深圳牛津版九年級(下)課文(帶翻譯)

..初三〔下課文〔翻譯1—3Unit1課文〔翻譯Greatexplorations[ekspl?'re??<?>n]探索鄭和下西洋Thevoyages['v???d?]航行ofZhengHe鄭和是中國著名的探險家。1405,他發(fā)起了中國七大航海史上的第一次。這比哥倫布第一次航行發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲新大陸早了近一個世紀。他的旅行是如此重要,人們至今仍然研究。ZhengHewasafamousChineseexplorer.In1404,hesetoff出發(fā)fromChinaonthefirstofsevengreatvoyages['v???d?]航行.Thiswasnearly['n??l?]差不多acentury['sent??r?]世紀beforeChristopher['kr?st?f?<r>]Columbus[k?'l?mb?s]firstsetsail啟航onhisjourney['d???n?]旅途ofdiscovery[d?'sk?v<?>r?]發(fā)現(xiàn)toAmerica.Histravelsweresoimportantthattheyarestillstudiedtoday.鄭和1371出生于XX,后來成為明朝永樂皇帝可信任的官員?；实巯铝钹嵲煸L并探索中國以外的土地,他的任務(wù)是發(fā)展關(guān)系,建立與國外貿(mào)易通道。ZhengHewasborninYunnanin1371.Heroseto升遷；上升到becomeatrusted受信任的official[?'f??<?>l]官員oftheYongleEmperor['emp<?>r?]皇帝oftheMingDynasty['da?n?sti]朝代.TheemperororderedZhengHetovisitandexplore[?k'spl??;ek-]探索thelandsoutsideChina.Histask[tɑ?sk]任務(wù)wastodeveloprelations[d?'vel?p]發(fā)展關(guān)系andsetup建立trade[tre?d]貿(mào)易routes[ru?t]路線；航線withforeigncountries.在短短幾年內(nèi),他建造船舶組成了一支龐大的艦隊,是當時世界上最大的。這些船被稱為寶船,它們大到足以承載25,000人以及非常多的貨物。Inafewyears,hebuiltagreatfleet[fli?t]艦隊ofships,thebiggestintheworldatthattime.Theshipswereknownas被稱作treasure['tre??]財寶ships.Theywerebigenoughtocarry25,000peopleaswellas以及；還verylargequantitiesof['kwɑnt?ti]大量的goods貨物.從1405年至1433年,鄭和前后共進行了七次遠游,并參觀了東南亞,中東,甚至非洲的東海岸?？瓷先]有哪能遠到他們?nèi)ゲ涣说牡胤健＿@些航行使得中國通過貴重物品如黃金、XX和絲綢進行貿(mào)易。From1405to1433,ZhengHewentonseventripsandvisitedSouth-EastAsia[?e???]亞洲,theMiddleEastandeventheeastcoast[k??st]海岸ofAfrica.Itseemedthatnowherewastoofarforhimtovisit.Thesevoyages['v???d?]航行allowedChinatotrade[tre?d]交易valuable['v?lj?b<?>l]貴重的goodslikegold,silver['s?lv?]銀andsilk[s?lk]絲綢.每次航次結(jié)束,鄭和返回時都帶回在中國從沒見過的很多東西,譬如來自非洲的長頸鹿。除了發(fā)展貿(mào)易,航行也帶動了文化和技術(shù)的交流,幫助了這些國家和地區(qū)的發(fā)展。Attheendofeachvoyage,ZhengHereturnedwithmanythingsthatwereseeninChinaforthefirsttime,suchasagiraffe[d??'rɑ:f]長頸鹿fromAfrica['?fr?k?]非洲.Besides[b?'sa?dz]除了developingtrade發(fā)展貿(mào)易,thevoyagesalsoencouraged[?n'k?r?d?;en-]鼓勵theexchange[?ks't?end?]交換ofcultures['k?lt??]文化andtechnologies[tek'n?l?d??]技術(shù).Theyhelpedthedevelopment[d?'vel?pm<?>nt]發(fā)展ofthosecountriesandregions['ri?d?<?>n]地區(qū).1433年,鄭和在他最后一次航行中去世了。然而,他的航行成就是如此巨大,人們?nèi)匀汇懹浰?視他為開拓世界各地不同民族之間文化交流的先驅(qū)。ZhengHediedin1433duringhislastvoyage['v???d?]航行.However,hisvoyagesweresuchahugeachievement[?'t?i?vm<?>nt]成就thatpeoplestillrememberhimasapioneer[pa??'n??]先鋒inopeningup開創(chuàng)cultural['k?lt?<?>r<?>l]文化的contacts['k?nt?kt]接觸；聯(lián)系betweendifferentpeoplesaroundtheworld.閱讀下面的對話和對練吧。注意藍色的字詞。Readtheconversation[k?nv?'se??<?>n]交談；會話below[b?'l??]在下面andpractice['pr?kt?s]練習itinpairs兩個兩個地.Payattentionto注意thewordsinblue.嗨,Tony,我今天錯過了歷史課,你能告訴我學了什么嗎？Doris:Hi,Tony.Imissed錯過theHistorylessontoday.Canyoutellmewhatyoulearnt,please?當然可以,我們學了鄭和他的航行。Tony:Ofcourse.WelearntaboutZhengHeandhisvoyages.對不起,請再說一遍。Doris:Sorry,couldyourepeat[r?'pi?t]重復that,please?好的,我們學了鄭和他的航行,他用貴重商品,如黃金、XX和絲綢做貿(mào)易。