找工作是件很棘手的事情。她說，“我一直都不得不工作。而現(xiàn)在的年青人很難做到這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槿绻阌辛藢W(xué)位，學(xué)位就會(huì)為你提供新的機(jī)會(huì)，至少你自己會(huì)這么想?！盩ext8

雖然現(xiàn)在她對(duì)兒子的態(tài)度還比較溫和，但是她心里很清楚，去南美度三星期的假之后，他的休假就該結(jié)束了。他可能還得付房租，并分擔(dān)家庭開支。9

她說，“在某個(gè)時(shí)候孩子們總要長(zhǎng)大成人。我們已經(jīng)幫他交了大學(xué)的學(xué)費(fèi)，所以他也該給我們一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)回報(bào)了。南美度假就是一個(gè)分水嶺，他回來以后如果找不到工作，那就圣誕節(jié)打零工好了?！盩ext10

心理治療師蓋爾·林登費(fèi)爾德是《情感康復(fù)策略》的作者。她說古德溫夫婦的做法是很恰當(dāng)?shù)摹拇髮W(xué)到工作的轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)父母和孩子來說都很艱難，關(guān)鍵是父母要在支持理解孩子和不溺愛孩子之間找到一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)。Text11

“父母的主要任務(wù)就是支持孩子，如果他們教導(dǎo)孩子該如何做，那么就會(huì)引起矛盾，如果有熟人，一定要找他們想辦法?！彼f?！暗芏喔改感奶浟?。必須限制孩子的零花錢，要求他們交房租，或分擔(dān)日常生活或養(yǎng)寵物的開銷。父母要維持正常的生活，不要讓孩子隨便用你們的銀行賬戶或者榨干你們的情感能量?！盩ext12

為孩子支付職業(yè)咨詢費(fèi)、面試交通費(fèi)及書費(fèi)是好事，但不能催得太緊。林登費(fèi)爾德建議：雖說父母不能太寬容，但是如果孩子找工作遇到了挫折，父母應(yīng)該體諒他們，寬容他們幾天甚至幾周——這取決于他們受打擊的程度。等他們緩過來之后，父母就該堅(jiān)決要求孩子繼續(xù)求職。Text13

男孩更容易窩在家里。林登費(fèi)爾德相信男人比母親和姐妹更容易幫助兒子、侄子或朋友的兒子。她說，由于男人和女人處理挫折的方式不同，所以男孩需要跟男人談話才能度過難關(guān)。Text14

林登費(fèi)爾德強(qiáng)烈支持去酒吧打工：那是克服畢業(yè)冷漠癥的一劑良方。這工作好不好要取決于你如何看待它。就是在酒吧打工的時(shí)候，林登費(fèi)爾德找到了她的第一份當(dāng)航拍助手的工作。她說在酒吧工作是拓展人際關(guān)系的絕好機(jī)會(huì)，肯定比賴在家里看電視更容易找到工作。Text15

她說：“在超市上貨也一樣。如果干得好，你就會(huì)被人發(fā)現(xiàn)的。如果你聰明、活潑，禮貌待客，你很快就會(huì)升職。所以，把它看作是機(jī)會(huì)。那些最終成功的人士很多都有在超市上貨的經(jīng)歷?！盩ext16

你的兒女可能不會(huì)干好萊塢影星們干過的活，比如像烏比·戈德堡那樣去停尸房給死人化妝，或者像布魯斯·威利斯那樣在核電站當(dāng)警衛(wèi)，但即便是布拉德·皮特也曾經(jīng)不得不穿上寬大的小雞模樣的服裝站在快餐連鎖店ElPolloLoco

的門口招攬生意。他們中沒有一個(gè)人因?yàn)檫@些經(jīng)歷而變得更加窮困。Textgalvanize

vt.

shockoraffectsomeoneenoughtoproduceastrongandimmediatereaction使振奮；刺激；使（某人）震驚或激動(dòng)（并采取行動(dòng)）e.g.1.Hisspeechyesterdaygalvanizedmanyworkersintoaction.他昨天的演講激勵(lì)不少工人行動(dòng)起來了。2.Herlovegalvanizedhimintoyouth.

她的愛使他煥發(fā)了青春的活力。Wordfamily:galvanization

n.

Words&Phrasesfinancially

ad.

fromafinancialpointofview財(cái)政上；金融上e.g.1.HesaysUSoptionswillbelimitedintheyearsaheadbecausethecountryisoverextendedmilitarilyandfinancially.

他表示，由于美國近年來在軍事和財(cái)政上的過度支出，美國的選擇其實(shí)有限。

2.Olderparentsareoftenbetterpreparedfinancially.（CET4-06-06）Wordfamily:financial

a.

involvingmoney財(cái)政的；金融的e.g.Thecompanywasindeepfinancialdifficulties.

