新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系列教程第2版綜合教程課后題標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案

新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系列教程第2版綜合教程課后題答案UnitOneLivinginHarmonyEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction■WorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.Intheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.IAnswers:bunchamazedshiftbundledropcapacityparticipatingstylecommercerobsymbolappreciateddisplayedslipconquerroastfigured2.Intheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.IAnswers:inrichcontrasttoareexposedtoriskedhisliferelyonatknife-pointstandsoutrunscontrarytoflagdownpicks/pickedupio)tookagambleonii)pulledaway12)pulledoverIncreasingYourWordPowerCollocationsLookattheadverbslistedintheboxbelow,anddecidewhichadverbisneededtocollocatewiththeverbineachsentence.Fillthecorrectadverbintotheblankinthesentence.Thesamewordmaybeusedinmorethanonesentence.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.■Answers:outoverbackdownoverupoutbackdownoutupoverbackout15)down16)overStudythedifferentmeaningsoftheword“than”inthefollowingsentences.IAnswersforReference:Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Productionhereneedstemperatureslowerthan25degreesCelsius.Iliketokeepthingsratherthanthrowthemaway.Thereisnobodyhereotherthanme.She'dratherleaveherjobthan(beforcedto)workforthatboss.WordBuildingNowchoosetheChinesemeaningfromColumnBthatmatcheseachitalicizedwordinColumnA.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.IAnswers:d.knjagfbompechilGrammarinContext1.The—ingformandtheinfinitiveformoftheverbTask:Chooseeithertheinfinitiveformorthe—ingformoftheverbinthebracketstocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.IAnswers:preparingtothankrepairing/toberepairedtogetstudyingbeingtreatedmissingtoreducetoleaveworryingThe-edformandthe-ingformoftheverbStudythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentiontothe—edformand—ingformoftheverb.Reflectonitsgrammaticalfunctionineachsentence.Task:CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsintoEnglish,payingattentiontotheuseofthe-ingformandthe-edformofverbs.IAnswers:keptnodding,ratherconfusedFallenleavessurprised,hidingDeeplymovedfollowingBeing,interestedlocatedreadingCloze■CompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.IAnswers:relyingintriguedpennyforcoveredtreatedamazedcontrarygenerallywhateverinvitedattentivewhereTranslationITranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.IAnswersforReference:Therumorabouthisdivorceisjustaploytogainpublicityforhisnewfilm.Hetookagambleonstartingafactorywithallthemoneyhisparentshadlefthim.Afterwinningtheimportantgametheyhoistedtheircaptaintotheirshouldersinshoutingtriumph.Intherushtogoforglobalization,weshouldwatchoutforcollisionofcultures.Inthecircumstancesitwasnotsurprisingthattherewastrouble.Thebabyistheverypictureofhealth.PeoplehaverealizedthedangersofexposingchildrentoviolenceandsexonTV.Wealwayshadinmindforwhomweweremakingthefilm.Theme-RelatedWritingIChooseoneofthefollowingwritingtasksandcompleteitafterclass.Writeanessay(ofabout250words)aboutamemorableexperienceinwhichyouhelpedastrangerorwerehelpedbyhimorher.Writeanessay(ofabout150words)abouthumanrelationshipsinoursociety.Thefollowinghintsmightserveasaguide:Theproblemsexistingintherelationshipsbetweenpeopleinoursociety.Thenegativeresultssuchproblemsmaybringabouttooursociety.c.Whatcanyoudotohelpestablishaharmonioussocietyasastudent?ISampleEssayforTask1:Oneweekendmorning,whilewalkingonabustlingstreetwithalightheart,Iwassuddenlyovertakenbyastartlingmoan.Turningaround,Idiscoveredthesoundwascomingfromablackmassinacorner. "Whafsthat?”Myheartpoundedheavily.Iwentupandsawahumanbeing,alivebutinadreadfulstate.Hewascrouchingonthegroundwithdeformedhandsandlegs,mumblingsomething.Hehadobviouslylostthenormalabilitytomoveandwork.Adirtyplatewasplacedinfrontthemiserable-lookingman,inwhichthereweresomecoinsandsmallnotes.Asmyeyesweredriftingawayfromhim,hiseyescaughtminesuddenly.Whateyestheywere!Filledwithmiseryandexpectation,theywerelookingstraightatme.Hewasunabletospeak,butIseemedtohearhispleadingvoiceandreadhisdespairingmind.Hislookseemedtobetellingmeabouthishardlifeandhislongingforhelp.Forawhile,Iwasatalosswhattodo.ShouldIdropsomecoinsintheplatelikesomeotherpassers-byorturnawayinindifference?Irecallednewsreportsaboutmenpretendingtobebeggars,whowereactuallyhealthyandabletowork.Couldthisbeanotheroneofthosescams?Butthebeggarwasthere,groaningandliving.Thensomethingseemedtohitmehard.Idrewafive-yuannotefrommypocket,droppeditinhisdirtyplateandwalkedawayquicklyinsilence.“Nogooddeedistoosmall.”Maybeweneedtobearthissayinginmind.ISampleEssayforTask2:Wearelivinginaworldofdistrust.Welivebehindcoldsecuritybars;wedonottalktostrangers,letalonegooutofourwaytohelpthem;weliveinfearoffakeproducts.Inshort,fearandfeelingsofinsecurityfilltheenvironmentwelivein.Allthisgreatlyharmsoursociety.Growingupinsuchanenvironment,wetendtofeelisolatedandcareonlyaboutourselves.Ifthingsgoonlikethis,'trust','teamwork',and'harmony'willeventuallybecometermsunheardof.Inmyopinion,trustingothersandbeingtrustworthyarethetwobasicprinciplesthatweshouldfollowifwewanttoimprovehumanrelationships.Wemaynotbeinapositiontochangeothers,butwecanchangethewayothersseeusbywinningtheirtrustinus.Mutualunderstandingandlovearethepillarsthatsupportaharmonioussociety.UnitTwoOptimismandPositiveThinkingEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionIWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.Answers:positivestartledperspectivehardenshapeaddresscrisescurse26)incredible27)conversely28)issue29)response30)prior3i)rare32)accomplish4.Intheboxbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.IAnswers:getthehangofhavelivedthroughmakesadifferencehavenoideaconcernedwithslippedoverranintoinreversemullover■IncreasingYourWordPowerDecidewhether“do”, “make'or "take”isneededtocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.Changetheverbformwherenecessary.IAnswers:doesmaketakedomakeTakedonetakenmakingtookIneachofthefollowingsentencesyouaregiventwoconfusablewordsorexpressionsinbrackets.Choosetheappropriateonetofillintheblank.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.IAnswers:concernedConcerningrejectdeclinedunconscioussubconsciousformerprecedingraiseriseNowmatcheachoftheEnglishwordinColumnAwithitsChineseequivalentinColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.IAnswers:djkabhcflegiGRAMMARINCONTEXTTask1:Whenitisusedasaconjunction,“as”canmean“when/while”，“though/although”, “since/because”, “intheway/mannerthat”,etc.,anditcanalsobeusedinacomparativestructure.Studythefollowingsentencesandexplainthemeaningof “as”ineachsentence.Answersforreference:intheway/mannerthatthough/althoughwhensinceusedinacomparisonthoughwhileinthewaythatTask2:CompletethefollowingsentencesaftertheexamplebytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,using “as”asarelativepronoun.Answersforreference:asyoudescribe/havedescribed/describedasconcerneveryoneofusAsiswellknownAsweallcanseeasyoushow/asyouhaveshownforyourteacherAsisreported/announcedintoday'spapersClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromthisunit.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven.Answers:1)perspective2)despair3)necessity4)perform5)Conversely6)prophecy7)where8)as9)achieve10)recognize11)dealtwith12)attitude13)channels14)concernedTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.IAnswersforreference:Onlythosewhohavelivedthroughasimilarexperiencecanfullyappreciatethis./Theonlypeoplewhocanfullyappreciatethisarethosewhohavelivedthroughasimilarexperience.Scientistshavebeenhardpressedtofigureouthowtheseparticlesform/areformedandinteract(withoneanother).ThosewhohavegotthehangofRubik'sCube(MagicCube)canreturneachfacetoconsistingofonecolourinnotime.Theindividualsuccessoftheemployeesinateamenvironmentresultsinsuccessforthecompany.Thewar,althoughsuccessfulinmilitaryterms,lefttheeconomyalmostinruins.Hedecidedtochannelhisenergiesintosomethinguseful,insteadofbeinggluedto/sittinginfrontoftheTVsetalldaylong.There'sadifferencebetweenstrengthandcourage.Ittakesstrengthtosurvive.Ittakescouragetolive.Shewasbynatureaveryaffectionateperson,alwaysreadytogiveahelpinghandtoothers.Theme-RelatedWritingDoeitherofthefollowingtwowritingtasks.Youmaydrawonsomeusefulideasandexpressionsfromavarietyofsources,suchasthetwotextsinthisunitortheInternet.Havingreadthetwopassagesinthisunit,youmayhavecometoabetterunderstandingoflifeandthetimeswhenpessimisticandoptimisticthoughtstaketurnstoaffectyourbehaviour.Writealetterofencouragement(ofabout150words)tooneofyourhighschoolfriendswhofailedinthecollegeentranceexamination.Tellhimorheraboutyournewunderstandingoftheneedtoremainoptimistic.Thewritersofthetwotextsinthisunitconveytousthemessagethatweneedtolookatthepositivesideofanythingthatcomestousandthatweneedtotakeanoptimisticandpositiveattitudetowardlife.Writeanessay(ofabout150words)toshareyourideaswithyourclassmates.Thefollowinghintsmaybeofsomehelp:Whatismeantby athinkingpositively”？Whatistheconnectionbetweensuccessandoptimism?Howcanwekeepanoptimisticandpositiveattitude?ISampleLetterforTask1:DearWeihua,Iknowyouarestillfeelingupsetaboutyourresultsinthecollegeentranceexamination.IvejustreadanarticleabouthowpessimisticandoptimisticthoughtscanaffectourbehaviourandI 'mnowsendingyouacopy,hopingthatitwillhelpyoustepoutoftheshadows.Naturally,failingthecollegeentranceexaminationcanbeverydepressing,yetifyoucontinuetodwellonthepast,youwillneverbeabletopickyourselfupandfocusonwhatismoreimportantfornowandthefuture.Lifeisfulloftrialsandanyonemaysuffersetbacks.Wemusttakeanoptimisticattitudetowardsthethingswehavetodealwith.Optimismandpositivethinkingarepowerfulforces.Goodthingsdocometrueifwepicturethemoften.Pleasedohaveconfidenceinyourpotential.Justworkhardandprepareforanotherchance.Youwillmakeit.Yours,Janet(152words)■SampleEssayforTask2:Thinkingpositivelymeansallowingyourmindtobefilledwithoptimisticfeelings,andalwayshopingforthebestthoughstillawareofthedifficultiesthatmightbeinvolved.Thehumanmindispowerful;thoughtsofoptimismandpessimismcanbeaself-fulfillingprophecy.Thoughitmightseemimpossibletosome,positivethinkingandsuccessactuallyhaveacause-and-resultrelationship.Thereasonisthatapersonwithpositivethinkingwillalwaysbroadcastgoodwillandconfidenceandthatkindofradiatingattitudewilltakeaholdoneverybody.Gradually,people'sattitudewillshifttowardsmoretrustandrespect.Thisnotonlyopensupmoreopportunitiesfortheindividual,butitalsofeedsbackemotionally,andthecyclecontinues.Thoughtheshapingofapositiveornegativepersonalityoftenhappenssubconsciously, itispossibletocontrolsuchprocessesconsciously.Apersoncantryvisualizing favourablesituations,whetheritisrememberingacontestwonasachildorimagininggettingthatjoboffersolongsoughtafter.Overtimecircumstanceswillchangeaccordingly.