人教版中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組辨析課件

專題七verb（動(dòng)詞）中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題本專題內(nèi)容適用于7—9年級(jí)學(xué)生本專題一般共需10課時(shí)第十課時(shí)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組辨析

一、常用近義動(dòng)詞和詞組辨析

二、鞏固練習(xí)

1．幾個(gè)“花費(fèi)”：spend,take,pay,cost.（1）spend多用人作主語(yǔ)，后接金錢或時(shí)間。spend…onsth/

（in）doingsth.例如：Ispent15yuanonthisnewbook.

（2）take常用于“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth"句型中，

例如：Itoftentakesmehalfanhourtogotoschoolbybikeeveryday.

（3）pay常與for連用，表“付給……款”。

例如：Ipaid15Yuanforthisnewbook.

（4）cost常用物作主語(yǔ)，表“價(jià)值或花費(fèi)多少錢”例如：Thisnewbookcostme15Yuan.一、常用近義動(dòng)詞和詞組辨析1.

They

spend

too

much

time

the

report

A.

writing

B.

to

write

C.

on

writing

D.

write

2.

--What

beautiful

shoes

you’re

wearing!

They

must

be

expensive

--No，they

only

10

yuan．

A．spent

B．took

C．paid

D．cost

3.

--Will

you

please

for

my

dinner

Peter?

--Sure!

A.

spend

B.

pay

C.

cost

D.take

4.

It

will

me

too

much

time

to

read

this

book.

A.

take

B.

cost

C.

spend

D.pay

5.This

science

book

____

me

a

great

amount

of

money.

A.

took

B.

cost

C.

used

D.

spentQuiz練習(xí)題2．幾個(gè)“看”：look,see,watch,read

（1）look看，表動(dòng)作，lookat。例如：Pleasedon’tlookoutofthewindow.

（2）see看見(jiàn)，表結(jié)果；也可說(shuō)看電影“seeafilm”。例如：Hisfathersawhimsittingonsomeeggs.

（3）watch觀看比賽、演出、電視等。

例如：DoyoulikewatchingTVonweekends?

（4）read讀書(shū)看報(bào)等文字材料。例如：Myfatherisreadingnewspapernow.

1.

Kangkang's

sister

_____

a

book

in

her

room.

2.

Please

_____

the

blackboard,

boys

and

girls.

3.

What

other

things

can

you

_____

on

the

table?

4.

_____!

What

are

they

doing

under

the

tree?

5.

My

brother

and

I

are

_____

TV.

6.

Are

they

_____

a

football

game?

7.

It's

good

to

_____

all

my

friends

again.

Quiz用look,lookat,see,read,watch填空3．幾個(gè)與“看”有關(guān)的詞或詞組：lookfor,find,findout,lookafter,takecareof,lookover,lookforwardto,

（1）lookfor尋找，表過(guò)程；find發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到，表結(jié)果；findout找出，查明。例如：

Ilookedformylostpeneverywhere,butcouldn’tfinditanywhere.

（2）lookafter,takecareof均表示“照看，照顧”。

（3）lookover檢查身體等。

（4）lookforwardto盼望……，期待……。例如：

Iamlookingforwardtoyourletter.ShelooksforwardtogoingtovisithergrandparentsinDalian.4．幾個(gè)“說(shuō)”：say,speak,talk,tell

（1）say接說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容，作及物動(dòng)詞。saysthtosb.對(duì)某

人說(shuō)某事。例如：Didyousaygoodbyetoyourgranny?

（2）speak常指能說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言，打電話時(shí)常用它表示說(shuō)話，

也有“演講”的意思，不強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容。

例如：WecanspeakChineseandEnglish.

MayIspeaktoHenry?

Hewillspeakatthemeetingtonight.

（3）talk多是不及物動(dòng)詞，指交談、談?wù)?；做名詞時(shí)有演講、報(bào)

告之意。例如：

Theyaretalkingabouttheirfriendsnow.Iwilltalktoyourfatheraboutyourhealthnexttime.Mr.Zhangisgoingtogiveusatalkatthemeeting.

（4）tell的意思是“告訴某人……；講述…；吩咐某人做……”。多為及物動(dòng)詞，后面多接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)。例如：

Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashecomesbacktomorrow.Grannyoftentellsmefunnystories.Thepolicemantoldusnottoplayfootballinthestreetagain.1.