該公司陷入了嚴(yán)重的財(cái)務(wù)困難。Words&Phrases

年紀(jì)大一些的父母常常會(huì)多準(zhǔn)備一些錢。fraught

a.

veryworriedandwithalotofproblems憂慮的；焦慮不安的e.g.1.Afterhisspeech,therewasafraughtsilence.他發(fā)言后，出現(xiàn)了一陣令人焦慮不安的沉默。2.Shesoundedabitfraught.她聽上去有點(diǎn)兒憂心忡忡。Words&Phrasesmortarboard

n.[C]

ahatwithastiffsquaretop,wornasasignofacademicachievement.Mortarboardsweretraditionallywornbyteachers

學(xué)位帽；方頂帽Words&PhrasesThesquareacademiccap,oftencalledamortarboard(becauseofitssimilarityinappearancetothehawkusedbybricklayerstoholdmortar),isanitemofacademicheaddressconsistingofahorizontalsquareboardfixeduponaskull-cap,withatasselattachedtothecenter.clutch

vt.

holdsomeoneorsth.firmly緊抓；緊握e.g.1.Themotherclutchedherbabyinherarms.

母親緊緊地把嬰兒抱在懷里。2.Hefelthimselfslippingandclutchedatabranch.

他感覺自己要滑倒就抓住了一根樹枝。3.Heclutchedattheropewethrewtohim.他緊緊抓住我們?nèi)咏o他的繩子。Words&Phrasesgraduation

1)n.[U]theactofreceivingadegreeorotherqualificationafterfinishingyourstudiesatacollegeoruniversity（大學(xué)）畢業(yè)e.g.1.Shemanagedtofindajobimmediatelyaftergraduation.

她剛畢業(yè)就找到了一份工作。2)n.[C]aceremonyatwhichyouaregivenadegreeorotherqualification畢業(yè)典禮e.g.Hehasjustattendedhisdaughter’sgraduation.

他剛剛參加了女兒的畢業(yè)典禮。Wordfamily:graduate

v.

Words&Phrasesslump

1)vt.causetofallorbenddown使倒下；使彎垂e.g.Heslumpedhislankyframeinaneasychair.他那瘦長(zhǎng)的身軀一下子倒在安樂椅里。2.Hewasslumpedsidewaysinaneasyattitude.他蜷著身子，隨意地斜靠著。beslumpedin/oversth.i.e.

besittingstillinapositionthatisnotuprighte.g.

IspenttheeveningslumpedinfrontoftheTV.我一晚上都蜷著身子坐在電視機(jī)前。2.Thefoundhimslumpedoverthewheelofhiscar.

他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他趴在車子的方向盤上。Words&Phrasesslump

vi.

1)sit,lean,orfallheavilyandlimply,esp.withabentback（沉重?zé)o力地）坐下（或倚下、倒下）；垂頭彎腰地坐著e.g.1.Sheslumpedagainstthecushions.

她無力地靠在沙發(fā)墊上。2.Isawherslumpagainstthewall.我看見她無力地靠在墻上。2)besuddenlyreducedtoamuchlowerlevel暴跌；劇降e.g.

Whatcausedthepriceofironstoslump?鋼鐵價(jià)格暴跌是什么原因?Words&Phrasesscion

n.[C]（literary）ayoungmemberofarichorimportantfamily

（名門望族的）子孫，后裔e.g.1.Fortwasascionofawealthystock.

福特是個(gè)富家子弟。2.BakeristhescionofoneofHouston'smostdistinguishedfamilies.貝克是休斯敦一個(gè)名門望族的后裔。Words&Phrasesmorph

v.

graduallychangeoneimageintoanotherusingcomputertechnology,orbechangedinthisway轉(zhuǎn)變；用計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)變換（圖像）e.g.1.Thecomputerprogrammermorphedtheimage.

計(jì)算機(jī)程序員用計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)改變了圖像。2.Inthevideo,MichaelJacksonmorphedintoapanther.

視頻中邁克爾·杰克遜變成了豹。Words&Phrasesgrunt

1)n.[C]ashortlowsoundmadebyapersontoindicatedisgust,approvalordisapproval（表示厭惡、不滿等的）咕噥聲，嘟噥聲e.g.1.Hegaveagrunttoshowhisdisapproval.

他嘟噥一聲表示不滿。2.Heansweredthequestionwithboorishgrunt.

