2015年同等學(xué)力人員申請碩士學(xué)位英語水平全國統(tǒng)一考試大綱

2015年同等學(xué)力人員申請碩士學(xué)位英語水平全國統(tǒng)一考試大綱2015年同等學(xué)力申碩英語統(tǒng)一考試大綱，與原有大綱相比，新大綱取消了分設(shè)試卷一、試卷二及試卷二得分的有關(guān)要求。一、指導(dǎo)思想為了客觀地測試以同等學(xué)力申請碩士學(xué)位人員（以下簡稱同等學(xué)力人員）的英語水平，保證學(xué)位授予的質(zhì)量，根據(jù)國務(wù)院學(xué)位委員會辦公室關(guān)于修訂《同等學(xué)力人員申請碩士學(xué)位英語水平全國統(tǒng)一考試大綱》的要求以及相關(guān)會議的精神，在總結(jié)近幾年來同等學(xué)力人員英語水平統(tǒng)一考試經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合同等學(xué)力人員學(xué)習(xí)英語的特點，開展了第五次修訂工作并形成新的考試大綱（第六版）。本考試大綱要求通過教學(xué)使學(xué)生具有較好的用英語獲取信息的能力和一定的用英語傳遞信息的能力。這就要求考生具有較強的閱讀理解能力，一定的口語交際能力和語篇信息處理能力，同時也必須具有一定的英譯漢能力和寫作能力。本考試旨在測試考生是否達到大綱所規(guī)定的各項要求和具有大綱所規(guī)定的各項語言運用能力。二、評價目標本考試重點考查考生的英語口語交際、閱讀、語篇完形處理、英譯漢和寫作等技能（由于技術(shù)上的原因，本考試暫時取消聽力測試，口語交際技能的測試采用書面形式進行?？忌犃δ芰Φ臏y試由各院校在考生學(xué)習(xí)期間進行）?？忌鷳?yīng)在詞匯知識、語法知識、口語交際能力、閱讀理解能力、語篇完形處理能力、英譯漢能力和寫作能力等方面分別達到以下要求：（一）詞匯掌握約6000個英語詞匯和約700個常用詞組（見附錄一和附錄二）。對6000個詞匯中的2800個左右的積極詞匯（詞匯表中用黑體標出的詞）要求熟練掌握，即能在口語交際和寫作中準確地運用；其余詞匯則要求能在閱讀、語篇完形處理和英譯漢等過程中識別和理解。（二）語法掌握英語的基本語法知識、常用句型和結(jié)構(gòu)，能正確理解包含這些知識、句型和結(jié)構(gòu)的句子和語篇。（三）口語交際能用英語進行日?？谡Z交流。對于生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中的常見英語交流，能理解交流情景、說話人的意圖和會話的含義，并能運用相應(yīng)的知識和判斷進行恰當(dāng)?shù)慕涣鳌Ｄ苷_理解英語口語中常見的習(xí)慣用法。（四）閱讀能綜合運用英語語言知識和閱讀技能讀懂一般性題材的文章、廣告等應(yīng)用性文本和博客及跟帖等互動形式的閱讀材料。要求能抓住大意，讀懂細節(jié)，能理解上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并能領(lǐng)會和分辨作者或話語參與各方的主要意圖和態(tài)度及其異同等。（五）語篇完形處理在理解閱讀材料的基礎(chǔ)上能綜合運用詞匯、語法、搭配、語段、篇章邏輯等方面的知識和上下文等對語篇各層次的信息進行正確判斷和完形處理。（六）英譯漢能在不借助詞典的情況下，把一般性題材的文章及科普文章中的段落從英語譯成漢語，能準確表達原文的意思，語句通順，用詞基本正確，無重大語言錯誤。（七）寫作具有用書面英語表達思想和見解的基本能力。所寫文章應(yīng)切合主題，能正確表達思想，意義連貫，無重大語言錯誤。三、題型、題量、分值及參考答題時間本考試所制定的試卷共有七個部分，包括口語交際、詞匯、閱讀理解、完形填空、短文完成、英譯漢和寫作。卷面滿分為100分，考試時間共計150分鐘。第一部分口語交際本部分共設(shè)10題，每題1分，考試時間為15分鐘。本部分包括A、B兩節(jié)，A節(jié)為完成對話，B節(jié)為完成訪談或問答等。在每段對話、訪談或問答等口語轉(zhuǎn)寫材料中設(shè)置3?4個空白，并在材料前給出同等數(shù)量的出自材料本身的備選答案。要求考生從備選答案中為每個空白選出一個最佳答案，使轉(zhuǎn)寫材料完整。第二部分詞匯本部分共設(shè)10題，每題1分，考試時間為10分鐘。本部分設(shè)選擇替換和選擇填空兩種題型，每次考試只采用其中一種。選擇替換要求考生根據(jù)句意對句中帶下畫線的一個詞或詞組進行替換選擇，即從所給的4個備選答案中選出一個最佳替換詞或詞組。選擇填空要求考生根據(jù)句意對句中的一個空白進行填空選擇，即從所給的4個備選答案中選出最佳答案并填入空白處，使句子完整。第三部分閱讀理解本部分共設(shè)25題，每題1分，考試時間為45分鐘。本部分包括A、B兩節(jié)，A節(jié)為段落閱讀，B節(jié)的閱讀形式可以是博客與跟帖或相關(guān)短文閱讀、短文主題快讀、廣告瀏覽等。A節(jié)要求考生在對閱讀材料理解的基礎(chǔ)上從所給的4個備選答案中選出一個最佳答案。B節(jié)除了四選一以外，還可以在幾份閱讀材料的相應(yīng)位置設(shè)置若干個空白，同時在它們前面提供同等數(shù)量的備選答案，要求考生根據(jù)考題指令從備選答案中為每個空白選出一個最佳答案。第四部分完形填空本部分共設(shè)10題，每題1分，考試時間為10分鐘。本部分在一篇難度適中的短文中設(shè)置10個空白，每個空白給出4個備選答案，要求考生從所給備選答案中選出一個最佳答案，使短文完整。第五部分短文完成本部分共設(shè)20題，每題1分，考試時間為20分鐘。本部分共有3篇短文，每篇短文自身有3?4個空白。同時，每篇短文前面又設(shè)有3?4個帶有1個空白的語言段。這些語言段前設(shè)有方框，其中為每個語言段的空白提供了相應(yīng)的備選答案。短文和語言段共設(shè)置20個空白。本部分要求考生在理解短文和語言段的基礎(chǔ)上完成兩項任務(wù)：一是從語言段前面的方框中所設(shè)的備選答案中選出一個最佳答案分別填入各個語言段的空白處，使相應(yīng)的語言段完整;二是從短文前的3?4個語言段選項中選出一個最佳答案分別填入短文的相應(yīng)空白處。兩項任務(wù)完成后應(yīng)該使短文完整。第六部分英譯漢本部分要求考生把一段100詞左右的英語短文翻譯成漢語，共10分，考試時間為20分鐘。要求譯文意思準確，文字通順。第七部分寫作本部分要求考生在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)，按照話題和提綱的要求用英語寫出一篇不少于150詞的短文，共15分，考試時間為30分鐘。