Tony:Sure.WelearntaboutZhengHeandhisvoyages.Hetraded[tre?d]交易valuable['v?lj?b<?>l]貴重的goods貨物likegold,silver['s?lv?]銀andsilk[s?lk]絲綢.對不起,我沒聽清,你說他買賣黃金、XX和……？Doris:Sorry,Ididn’tquitecatch明白you.Yousaidhetradedgold,silverand…?絲綢,有一次,他甚至帶回來一只長頸鹿！Tony:Silk.Once[w?ns]一次；曾經(jīng)；一旦heevenbroughtback帶回agiraffe[d??'rɑ:f]長頸鹿!馬可·波羅MarcoPolo在XX西湖,有一個旅行者的小雕像,他的名字叫馬可·波羅。ByWestLake[le?k]湖,inthecityofHangzhou,thereisasmallstatue['st?t?u]雕像ofatraveler.HisnamewasMarcoPolo.馬可·波羅在威尼斯城長大,在現(xiàn)今的意大利。1271年,當他17歲的時候,他跟隨他的父親和叔叔開始了他的亞洲旅程,并且在長達24年中一直沒有回家。他的旅程橫穿亞洲,沿著絲綢之路,游遍整個中國。他很喜歡XX,以至于他將其形容為"世界上最好的城市"。MarcoPologrewup長大inthecityofVenice['venis]威尼斯,inpresent-day['prez?nt'dei]當今的Italy.In1271,whenhewas17yearsold,hesetoff出發(fā)onajourneytoAsia[?e???]亞洲withhisfatheranduncle,anddidnotreturnhomeuntil24yearslater.Histravelstookhimacross[?'kr?s]橫穿Asia,alongtheSilkRoadandthroughout[θru?'a?t]貫穿China.HelovedHangzhousomuchthathedescribed[d?'skra?b]描述itas"thefinestcityintheworld".當馬可·波羅最終回到威尼斯時,當時有一場戰(zhàn)爭,他被抓獲了。他在監(jiān)獄里時,他把他的旅行故事告訴了另一個人。這個人把這些故事寫成了一本書,取名叫《馬可·波羅游記》。因為書中對亞洲生活的精彩描述,很快馬可·波羅的旅游在歐洲被眾所周知了。WhenPolofinallyreturnedtoVenice,therewasawar[w??]戰(zhàn)爭andhewascaptured['k?pt??]俘獲.Whilehewasinprison['pr?z<?>n]監(jiān)獄,hetoldthestoriesofhistravelstoanothermanthere.ThismanwrotethestoriesdowninabookcalledTheTravelsofMarcoPolo.Becauseoftheinterestingdescriptions[d?'skr?p?<?>n]描述ofAsian[?e??n,?e??n]亞洲的lifeinthebook,Polo’stravelssoonbecamewellknown變得著名inEurope['j?r?p]歐洲.這些故事讓許多歐洲人第一次了解亞洲人民的生活和文化。馬可·波羅講到的許多神奇的東西在歐洲是聞所未聞的,如：紙幣。他還寫了一篇是關(guān)于中國的發(fā)展,和她的大城市以及通信系統(tǒng)。他的書讓歐洲人越來越對東方感興趣,這也影響了許多其他的探險家,包括克里斯托弗·哥倫布。1324年,馬可·波羅臨死前說的最后一句話是："我看到的,還有一半沒有告訴你們。"ThestoriesgavemanyEuropeans[j??r?'pi??n]歐洲人theirfirstlookatthelifeandculture['k?lt??]文化；文明ofthepeopleinAsia.Polotoldofmanyamazing[?'me?z??]令人驚異的thingsthatwereunknowntoEurope,suchaspapermoney.HealsowroteaboutChina’sdevelopment[d?'vel?pm<?>nt]發(fā)展,withitslargecitiesandsystems['s?st?m]系統(tǒng)；制度ofcommunication[k?mju?n?'ke??<?>n]通訊；交流.HisbookmadeEuropeansmoreandmoreinterestedintheEast.Italsoinfluenced['?nfl??ns]影響manyotherexplorers[ek'spl??r?<r>]探險家,including[?n'klu?d??]包括ChristopherColumbus.Polodiedin1324.Hislastwordswere:"IdidnottellhalfofwhatIsaw."CulturecornerFerdinandMegellanFerdinandMegellan<1480—1521>wasaPortuguese[,p??tj?'gi?z;-t??-]葡萄牙的explorer[ek'spl??r?<r>]探險家.In1519,heledthefirstvoyagetosail[se?l]航行aroundtheworld.ItwasalsothefirstvoyagetosailfromtheAtlantic[?t'l?nt?k]Ocean['???<?>n]大西洋tothePacific[p?'s?f?k]Ocean太平洋.MagellangavethePacificOceanitsname,whichmeans"peaceful['pi?sf?l;-f<?>l]和平的；平靜的sea"inPortuguese[,p??tj?'gi?z;-t??-]葡萄牙語.However,Magellanhimselfwaskilledinabattle['b?t<?>l]戰(zhàn)役；斗爭beforethevoyagewasfinished.Onlyoneofhisships,theVictoria[v?k't??r??]維多利亞,completed[k?m'pli?t]完成thejourney.Wouldyouliketotravelaroundtheworld?Howwouldyoudoitandwherewouldyougo?Unit2課文〔翻譯Culture['k?lt??]文化shock[??k]沖擊；休克；震驚在其他國家生活Livinginanothercountry我的名字是Brad

