雅思閱讀第五講-判斷題和多選題

IELTSREADINGTRUE/YES,FALSE/NO,NOTGIVEN判斷題MULTIPLECHOICES多選題判斷題介紹題目為數(shù)個(gè)陳述句。需要你根據(jù)原文判斷每個(gè)句子是對(duì)(TRUE/YES)、錯(cuò)(FALSE/NO)，還是未提及(NOTGIVEN)。重點(diǎn)題型，每次必考。難度較大，尤其容易將F/N和NG混淆邏輯判斷YESNONGNG原文：Thewateriscold.

題目1：Thewaterischilly.題目2：Thewaterishot.

題目3：Thewaterisdirty.重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)區(qū)分false和notgivenFALSE和NOTGIVEN的差別。Ifyouwrite”False“asyouranswer,youaresayingthattheinformationexpressedinthequestionistheoppositeofthatpresentedintext.Thisisquitedifferentfroma”NotGiven“answer,whichsaysthatyoucanfindnothinginthetextabouttheinformation.解題步驟在題目中劃出關(guān)鍵詞。據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞找到原文中對(duì)應(yīng)的位置?？赡苁且痪湓捯部赡苁菐拙湓捙c原文觀點(diǎn)一致TRUE/YES，對(duì)立或者相反FALSE/NO原文沒(méi)有提及則NOTGIVEN如何劃好判斷題的關(guān)鍵詞？從以下的句子中劃出一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞：Networkingisnotamodernidea.Peoplefallintotwobasiccategories.Allteachersarecynics.ThefirstpieceofHesse’sarthaslittleeffectonvisitorstothegallery.TheNewForesthasalreadybeenmadeintoaNationalPark.如何劃好判斷題的關(guān)鍵詞？表示關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容的定位詞，同其他題型特殊關(guān)鍵詞：否定詞或表示否定意義的詞（支持、肯定還是反對(duì)、否定）Not,few,little,barely,具體的數(shù)字Two,million…限定范圍的詞（全體、部分）All,almost,only,except,apartof…時(shí)間指示詞(指示時(shí)間的詞，過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或者未來(lái))。Already,once,will,inthepast/future…情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(表示不同程度的義務(wù)和確定性)must,should,haveto頻率副詞sometimes,always，seldom,onceinawhile…TRUE/YES題目與原文的一句話基本相同或者是重述題目的含義隱含在是原文多句話中（較難），需要?dú)w納或者概括補(bǔ)充的一點(diǎn)是，所謂選TRUE，并不意味著題目和原文百分之百的相等，只要兩者的表述是在同一個(gè)方向上的便可，例如“same”和“similar”這兩個(gè)表述就可以等同為是一致的。例題概括【題目】Theresearchfindingsreportcommercialratherthanpoliticaltrends.【原文】ResearchinBritainhasshownthat“greenconsumers”continuetoflourishasasignificantgroupamongstshoppers.Thissuggeststhatpoliticianswhoclaimenvironmentalismisyesterday’sissuemaybeseriouslymisjudgingthepublicmood例題歸納【題目】Aresponsedelayof1~2minutesmayhavesubstantialinfluenceonwhetherornotasuspectedcriminaliscaught.【原文】Ithasbeendemonstratedthatrapidresponseleadstoagreaterlikelihoodofanarrestonlyifresponsesareintheorderof1~2minutesafteracallisreceivedbythepolice.Whenresponsetimesincreasesto3~4minutes–stillquitearapidresponse–thelikelihoodofanarrestissubstantiallyreduced.FALSE/NO題目與原文內(nèi)容相反、矛盾題目絕對(duì)化和排他性，原文有多種可能除了明顯相反的情況（較少），還有如下比較隱晦的錯(cuò)誤方式：題目在數(shù)量、頻率、可能性上夸大和絕對(duì)化如：some-all;sometimes-always;原文是理論或者感覺(jué)（即，可對(duì)可錯(cuò)），題目中將其描述為一種“事實(shí)”，也是一種錯(cuò)誤如：feel/consider-prove,theory–fact例題需要稍作推斷【題目】Graphologyisagoodpredictoroffuturejobperformance.【原文】Researchintothevalidityofselectionmethodshasconsistentlydemonstratedthattheunstructuredinterviewisapoorpredictoroffuturejobperformanceandfareslittlebetterthanmorecontroversialmethodslikegraphologyandastrology.例題頻率夸大【題目】Frogsandtoadsareusuallypoisonous.【原文】Eveninwetareasonceteemingwithfrogsandtoads,itisinglessandlesseasytofindthoseslimy,hoppingandsometimespoisonousmembersoftheanimalkingdom.例題可能性夸大【題目】Menareinvariablypreferredtowomenwhenitcomestopromotion.【原文】Womenalsohavelessjobsecurityandfeweropportunitiesforpromotion.Higherstatusjobs,eveninindustrieswhichemploymostlywomen,tendtobefilledbymen.例題絕對(duì)化【題目】TheEntertainmentCenterisonlyforinternationalpopularmusicartistswhoattractlargeaudiences.【原文】Therearenumerousclubswhichappealtopeopleofallages,andcaterforalltastes.Pubsarethevenueforsmallermodernbands,whilethebig-namepopularmusicartists,bothlocalandinternational,attractcapacityaudiencesatthehugeEntertainmentCenterintheheartofthecity.例題理論事實(shí)化【題目】Itisafactthatfrogs’breedingcyclesareupsetbyworldwideincreasesintemperature.【原文】Anothertheoryisthatworldwidetemperatureincreasesareupsettingthebreedingcyclesoffrogs.NOTGIVEN題目中的事情原文中沒(méi)提從原文內(nèi)容無(wú)法推理出題目的結(jié)論原文說(shuō)的是目標(biāo)、目的、想法、保證、誓言等未發(fā)生的事，在題目中已經(jīng)發(fā)生常用字眼：aim,purpose;promise;swear;prediction;assumption原文和題干一個(gè)說(shuō)比例、一個(gè)說(shuō)數(shù)量，互不相干例題不可推理【題目】SydneyHarboristhelargestintheworld.【原文】The57-square-killometerSydneyHarborisoneofthelargestintheworld,andfamousfortheunmistakable134-meterhigharchoftheHarborBridgeandthegracefulsailsoftheOperaHouse.例題未發(fā)生【題目】OnlyamateurathletesareallowedtocompeteinthemodernOlympics.【原文】Hisaimwastobringtogether,onceeveryfouryears,athletesfromallcountriesonthefriendlyfieldsofamateursport.例題比例和數(shù)量無(wú)關(guān)【題目】Themajorityofteachersgetsatisfactionfromtheirwork.【原文】Manyteachersfindtheirjobsveryrewarding.特殊技巧題干中出現(xiàn)“絕對(duì)詞”時(shí)，多為FALSE/NO題干出現(xiàn)比較級(jí)比較對(duì)象相同、比較方向也相同，選T/Y比較對(duì)象相同、比較方向相反，選F/N比較對(duì)象不同，NOTGIVEN原文無(wú)比較，選NOTGIVENI題目中有比較結(jié)構(gòu)，文章中無(wú)比較結(jié)構(gòu)則答案判斷為NotGiven。