本部分的考試形式還可以是看圖作文、描述圖表或根據(jù)一篇所給的文章寫出內(nèi)容提要或讀后感等。四、題型、題量、記分及參考答題時間一覽表同等學(xué)力申請碩士學(xué)位人員英語水平考試的題型、題量、記分及參考答題時間如下：樣卷：序號題型題量記分時間（分鐘）PaperOne(100minutes)PartIOralCommunication(10I口語交際10道1015points)II詞匯10道1010PartIIVocabulary(10points)points)IIIWVw閱讀理解完形填空短文完成英譯漢25道10道20道100詞左右2510201045102020PartIIIReadingComprehension(25points)PartIVCloze(10points)PartVTextCompletion(20PartI皿寫作不少于150詞1530OralCommunication(10points)總計100150SectionADirections:InthissectiontherearetwoincompletedialoguesandeachdialoguehasthreeblanksandthreechoicesA,BandC,takenfromthedialogue.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletethedialogueandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.DialogueOneItsoundslikeaflu.Ialsoadviserestingforacoupleofdays.Boy,whenitrains,itpours.Doctor:WhathasbeenbotheringyouPatient:Ihaveastuffynoseandasorethroat.Plus,I’vebeencoughingalot.Doctor:AnystomachpainsPatient:Actually,yes.Mystomach'sbeenupsetforafewdays.Doctor:2 It‘sbeengoingaroundlately.Patient:AnythingIcandoforitDoctor:I’llprescribesomemedicinesforyoutotake.3Patient:DoesthatmeanIshouldn’tgotoworkDoctor:Onlywhenyoufeeluptoit.Youshouldstayhomeforatleastadayortwo.DialogueTwoSo,whatareyougoingtodowiththemoneyYouhavelotsofmoney.HowmuchdoIoweyouJoshua:Dad.Allowanceday.CanIhavemyallowanceFather:Oh.Iforgotaboutthat.Joshua:YouALWAYSforget.Father:IguessIdo.4Joshua:Just$13.Father:Well,I’mnotsureifIhavethatmuch.Joshua:Gotothebank.5Father:Lotsofmoney,uhUh,well,Ithinkthebankisclosed.Joshua:Then,whataboutyoursecretmoneyjarunderyourbedFather:Oh,IguessIcoulddothat.6Joshua:I’mgoingtoputsomeinsavings,givesometothepoorpeople,andusetheresttobuybooks.Father:Well,thatsoundsgreat,Joshua.SectionBDirections:InthissectionthereisoneincompleteinterviewwhichhasfourblanksandfourchoicesA,B,CandD,takenfromtheinterview.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletetheinterviewandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Nationalitiesstayintheirownareas,Peopledon’tqueueliketheydohereinEngland.WhatIlikedbestwasthatIcouldworkandstillleadanormallife.Somesupermarketsareopentwenty-fourhoursaday.Interviewer:HowlongdidyouliveintheStatesInterviewee:Iwastherefortwoyears,inNewYork,andIenjoyedittremendously.Imean,theshopsareopentill10:00p.m.Interviewer:AllshopsInterviewee:Yes,everything.Foodshops,chemists,anddepartmentstores.Andonpublicholidays,onlythebanksareshut.Interviewer:Isee,erm?…DoyouthinkNewYorkisasmultinationalasLondonInterviewee:Oh,that’sforsure.Butit’snotasmixed.9likethere’sRussiansection,theGermansectionandChinaTown.ButIthinkthemajordifferencebetweenthesetwocitieswastheheightoftheplace.EverythingwasupintheBigApple.Welivedonthethirty-fifthfloor.AndofcourseeverythingisfasterandtheNewYorkersaremuchruder.Interviewer:Oh!InwhatwayInterviewee:Well,pushinginthestreet,fightsaboutgettingonthebus.10Andofcoursethetaxidrivers!NewYorktaxidriversmustbetherudestintheworld!PartIIVocabularypoints)Directions:Inthisparttherearetensentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.IreadthenewspapereverydaysothatIcanstayinformedaboutcurrentevents.A.important