高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第三部分寫作指導(dǎo)提分策略二過渡詞語課件北師大版概述

策略二過渡詞語銜接和連貫是構(gòu)建語篇的最基本要素。語句間的連接成分是衡量銜接與連貫的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。構(gòu)成語篇連接成分的過渡詞語,被稱為“篇章紐帶”?？忌獙W(xué)會(huì)恰當(dāng)使用這些表示邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語,使文章過渡自然,前后連貫。下面是一些常見的過渡關(guān)聯(lián)詞語。1.表示時(shí)間順序:first,firstofall,second,third,then,next,now,atpresent,recently,meanwhile,eventually,after,afterwards,inafewdays,atfirst,atlast,inthebeginning,intheend,tobeginwith,later,finally,immediately,soon,suddenly,allofasudden等。2.表示程度遞進(jìn):besides,what’smore,what’sworse,worsestill,inaddition,ontopofthis,moreover,especially,inparticular,even,tomakemattersworse,aboveall等。

3.表示因果關(guān)系:because,becauseof,so,for,thus,one(another)reasonisthat...,since,nowthat,as,thanksto...,dueto...,therefore,asaresult(of),forthisreason等。4.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but,however,while,though,or,otherwise,onthecontrary,incontrast,despite,inspiteof,yet,differentfrom,whereas,nevertheless,eventhough,except(for),instead,afterall,unfortunately等。5.表示并列關(guān)系:and,or,aswell(as),neither...nor...,not...but...,either...or...,notonly...butalso...,both...and...,too等。6.表示讓步關(guān)系:as,though,evenif/though,whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,nomatterwho/what/when/where等。7.表示列舉事實(shí):forexample/instance,suchas,take...forexample,thatistosay,asfollows,inotherwords等。8.表示總結(jié):inshort,inbrief,inaword,onthewhole,aboveall,tosumup,inconclusion,insummary,ingeneral,generallyspeaking等。

承轉(zhuǎn)句起著承上啟下的作用。承轉(zhuǎn)句讓文章語意連貫,邏輯順暢,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,富有說服力和感染力。承轉(zhuǎn)句可用“起承轉(zhuǎn)合”四個(gè)字來概括。1.表示“啟”的常見句型有Aproverbsays...;Itgoeswithoutsayingthat...;Manypeopleoftenask...;Itisclearthat...;Itisoftensaidthat...等。常見短語有atpresent,currently,now,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,onthewhole,first(ly),atfirst,inthefirstplace,tobegin/startwith,inrecentyears,lately等。這些短語或句型多用于段落或文章的開頭。2.表示“承”的常見句型有Noonecandenythat...;Therefore,weshouldrealizethat...;Thereisnodoubtthat...等。常見短語有inotherwords,forexample,forinstance,thatis,namely,suchas,inthiscase,bywayofillustration,basedon,forthisreason,inviewof,considering等。這些短語或句型常用于承接主旨句或第一個(gè)擴(kuò)展句。

3.表示“轉(zhuǎn)”的常見句型有Onecoinhastwosides...;Buttheproblemisnotsosimple...;Idonotbelievethat...;Perhapsyou’llaskwhy...;Thismaybetrue,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto...;Thoughweareinbasicagreementwith...,yetdifferenceswillbefound;That’swhyIfeelthat...;Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis,butwestillhaveaproblem...;Othersmayfindthistobetrue,butIdonot.Ithink...;However,itisapitythat...等。常見短語有withregardto,however,tooursurprise,nevertheless,unfortunately,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,bycontrast,inanycase,atanyrate,but,still,whereas,despite等。這些短語或句型常用于段落中的第二個(gè)擴(kuò)展句中。4.表示“合”的常見句型有Fromthispointofview...;Onaccountofthiswecanfindthat...;Theresultisdependenton...;Thus,thisisthereasonwhywemust...等。常見詞匯及短語有inaword,ingeneral,inshort,aboveall,afterall,generallyspeaking,finally,inconclusion,atlast,therefore,asaresult,thus,eventually,hence,insum,insummary,tosumup,onthewhole等。用于“合”的過渡詞或過渡性的語句通常用在段落的結(jié)論句或文章的結(jié)論段中。

典例假定你是星光中學(xué)的高中畢業(yè)生李華,母校將為高一新生舉辦主題為“Whattolearninseniorhighschool?”的英語沙龍活動(dòng),特邀請(qǐng)你結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷談?wù)勛约旱捏w會(huì)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示準(zhǔn)備一份英語發(fā)言稿。1.學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí):方法,習(xí)慣等;2.學(xué)會(huì)做人:真誠,友善等;3.學(xué)會(huì)其他:考生自擬。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.發(fā)言稿開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Goodmorning,everyone!Itismyhonortobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.