Li。今天我在這里給大家介紹一下我去年作為一個交換學生在美國的經(jīng)歷。MynameisBradLi.I’mheretodaytotellyouaboutmyexperienceasanexchange[?ks't?e?nd?;eks-]交換studentintheUnitedStateslastyear去年.我必須承認,第一次到美國對我來說是一個很大的文化沖擊。許多事情對我來說都很怪異：語言,食物,甚至學校。Imustadmit[?d'm?t]承認thatatfirstAmericawasabigcultureshock[??k]forme.Manythingswerestrangetome,thefoodandeventheschool.我的寄宿家庭是住在一個小鎮(zhèn)上。主人家的父母,Hurst

先生和夫人都很親切。他們在我的空閑時間里組織了大量的活動,所以我不會想家或感到孤獨。Istayedwithahostfamily寄宿家庭inasmalltown.Myhost[h??st]主持；主人parents,MrandMrsHurst,wereverykind.Theyorganized['?rɡ?na?z]組織alotofactivities[?k't?v?t?]活動formeinmysparetime[spe?]空余時間sothatIwouldn’tmisshomeorfeellonely.然而,一定程度上,在美國的生活還是很難習慣。我的主要問題是語言。前幾個星期里我很多都聽不明白,因為每個人都說得很快。盡管我很快就設(shè)法去適應它,還是因為他們用了很多成語而產(chǎn)生了問題。例如：當他們身體不舒服時,他們常說自己是"根據(jù)天氣"。他們的日常英語與我們在中國學習的有很大不同。However,toacertaindegree[d?'gri?]在某種程度上,lifeintheUSwashardtogetusedto習慣.Mymain[me?n]主要的problemwaswiththelanguage['l??gw?d?]語言.Ifailedto未能understandmuchinthefirstfewweeksbecauseeveryonespokesofast.ThoughIsoonmanagedto['m?n?d?]設(shè)法,努力getusedtoit,Istillhadproblemsbecausetheyusedalotofidioms['?d??m]成語；習語.Forexample,theyoftensaytheyare"undertheweather"whentheyareill.TheireverydayEnglishisverydifferentfromwhatwelearninChina.另一個方面是食物。我的寄宿家庭總是吃面包、土豆和沙拉。我真的很想念家里的餃子、米飯和美味佳肴。Anotherdifferencewasthefood.Myhostfamilyalwayshadbread,potatoesandsaladformeals.Ireallymissedthedumplings['d?mpl??]餃子,rice[ra?s]米飯anddelicious[d?'l???s]美味的dishes['di?iz]菜肴；盤；碟子fromhome.學校也是一個很大的沖擊。它們不要求學生穿校服,所以學生幾乎可以穿任何他們喜歡的衣服。有些學生整的奇怪的發(fā)型也是如此,有些甚至把頭發(fā)染成粉紅色或紫色！Schoolwasabigshocktoo.Theydonotrequire[r?'kwa??]需要；要求studentstowearuniforms['ju?n?f??m]制服,sostudentscanwearalmostwhatevertheylike.Somestudentshavestrangehairstyles['he?sta?l]發(fā)型aswell也.Somestudentsevenhavepink[p??k]粉色的orpurple['p??p<?>l]紫色的hair!無論如何,當年我還是有許多美好的回憶的,尤其是冬天在雪地里玩耍,打打棒球。在萬圣節(jié),我打扮成《哈利·波特》里的一個角色；在感恩節(jié),我們有一個大火雞大快朵頤。Anyway['en?we?]不管怎樣；總之,Ihavemanygreatmemories['mem<?>r?]記憶ofthatyear,especially[?'spe?<?>l?;e-]尤其；特別playinginthesnowinwinter,andplayingbaseball['be?sb??l]棒球.AtHalloween[?h?l??'i?n]萬圣節(jié),Iwenttoapartydressedas打扮成HarryPotter.AtThanksgiving[,θ??ks'ɡ?v??]感恩節(jié),wehadabigdinnerwithahugeturkey['t??k?]火雞；笨蛋.這是令人激動的一年,對我來說是寶貴的教育經(jīng)歷?，F(xiàn)在,我更多地了解美國文化。我的美國朋友問我了許多關(guān)于在中國生活的問題,這讓我想起我自己的文化也是如此。Itwasanexcitingyear,anditwasavaluable['v?lj?b<?>l]珍貴的education[edj?'ke??<?>n]教育forme.NowIunderstandmoreaboutAmericanculture.MyAmericanfriendsaskedmemanyquestionsaboutlifeinChina,andthismademethinkaboutmyowncultureaswell也.Sam,一名交換生,正在與他的中國老師——李老師,討論美國和中國的節(jié)日。閱讀他們的對話,兩人一組練習,注意藍色的字詞。Sam,anexchange[?ks't?end?]交換student,isdiscussing[d?'sk?s]討論festivals['fest?v<?>l]節(jié)日intheUSandChinawithhisChineseteacher,MrLi.Readtheirconversation[k?nv?'se??<?>n]交談；會話andpractice['pr?kt?s]練習itinpairs.Payattentionto[?'ten?<?>n]注意thewordsinblue.Sam,你享受你在中國的第一個春節(jié)？MrLi:Sam,didyouenjoyyourfirstSpringFestival['fest?v<?>l]春節(jié)inChina?是的,我很享受。在這個節(jié)日期間,許多家庭成員聚在一起。Sam:Yes,Idid.Duringthisfestival,manyfamilymembers['memb?]成員gettogether聚在一起.是的,我聽說在感恩節(jié)美國人也聚在一起吃些特殊的食特,這聽起來很相似。MrLi:Yes,IhearthatatThanksgiving[,θ??ks'ɡ?v??]感恩節(jié)Americansalsogettogetherforaspecialmeal[mi?l]一餐；一頓飯.Itsoundssimilar.是的,挺相似的。在這些節(jié)假日,無論是中國人和美國人,都趕回家舉行一個很大的晚餐。這很有趣。Sam:Yes.It’ssimilar.Duringtheseholidays,boththeChineseandAmericanscomehomeandhaveabigdinner.It’sgreatfun.你認為春節(jié)和感恩節(jié)之間的主要區(qū)別是什么？MrLi:Whatdoyouthinkarethemain[me?n]主要的differencesbetweentheSpringFestivalandThanksgiving?嗯,我們參加不同的活動,吃不同種類的食物。在中國,人們通常燃放煙花和吃餃子；而在美國,我們通常觀看感恩節(jié)游行和電視上的美式足球比賽,我們還吃火雞。Sam:Well,wetakepartin參加differentactivities[?k't?v?t?]活動andeatdifferentkindsoffood.InChina,peopleusuallysetofffireworks['fa??w??k]放煙花andeatdumplings['d?mpl??]餃子.IntheUS,weusuallywatchaThanksgivingparade[p?'re?d]游行；閱兵andanAmericanfootballgameonTV.Wealsoeatturkey['t??k?]火雞.那很有意思。MrLi:That’sinteresting.Readthearticle['ɑ?t?k<?>l]文章abouteducation[,?d?u'ke??n]教育intheUKanddiscuss[d?'sk?s]討論thedifferencesbetweeneducationintheUKandChina.Thencomplete[k?m'pli?t]完成thetable['te?b<?>l]表格below.英國的教育EducationintheUK在英國,每個孩子都必須接受全日制教育,直到16歲。父母可以選擇送子女去公立學校,〔這類學校是免費的,或者去一所私立學校,〔這類學校需要付費。EverychildintheUKmustreceive[r?'si?v]收到afull-time專職的；全日制的educationuntiltheageof16.Parentscanchoosetosendtheirchildreneithertoastateschool,whichisfree,ortoaprivate['pra?v?t]私人的school,whereafee[fi?]費用isrequired[r?'kwa??]需要；要求.每學年一般分為三個學期。每個學期結(jié)束后是假期。暑假是最長的,一般從7月中旬持續(xù)到9月初。Theschoolyearisgenerally['d?en<?>r?l?]通常dividedinto[d?'va?d]分成threeterms[t??m]學期；術(shù)語.Eachtermendsinaholiday.ThesummerholidayisthelongestandusuallylastsfromthemiddleofJulytothebeginningofSeptember.教育主要有兩個階段——小學和中學。5歲至11歲是上小學。主要科目是數(shù)學,英語,歷史,地理,科學,美術(shù),音樂和體育。中學是從11歲至16歲或18歲。授教相同的科目,以及其他科目,如外語〔通常是法語,德語或西班牙語、技術(shù)和計算機學。Educationhastwomainstages[ste?d?]階段；舞臺—primaryschool['pra?m<?>r?]小學andsecondaryschool['sek<?>nd<?>r?]中學.Primaryschoolsareforstudentsfromtheageof5to11.Themainsubjects[?s?bd?ekt]科目areMaths[m?θs]數(shù)學,English,History,Geography[d??'?gr?f?]地理,Science,Art,MusicandPE體育.Secondaryschoolsareforstudentsfromtheageof11to16or18.Thesamesubjectsaretaughtthere,aswellas以及othersubjectssuchasforeignlanguages['l??gw?d?]外語<usuallyFrench,GermanorSpanish['sp?n??]西班牙語>,Technology[tek'n?l?d??]技術(shù)andComputerStudies.16歲后,學生可以選擇找工作或是在學?；?qū)W院繼續(xù)深造,直到他們18歲。16到18歲,學生只能選擇3到4個科目進行學習。兩年〔學業(yè)結(jié)束后,必須參加一些重要的考試。如果他們考得好,他們就可以上大學學習。英國有超過100所大學,最有名的是牛津大學和劍橋大學。Aftertheageof16,studentscaneitherfindsajoborcontinuetheirstudiesataschoolorcollege['k?l?d?]大學untiltheyare18.Betweentheageof16and18,studentsmustchooseonlythreeorfoursubjects