他粗魯?shù)剜絿佒卮饐栴}。2)v.

saysth.usinglowshortsounds,especiallywhenonedoesnotwanttotalk

咕噥著說e.g.Shegruntedsomeincomprehensiblereply.她咕嚕著回答了些令人費(fèi)解的話。Words&Phrasestesting

a.

difficulttodealwith難對(duì)付的；棘手的e.g.

1.Hedidn’tknowhowtodealwiththedifficultandtestingproblem.

他不知道如何處理這極棘手的難題。2.Thatwasreallyatestingsituation.

那可真是傷腦筋的局勢(shì)。Words&Phrasesrevert

v.

(~to)returntoapreviousstateorwayofbehaving,oftenonethatisnotgood恢復(fù)到（原狀或原來的行為方式）e.g.1.Ifyoureverttoyouroldeatinghabits,you’llgainweightagain.

如果你恢復(fù)以前的飲食習(xí)慣，你又會(huì)發(fā)胖的。2.Herevertstodrinkingagain.

他又開始喝酒了。2.Afterthesettlersleft,thearearevertedtodesert.

早期移民離開之后，這個(gè)地區(qū)又變成了一片沙漠。Words&Phrasesnag

v.

frequentlyasksomeonetodosth.thattheydonotwanttodo嘮叨；對(duì)……糾纏不休e.g.1.Hisparentskeepnagginghimtodosomethinginsteadofstayingathomeallday.

他父母不停地對(duì)他嘮叨，讓他做點(diǎn)事情，而不是整天待在家里。2.Shenaggedhimintodoingwhatshewanted.她向他嘮叨，使他不得不去做她要他做的事。3.Shenaggedhimtodeath.她嘮叨得把他煩死了。Words&PhrasestheCivilService

n.[sing]acountry’sgovernmentdepartmentsandthepeoplewhoworkinthem（一國政府的）行政機(jī)關(guān)，全體公務(wù)員e.g.

1.TherearefewwomenintheupperreachesoftheCivilService.行政部門的上層機(jī)構(gòu)中很少有女性任職。2.HeusedhisinfluentialfriendstohelphimgetintotheCivilServicebythebackdoor.

他利用那些有權(quán)有勢(shì)的朋友幫助他走后門，到政府行政部門任職。civilservant

公務(wù)員

Words&Phrasesdetached

a.

notfeelinginvolvedwithsomeoneorsth.inacloseoremotionalway冷淡的；超然的e.g.1.Shehadadetachedexpressiononherface.

她一臉的冷淡。2.Throughalltheargumentsamongothercommitteemembers,shekeptadetachedattitude.

在其他委員會(huì)成員辯論時(shí)，她始終保持超然的態(tài)度。Words&Phrasestechnocratica.

技術(shù)專家政治論的；技術(shù)專家治國論的e.g.Theycallthis“posttotalitariantechnocraticnewauthoritarianregime”.

他們稱之為“后全能主義型的技術(shù)專家治國型的新權(quán)威主義體制”。

Wordfamily:

technocrat

n.anexponentoradvocateoftechnocracy

技術(shù)專家政治論者，技術(shù)專家治國論者e.g.anewgovernmentledbyatechnocrat在專家政治論者領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的新政府Words&Phrasesrecount

vt.(fml)

saywhathappened敘述e.g.1.Herecountedtoushischildhoodadventures.他向我們講述了他孩提時(shí)代的種種歷險(xiǎn)。2.Thestoryofhislifeisvividlyrecountedinthisnewbook.這本新書生動(dòng)地描述了他的一生。Words&Phrasescop

n.[C](infml)

apoliceofficer

警察e.g.1.Icalledthecopstocometogethim.我報(bào)了警，讓警察來抓他。

2.TrafficCopsisaUKtelevisiondocumentaryseriesabouttrafficpolice.

《交通警察》是英國一部關(guān)于交警的紀(jì)錄片電視劇。Words&Phrasesdaytime

n.[U]

theperiodoftimeduringthedaywhenitislightoutside白天；日間e.g.1.Batssleepinthedaytimeandcomeouttohuntforfoodatnight.蝙蝠白天睡覺，夜間出來覓食。2.Henevergoesoutinthedaytime.

他白天從來不出去。Antonym:nighttimeWords&Phrasesaimless

a.

withoutanyparticularpurposeorplan無目的的e.g.1.Shesaidthatherlifeseemedaimless.她說她的生活好像沒有目標(biāo)。2.Heledanaimlesslifeallhislife.

他一輩子渾渾噩噩。Wordfamily:aimlessly

ad.

aimlessness

n.