(169words)UnitThreeTheRoadtoSuccessEnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinActionWorkingwithWordsandExpressionsIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearntinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththem.Changetheformwherenecessary.IAnswers:favourablediscouragedconsentedneglectcreptsufficienttracedsomewhatrefreshworthyprospectsresolvedremarkedn)undergoo)rewardedIntheboxbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.IAnswers:packupmanyastaysthecourse36)puttothetest37)floodingin38)o■IncreasingYourWordPowerListedintheboxbelowaresomeunitnouns.Discusstheirmeaningsandthencompletethefollowingtablebyfillingintheappropriateunitnoun.Thesameunitnounmaybeusedformorethanonce.Consultadictionaryifnecessary.Answers:asliceofbreadaparticleofrockabunchofkeysabarofsoapacanoforangejuiceasheetofglassanitemofbusinessanarticleoffurnitureasliceofmeataparticleofdustacanofbeerabarofchocolateanarticleofluggageabunchofflowersasheetofpaperanitemofexpenseWordssuchasrespectful,respectableandrespectivemaycauseconfusionbecausetheyaresimilareitherinmeaningorinspelling.Tocommunicateeffectively,weneedtopayspecialattentiontosuchconfusablewords.IAnswers:neglectedneglectfulcolourfulcolouredroughtoughworthworthyfavourablefavouriterespectfulrespectablerespectiveconsiderateconsiderableWordBuildingMatcheachoftheEnglishwordinColumnAwithitsChinesemeaninginColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.IAnswers:d.2)i3)l4)a5)k6)o7)p8)bm10)n11)e12)c13)f14)g15)h16)jGrammarincontext1.Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentiontothesubordinateclausesandconnectives.Reflectontheirgrammaticalfunctionandthendothetaskthatfollows.Task:Fillintheblanksinthefollowingsentencesbychoosingproperconnectivesfromtheboxbelow.IAnswersforreference:1)what2)whether3)whose4)whoever5)what6)where7)how8)which9)that10)that2.Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit,payingspecialattentionto“thepreposition+relativepronoun”structure.Reflectontheirusesandthendothefollowingtask.Task:Completethefollowingsentencesusingaprepositionandarelativepronoun.IAnswersforreference:1)ofwhich2)forwhich3)inwhich4)inwhom5)ofwhich6)towhich7)forwhich8)atwhichClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordsandphraseschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachtargetwordisgiven.IAnswers:1)for2)aware3)affair4)prospects5)storage6)matter7)plunged8)break9)offered10)dancing11)cleared12)welled13)stick14)sacrifices15)publishedTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.IAnswersforreference:RumourhasitthathisnewbookisbasedonatruestoryaboutafamilyinasmallTennesseetown.Heteachesinamiddleschool,buthedoessometranslationworkonthesidetobringinextracash/money.It'sgoodtobeconfident(aboutyourself),butthere'sadifferencebetween(self-)confidenceandconceit.Onlythosewhostickitoutcanachievesuccess.Thosewhogiveuphalfwaywillneverrealizetheirdreams.Atrueheropossesses/hascourage,anoblepurposeandawillingnesstomakesacrifices.Anyonewhopicksupthisnovelandreadsthefirstparagraphwillbehardpressedtoputitdown.Inasense,lifeislikeswimming;ifyoukeepholdingontothesidesofthepool,you(will)neverlearn.Thefutureofanationdependsinalargemeasureuponthequalityofeducationandtraining.Theme-RelatedWritingWriteanarrativeessay(ofabout150words)aboutyourpursuitofadreamorsomeone'sexperiencesinmakinghis/herdreamcometrue.SampleessayLiHui,myfriendinhighschool,wasbornintoaworker'sfamily.Shebegantodreamofbecomingacartoonartistfromherchildhood.Toherdisappointment,herparentsstronglyopposedhercareerchoice,becausethecostofhereducationwouldbetoohighforthepoorfamily,andtheywereworriedaboutthejobopportunitiesforacartoonartist.However,LiHuiwouldnotchangehermind.Sheworkedhardtoperfectherskillsandsearchedpersistentlyforwaystorealiseherdream.Justbeforeshefinishedhighschool,thechancecame:afamousartschoolwasholdingacartoondrawingcompetition.Thefirstthreewinnerswouldbegivenascholarshiptostudycartoondrawingattheschool.LiHuitoldherselfnottoletthechanceslipthroughherfingers.Shereadilyparticipatedandwonthesecondplace.SheisnowstudyingthereandIfeelcertainthatherdreamwillcometrue.