[?s?bd?ekt]科目tostudy.Attheendofthetwoyears,theymusttakesomeimportantexams.Iftheydowell,theycanthengoontostudyatuniversity

[ju?n?'v??s?t?]大學.Thereareover100universitiesintheUK,andthemostfamousaretheUniversityofOxford

['?ksf?d]牛津andtheUniversityofCambridge[?kembr?d?]劍橋.EnglisharoundtheworldJustlikemanyotherlanguages['l??gw?d?]語言,therearedifferentvarieties

[v?'ra??t?]多樣；種類ofEnglish,andnoteveryonespeaksEnglishinthesameway.ThetwomostimportantvarietiesofEnglishareBritish

['br?t??]英國的EnglishandAmericanEnglish.Theyhavemanysmalldifferencesingrammar

['gr?m?]語法andvocabulary

[v?<?>'k?bj?l?r?]詞匯.Forexample,theBritishsay"trousers"['tra?z?z]褲子whileAmericansusuallysay"pants"[p?n<t>s]褲子.However,thebiggestdifferenceisinpronunciation[pr?,n?ns?'e??<?>n]發(fā)音.WhatothervarietiesofEnglishdoyouknowabout?Doyouknowhowtheyaredifferent?Unit3課文〔翻譯Theenvironment[?n'va?r?nm<?>nt;en-]環(huán)境世界正處于危險之中Theworldisindanger

['de?n<d>??]危險我們的世界正處于危險之中,我們必須做些什么來保護環(huán)境。但是,什么是我們面臨的主要問題呢？Ourworldisindanger.Wemustdosomethingtoprotect

[pr?'tekt]保護theenvironment.But,whatarethemain[me?n]主要的problemsweface?溫室效應Thegreenhouse