Words&Phraseschillvi.

passtimewithoutaparticularaimorpurpose,esp.withotherpeople;relaxcompletely

消磨時(shí)光；放松e.g.1.Ispentmostoftheweekendchillingoutatmyfriend'shouse.我這個(gè)周末大部份時(shí)間都在朋友家悠閑地度過。2.Chillout!We’llgetthereontime!別緊張！我們會(huì)按時(shí)趕到的！3.I'mreadytochillfortherestofthemorning.我打算今天早上剩下的時(shí)間好好玩一玩，放松放松！Words&Phrasescomprehensive1)n.[C]

aUKschoolforstudentsofdifferentlevelsofabilitybetweentheagesof11and18（英）綜合學(xué)校e.g.Hewaseducatedatthelocalcomprehensive.

他在當(dāng)?shù)匾患揖C合學(xué)校接受教育。2)

a.

includingmanydetailsoraspectsofsth.綜合的；多方面的e.g.1.Hehasacomprehensiveknowledge.他知識(shí)淵博。2.Thisserviceisoftenfelttobetoocomprehensiveandtooexpensive.

人們經(jīng)常感到這種服務(wù)的內(nèi)容太多，索價(jià)太高。Words&Phrasesbackside

n.[C](infml)

aperson’sbuttocks

屁股e.g.1.Helandedonhisbackside.

他一屁股坐了下來。2.Hefellflatonhisbackside.

他一屁股跌在地上。Words&Phrasesunin.[C](BrE,spoken)

(pl.unis)university

大學(xué)e.g.1.HegraduatedfromYaleUniin1965.

他1965年畢業(yè)于耶魯大學(xué)。2.SheisastudentattheUniofCambridge.

她是劍橋大學(xué)的學(xué)生。Words&Phrasesdead-end

a.

closedattheend,leadingnowhere;havingnopossibilitiesforadvancement,promotion,etc.沒有出路的；沒有前途的e.g.1.Heisadead-endkid.

他是一個(gè)沒有前途的孩子。2.Itisadead-endjob;Ijustworkinthestoresandthere'sabsolutelynoprospectofpromotion.

我的工作沒有前途，我只是在倉庫工作，因而絕對(duì)沒有晉升的指望。

Words&Phrasestricky

a.

difficulttodo;difficulttodealwith難處理的；棘手的e.g.1.That’satrickyquestionbecausetherearemanythingstoconsider.

那個(gè)問題很棘手，因?yàn)橛泻芏嗍乱紤]。2.I'minarathertrickyposition;canyouhelpmeout?

我的處境很棘手，你能幫我嗎？3.Thesuddendropinsharepriceshassetthegovernmentatrickyproblem.

股票價(jià)格突然下跌給政府出了一個(gè)難題。

Words&Phrasesproceedvi.

continuedoing,usuallysth.thatonemighthavestoppeddoing繼續(xù)做某事e.g.1.Theywillproceedtobuildanotherlaboratorybuilding.他們將著手建造另一座實(shí)驗(yàn)大樓。2.Shedecidednottoproceedwiththetreatment.

她決定不再繼續(xù)接受治療了。Words&Phrasesupcoming

a.

forthcoming;abouttohappen即將來臨的；即將發(fā)生的e.g.1.Theyhavemadegoodpreparationfortheupcomingelections.

他們已經(jīng)為即將到來的選舉作好了準(zhǔn)備。2.Weshallbeattendingtheupcomingconcert.

我們要去聽即將上演的音樂會(huì)。Words&Phrasescutoff

1)

n.[C]

alevelorlimitatwhichsth.stops截止點(diǎn)；停止點(diǎn)e.g.6p.m.isthecutoffforcheckingout.

下午六點(diǎn)是結(jié)賬期限。2)a.oforconstitutingalimit

界限的，分界的1.Themachinewillstopwhenitreachesitscutoffpoint.

機(jī)器達(dá)到斷流點(diǎn)時(shí)會(huì)停下來。2.ThecutoffdateforticketpurchasesisJuly2.七月二號(hào)是購票的截止日期。Words&Phrasespsychotherapist

n.[C]

someonewhoistrainedtotreatpeoplewithamentalillnessbytalkingtothemratherthanbygivingthemdrugs精神治療醫(yī)生；心理治療醫(yī)生

e.g.Forthe71-year-oldpsychotherapist,searchingforadonorovertheInternetisanewexperience,.

對(duì)于這位71歲的心理治療學(xué)家來說，借助互聯(lián)網(wǎng)尋找捐贈(zèng)者還是頭一遭。Wordfamily:

psychotherapy

n.

thetreatmentthatapsychotherapistprovides精神療法；心理療法Words&Phrasesheal

v.

