Module-6-War-and-Peace-SectionⅣ-課件(外研版選修六)

SectionⅣ

Grammar&WritingModule6WarandPeace語法專題突破

SectionⅣ寫作專題突破語法專題突破品味語法1．HespeaksEnglishasifhehadstudieditinEnglandbefore.2．IwishIhadabighouse.3．Heinsistedthattheoldman(should)besenttohospitalatonce.自我探究例句1，asif后面所表示的不是事實(shí)的話，從句謂語使用虛擬語氣，表現(xiàn)在用一般過去時(shí)，表過去用過去完成時(shí)；例句2，wish后跟賓語從句，表示愿望，也常用虛擬語氣，表示現(xiàn)在的愿望用一般過去時(shí)；例句3，在某些特定動詞后面的賓語從句謂語用(should)do形式。虛擬語氣

(Ⅱ)1．wouldrather之后的賓語從句中用虛擬語氣，表示寧愿讓別人做某事。(1)用動詞過去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪龅氖?。I’dratheryouwenthomenow.我寧愿讓你現(xiàn)在就回家。Don’tcometomorrow.I’dratheryoucamenextweekend.明天別來，我寧愿你下個(gè)周末來。講解歸納(2)用動詞的過去完成式表示過去的動作。I’dratheryouhadn’tdonethat.我真希望你沒做過那件事。2．在動詞wish后的賓語從句中使用虛擬語氣，表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。賓語從句中的謂語動詞有以下三種形式：用法賓語從句中謂語動詞的形式例句表示目前不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望動詞過去式(be用were)IwishIwerenotsobusy.但愿我不那樣忙碌。表示過去不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望had＋動詞的ed形式Shewishedshehadstayedathome.她當(dāng)時(shí)要是留在家里就好了。用法賓語從句中謂語動詞的形式例句表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望would/could＋動詞原形Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.我希望你不要再抽煙了。3.(1)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為表示“建議”、“命令”、“請求”和“要求”的動詞時(shí)，如suggest(建議)，propose(提議)，recommend(建議)，move(提議)，advise(建議)，insist(堅(jiān)持要求)，ask(要求)，require，request(要求)，demand，desire，order，command(命令)，decide，intend(打算)，prefer(寧愿)，urge(催促)時(shí)，其后的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞為“should＋動詞原形”(should可省略)。Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingtonight.我建議我們今晚開個(gè)會。Theyinsistedthathe(should)begintheworkatonce.他們堅(jiān)持讓他立刻開始工作。Heorderedthatallpeople(should)takepartinthework.他下令所有的人都要參加這項(xiàng)工作。Heaskedthathe(should)begivenanopportunitytotry.他要求給他一個(gè)嘗試的機(jī)會。Imovethatthemoney(should)beusedforbooks.我提議把這筆錢用于買書。Theyurgedthatwe(should)takeactiononthismatterimmediately.他們極力主張我們對這件事立即采取行動。注意：當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持聲稱”時(shí)，其后的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。(2)在句型“Itis/was＋過去分詞＋that從句”中，當(dāng)過去分詞為“suggested，ordered，desired，insisted，required，demanded，requested，decided，proposed，urged”等時(shí)，從句中要用“should＋動詞原形”(should可省略)。Itisdesiredthateveryone(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.要求每一個(gè)人在今晚之前要將一切準(zhǔn)備好。ItisrequestedthatMissZhang(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.請求張小姐在晚會上表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。(3)在表示主張、要求、命令等概念的名詞，如advice，order，request，requirement，suggestion，command，necessity，importance，idea，plan，motion(提議)，proposal(建議)，recommendation(建議)，understanding(協(xié)議)等后面的同位語從句或表語從句中，用“should＋動詞原形”(should可省略)。Imadeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.我提出了我們下星期開會的建議。(同位語從句)Hissuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beheldinthisroomhasbeenaccepted.他的關(guān)于在這個(gè)房間召開會議的建議被采納了。(同位語從句)Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.我的想法是我們多找些人來參加會議。(表語從句)4．(1)在句型“Itis/was＋形容詞＋that從句”中，當(dāng)形容詞為“important，necessary，strange，natural，essential，urgent(緊要的)，proper(適當(dāng)?shù)?，appropriate(合適的)”等時(shí)，從句中要用“should＋動詞原形”(should可省略)。Itisimportantandnecessarythatweshouldmasteraforeignlanguage.掌握一門外語對我們來說是重要的和必要的。Itisstrangethathe(should)refuseyourhelp.他竟然拒絕你們的幫助，真奇怪。(2)在句型“Itis/was＋名詞＋that從句”中，當(dāng)名詞為“apity，ashame，nowonder”等時(shí)，從句中謂語動詞表示過去的動作，要用“should＋動詞原形”，should表示出人意料，常譯成“竟然”。Itisagreatpitythatheshouldbesoselfish.真遺憾，他竟然那么自私。(3)在句型“Itis(high)time＋(that)從句”中，從句中需用虛擬語氣，從句謂語動詞用過去式或should＋動詞原形(should不可省)，表示“現(xiàn)在該做某事了”。Itis(high)time(that)wewenthome.我們該回家了。還可表示為：Itistimeforsb.todosth.。到了某人該做某事的時(shí)候了。5．由asif和asthough等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示方式時(shí)，意思是“好像”，這時(shí)從句中常用虛擬語氣。其從句謂語動詞用過去時(shí)(be用were的形式)表示所說的與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反；用過去完成時(shí)表示所說的與過去的事實(shí)相反。Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhewereherownchild.那位老師對待那個(gè)學(xué)生就像對待自己的孩子。注意：如果說話人講的事與事實(shí)相符。asif從句中用陳述語氣。Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.看起來要下雨了。6．ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，表示“如果……就好了”，可使用虛擬語氣，也可用于陳述語氣。IfonlyIhadtakenheradvicelastweek.＝