B.internationalC.latest D.CulturalAftersevendaysinthedesert,theexplorerwasrelievedwhenheeventuallyfoundwater.A.Predictably B.finallyC.luckily D.accidentallyWhenwegavethechildrenicecream,theyimmediatelyceasedcrying.A.started B.continuedC.resumed D.stoppedThescienceteacherdemonstratedtheprocessofturningsolidgoldintoliquid.A. showed B. elaboratedC. devised D. simplifiedJohn’sapplicationforadmissiontograduatestudiesintheSchoolofEducationhasbeenapproved.A. entrance B. acceptanceC. experience D. allowanceMostcollegestudentsintheUnitedStatesliveawayfromhome.A.Apart B.downC.elsewhere D.alongThepursuitofmaximumprofitoftendrivesmanufacturerstoturnoutthingsthatcandoharmtopeople’shealth.A.preserve B.promoteC.process D.produceManydifferentpartsmakeupanairplane:theengine(s),thewings,thetail,andsoon.A.composeB.decorateC.constructD.deriveYoumakeitsoundasifIdiditonpurpose.A.carefullyB.unwillinglyC.incrediblyD.deliberatelyHecouldneverhaveforeseenthatonedayhisbookswouldsellinmillions.A.understoodB.explainedC.expectedD.believedPartIIIReadingComprehension(25points)SectionADirections：Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheetPassageOneFiveorsixyearsago,Iattendedalectureonthescienceofattention.Aphilosopherwhoconductsresearchinthemedicalschoolwastalkingaboutattentionblindness,thebasicfeatureofthehumanbrainthat,whenweconcentrateintenselyononetask,causesustomissjustabouteverythingelse.Becausewecan'tseewhatwecan’tsee,ourlecturerwasdeterminedtocatchusintheact.Hehaduswatchavideoofsixpeopletossingbasketballsbackandforth,threeinwhiteshirtsandthreeinblack,andourtaskwastokeeptrackonlyofthetossesamongthepeopleinwhite.Thetaperolled,andeveryonebegancounting.Everyoneexceptme.I’mdyslexic(有閱讀障礙的),andthemomentIsawthatgrainytapewiththeconfusingbasketballtossers,IknewIwouldn'tbeabletokeeptrackoftheirmovements,soIletmymindwander.Mycuriositywasaroused,though,whenabout30secondsintothetape,agorilla(大猩猩)cameinamongtheplayers.She(welaterlearnedafemalestudentwasinthegorillasuit)staredatthecamera,thumpedherchest,andthenstrodeawaywhiletheycontinuedpassingtheballs.Whenthetapestopped,thephilosopheraskedhowmanypeoplehadcountedatleastadozenbasketballtosses.Handswentupallover.Hethenaskedwhohadcounted13,14,andcongratulatedthosewho’dscoredtheperfect15.Thenheasked,“Andwhosawthegorilla”IraisedmyhandandwassurprisedtodiscoverIwastheonlypersonatmytableandoneofonlythreeorfourinthelargeroomtodoso.He’dsetusup,trappingusinourownattentionblindness.Yes,therehadbeenatrick,buthewasn’ttheonewhohadplayeditonus.Byconcentratingsohardoncounting,wehadmanagedtomissthegorillainthemidst.Thispassagedescribes.A.abasketballmatch B.anexperimentC.aphilosopher