(156words)Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutthekeyfactorsforsuccess.Writeashortessay(ofabout150words)andshareyouropinionswithyourclassmates.Sampleessay:Inmyopinion,beforeapersonbecomessuccessful,heorsheshouldfullyunderstandthebasicelementsofsuccess:competence,determinationandoptimism.Forapersontosucceed,heorshehastofacegreatcompetitionandexcelinhisorherchosencareer.Thepersonneedstodemonstrateandprovehisorhercompetenceindealingwithproblems.Withoutcompetence,thepersoncanneitherstandoutamongthecrowdnorattracttheattentionofthosewhoholdthekeystothedoorsofopportunityandadvancement.Yetabilityalonecannotguaranteesuccess.Oftenenough,thingsdonotgothewaywehaveplannedandfailureisunavoidablenomatterhowintelligentorcapablewemaybe.Insuchcasesoneneedstoremainfirmandoptimistic,alwaysbelievingthathardworkwilleventuallypayoff.Ifthepersongivesuphalfway,successwillneverknockatthedoor.(149words)EnhanceYourLanguageAwarenessWordsinAction■WorkingwithWordsandExpressions1.Intheboxesbelowaresomeofthewordsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgiven.Changetheformwherenecessary.■Answers:objectivecurrentadoptexhibitcaptureintegratedoutstandingstrategiesconvincestriving/strivediagnosedside13)spacedthickpainfuleventuallyfascinatingconfidence19)label20)creations2.Intheboxesbelowaresomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearnedinthisunit.Doyouunderstandtheirmeanings?Doyouknowhowtousetheminthepropercontext?Nowcheckforyourselfbydoingtheblank-fillingexercise.Changetheformwherenecessary.■Answers:atrestdroppedoutdryingoutdropindawnedonfallsawaydrownedoutonthesidelinesfallingoutstartoverlosefaithsignoffIncreasingYourWordPowerFillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswithaproperprepositiongiveninthebox.Answers:withtowithonatwithfrombeyondfromonfortoStudytheuseofbutindifferentcontextsandthendothetaskthatfollows.■Answersforreference:Whatcanwedobutsitandwaitforapassingcartobringustoacitynearby?Heliedtothecourtnotjustonce,butonseveraloccasions.“GonewiththeWind“was/isagreatmovie,butitwas/isalittlelong.Ihad/havenochoicebuttoacceptthechallenge.Thesituationlooked/looksdesperate,buttheydidn 't/don'twanttogiveup.Butfortheseinterruptions,themeetingwouldhavefinishedearlier.WhoelsebutJohnwouldhaveplayedatricklikethat?ShewasthebestsingerinChinaatthattime.Icouldnotbutadmireher.Themachinesweboughtwerecheap,buttheywentquitewell.Becausehehad/hasasorethroathewas/isunabletoswallowanythingbutliquids.WordBuildingMatcheachoftheEnglishwordsinColumnAwithitsChinesemeaninginColumnB.Youmayconsultadictionaryifnecessary.IAnswers:jkghibnlfcmdaeGrammarinContextTask1:Fillineachblankinthefollowingsentenceswiththeproperformoftheverbgiveninbrackets,payingspecialattentiontotheuseoftheactivevoiceandthepassivevoice.IAnswers:bedoneawaywithis/getspunishedbeingerectedHavingbeenignoredbelievingtohavesentbelookedupspeak/speakingbeinginterviewedtakenTask2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingspecialattentiontothedifferencesinthechoiceoftheverbvoice.IAnswersforReference:1)杰克，有你的電話(huà)。2)賀卡上印有“新年快樂(lè)”的字樣，在下面還有一條附言。3)給了他們兩天的時(shí)間來(lái)為會(huì)議作必要的準(zhǔn)備。4)物體受熱時(shí)膨脹。5)你的筆寫(xiě)起來(lái)很流暢。ClozeCompletethefollowingpassagewithwordschosenfromTextA.Theinitialletterofeachisgiven .■Answersconnectingadvancesignificancebackwardspathwell-worntruesatisfiedbelievewhatsettledevastatingstumbleddestinationtrappeddrownTranslation■TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets.IAnswersforReference:Ijustcan'tfigureherout,she'samysterytome.Hetravelledfromonevillagetoanother,droppinginonfamiliesandlisteningtotheircomplaintsandproblems.JimalwayssideswithJohninanargument.ThenitdawnedonmethattheywerespeakingSpanish.Theyhavetolivewiththeconsequencesoftheirwrongdecision.Hiswordsweredrownedoutbyloudcheersfromthecrowd.Ilookedattheprintedpagebutthewords madenosense.Wemustawakenpeopletotheneedtoprotectourenvironment.THE