IwishIhadtakenheradvicelastweek.如果上星期我聽從她的建議就好了。Ifonlyhecomesearly.但愿他早點(diǎn)來。注意：onlyif引導(dǎo)條件句，表示“只有”；only起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。語法專練Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Ourteacherhaslovedusasifwe

________________(be)herchildren.答案：were2．Hesuggestedthatameeting

________________(hold)todiscusstheissue.答案：(should)beheld3．IfonlyI________________(meet)thatfilmstaryesterday.答案：hadmet4．Myideaisthatwe________________(think)itoverbeforeacceptingit.答案：shouldthink5．Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou________________(be)ill.答案：are6．Iwouldratherthey________________(nothear)ofthenews.答案：hadn’theard7．ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshe________________(study)EnglishinAmerica.答案：hadstudied8．Itisnecessarythathe

________________(send)thereimmediately.答案：(should)besent9．IwishI________________(know)whatishappeningthereinhisroom.答案：knew10．Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay________________(raise)by15percent.答案：(should)beraisedⅡ.單項(xiàng)填空1．(2010年高考江蘇卷)Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI’dratherhe________moreonitsculture.A．focus

B．focusedC．wouldfocus D．hadfocused解析：選B。wouldrather后接從句時(shí)后應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用動詞的過去式。2．Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou________swimaftereatingalargemeal.A．wouldn’t B．couldn’tC．needn’t D．shouldn’t解析：選D?？疾樘摂M語氣。recommend，suggest，demand等后面的賓語從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，從句中的謂語動詞用should＋do，should可以省略。故這里選D項(xiàng)。3．—MyunclesuggestsI________abroad.—Iwouldratheryou________athome.A．go；stay B．went；stayedC．go；stayed D．went；stay解析：選C。suggest當(dāng)“建議”講時(shí)，從句中要用虛擬語氣，結(jié)構(gòu)是should＋動詞原形，should可以省略。wouldrather后跟從句時(shí)，從句中也要用虛擬語氣，根據(jù)語境此處用過去時(shí)。4．Youradvicethatshe________tillnextweekisreasonable.A．willwait B．isgoingtowaitC．waits D．wait解析：選D。advice后跟的同位語從句中應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即(should)do，故選D。5．Itisrequiredthatyou________atsix.A．willarrive B．a(chǎn)rriveC．a(chǎn)rrived D．wouldarrive解析：選B。在Itisrequiredthat句型中，require表示“要求”，that從句謂語動詞為should＋動詞原形，should可以省略。6．—Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe________toMiamibuttoNewYork?—Iagree，buttheproblemis________hehasrefusedto.A．willnotbesent；thatB．notbesent；thatC．shouldnotbesent；whatD．shouldnotsend；what解析：選B。句意為：“你不認(rèn)為不把他送往邁阿密而送往紐約很有必要嗎？”“我同意，但問題是他已經(jīng)拒絕了?！钡谝粋€(gè)空應(yīng)是表示建議的虛擬語氣，動詞形式用should＋do/bedone，should可省略，此處根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；第二個(gè)空考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)詞本身無意義，只起引導(dǎo)作用，應(yīng)用that。7．Butfortheirhelp，we________theprogramintime.A．cannotfinishB．willnotfinishC．hadnotfinishedD．couldnothavefinished解析：選D?？疾樘摂M語氣。butfor相當(dāng)于without，可以用if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件句替換。由句意可知，這里表達(dá)的是與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，所以用couldnot＋havedone，表示“過去不可能做了某事”。8．—Areyousureheisabletodothejobwell?—________hewouldgivehismindtoit.A．Incase B．UntilC．Ifonly D．Unless解析：選C。句意為：“你能保證他能很好地完成這項(xiàng)工作嗎？”“只要他能全身心地投入進(jìn)去?！眎fonly意為“只要”，常引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣，表示一種更有禮貌的愿望。incase萬一；until直到；unless除非，均不合題意。9．—Robintoldmethathewouldleavetonight.—Whatapity！Mybrotherwishesthathe________withhimforachat.A．canstay B．willstayC．hadstayed D．wouldstay解析：選D。句意為：“羅賓告訴我他今晚就要離開了。”“真遺憾！我弟弟希望他留下來和他聊天?！眞ish后面的賓語從句常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬。根據(jù)題意，是對將來的虛擬，因此用了wouldstay。hadstayed表示希望某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，不合題意。故D為正確選項(xiàng)。10．Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit________yesterday.A．washappening B．happensC．hashappened D．happened解析：選D。句意為：伊萊扎能把一切事情都記得很清楚，就像發(fā)生在昨天一樣。asif引導(dǎo)的從句中常用虛擬語氣表達(dá)與事實(shí)相反的情況，盡管此處有yesterday，但它并不是普通意義上的“昨天”，所以此處用一般過去時(shí)表示虛擬。寫作專題突破【寫作要求】請用英語寫一篇120～150詞的短文，簡要描述漫畫內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合生活實(shí)際，就漫畫主題發(fā)表感想，題目自擬。