1)ifanemotionalproblemheals,orifsth.healsit,onebecomeshappyagain（感情問題）（被）消除，（被）化解e.g.1.Sherealizedthatthepainofherlosshadnevertrulyhealed.

她意識(shí)到失敗的痛苦沒有真正消除。2.Thelongtalkhealedmanyofourdifferences.

那次長(zhǎng)談消除了我們?cè)S多分歧。3.Theriftbetweenthemwasneverreallyhealed.

他們之間的嫌隙從來沒有真正化解過。Words&Phrases2)becomesoundorhealthyagain（使）愈合；治愈1.Thesurgeonhealedthesoldier'sbulletwoundintheleg.

醫(yī)生治好了那位士兵腿部的槍傷。2.Thewoundhasnotyethealed.

傷口尚未愈合。3.Themedicineandrestwillsoonhealyourwound.

藥物配合休息能很快治愈你的傷。Synonym:cure

Words&Phrasestransition

n.[C,U]theprocessofchangingfromonesituation,form,orstatetoanother過渡；轉(zhuǎn)變；變遷e.g.1.Adolescenceistheperiodoftransitionbetweenchildhoodandadulthood.

青春期是童年與成年之間的過渡時(shí)期。2.Theyallsupportapeacefultransition.

他們?nèi)慷贾С趾推竭^渡。Words&Phrasessap

vt.

makesomeonefeelweak

使削弱；使虛弱e.g.1.Herlongillnessgraduallysappedherstrength.

長(zhǎng)期的患病漸漸地消耗了她的體力。2.Theclimbsappedourenergy.

這次的攀登耗盡了我們的精力。Words&Phrasesconsultation

n.

1)meetingwithanexpertoraprofessionalpersontogetadviceordiscussaproblem,especiallyameetingwithadoctor

咨詢；求教；建議e.g.1.Afollow-upconsultationwasarrangedfortwoweeks’timebythepsychologist.

心理學(xué)家安排了兩個(gè)星期的跟蹤咨詢。2.Theschoolcounselorwasalwaysavailableforconsultation.

學(xué)校的輔導(dǎo)員隨時(shí)都準(zhǔn)備接受咨詢。

Words&Phrases2)discussionbetweenpeopleorgroupsbeforetheymakeadecision

磋商；商量e.g.1.Thedecisionwasmadeinconsultationwithunionmembers.這項(xiàng)決定是與工會(huì)會(huì)員協(xié)商后作出的。2.Implementationoftheproposedchangeswouldrequireconsultationwithteachersandparents.

提議的變動(dòng)若要實(shí)行，需征求教師和家長(zhǎng)的意見。Wordfamily:consult

v.Words&Phrasespushy

a.

(infml)extremelydeterminedtogetwhatonewants,evenifitannoysotherpeople

強(qiáng)硬的；一意孤行的e.g.1.Hemadehimselfunpopularbybeingsopushy.

他因?yàn)橐灰夤滦卸坏萌诵摹?/p>

2.Ihavenocommentsonthepushybureaucratswithaconsciousinterestinexpandingtheirareaofcontrol.

對(duì)這些一門心思擴(kuò)大自己的控制范圍而咄咄逼人的官僚，我表示無語。Words&Phrasessympathetically

ad.

inasympatheticmanner同情地e.g.

1.Thepassengersonthebuswatchedsympatheticallyastheattractiveyoungwomanwiththewhitecanemadeherwaycarefullyupthesteps.

一個(gè)年輕漂亮的女人手拿一根白色的拐棍小心翼翼地上了一輛公共汽車，車上的乘客們同情地看著她。2.Theywereallsympatheticallydisposedtowardsherbitterexperience.他們都對(duì)她的悲慘遭遇寄予同情。Wordfamily:sympathetic

a.

sympathy

n.

sympathizev.Words&Phrasesnudge

vt.

useapartofone’sbody,especiallyone’selbow,togivealittlepushtosomeoneorsth.輕推；（尤指）用肘輕推e.g.1.Peoplewerenudgingeachotherandpointingatme.

人們用肘互相觸碰對(duì)方，并對(duì)我指指點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。2.Henudgedhiswifetoletherknowitwastimetoleave.

他用胳膊肘輕輕碰碰太太，提醒她該走了。Words&Phrasessaddle

n.[C]

1)theseatonabicycleormotorcycle

車座，鞍座e.g.Thebicyclesaddleistoohighforthischild.這輛自行車的車座對(duì)這孩子來說太高了。2)aseatfastenedonthebackofahorseorotheranimalforriding,typicallymadeofleatherandraisedatthefrontandrear鞍，馬鞍

e.g.Pleasegivemealiftontothesaddle.請(qǐng)扶我上馬鞍。Words&Phrasesadvocate

1)

n.[C]someonewhostronglyandpubliclysupportssomeoneorsth.