Excuse

me

.Can

you

______

me

the

way

to

the

post

office

?

2.My

granny

often

________

me

about

her

lives

in

the

old

age.

3.

Many

people

in

China

can

__________

a

little

English

now

.

4.What

do

you

_______

when

you

meet

your

friends

in

the

morning

?

5.Can

you

______

it

clearly

?

Can

you

________

it

clearly

6.

Don’t

______

in

class

.

Don’t_______

with

others

when

someone

answers

the

teacher’s

questions?

7

.

--Who

is

___________

?

--This

is

Tom

___________

.

Quiz用tell，speak，say，talk填空5．幾個(gè)“穿，戴”：puton,wear,dress,in

（1）puton指“穿上、戴上”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，代詞多放在中間。

例如：Hereisyourcoat.Putiton,Lucy.Heputonhisnewpairofsunglassesandwentout.

（2）wear指“穿著，戴著”，表示狀態(tài)。

例如：-“Whatisshewearing?”

-“She’swearingaredhatandabluejacket.”

（3）dress指“給某人穿衣服”，其賓語(yǔ)多是人。dressup指“穿上盛裝，打扮”

例如:Mymotherisdressingherself.Mylittlebrotheristooyoung.Momdresseshimeverymorning.

（4）in后多接衣服的顏色，表示“穿著…顏色衣服的”。例如：Themaninblackismyfather.Haveyouseenaboyinaredsweater?6．幾個(gè)“到達(dá)”：reach,arrivein/at,getto（1）reach是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，它后面可以直接跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如：WereachedShanghaiateightonMonday.

（2）arrive是個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)需在賓語(yǔ)前加介詞in或at（在國(guó)家和較大的城市或地區(qū)前用in，較小的地方或單位前用at）。例如：WehavealreadyarrivedinShanghai.Theyarrivedatschoolat6:30yesterday.（3）getto表示到達(dá)，多用于口語(yǔ)中。例如：

IgottotheCapitalCinemaat9:00.注意：當(dāng)表示到達(dá)here,there,home時(shí)，arrive或get后不要加介詞。例如：Whendidyougethome?Whenwillyouarrivethere?典型例題They

saidtheywould

in

Paris

next

Monday.

reachB.arriveC.getD.getto解析：reach是及物動(dòng)詞，不用加介詞，直接加地點(diǎn)，arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞后加in/at,get后加地點(diǎn)名詞要加to,地點(diǎn)副詞可省to.Paris前為介詞in，所以選arrive。答案：選B

7．幾個(gè)“帶、拿”：bring,take,get,carry

（1）bring指將某物或某人從離說(shuō)話人較遠(yuǎn)處“拿來(lái)”或“

帶來(lái)”。例如：

You’dbetterfinishyouhomeworktodayandbringittoschooltomorrow.MayIbringTomalong?

Bringthebooktome,please.

（2）take指將某物或某人從離說(shuō)話人較近處“帶到”或“拿到”

離說(shuō)話人較遠(yuǎn)處。例如：

Couldyoutakethebooktotheclassroom?Iambusynow.

（3）get指從說(shuō)話人所在位置到別處把某物拿來(lái)。

例如：Willyougetthatbookforme?（4）carry不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作來(lái)去的方向，只說(shuō)明動(dòng)作方式，表

示“背著、扛著、提著、載著”等含義。例如：Thebusesandtaxisarecarrypeoplehereandthere.

Theboxissoheavythatthelittleboycan’tcarryit.8．幾個(gè)與“聽(tīng)”有關(guān)的詞或詞組：listento,hear,hearof,hearfrom

（1）listento聽(tīng)……，表示聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作。（2）hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，聽(tīng)到。表示結(jié)果。例如：Ilistenedtothespeakercarefully,butIcouldn’thearanything.

（3）hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)……。例如：

Haveyouheardofthisnews?

（4）hearfrom收到某人的信息或來(lái)信。例如：

IheardfrommyfriendinAustralialastweek.9．beat和win

（1）beat表示“贏”或“打敗”，后面要接被打敗的對(duì)手。

例如：Ourfootballteambeattheirsby3to1.

