被動語態(tài)教學教材

被動語態(tài)WespeakEnglish.主語謂語賓語Englishis

spoken

by

us.主語謂語賓語主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)They

cleaned

theclassroomyesterday.

昨天他們打掃了教室。Theclassroom

wascleaned

by

them

yesterday.昨天教室被他們打掃了。1.一般現(xiàn)在時：is/am/are+及物動詞的過去分詞2.一般過去時：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞3.現(xiàn)在/過去完成時：has/have/had

+been+及物動詞的過去分詞4.一般將來時：will+be+及物動詞的過去分詞5.含有情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞6.現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are+being+及物動詞的過去分詞歌訣：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面找一找規(guī)律二、被動語態(tài)的結構與時態(tài)時態(tài)助動詞be過去分詞1、一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/areplayed

2、一般過去時was/wereplayed

3、現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/arebeingplayed

4、過去進行時was/werebeingplayed

5、現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasbeenplayed

6、過去完成時had/beenplayed

7、一般將來時will/shallbeam/is/aregoingtobeplayed

8、過去將來時would/shouldbe

was/weregoingtobeplayed

9、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+beplayed(一)被動語態(tài)基本用法:當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。be+過去分詞(二)被動語態(tài)的基本結構:有各種時態(tài)的變化1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不發(fā)音e結尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以輔音加y結尾的，去y變i加-edstudy---studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone動詞過去分詞的變化:[1].NowEnglish____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.

A.speaks

B.isspoken

C.wasspoken一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：主語+am/is/are+PP[2].Thelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.

A.wasfound

B.isfound

C.waslookedfor一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：主語+was/were+PP[3].Moreman-madesatellites____inthefuture.

A.willsendup

B.willbesentup

C.aresentup一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：主語+will+be+PP主語+begoingto+be+PP[4].Threebridges____sincelastyear.

A.havebuilt

B.werebuilt

C.havebeenbuilt現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：主語+have/has+been+PP[5].Flowers____everyday.

A.hasbeenwatered

B.shouldbewatered

C.shouldwater含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+PP(四)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài):(1)把原來的賓語提到前面作被動語態(tài)的主語;(2)把謂語動詞變成被動結構(be＋過去分詞)(根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。(3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。如：

They

make

thebikesinthefactory.

Thebikesinthefactory.aremadethemby主變被步驟:1.找賓語:即動作的承受者(改為主語)He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscar3.判斷新主語的單復數(shù):確定be動詞的單復數(shù).

be4.判斷動詞的時態(tài):即be動詞的時態(tài).2.修改謂語的語態(tài):即be+原V.過去分詞

washed5.修改原句的主語:即by+主語(變賓格).

(byhim)

yesterday.iswaswas1.Tom

broke

thewindow.

Thewindow

2.She

broke

thewindows.

Thewindows

3.He

cleans

theclassroomeveryday.

TheclassroomwasbrokenbyTom.werebrokenbyher.iscleanedbyhimbe動詞的單復數(shù)變化:everyday.

1.Theywill

finishtheworkintendays.Theworkintendays.willbefinished(bythem)2.Theyaregoingtohaveashow

tomorrow.Ashowisgoingtobehad(bythem)tomorrow.1.Amycantakegoodcareofthecat．Thecatcanbetakengoodcare

ofbyAmy.2.Theyshouldsingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongsbythem.shouldbesung

(四)被動語態(tài)的特殊情況:1.在主動語態(tài)中,make,let,hear,see,watch,notice等詞,其后跟省略to的動詞不定式(動詞原形),在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,必須還原動詞不定式符號to.如:

1)Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheard

tosingthissongintheroom.2)Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmade

towork14hoursaday.3)Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseen

towalktoschool.Atrafficaccident_________(happen)justnow.happened2.連系動詞（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物動詞（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：

(表示主語的自然屬性特征)

+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),常見動詞：read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed【2011北京】1.Manyaccidents____bycarelessdriverslastyear.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause【2011上?！?.Anofficial_____bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.A.isinterviewingB.isinterviewedC.wasinterviewingD.wasinterviewed【2011天津】3.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving【2011重慶】4.I’mgladtofindthatmanytrees_______inourcitylastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted【2011陜西】5.Drivingafterdrinkingwine

inChina.A.allowsB.doesn'tallowC.isallowedD.isn'tallowed【2011安徽】6.Don'tworry.Yourpackage

hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept【2011山東】7.It’struethatShakespeare’splay______bysomanypeopleeveryyear.A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen六、Exercises1、Jaysingsmanyfamoussongs.(被動語態(tài)）

ManyfamoussongsJay.2、Hermothergaveheranewpen.(同義句）

Anewpenherbyhermother.3、Ifhe(give)onemoreminute,he(finish)theexamyesterday.4、Thestudentismade(stand)thereforhalfanhour.5、Hewon’tgotobeduntilhishomework(finish).6、Theheatedicecreamscoops(invent)byaman(call)Lanmon.7、Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.(被動）

Astrangerwalkintothebuilding.

aresungby

wasgivento

weregiven

wouldfinish

tostand

isfinished

wereinvented

called

wasseento▲▲▲CorrectingmistakeCorrectthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity．3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?wassentwilllastwerehurt4)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．5)Hisplanissoundedgood．beginssounds1.樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深;3.把樹放進坑里,扶直;4.把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實;5.在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子,并且保證棍子插直了;6.用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水.根據(jù)提示寫一篇以HowtoPlantaTree?為題目的短文，要求內容齊全，上下文連貫。盡量使用被動語態(tài)，80詞左右。Writ