擁護(hù)者；提倡者e.g.1.Heisanadvocateofpeace.

他是一個(gè)擁護(hù)（或提倡）和平的人。2.Hewasanuntiringadvocateofeconomicreform.

他是個(gè)不知疲倦的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的倡導(dǎo)者。2)v.publiclysupportaparticularpolicyorwayofdoingthings

擁護(hù)；提倡

e.g.Ourpremieradvocateshighersalariesforteachers.我們的總理主張?zhí)岣呓處煹墓べY。Words&Phrasesantidote

n.[C]

1)asubstancethatpreventsapoisonfromhavingbadeffects

解毒藥；解毒劑e.g.

1.Wedonothaveaneffectiveantidotetothispoison.

我們沒有針對(duì)這種毒的有效解毒劑。2.Doyouhavetheantidoteagainst/for/tosnake-bite?你有蛇毒解藥嗎？2)sth.thathelpstoimprovetheeffectsofsth.badornegative矯正方法；對(duì)抗手段e.g.Theresortofferstheperfectantidotetothepressuresofmodernlife.這個(gè)旅游勝地是緩解現(xiàn)代生活壓力的好地方。Words&Phrasesapathy

n.[U]afeelingofhavingnointerestinorenthusiasmaboutanything,orofnotbeingwillingtomakeanyefforttochangethings

冷淡；毫無興趣e.g.1.Suchattitudescanonlyleadtoapathy.

這樣的態(tài)度只能導(dǎo)致冷漠。2.Anapathyinhisnatureledhimtoleaveeventstotaketheirowncourse.

他生性冷漠，對(duì)一切都聽之任之。Words&Phrasesaerial

a.

fromaplane

從飛機(jī)上的；航空的e.g.1.Therewasanaerialattacklastnight.

昨晚有一次空襲。2.Theyaregoingtotakeafullaerialsurveyofthemountainarea.

他們將對(duì)山區(qū)作全面的航空測(cè)量。Words&Phrasesphotographic

a.

relatingtophotographsorphotography

攝影的；照片的e.g.1.Theequipmentofthephotographicstudiowasexpensive.

裝備攝影室的開支很大。2.Onehastoprocessaphotographicfilmtoprintpicturesfromit.

必須先處理照相底片才能沖印出相片。Wordfamily:photograph

n.

照片，相片

photography

n.

攝影術(shù)Words&Phrasescorpse

n.[C]thebodyofadeadperson

（人的）尸體e.g.1.Thelivingsoldiersputthecorpsestogetherandburnedthem.活著的戰(zhàn)士把尸體放在一起燒了。2.Foroverayearhelayinhishospitalbed,alivingcorpse.

一年多來，他躺在醫(yī)院的病床上，像一具活尸。Words&Phrasesmortuary

n.[C]aplacewhereadeadbodyiskept

停尸房；太平間

e.g.1.Amedicalinstitutionshallplacethecorpseofapatientinthemortuaryintime.醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)將病人尸體存放停尸室。2.PrincessDianawasnotpregnantwhenshediedinaPariscarcrashnineyearsago,saysthemanageroftheLondonmortuarywhereherpost-mortemexaminationtookplace.

英國已故黛安娜王妃死后進(jìn)行驗(yàn)尸的一家倫敦太平間的經(jīng)理說，9年前在巴黎車禍身亡的黛妃當(dāng)時(shí)并未懷孕。Words&Phraseslookon:

watchanactivityoreventwithouttakingpartinit

旁觀e.g.1.Johntookpartinthegame,buttherestofusjustlookedon.

約翰參賽，而我們其余的人只是觀看。2.Theystoodlookingonwhilethemanwasrobbed.

那個(gè)人被搶劫時(shí)，他們站在那兒袖手旁觀。Words&Phrasesforkout:

(infml)spendmoneyonsth.,especiallywhenonedoesnotwantto

（尤指不情愿地）付出，花費(fèi)e.g.1.Theyhadtoforkout$100togetthecarrepaired.

他們不得不付100美元修理汽車。2.Ihadtoforkout$30foracabhome.

我不得不花30元錢乘出租車回家。Words&Phrasesturndown:

1)notacceptanofferorrequest拒絕（提議或要求）e.g.1.Wehaveturneddownfourapplicantsalready.

我們已經(jīng)拒絕了四位申請(qǐng)者。2.Hisrequestforarisewasturneddown.

他要求加薪，被拒絕了。2)reducetheamountofsound,heat,orlightproducedbyapieceofequipmentbypressingabuttonormovingaswitch減少；關(guān)小e.g.1.Canyouturnthemusicdownabit?