Thankyou!【參考范文】Goodmorning,everyone!Itismyhonortobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbechallenging.First,weshouldlearntostudyefficiently.Personally,Iusedtotryeffectivemethodstoachievemyacademicgoals.Developingagoodhabitisalsoofimportance.Itreallybenefitedmealottopreviewlessons,getactivelyinvolvedinclass,andreviewwhathadbeentaughtafterclass.Inaddition,weshouldlearnhowtogetalongwellwithothers.Inschool,Irespectedteachersandwasfriendlywithclassmates.Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.Finally,weshouldtakepartinsportsandoutdoorsactivitiesfrequently.Theywerereallyhelpfultobuildupmybodyandenrichmyschoollife.Nopains,nogains.Iamsurethatwithgreatefforts,youwillenjoyacolorfulandfruitfullifehere.Thankyou!【思路點(diǎn)撥】試題要求結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷談?dòng)嘘P(guān)高中生活和學(xué)習(xí)的體會(huì)。敘述過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。人稱用第一人稱。根據(jù)要點(diǎn),正文部分可以劃分為三個(gè)段落,每段最好用“主題句—解釋句—總結(jié)句”結(jié)構(gòu)。在規(guī)劃好段落布局后,思考每段具體該如何寫,寫什么,可以采用“亮點(diǎn)提綱法”,即把要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)以亮點(diǎn)短語和句型的方式列出在草稿紙上,再組織成文即可。1.學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí):方法,習(xí)慣等。參考詞匯及短語:learntostudyefficiently,effective,personally,actively等。2.學(xué)會(huì)做人:真誠,友善等。參考詞匯及短語:inaddition,getalongwellwith,respect等。3.學(xué)會(huì)其他。參考詞匯及短語:takepartin,sportsandoutdoorsactivities,helpful等。

(一)假如你是李華,你打算參加即將舉行的溫州市中學(xué)生英語演講比賽,你的演講主題是環(huán)境問題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫一篇演講稿:1.介紹一種你所關(guān)注的環(huán)境問題;2.發(fā)表你對(duì)該問題的見解。注意:詞數(shù)100左右(開頭已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))Dearteachersandschoolmates,Goodmorning.I’mLiHua.It’smygreathonortobehereto

【參考范文】Dearteachersandschoolmates,Goodmorning.I’mLiHua.It’smygreathonortobeheretosaysomethingabouttheglobalwatershortageandwaysofdealingwithit.Asweknow,theglobalwatershortageisbecomingincreasinglyseveremainlyduetoglobalwarming,environmentalpollutionandtheever-increasingpopulation.Therefore,it’shightimewedidsomethingaboutit.Firstly,aneffectiveway,Ithink,istoreservewaterinascientificwayforfutureuse.Secondly,newmethodsneedtobedevelopedtousetheexistingwaterresources,forexample,turningseawaterintofreshwater.Thirdly,wemuststopwaterpollutionbylaw.Lastbutnotleast,it’severyone’sresponsibilitytomakegooduseofwater,suchasrecyclingandsavingwaterinourdailylife.Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage,protectthepresentwaterresourcesandexplorepotentialonesscientifically.Onlyinthiswaycanwemaketheearthaniceplacetoliveon.(二)(2016·山東師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)三模)近來,中國游客在海外的不文明行為倍受爭(zhēng)議。假設(shè)你是李華,一名國際旅行社的導(dǎo)游,就此寫一篇短文在一份英文報(bào)紙上發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示完成作文。1.列舉不文明行為;2.指出其影響;3.提出建議。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.首句已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Asatourguideofaninternationaltravelagency,IfinditsoembarrassingtoseemanyChinesetouristsbehavebadlyabroad.

【參考范文】Asatourguideofaninternationaltravelagency,IfinditsoembarrassingtoseemanyChinesetouristsbehavebadlyabroad.Theyspeakloudlyinpublicplaces,carvecharactersontouristattractions,throwrubbish,spiteverywhere,andevencrosstheroadignoringthetrafficlights.SuchbadbehavioroverseashascausedgreatdamagetotheimageoftheChinesepeopleandourcountryaswell.Measuresshouldbetakentostopthis.First,beforegoingabroad,touristsshouldbetrainedtoobeysocialandpublicorder,andrespectlocalreligionsandcustoms.Besides,itisagoodideatoteachkidstoberesponsiblecitizensfromkindergartendays.Last,lawsshouldbemadetopunishthosewhobehavebadlyinpublicplaces.Ihopesoontouristsoverseaswillchangetheirbehaviorandwinrespectforthemselvesandourcountry.(三)(2016·河南頂級(jí)名校期中考試)假如你是中學(xué)生李華,你收到正在學(xué)習(xí)漢語的美國筆友Peter的電子郵件,說他在漢語學(xué)習(xí)中遇到了困難,感到非常著急。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他回信并提出建議,幫他解決這方面的困難。1.不要擔(dān)憂,要有信心;2.給自己更多練習(xí)漢語的機(jī)會(huì);3.讓自己沉浸于漢語的語言環(huán)境當(dāng)中。要求:1.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;2.詞數(shù)100左右;3.郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearPeter,Ihavereceivedyourletter.