['gri?nha?s]溫室effect

[?'fekt]影響；效果圍繞著地球的大氣層對一切生物來說,是不可或缺的。它像一個玻璃溫室,讓陽光照進來并避免熱量流失。沒有它,地球?qū)裨铝烈粯永浔覜]有生命。Theatmosphere

['?tm?sf??]大氣；氣氛aroundtheEarthisnecessary

['nes?s<?>r?]必需的foralllivingthings.Itisliketheglassofagreenhouse,lettingsunlight['s?nla?t]日光inandkeepingheat

[hi?t]熱量fromgettingout.Without[w?e'a?t]沒有it,theEarthwouldbethesameastheMoon—coldandlifeless['la?fl?s]無生命的.當我們?nèi)紵剂蠒r,如汽油和煤炭,會產(chǎn)生一種叫做二氧化碳的氣體。這種氣體如果太多,就會對空氣造成污染,并使其保持過多的熱量。溫室效應結(jié)果,就是地球的溫度增加。這將導致海平面上升,并且未來可能會導致城市的消失。Whenweburn

[b??n]燃燒fuels[fj??l]燃料suchaspetrol['petr<?>l]汽油andcoal

[k??l]煤炭,weproduce

[pr?'dju?s]生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)生agas

[g?s]氣體calledcarbon

['kɑ?b<?>n]碳dioxide

[da?'?ksa?d]二氧化物.Toomuchofthisgaspollutes

[p?'lu?t]污染theatmosphere

['?tm?sf??]大氣,andcauses[k??z]引起；原因ittokeepintoomuchheat.Asaresultof[r?'z?lt]結(jié)果thegreenhouseeffect,theEarth’stemperature

['temp<?>r?t??]溫度isincreasing[?n'kri?s]增加.Thiscauses[k??z]引起；原因sealevel

['lev<?>l]海平面torise[ra?z]上升,andinthefuture在未來maycausecitiestodisappear[d?s?'p??]消失.

砍伐森林Cuttingdown砍伐forests

['f?r?st]森林每年,我們都亂砍亂伐毀掉大面積的自然森林。這導致溫室效應更加糟糕,因為樹木能吸收二氧化碳產(chǎn)生氧氣。亂砍亂伐還破壞了生活在森林的動物的家園,并造成土壤表面水土流失。這可能導致洪水泛濫,對環(huán)境造成更大的危害。Everyyear,wedestroy[d?'str??]破壞naturebycuttingdownhuge

[hju?d?]巨大的areas

['e?r??]地區(qū)；區(qū)域offorests.Thismakesthegreenhouseeffectworsebecausetreestakein吸收CO2〔carbon

['kɑ?b<?>n]dioxide[da?'?ksa?d]andproduce[pr?'dju?s]生產(chǎn)oxygen['?ks?d?<?>n]氧氣.Cuttingdowntreesalsodestroys

[d?'str??]破壞thehomesoftheanimalsthatliveinourforests,andcauses[k??z]引起thesurface

['s??f?s]表面ofthesoil

[s??l]土地；土壤tobeeasilydestroyedbyrain.Thiscanresultin導致floods[fl?d]洪水a(chǎn)ndevenmoredamage['d?m?d?]損害；損毀totheenvironment

[?n'va?r?nm<?>nt;en-]環(huán)境.陋習Badhabits['h?b?t]習慣我們的很多〔壞習慣造成污染。人們經(jīng)常使用一次性的東西,或者把它們?nèi)釉诘厣闲纬衫＿@將導致垃圾堆積如山,污染我們的土地和海洋。Manyofourhabitscause

[k??z]引起pollution

[p?'lu??<?>n]污染.Peopleoftenusethingsonceandthenthrowthemaway扔掉,orleavethemontheground

[gra?nd]地面as作為litter

['l?t?]垃圾.Thiscreates[kri?'e?t]創(chuàng)造；造成；創(chuàng)作mountainsof大量的rubbish['r?b??]垃圾andpollutes

[p?'lu?t]污染ourlandandseas.為了保護環(huán)境,我們必須采取適當?shù)拇胧Ｎ覀儜撚袆e于某些消費者,而成為"綠色消費者"。這意味著,我們應該只購買和使用對環(huán)境無害的產(chǎn)品。很多東西我們還應該盡我們所能進行回收,可以再重復使用,或者將其用于新用途。只要我們學會以一種新的方式生活,我們是可以有所作為的。Inorderto為了protecttheenvironment

[?n'va?r?nm<?>nt]環(huán)境,weneedtotakeproper

['pr?p?]action采取合適的行動.Weshouldbedifferentfrom不同于manyconsumers[k?n'sju?m?]消費者andbecome"greenconsumers".Thismeansthatweshouldonlybuyanduseproducts

['pr?d?kt]產(chǎn)品friendlytotheenvironment[?n'va?r?nm?nt]環(huán)境.Weshouldalsorecycle

[ri?'sa?k<?>l]重復利用asmanythingsaswecan.Wecanreuse[ri?'ju?z]再使用thingsforthesamepurpose['p??p?s]目的asbefore,orwecanusethemfornewpurposes.Ifwejustlearntoliveinnewanddifferentways,wecanmakeadifference有影響.閱讀下面的對話并結(jié)伴練習,注意藍色的字詞。Readtheconversation

[k?nv?'se??<?>n]對話below

[b?'l??]下面地andpractice['pr?kt?s]練習itinpairs兩個兩個地.Payattentionto注意thewordsinblue.你有沒有注意到最近城里的空氣非常差？Amy:haveyounotices['n??t?s]注意thattheairinthecityisverydirty

['d??t?]臟的recently['ri?sntl?]最近?是的,我注意到了。我很擔心,因為霧霾使很多人難以呼吸。Kevin:Yes,Ihave.I’mworriedabout擔心thatbecausethesmoke