請(qǐng)你把音樂調(diào)低點(diǎn)行嗎？2.Thetheatrelightswereturneddown.

舞臺(tái)燈光暗淡下來。Words&Phrasesinthesameboat:

inthesamedifficultorunpleasantsituation處于同樣的糟糕境地e.g.1.We’reallinthesameboat,solet’snotcriticizeeachother.

我們現(xiàn)在處境都很糟糕，就不要互相埋怨了。2.Makingalivingistoughthesedays.Buteveryoneisinthesameboat.

近來掙錢糊口很不容易，不過大家的情況也差不多。Words&Phrasespullpints:

workinabarservingdrinks在酒吧提供酒水服務(wù)；做酒吧侍應(yīng)e.g.1.Heusedtopullpintsatalocalnightclub.

他過去通常在夜總會(huì)當(dāng)服務(wù)生。2.Hemadealivingbypullingpintsatthebar.

他靠當(dāng)酒吧侍應(yīng)謀生。Words&Phrasescomefullcircle:

ifasituationcomes,goes,orturnsfullcircle,itbecomesthesameagainasitwasatthebeginning

循環(huán)；又回到原處e.g.1.Itwillbeawasteoftime.Youwillcomefullcircle.

那是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。你會(huì)繞到原處。2.Twentyyearslaterhissonmadethesamechoiceandthewheelcamefullcircle.20年后，他的兒子作出了同樣的選擇，所有一切又轉(zhuǎn)回到原來的地方。Words&Phrasestakeasoft/hardline:takeasoft/hardattitude/method

采取溫和/強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度/方法e.g.1.Thepresidenttookaverysoft/hardlineagainstradicalism.總統(tǒng)采取溫和/強(qiáng)硬的反激進(jìn)主義政策。2.ThedelegationisunderpressurefromU.S.companiestotakeahardlinewithChinaoverthevalueofitscurrencyandmarketaccess.

美國企業(yè)界向代表團(tuán)施壓，希望美國在人民幣匯率和市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入方面對(duì)中國采取強(qiáng)硬路線。Words&Phrasesifnothingelse:

usedformentioningwhatyouthinkmaybetheonlygoodaspectofsth.ortheonlygoodreasonfordoingsth.至少e.g.1.Hemustblink，ifnothingelse．

他至少會(huì)眨巴眨巴眼睛。2.Ifnothingelse,Idoamusemyself.

至少我是自娛自樂。Words&Phrasesstriketherightnote:

createaparticularmoodbythewaythatonespeaksorbehaves說話說到點(diǎn)子上；做事做得恰到好處e.g.1.Herspeechappearedtostrikeexactlytherightnote.她的演說看來說到了點(diǎn)子上。2.Theheadmasterhadfailedtostriketherightnoteinhisspeechondisciplineandthepupilscontinuedtobehaveintheirownway.

校長(zhǎng)有關(guān)紀(jì)律的講話并沒奏效，小學(xué)生們還是我行我素。Words&Phrasesbyallmeans:1)ineverypossibleway;atanycost,withoutfail

盡一切辦法；一定，務(wù)必e.g.Trybyallmeanstosavethedying.一定要盡力搶救那個(gè)垂危的病人。2)(emphasizingapermission,request,orinjunction)certainly當(dāng)然可以e.g.“ShallIaskhimtocomein?”“Byallmeans.”

“我請(qǐng)他進(jìn)來好嗎?”“當(dāng)然可以。”Words&Phrasestalkthrough:

discussaplanorasituationinadetailedway詳細(xì)討論e.g.1.Hehadtotalkitthroughwithhiswife.

他得和妻子詳細(xì)討論一下這件事。2.Throughouttheirmarriagetheyhavealwaystalkedthingsthrough.

他們結(jié)婚后一直是商量著解決問題。3.Wetalkedthroughwhathadhappened.

我們就所發(fā)生的事徹底交換了意見。Words&PhrasesCf:talksb.’throughsth.:explainsth.tosb.indetailsothattheyunderstandit給某人詳細(xì)解釋e.g.1.Thetechnicalsupportstaffwilltalkyouthroughanydifficultiesyouhavewiththesoftware.技術(shù)支持人員將給你詳細(xì)講解使用軟件時(shí)遇到的困難。2.Icantalkyouthroughtheapplicationform.我可以詳細(xì)告訴你如何填寫申請(qǐng)表。Words&Phrasesgoforsb./sth.:

betrueorrelevantforsomeoneorsomething適用于e.g.1.Weexpectyouboystobehaveyourselves,andthesamegoesforthegirls.

