2023年高考英語試題(全國(guó)卷I)

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試(新課標(biāo)I)英語本卷須知：1本試卷分第I卷〔選擇題〕和第II卷〔非選擇題〕兩局部。2答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在本試卷相應(yīng)的位置。3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無效。4.第I卷聽力局部總分值30分，不計(jì)入總分，考試成績(jī)錄取時(shí)提供給高校作參考。5考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷第一局部聽力〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)〔共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分〕聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10稱鐘的時(shí)間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題如閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Findaplace.B.Buyamap.C.Getanaddress.2.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Repairhercar.B.Giveheraride.C.Pickupheraunt.3.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?A.Anewprofessor.B.Adepartmenthead.C.Acompanydirector.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?A.Quitedifficult..B.Veryinteresting.C.Toosimple.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Weather.B.Clothes.C.News.第二節(jié)〔共15小題；每題1．5分，總分值22．5分〕聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6至7題。6.WhyisHarryunwillingtojointhewoman?A.Hehasapaininhisknee..B.HewantstowatchTV.C.Heistoolazy.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Stayathome.B.TakeHarrytohospital.C.Dosomeexercise.聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。8.Whenwillthemanbehomefromwork?A.At5:45.B.At6:15.C.At6:50.9.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.TheGreenHouseCinema.B.TheNewStateCinema.C.TheUMECinema.聽第8段材料,答復(fù)第10至12題。10.HowwillthespeakergotoNewYork?A.Byair.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.11.Whyarethespeakersmakingthetrip?A.Forbusiness.B.Forshopping.C.Forholiday.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.DriverandpassengerB.Husbandandwife.C.Fellowworkers.聽第9段材料,答復(fù)第13至16題。13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.14.WhatdoesJohndonow?A.He’satrainer.B.He’satourguide.C.He’sacollegestudent.15.Howmuchcananewpersonearnforthefirstyear?A.$10,500.B.$12,000.C.$15,000.16.Howmanypeoplewillthewomanhire?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。17.Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?A.Oneyear.B.Tenyears.C.Eighteenyears.18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononpublictransport?A.It’scomfortable.B.It’stime-saving.C.It’scheap.19.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?A.It’ssafer.B.It’shealthier.C.It’smoreconvenient.20.Whatkindoflifedoesthespeakerseemtolikemost?A.Busy.B.ColourfulC.Quiet.第二局部閱讀理解〔共兩節(jié)，總分值60分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題;每題3分，總分值45分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)〔A、B、C和D〕中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并在題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallengeDaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!TheCambridgeScienceFestival(CSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonorataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedincelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.BetweenMarch10thandMarch15h,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:://.21.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?A.Schoolstudents.B.Cambridgelocals.C.CSFwinners.D.MITartists.22.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeheld?A.OnFebruary8th.B.OnMarch10th.C.OnMarch15thD.OnApril21st.23.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anexhibitionguide.B.Anartshowreview.C.Anannouncement.D.Anofficialreport.BPassengerpigeons(旅鴿)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheytheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitpopulationzxxkreacheditshighestpoint,theyweremorethan3billlionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.Sadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands,Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmerican’sneedforwood,whichscattered(驅(qū)散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeonsbutbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwipigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedatthe24.Inthe18thandearly19tehcenturies,passengerpigeons____.A.werethebiggestbirdintheworldB.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaC.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUs25.Theunderlinedword“undoing〞probablyreferstothepigeons’____.A.escapeB.ruinC.liberationD.evolution26.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.27.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.C.Itwasunfair.D.Itwasstrict.readyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome…takeimmediateaction.Ifyou’reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway.28.Whydoestheliontameruseachair?A.Totrickthelion.B.Toshowoffhisskills.C.Togetreadyforafight.D.Toentertaintheaudience.29.Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?A.Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices.B.Theyholdontothewrongthings.C.Theyfindithardtomakechanges.D.Theyhavetodosomethingforshow30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertmentionedinParagraph3?A.Tolerant.B.Doubtful.C.Respectful.D.Supportive.31.Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface〞,you’readvisedto_____A.waitforabetterchanceB.breakyouroldhabitsC.makeaquickdecisionD.askforclearguidanceD.AsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000-7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationszxxkEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations_UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem—haveformanyyearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCentreYaleUniversity,whospecializesinthelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthattradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandzxxkTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,working,andraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.DocumentingtheThangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayanreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.AttheUniversityofA.promotegloballanguagesB.rescuedisappearinglanguagesC.searchforlanguagecommunitiesD.setuplanguageresearchorganizations.33.Whatdoes“thattradition’inParagraph3referto?A.HavingfullrecordsofthelanguagesB.Writingbooksonlanguageteaching.C.TellingstoriesaboutlanguageusersD.Livingwiththenativespeaker.34.WhatisTurin’sbookbasedon?A.ThecultualstudiesB.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.C.HislanguageresearchinBhutan.D.HispersonalexperienceinNepal.35.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeTurin’swork?A.Write,sellanddonate.B.Record,repairandreward.C.Collect,protectandreconnect.D.Design,experimentandreport.第二節(jié)〔共5小題；每題3分，總分值15分〕根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.36.Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37.Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?〞andthentrythemout.Ingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2.CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnew38.Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.3.PersonalskillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhat’sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.39.“Whydoyouthinkshe’scrying?〞“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?〞“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?〞4.SelfExpression40therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas–music,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.B.Andwecan’tforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyetexist?E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.G.Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.第三局部英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值55分〕第一節(jié)完形填空〔共20小題；每題2分，總分值40分〕閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)〔A、B、C和D〕中，選出可以填人空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyaareperformedonaroutine(常規(guī))basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis41atworkinpeopleofall42.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir44soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose45toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof46stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s47interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild48bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the49ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat50butaresoonlookingforwardto51.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany52,whonowcomplain(抱怨)aboutthelongdrivestowork,53droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst54theirdriver’slicense(執(zhí)照)?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually55todoalotof56things,whichtheyneverhad57todowhileworking.But58afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey59.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew60.41.A.principleB.habitC.weakerD.power42.A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages43.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going44.A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow45.A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive46.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.newly-collectedD.half-filled47.A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main48.A.silentlyB.impatientlyC.gladlyD.worriedly49.A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game50.A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement51.A.graduationB.independenceC.responsibilityD.success52.A.childrenB.studentsC.adultsD.retirees53.A.carefullyB.eagerlyC.nervouslyD.bravely54.A.requiredB.obtainedC.noticedD.discovered55.A.needB.learnC.startD.plan56.A.greatB.strongC.difficultD.correct57.A.timeB.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge58.A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon.59.A.lostB.choseC.leftD.quit60.A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues第II卷本卷須知：用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第三局部英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值55分〕第二節(jié)〔共10小題；每題1.5分，總分值15分〕閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容〔不多于3個(gè)單詞〕或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It__61____〔be〕unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit____62____(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,earslater,thisriverisoneof_63___mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays__64____evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork__65______(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris___66_____(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit__67___isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare___68_______(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe___69_______(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe70(patience)第四局部寫作〔共兩節(jié)；總分值35分〕第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕假段定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該