[sm??k]煙makesitdifficultforanypeopletobreathe

[bri?e]呼吸.我擔心污濁的空氣可能會使一些年幼的孩子生病。Amy:I’mconcerned

[k?n's??nd]關(guān)心的；擔心的thatthedirtyairmightmakesomeyoungchildrenill.我也是。我認為我們應該倡導人們更多地乘坐公共交通出行。Kevin:Metoo.Ithinkweshouldaskpeopletousepublictransport

['tr?nsp?rt]公共交通moreoften.一個塑料瓶的旅程Thejourney['d???n?]旅行ofaplastic['pl?st?k]塑料的bottle我是一個塑料瓶。一個星期前,我在一家超市貨架上。同我所有的兄弟姐妹——其他裝滿水的瓶子——一樣,有一個正常的生活。我覺得真開心。Iamaplasticbottle.Aweekago,Iwasonasupermarket

['su?p?mɑ?k?t;'sju?-]超市shelf[?elf]架子.Ihadanormal['n??m<?>l]正常的life,thesameasallmybrothersandsisters—otherbottlesfullofwater.Ifeltreallyhappy.后來,一個高個子的女人拿起我,把我放在了她的籃子里！女人把我?guī)Щ丶?把我放在冰箱里。那里很冷,但我很快和里面的其它瓶瓶罐罐成了朋友。可是,僅僅幾個小時后,她把我從冰箱中取出來,把我裝的水喝了,然后把我扔進垃圾桶。我從來沒有感到我的生活是如此的空虛寂寞。Thenatallwomanpickedmeup拾起來andputmeinherbasket!Thewomantookmehomeandputmeinthefridge[fr?d?]冰箱.Itwascold,butIsoonmadefriendswiththecans金屬罐andbottlesinit.However,onlyafewhourslater,shetookmeoutofthefridgeanddrankthewaterinsideme.Thenshethrewmeintoadustbin

['d?s<t>b?n]垃圾箱.Ihaveneverfeltsoemptyandaloneinmylife.第二天一大早,一個男人把我從垃圾箱里倒出來。把我和其他垃圾一起投入到一輛卡車的后箱里。這里的氣味太難聞了。接著,我與其他垃圾堆在了一起,很快我就完全擠扁了,我簡直不敢相信我能瘦成這樣了。Earlythenextmorning,amantookmeoutofthedustbin

['d?s<t>b?n]垃圾箱.Hethrewmeandtheotherrubbish['r?b??]垃圾intothebackofatruck[tr?k]卡車.Thereweresomanyhorrible

['h?r?b<?>l]可怕的；極討厭的smells.ThenIwaspushedtogetherwiththerestof剩下的therubbish.SoonIwascompletely[k?m'pli?tl?]完全地flat

[fl?t]平的；公寓.Icannotbelieve[b?'li?v]相信howthinIbecame.我睡了一會兒,當我醒來時,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個可怕的地方。我周圍全是丑陋的東西,而且散發(fā)著難聞的氣味。我很害怕。我一直希望我會被移到其它什么地方。接著一輛巨大的卡車開過來,把我們覆蓋到了一層土壤下面。Isleptforawhile一會兒.WhenIwokeup醒來.Ifoundmyselfinaterrible['ter?b<?>l]可怕的；糟糕的place.Everythingaroundmewasugly['?gl?]丑陋的andhadhorrible

['h?r?b<?>l]可怕的；極討厭的smells.Ifeltafraid.IkepthopingthatIwouldbemovedsomewhereelse.Thenhugetrucks[tr?k]卡車cameandcovereduswithalayer['le??]層ofsoil

[s??l]土地；土壤.我問另一個瓶子接下來我們將會怎么樣。他說,我們永遠無法離開這個可怕而擁擠的地方,必須在這里呆上幾千年。"為什么他們不能重復使用或回收利用我們呢？"我哭了。Iaskedanotherbottlewhatwouldhappentous.Hesaidthatwewouldneverleavethishorriblecrowded['kra?d?d]擁擠的place,butwouldhavetostayhereforthousandsofyears."Whycan’ttheyreuse

[ri?'ju?z]再使用orrecycle[ri?'sa?k<?>l]重復利用us?"Icried[kra?d]哭泣；喊叫.CulturecornerYourcarbon['kɑ?b<?>n]碳footprint['f?tpr?nt]腳印〔碳排放量Thetotal['t??t<?>l]全部的amountof總額carbondioxide[da?'?ksa?d]二氧化碳<CO2>youproduce[pr?'dju?s]生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)生ayeariscalledyourcarbonfootprint.Besidesbreathing

['bri?e??]除了呼吸,therearetwootherwaysyoucanproduceCO2.First,youcandoitdirectly[d?'rektl?;da?-]直接地,bydrivingacarorusingagas[g?s]stove

[st??v]煤氣爐.Second,youcandoitindirectly

[,?nd?'rek<t>l?]間接地,bybuyingorusingproducts

['pr?d?kt]產(chǎn)品thatproducedCO2whentheyweremade.Generally['d?en<?>r?l?]通常,youshouldmakeyourcarbonfootprintassmallaspossible.Forexample,youcanusepublictransport[tr?n'sp??t;trɑ?n-]公共交通insteadof而不是acar,oryoucanwalkorcycle

['sa?k<?>l]循環(huán)；騎單車.Whatotherthingscanyoudotoreduce

[r?'dju?s]減少yourcarbonfootprint?初三〔下課文〔翻譯4—6Unit4課文〔翻譯Naturaldisasters

[d?'zɑ?st?]災害；災難大洪水Thegreatflood[fl?d]淹沒；洪水在上周的地理課上,我們學習到如果南北兩極所有的冰都融化了,全世界的海平面就會上升,許多城市將被淹沒并消失。LastweekinGeography