我們希望你們男孩子規(guī)規(guī)矩矩，當(dāng)然對(duì)女孩也希望如此。2.Whathesaidaboutyougoesformetoo.

他關(guān)于你的一席話對(duì)我也適用。Words&PhrasesMiddlesex

aformercountyofSEEngland,situatedtothenorthwestofLondon.In1965itwasdividedbetweenHertfordshire,Surrey,andGreaterLondon米德爾塞克斯郡（英國英格蘭原郡名）Words&PhrasesNottingham

英國諾丁漢大學(xué)Words&PhrasesTheUniversityofNottinghamisapublicresearchuniversitybasedinNottingham,UnitedKingdom,withfurthercampusesinNingbo,ChinaandKualaLumpur,Malaysia.ItisconsideredamongthetoptenleadinguniversitiesintheUK,andhasbeendescribedbyTheTimesas"thenearestBritainhastoatrulyglobaluniversity"and"aprimealternativetoOxbridge".BruceWillis

布魯斯·威利斯（美國男演員）BruceWillis(1955—)isanAmericanactor,producerandmusician.Hiscareerbeganintelevisioninthe1980sandhascontinuedbothintelevisionandfilmsince,includingcomedic,dramatic,andactionroles.HeiswellknownfortheroleofJohnMcClaneintheDieHardseries,whichweremostlycriticalanduniformlyfinancialsuccesses.Hehasalsoappearedinoversixtyfilms,includingboxofficesuccesseslikePulpFiction,SinCity,12Monkeys,TheFifthElement,Armageddon,andTheSixthSense.Words&PhrasesBradPitt

布拉德·皮特（美國男演員）BradPitt(1963—)isanAmericanactorandfilmproducer,whosefilmsincludeTroy,MrandMrsSmithandthecuriouscaseofBenjaminButton.PitthasreceivedtwoAcademyAwardnominationsandfourGoldenGlobeAwardnominations,winningone.Hehasbeendescribedasoneoftheworld'smostattractivemen,alabelforwhichhehasreceivedsubstantialmediaattention.Words&PhrasesElPolloLoco

（美國連鎖餐館名）ElPolloLocoisafast-foodrestaurantchainspecializinginMexicangrilledchicken,headquarteredinCostaMesa,California."ElPolloLoco"isSpanishfor"TheCrazyChicken".Theirmaindishispolloasado,agrilledmarinatedchicken.Overtime,thechainhasexpandedintoburritosandsalads,andservesitemsthatcompetewithTacoBell,DelTacoandotherMexican-stylerestaurants.Words&PhrasesAtypicalElPolloLocorestaurantWords&Phrases

Thosememoriesofforkingoutthousandsofpoundsayearsothathecouldeatwellandgototheoddparty,begantofade.Untilnow.Theparentspaidalotofmoneyfortheirson’suniversityfeesandlivingexpensesandforoccasionalsocialevents–atgraduationthesememoriesofmoneyweremostlyforgottenbecausetheparentswereproud.Butnowtheparentsarethinkingofmoneyagainbecausethesondoesn’thaveajobanddoesn’tseemtobeactivelyseekingone.這時(shí)，記憶中每年支付幾千英鎊，好讓兒子吃好、并能偶爾參加聚會(huì)的記憶開始消退。但現(xiàn)在，你又不得不再考慮錢的問題。LanguagePoints翻譯：textv.

sendatextmessage(esp.byone’scellphone)（尤指用手機(jī)）發(fā)信息e.g.1.Ithoughtitwasfantasticthathetookthetroubletotextme.

他特地給我發(fā)信息，我覺得很奇怪。2.Hetextedtosay“Hope2CU@theparty”.(Hopetoseeyouattheparty.)他發(fā)短信說“希望在聚會(huì)上見到你”。LanguagePointsFacebookFacebookisasocialnetworkingwebsite.LanguagePointsThisformerscionofGenerationYhasmorphedovernightintoamemberofGenerationGrunt.ThemainideaaboutGenerationYandGenerationGruntisthatthereisasuccessionofdifferentgenerationsorcohortsofadultswhocomeintotheworkforceinNorthAmericaandwhoaregivendifferentinformalnamestocharacterizethem.First,“babyboomers”wereborninthegreatincreaseofbirths(1940s–1960s)afterWorldWarII,followedbyGenerationXpeople(bornin1960s–1970s)whoweresaidtobringnewattitudesofbeingindependent,informal,entrepreneurial,andexpectedtogetskillsandhaveacareerbeforethem.LanguagePointsGenerationYortheMillennialGeneration(bornin1980s–1990sandbecomingadultsinthenewmillennium)arenowmakingupanincreas