D.agorilla“Attentionblindness”refersto.thefactthatonecan'tseewhatonecan’tseeseeingonethingwhilemissingallelsekeepingtrackofjustabouteverythingtheconditionofbeingblindtodetails“Catchusintheact”(Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto“findus.”doingsomethingimpropersleepingduringthelecturecountingthebasketballtossesfailingtonoticesomethingwithinsightHowmanypeopleintheroomsawthegorillainthevideoA.1. B.3or4.C. 13or14. D. 15.Whomdoes“he”(lastparagraph)refertoA. Theauthor. B. Thegorilla.C. Thelecturer. D. Thestudent.PassageTwoTherearefewsaddersightsthanapileoffanletters,lovinglydecoratedwithhanddrawings,sufferinginabin.ThesparklyenvelopeswereaddressedtoTaylorSwift,apopstarmuchbelovedbyteenageandpre-teengirls.“DearTaylor”readonediscardedmessage,“Iloveyousomuch!!You’rethebest!!Andyou'rereallybeautifulandcute!!I’mreallyenjoyingyoursongs.”This,alongwithhundredsofothersimilarletterssentfromaroundtheworld,wasdiscoveredinaNashvillerecyclingdisposalunitbyalocalwoman.Swift’smanagementwasquicktoreassureheradmirersthattheyhadbeenthrownoutaccidentally.Theresponsemaycomeasadisappointmenttoanydevoteewhoimagines,astheycomposetheirletters,thatSwiftmakestimetovieweachonepersonally.Dealingwithpilesoffanmailis,however,anadministrativeburdenformostcelebrities.Whilesomecelebritiesdoliketogothroughtheirmailpersonally,themajoritysimplydonothavetime.Butthefateoftheircorrespondenceissomethingmostcommittedfanswillnotwishtodwellon,saysLynnZubernis,anexpertinthepsychologyoffandomatWestChesterUniversity.“There’sthislittlebitofeveryfanthatthinkstheirswillbetheonethatstandsout—it‘snotanexpectation,butahopethattheirswillbeseenbythecelebrity”Whiletherelationshipbetweenthefanandthecelebritymayexistonlyinthemindoftheformer,itstemsfromadeeply-rootedhumanneedforcommunityandbelonging,Zubernisbelieves.Asaresult,evenreceivingamass-producedletterofacknowledgementandaphotostampedwithareproducedsignaturecanbeapowerfulexperience.“Peoplehaveatremendousneedtoconnectwiththepersontheyareidolising（偶像化）:shesays.“Theycan’tringthemupandsay,‘Canwehavecoffee’It‘snotabouttheautograph（簽名）.It'saboutthemomentofconnection.”WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueThelettersinthebinwereexaggerating.SomeletterstoSwiftwerethrownawayunread.Awomandiscoveredthelettersanddiscardedthem.Poorlydecoratedletterswereleftunread.Swift'smanagementclaimedthat.Swifthadreadeachoneofthelettersfanscouldtrustthemwiththeirletterstheywerequickinresponsetotheincidenttheydidn'tintendtothrowawaythelettersMostcelebritiesaretoobusytoreadfanmailareafraidofreceivingfanmailtrytheirbesttoreadfanmailthemselvescareaboutthefateoffanmailAccordingtoZubernis,fanswanttheirletterstobereadbecausethey.hopetoshowtheirhanddrawingswantthecelebritiestoseetheirtalentdesiretogetconnectedwiththestarsdreamofgettingaphotoofthestarsWhichofthefollowingwillfanscherishthemostThefeelingofbeingrelatedtotheirstars.Thesenseofbeingsimilartotheirstars.Thetimespentwiththeirstars.Theautographoftheirstars.PassageThreeFacelift(緊膚術(shù))followedbyaweekonabeachinThailandHipsurgerywithasideofshoppinginSingaporeOverthelast10years,Asia’sriseonthemedicaltourismscenehasbeenquick.Easternnationsdominatetheglobalscene.NowBaliwantsasliceoftheaction.TheIndonesianislandrecentlyopeneditsfirstfacilityspecificallytargetingmedicaltouristswithpackagesandservices,BaliInternationalMedicalCentre(BIMC)NusaDua.BIMCalreadyhasaninternationalhospitalinKuta,whichopenedin1998.Thenewinternationallymanagedfacilityofferssurgicalandnon-surgicalcosmeticproceduresanddentalcare.Unlikemostoftheregion’shospitals,BIMCisdesignedtofeelmorelikeaspaorresort(度假村)thanamedicalfacility.The50-bedhospitalhasa24-hourmedicalemergencyentranceandhotel-likelobbyatthefrontofthebuildingservicingthehospital‘smedical,anddentalcenters.8Ifyou’reacelebritywhodoesn’twanteveryonetoknowyou’rehereforabitoflipo(吸脂術(shù)),noworries.There’saprivateentrancethatleadstotheCosMedicCentre,whichoffersviewsofagolfcourse.BIMChaseventeamedupwiththenearbyCourtyardbyMarriottBali,whichprovidesspecificafter-careservicesliketailor-mademealsandwellnessprogramsforpatients.Latesttechnologyandcoolinteriorsareastart,butbreakingintoaregionalindustrythatalreadyhassomeoftheworld’stopinternationalhospitalswillbetough,saysJosefWoodman,CEOofU.S.-basedmedicaltravelconsumerguidePatientsBeyondBorders(PBB).“Asanewcomer,Balifacesstiffcompetitionfromnearbyinternationalhealthcareproviders.Tocompete,Baliwillneedtodemonstrateaqualitylevelofcareandpromoteitsservicestotheregionandtheworld.Onthepositiveside,Baliisblessedasoneoftheregion’ssafest,mostpopulartouristdestinations,withabuilt-inpotentialtoattractmedicaltravelers”TheIndonesianislandcouldn’thavepickedabettertimetogetintothegame,saysPBB.“Theworldpopulationisagingandbecomingwealthieratratesthatsurpasstheavailabilityofqualityhealthcareresources,”saysthecompany’sresearch.Whatdoes“medicaltourism”(Para.1)probablymeanTreatingadiseaseduringatrip.Attractingpatientswithpackagetours.Cosmetictreatmentandatourinone.Turninghospitalsintotouristattractions.HowdoesBIMCdifferfromregularhospitalsItofferscosmeticsurgery.Ithasbetterenvironmentandservices.Itacceptsinternationalpatients.Ithasmorebedsandlongerservicehours.BIMCwishestoattractcelebritieswithits.A.privacymeasuresB.first-classdesignC.freegolfcourseD.tailor-mademealsAccordingtoWoodman,BIMCthreatensitsregionalcompetitorswillsoontaketheleadintheindustryneedsfurtherimprovementfacesbothchallengesandopportunitiesWhatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraphThepopulationisdevelopingfasterthanmedicalresources.Healthcareishardlyavailablefortheagingpopulation.Theworldisinneedofmorequalitymedicalcare.Theworldpopulationisbecomingolderandricher.PassageFourFormanyofus,askingforhelpisadifficultconcept.Wemayfeelasifweareadmittingaweaknessthattheworldwouldnothaveknownabout,hadwenotaskedforhelp.Ironically,it’sbeenmyexperiencethatpeoplewhoareabletodeliverwell-positionedrequestsforhelpareseenasverystrongindividuals.Whentheydemonstratethehumility(謙卑)toaskforhelp,theyearntherespectofothers.Peoplewhoreceiveaheartfeltrequestforhelpareusuallyhonoredbytherequest.Inturn,wearestrengthenedbytheveryhelpthatisprovided.Oneofmyclients(we’llcallherKira)recentlymadeashiftinhowshewasinteractingwithherboss.Whenaskedtopreparepresentations,sheassumedthatshewasexpectedtogoaway,developthecontent,deliveritattherequiredmeetingandthenwaitforfeedbackfromherboss.Herbosswashighlyregardedfortheimpactofhispresentations,whileKiraoftenfeltthatherpresentationswerelacking.Whenshetookahardlookathowthisapproachwasworkingforher,Kirarecognizedthatshehadnotyetmadeuseofherbossssupport.Shecouldlearnfarmoreaboutcreatingattractivepresentationsbywalkingthroughadraftwithherboss—focusingonthecontentplusherdelivery—andobtainingfeedbackearlierintheprocessratherthanatthebackend.Soshemadetherequestforhissupport.TheoutcomeHerbosswasdelightedtocoachKiraandwasenthusiasticabouttheopportunitytoputintousehisownstrengthbyteachingpresentationskillsmoreeffectivelytoher.BytakingthetimetoworktogetheronpreparationforanumberofKira’skeypresentations,shebenefitedfromherboss’sthoughtprocessandwasabletodistinguishthecriticalcomponentstoenhanceherownpresentations.Kira’spresentationsnowhavepunch!Someofusareuncomfortableaskingforhelpbecausewebelievethatourrequestplacesburdensontheotherperson.Ironically,wemaybemissinganopportunitytoshowothershowwevalueandrespectthem.Peoplewhoknowyouandthinkwellofyouareoftenhighlymotivatedtohelp.Furthermore,themorespecificyoucanbeaboutwhatyouneedfromthem,theeasieritisforthemtoassistyou.Manypeopleareunwillingtoaskforhelpbecausethey.A.areconfidentofthemselves B.donottrustotherpeople10C.areashamedofdoingso D.donotthinkitnecessaryWhichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewithAskingforhelpmeansadmittingweaknesses.Helpingothersishelpingoneself.Well-positionedrequestsforhelparewelcomed.Weakpeopleoftenneedmorehelp.Kira’srequestforhelp.A.turnedoutrewardingB.wasturneddownC.ledtoherpromotionD.benefitedherbossinreturn“Kira’spresentationsnowhavepunch”meansherpresentationsare.A.forcefulB.controversialC.wellreceivedD.highlymotivatingThepurposeofthepassageisto.illustratehowtoaskforhelpshowtheimportanceofmutualhelpcallforattentiontoothers’requestsencouragepeopletoaskforhelpSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youarerequiredtoreadonequotedblogandthecommentsonit.Theblogandcommentsarefollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.AfascinatingnewstudyrevealsthatAmericansaremorelikelytocalltheirchildren“intelligent,”whileEuropeanparentsfocusonhappinessandbalance.Here'swhatoneparenthadtosayabouttheintelligenceofher3-year-old,whichwasapparenttoherfromtheveryfirstmomentsofherlife:“Ihavethisvividmemory,whenshewasborn,ofthemtakinghertocleanheroff...Andshewaslookingallaround...Shewasalertfromtheveryfirstsecond...Itookheroutwhenshewassixweeksoldtoashoppingmalltohaveherpicturetaken—peoplewouldstopmeandsay,“Whatanalertbaby”O(jiān)neguystoppedmeandsaid,“Lady,shewasanintelligentbaby”NotonlyareAmericansfarmorelikelytofocusontheirchildren'sintelligenceandcognitiveskills,theyarealsofarlesslikelytodescribethemas“happy”or“easy”childrentoparent.