參考詞匯：義務(wù)勞動voluntarylabor觀念；outlook【要點(diǎn)詞匯】1．全心全意

________________2．勞動力________________3．義務(wù)勞動________________4．奉獻(xiàn)于________________5．個(gè)人利益________________6．賺錢________________7．勞動觀念________________8．生產(chǎn)________________答案：1.heartandsoul

2.laborforce

3.voluntarylabor

4.bedevotedto

5.personalinterests

6.earnmoney

7.laborviewpoint

8.produce【句式結(jié)構(gòu)】1．這幅漫畫很容易理解。Thecartoonis______________________.答案：veryeasytounderstand2．從圖畫中，我們可以看到……Wecansee__________________that...答案：inthepicture3．在當(dāng)前形勢下，很難找到工作。Itisdifficulttofindwork

______________________.答案：inthepresentsituation4．每種工作都有其自身的價(jià)值。Everykindofjob____________________.答案：hasitsownvalue【連句成篇】__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【佳作欣賞】NewOutlook?Wecanseeinthepicturethatonepersonisaskingtheothertodosomevoluntarylabor，buttheotherfeelsitveryfunny，saying，“Aren’tyoukiddingme?Timeshavechangedanddoingvoluntarylaborisalreadyoutofdate.”Itistruethatwiththedevelopmentofeconomy，manypeoplehavebecomerich.However，withtheirwalletsfull，somepeoplehavechangedtheiroutlookonvalue，layingtoomuchemphasisonnothingbutmoneyandpersonalinterests.Atonetime，servingthepeopleheartandsoulwasglorious，butnowitisbeingconstantlylaughedat.Inmyopinion，spiritualcivilizationisasimportantasmaterialcivilization.Nowadays，thegovernmentadvocatessettingupaharmonioussociety.Therefore，peopleshouldreplytothecallwithaction.Ifeveryonedoesalittlebitforothersandthesociety，ourworldwillbeamuchbetterone.【類文點(diǎn)津】這種作文主要是給出某一種簡單的情景或漫畫，然后要求大家根據(jù)提供的情景或漫畫，進(jìn)行思維和聯(lián)想，寫一段合理的接續(xù)文字或?qū)懸黄恼掳l(fā)表一下自己的看法。高考英語的書面表達(dá)所選題材內(nèi)容都非常貼近實(shí)際，與中學(xué)生生活密切相關(guān)，趨向社會熱點(diǎn)、焦點(diǎn)問題，讓我們有話可說。使我們言之有物。寫這類文章需要注意下列事項(xiàng)：1．所寫的短文必須能夠切中題意，文理通順，語言準(zhǔn)確、得當(dāng)，根據(jù)題目要求，選用正確的時(shí)態(tài)和人稱，力求體現(xiàn)“寫事表達(dá)和傳遞信息的交際能力”。2．必須先理解圖畫或所給情景的含義，明確主題，然后根據(jù)主題搭建寫作提綱，組句成文。3．不要單純地描寫或記敘，而要發(fā)表自己對一個(gè)問題或主題的看法和評論。4．所寫內(nèi)容要新穎、健康、樂觀向上，符合邏輯、合情合理，不可以根據(jù)自己的隨意想象亂寫。詞語串串練InSeptember,1939，Germany①invadedand②occupiedPoland，whichmarkedthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar.TheWar③lastedforabout7years.Later，manycountries，includingBritain，④declared

war

onGermany.Numerous⑤privatessacrificed.⑥D(zhuǎn)espitethis，the⑦survivorsstillthinktheir⑧sacrificeandefforts⑨worthwhile.Themostimportantand⑩memorablebattleofthewarwas?OperationOverlord.ThesituationatOmaha?BeachwhereAmerican?troopslandedwassobadthatits?commandereventhoughtabout?abandoningtheoperation.?To

ourgreat?astonishment，?eventually，thesoldiers?made

a

breakthroughwithgreat?courageandtheD-Daylandingwassuccessful.Duringthelanding，somesoldiersdrownedinthedeepwater，otherswoundedbythebulletsorshells.Fortunately，somesoldierswerepickedup.Whensomeoldsoldiersthinkofthescenenow，theystillfeelshockedandfrightened.On6June,2004，survivorswithdifferentnational