（2）win用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面接的不是被打敗的對(duì)手，而

是比賽本身、游戲、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、名次等。例如：Ourfootballteamwonthefootballgameby3to1.10．rise和raise

（1）rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“上升、提高、增長(zhǎng)”等。例如：Thesunrisesintheeast.Ourcountry’sinternationalprestige（國(guó)際聲望）isrisingcontinually.

（2）raise是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“舉起、抬起”。

Heraisedhishandpickedanapple.11．borrow,lend和keep

（1）borrow指其邏輯主語(yǔ)從別處或別人那里“借來(lái)”東西，常與介詞from連用。例如：

MayIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?Youcanborrowbooksfromthelibrary.

（2）lend指其邏輯主語(yǔ)將東西“借出、借給”別人，常與介詞to連用。例如：Couldyoulendmesomemoney?Thelibrarylendsbookstothestudents.

（3）keep表示“保存”，與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

例如：HowlongmayIkeepthebook?Ihavekeptthebookfor3weeks.12．receive和accept

（1）receive的意思是“收到了……”，只表示收到某物，并不表明同意或不同意接受的含義。例如：

Ireceivedagiftfromher,butIreturneditbacktoherthismorning.

（2）accept表示“接受……”，“同意接納……”。如接受物體、邀請(qǐng)、批評(píng)等。

Hereceivedaninvitationfromherandacceptedithappily.13．a(chǎn)nswer與reply（1）answer意為“回答、響應(yīng)、答復(fù)、接聽(tīng)電話”等，多作及物動(dòng)詞。例如：Whocananswermyquestion?

Icalledyou,butnooneansweredthetelephone.

（2）reply意為“回答、答復(fù)”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，后需加介詞to,at等再加賓語(yǔ)。

例如：Hedidn’twanttoreplytomyquestions.14．hope與expect（1）hope指主觀上的愿望，但在客觀上不一定有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性，常接that從句、動(dòng)詞不定式或以介詞for引出的短語(yǔ)。例如：Ihopeyouwillcometoseemeagainwhenyouare100yearsold.Hopeforthebestandpreparefortheworst.

（2）expect著重指客觀上有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的“期待、期望”等，

其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。例如：

Iamexpectingthatyouwillcomesoon.Sheisexpectingaletterfromhim.15．lie和lay

（1）lie有多個(gè)意思：表示“躺；展示；位于”時(shí)，其變化是：lay,lain,lying；

表示“說(shuō)謊”時(shí)，其變化是：lied,lied,lying

例如：Isawanoldmanlyingonthestreet.Don’tbelievehim.Healwayslies.

（2）lay的含意是“放置、產(chǎn)卵”等。其變化是：laid,laid,laying.Ican’tfindmybookanywhere.IrememberthatIlaiditonthedesklastnight.答案：B.解析：首先要能分辨：表示"躺、在、位于"的不及物動(dòng)詞lie---lay---lain---lying;表示"放置、下(蛋)"的及物動(dòng)詞lay---laid---laid---laying。第一空是"躺"的過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí);第二空是"擺放"，過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)。典型例題：Justafterputtingthebabyontobed,Mrs.Whitesuddenlycaughtsightofthepetcatanddidn'tknowhowlongit_____onthetable_____forthefamilydinner.

A.hadbeenlaying,lyingB.hadbeenlying,laid

C.hadbeenlaid,laidD.hadlain,laying中考鏈接1.(2020?達(dá)州市)—Clara,youhave___JourneytotheWestfortwoweeks.—Sorry,Iwantedtogiveitbackbutwasmade____Dazhouonbusinesslastweek.A.borrowed;toleave

B.kept;toleaveC.kept;leave

D.borrowed;leave2.（2020年遼寧丹東）It'srathercoldhere.You'dbetter______yourcoat.A.putawayB.notputon

C.nottakeoffD.takeoff3.（2020年甘肅天水）He_____mostofhistime_____English.A.spends,studying B.costs,studiedC.takes,tostudy D.pays,studies4.(2020新疆)7．—Idon'tknowhowto________theoldclothes.—Youcangivethemawaytothecharity.A．handinB．dealwithC．takeupD．cleanup5.(2020貴州銅仁)33.一Fangfang,shallwegotoseeafilmonSaturday?一Sorry.I'llhaveto_______myyoungerbrotherbecausemymoth