“TheU.S.’sunhealthyinterestincognitivedevelopmentintheearlyyearsoverlookssomuchelse”theresearcherstoldus.Comment1:Probablyindicatesmoreaboutdifferencesinculturalattitudestowardshumilityandboastingthanaboutparentingstyles.HereintheNetherlandsifsomeonecalledtheirchild“intelligent”I'dberollingmyeyes,bothbecauseit’sprobablybiasedandoverstatedandbecauseit’sjustarottenthingtodrawattentionto;asifit’sallaboutwhosechildis“better”.Lifeisn’tthatmuchofadamncontesttous.Comment2：Agreed!ThatwouldapplyinSwedentoo.Parentingismorefocusedonthechild’swell-beingthansocialcompetition(theremaybepressuresheretoo,butitisnotsociallyacceptabletoexpressthosethings).Comment3:IagreeandIliveintheU.S.Parents’opinionsoftheirchildren’sintellectaredefinitelybiasedandoverstated.Itisthemostannoyingthingtolistento.Being“advanced”atayoungagehaslittleifanythingtodowiththeirabilitytolearnastheygetolderandEVERYchildisageniusifyougivethemachanceandaneartolistentothem.Thehappierthekidis,thesmartertheywillbe.Happyandhealthyiskey.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwithculturaldifferencesin.bringingupone’schildrendescribingone’schildrensocialcontestschoosingaplacetoliveinTheword“alert”(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto“.”A.intelligent B.easy-goingC.quickatnoticingthingsD.happyAccordingtoComment1,intheNetherlands,callingone’sownchild“intelligent”is.A.boasting B.acceptableC.encouraging D.reasonableWhatnationalityisthewriterofComment2A.Dutch. B.American.C.Swedish. D.French.AllofthefollowingaretrueofComment3EXCEPTthat.itagreeswithalltheothercommentsbeinghappyandhealthyisimportantbeingintelligentatayoungagemakesnosensechildren’sintellectvariesfrompersontopersonPartIVCloze(10points)Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Ridingabikeisgoodexerciseandgreatfun.ButwhatdoyoudowithabikeafteryououtgrowitNicoleBasil,12,hasaterrificanswertothisquestion.Whenshewas8yearsold,she46PedalPower.ItisacharitythatcollectsbikesthatkidshaveoutgrownanddonatesthemtoChicagopublicschools.Since2008,Nicolehascollectedanddonatedmorethan1,000bikes.47thebicycles,PedalPowersuppliedriderswith400helmets(頭盔)lastyear.“Itisimportanttoride48onabike,andhelmetsareabig

partofthat,”Nicolesays.TheWilmetteBicycle&SportShophelpsto49thatalldonatedbikesaresafetoride.Eachbikereceivesafive-minute50bytheshop’semployees.Thebikesaregiventostudentswhohavegoodgradesandperfectattendance.Nicolesays:"Somekidsaren’tasluckyasothers,51theystilldowellinschool.Ithinktheyshouldbe52forthat.”Nicolehasreceivede-mailsandphonecallsfromparentsandteachersthatsaytest53areimproving.“Bikescantakeyoufar”shesays,“Goodgradescantakeyoueven54”BartonDassingeristheprincipalofCesarE.ChavezschoolinChicago.Studentsinhisschoolhavereceivedbikes,“It’sbeenagreatwayto55studentstodotheirbest:Dassingersays,“Theyworkhardtomakeithappen.”46.A.JoinedB.CreatedC.helpedD.reformed47.A.InadditiontoB.InhonorofC.InlinewithD.Inexchangefor48.A.safelyB.HappilyC.free