[d??'?gr?f?]地理class,welearntthatifallthericeintheNorthandSouthPoles

[p??l]桿；極點melted[melt]融化,sealevel['lev<?>l]海平面aroundtheworldwouldrise,andmanycitieswouldbefloodedanddisappear[d?s?'p??]消失.這使我開始擔心。如果我們的城市嚴重淹水,將會發(fā)生什么事？還會有人活著嗎？昨天晚上,我夢到一場大洪水：Itstartedtoworry

['w?r?]擔心me.Whatwouldhappenifourcitywasbadly

['b?dl?]嚴重地flooded?Wouldanyoneremainalive[r?'me?n]依然?Lastnight昨天晚上,Idreamtabout夢見agreatflood:早上九點鐘,我的臥室的地板成了一個水塘。我向窗外看去,到處是水。水淹沒了道路、公園和小房子。大件的物體,例如長途汽車和船,從我窗前經(jīng)過。它們在漂浮在水中。我不能只是站在那里！我必須做點什么！Itwasnineo’clockinthemorning.Mybedroomfloorwasapool[pu?l]水塘ofwater.Ilookedoutofthewindow.Waterwaseverywhere.Itcoveredroads,parksandsmallhouses.Largeobjects

['?bd??kt;-d?ekt]物體；目標,suchascoaches[k??t?]教練；車廂；長途公車；四輪大馬車andboats,passedby經(jīng)過mywindow.Theywerefloating[fl??t]漂浮inthewater.Icouldnotjuststandthere!Ihadtodosomething!我試圖給我爸爸打,但是線路不通。我的電腦還在運行,所以我給他發(fā)了一封郵件。我寫道："爸爸,發(fā)洪水了!我們該怎么辦？"他給我回了一封郵件,上面寫道："凱文,我的老板給了我一些工作,堅持工作很重要。我抽不出時間閑坐著擔心洪水。"Itriedtocallmydad,buttheline[la?n]路線；航線；線wasdead.Mycomputerwasstillworking,soIsenthimanemail.Iwrote,"Dad,there’saflood!Whatshouldwedo?"Hesentmeanemailbackwhichsaid,"Kevin,mybosshasgivenmesomework.It’simportanttostickwith堅持下去；忍耐it.Ican’tafford

[?'f??d]買得起；承擔tositaround閑坐著；無所事事andworryabouttheflood."接著,我給我最好的朋友發(fā)郵件。"我們應該怎樣對待洪水？"我問道。我的朋友回答說："我沒有時間考慮洪水,我在玩電腦游戲…"ThenIemailedmybestfriend."Whatshouldwedoabouttheflood?"Iasked.Myfriendreplied

[r?'pla?]回答."Ihavenotimetothinkabouttheflood.I’mplayingcomputergames…"我大聲喊："水！看那些水！"但是我的呼喊無人理睬。在辦公室和家里,人們只是坐著,盯著他們的電腦屏幕。似乎他們并不想離開,電腦比洪水更重要。Ishouted,"TheWATER!LookattheWATER!"Butmycries

[krai]喊叫fellondeadears.Inofficesandhomes,peoplejustsatandstaredat[ste?]凝視；盯著看theircomputerscreen

[skri?n]屏幕.Itseemedthattheydidnotwanttoleave.Computersweremoreimportantthantheflood.很快,水進入了人們的房間,涌到他們的桌子上,并淹沒了他們的電腦。最后,人們驚訝地開始注意到洪水。但是已經(jīng)太晚了。接著,我醒了。沒有水,我很安全---暫時的。Verysoon,thewatercameintopeople’srooms.Itpouredonto[p??]傾瀉；涌theirdesksandcovered['k?v?]覆蓋；封面theircomputers.Insurprise驚奇地,peoplefinallystartedtonotice

['n??t?s]注意；通知theflood,butitwastoolate.ThenIawoke[?'w??k]醒來.Therewasnowater.Iwassafe—fornow.Theicestorm

[st??m]暴風雨〔冰暴1998年,對加拿大來說,是一個黑暗的日子,雨開始從天上掉下來。然而,這不是普通的雨,因為它通過冷空氣,下降過程中就變成了冰。雨下了六天,在道路上、樹木上和電線上,集聚了厚達十厘米的冰。ItwasadarkdayinCanada

['k?n?d?]加拿大in1998whenrainbegantofallfromthesky.However,thiswasnotordinary

['??d?n<?>r?;-d<?>n-]普通的rain—itturnedto變成iceasif好像fellthroughthecoldair.Itrainedforsixdays,andasmuchas多達tencentimeters

[?sent?mi?t?<r>]厘米oficecollected[k?'lekt]收集；聚集onroads,treesandpowerlines電線.1月5日,蒙特利爾人醒來時發(fā)現(xiàn),他們家中停電了。黑暗和寒冷籠罩著,道路被冰雪覆蓋,所以無論步行或駕車去任何地方都是非常危險的。每家都不得不困在家里,燃燒木材取暖,他們期待著供電能隨時恢復。On5thJanuary,thepeopleofMontreal

[,m?ntri'?:l]蒙特利爾wokeup醒來tofindtheyhadnoelectricity[,?lek'tr?s?t?]電力intheirhomes.Itwasdarkandcold.Theroadswerecoveredinice,soitwasverydangeroustowalkordriveanywhere.Familieshadtostayinsideandburnwoodtokeepwarm取暖.Theyexpected

[?k'spekt]期待thepowertocomebackon返回atanytime.然而,冰雨還在不斷下著。樹枝被壓斷,整棵樹倒下。更多的電線掉了下來,道路變得更加危險。However,theicekeptfalling.Itcaused

[k??z]原因；引起branches[brɑ?n<t>?]樹枝；分支andwholetreestofalldown.Morepowerlinesfelldown,andtheroadsbecameevenmoredangerous.到了第三天,許多人家里開始沒東西吃了。這是一個艱難的時刻。軍隊派出超過14,000名士兵參與救援。Bythethirdday,manyfamilieshadnofoodtoeat.Itwasadifficulttime.Thearmy

['ɑ?m?]軍隊sentover14,000soldiers['s??ld??]士兵tohelp.最后,六天過后,冰暴停了,但災難并沒有結(jié)束。因冰量巨大,使得整個地區(qū)都非常危險。由于冰開始融化,像刀一樣從建筑物和樹木上墜下來。大部分的電力線路被嚴重損毀,無法進行修復。有些家庭整整停了一個月的電。許多房屋被破壞,許多人——尤其是農(nóng)民——失去了他們的生計。加拿大人民永遠不會忘記大自然有多么可怕。每個人都希望永遠不會再有另一個像1998年那樣的冰暴。Finally,aftersixdays,theicestormstopped,butthetroublewasnotover.Thehugeamountof大量的icemadethewholearea['e?r??]地區(qū)verydangerous.Astheicestartedtomelt[melt]融化,itfellfromtheroofs[ru?f]屋頂ofbuildingsandtreeslikeknives

[na?f]刀.Mostofthepowerlinesweresobadlydamaged

['d?m?d?]嚴重損壞thattheycouldnotberepaired[r?'pe?]修理.Somefamilieshadnoelectricity[,?lek'tr?s?t?]電力forawholemonth.Manyhomesweredamagedandmanypeople,especiallyfarmers,losttheirbusiness失去生意.ThepeopleofCanadawillneverforgethowterrible['ter?b<?>l]可怕的；糟糕的naturecanbe.Everyonehopesthattherewillneverbeanothericestormliketheonein1998.Howatyphoon[ta?'fu?n]臺風getsitsnameIntheolddays在過去,everycountryhadadifferentsystem['s?st?m]制度；系統(tǒng)fornamingtyphoons.Therefore['ee?f??]因此,atyphoonthathit

[h?t]打擊；襲擊severaldifferentcountriesmighthavedifferentnames.In2000,14countriesandregions['ri?d?<?>n]地區(qū)inthePacific[p?'s?f?k]太平洋Regionsbegantouseanewsystemfornamingtyphoons.Eachofthecountriesandregionsoffered['?f?]提出tennames.Thesecouldbenamesofmen,women,flowers,animals,treesorevenfoodnames.Whenever

[wen'ev?]無論何時；每當anewtyphoonarises[?'ra?z]出現(xiàn)；上升,itisgiventhenextnameonthelist[l?st]列表；清單.Whentheendofthelistisreached,thesamenamesareusedoveragain再次.Unit5課文〔翻譯滑雪：一次難忘的經(jīng)歷Skiing

['ski???]滑雪:Anunforgettable

[?nf?'get?b<?>l]難忘的experienceByVanessa去年,我父母帶我度過了一個真正特別的假期。Lastyear去年,myparentstookmeonaveryspecialholiday.我的夢想是看一些真正的雪,所以在圣誕期間,我們帶上護照,飛越太平洋到達了加拿大的卡爾加里市。我們乘公共汽車到了位于加拿大落基山脈的滑雪旅游勝地。Mydreamwastoseesomerealsnow,soduringtheChristmasholiday,wetookourpassports['pɑ?sp??t]護照andflewoverthePacific[p?'s?f?k]太平洋toCalgary,Canada['k?n?d?]加拿大.Wetookabustoaskiresort[r?'z??t]滑雪勝地intheCanadian[k?'ne?d??n]加拿大的Rockies['r?kiz]落基山脈.當公共汽車翻山越嶺時,我們看到樹上厚厚的積雪。我極想出去玩玩雪！最后,我們到達了旅游勝地并迅速跳下公共汽車。這是我們第一次與雪相伴的經(jīng)歷。我們就像小孩子一樣---滾雪球,互相投擲！后來,我們登記入住旅館。在旅館的對面我們可以看到滑雪斜坡。我們迫不及待想出去滑雪。Asthebusclimbedthroughthemountains,wesawthethicksnowonthetrees.Iwasdyingto切望getoutandplaywithit!Atlast,wereachedtheresort

[r?'z??t]度假勝地andquicklyjumpedoutofthebus.Thiswasourfirstexperiencewithsnow.Wewerelikelittlechildren—wemadesnowballs['sn??b??l]雪球,andthrewthematoneanother!Thenwecheckedin

[t?ek]登記atthehotel.Wecouldseetheskislope

[sl??p]斜坡opposite

['?p?z?t;-s?t]在..對面thehotel.Wecouldnotwaittogetoutandski.第二天,我們穿上我們的滑雪服,戴上手套,帶上我們的滑雪板,來到外面的雪地上。第一次穿上滑雪板讓我感覺怪怪的。突然,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不能行走了！后來,我們和一對年輕夫妻一起參加了滑雪課。我們的教練帶我們?nèi)チ艘粋€平緩的斜坡并教給了我們一些基本的技巧。說實在的,第一堂課并不是很成功。我不停地跌倒,不得不抓住一根繩索以保持平衡。Thenextday,weputonourskisuits滑雪服andgloves

[gl?v]手套,tookourskis滑雪板andwentoutsideontothesnow.Wearingskisforthefirsttimemademefeelstrange.SuddenlyIfoundmyselfunabletowalk!Thenwehadaskiinglessonwithayoungcouple['k?p<?>l]夫婦.Ourinstructor[?n'str?kt?]教員tooku