題目:Infuture,peoplewillpaylessfortheleisurefacilitiestheyusethantheydotoday.原文:Andthefuture?Itisanticipatedthat,intheyearstocome,leisurespendingwillaccountforbetweenathirdtoahalfofallhouseholdspending,whilstitisdifficulttogiveexactfigures,theleisureindustrywillcertainlyexperiencealongperiodofsustainedgrowth.Ⅱ.比較對(duì)象不同題目:Snortedsubstancesreachthebrainfasterthaninjectedsubstances.原文:Scientistshavefoundthatasmokedsubstancereachesthebrainmorequicklythanoneswallowed,snorted(suchascocainepowder)oreveninjected.NOTGIVEN和False辨析本質(zhì)是一個(gè)相關(guān)還是不相關(guān)的問(wèn)題方法：題目和原文兩個(gè)句子單獨(dú)列出來(lái)，考慮一下這兩句話在邏輯上是否有同時(shí)成立的可能性。如果沒(méi)有就選False，而有的話，就選NotGiven.劍IV/G類TestB/2題目：OnReceiptofyourdeposit,WessexCottageswillconfirmyourbookingbytelephone.原文：Whenwereceiveyourbookingformanddeposit,yourreservationwillbeconfirmed—wewillsendyouaBookingConfirmation,togetherwithadviceonhowtoreachyourholidaycottageandthetelephonenumberofalocalcontactincaseyourequirefurtherdetailsonthecottagebeforeleavinghome.劍IV/Test2/12題目：NationalGovernmentscoulddomoretoprotectendangeredlanguages.原文：Quiteoften,governmentstrytokilloffaminoritylanguage.測(cè)試題NGYYYNN7.RadiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyhasbeeninstalledexperimentallyinbigsupermarketslikeWal-Mart.7.RadiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyhasbeeninstalledexperimentallyinbigsupermarketslikeWal-Mart.

Answer:NO8.Peopletendtodownloadmoreunknownsongsthansongstheyarefamiliarwith.Answer:NOTGIVEN9.Songsrankedhighbythenumberoftimesbeingdownloadedarefavoredbycustomers.Answer:YES10.Peoplefollowtheotherstothesameextentwhetheritisconvenientornot.Answer:NO11.ItemssoldinsomeJapanesestoresaresimplychosenaccordingtothesalesdataofothershops.Answer:YES12.Swarmintelligencecanalsobeobservedineverydaylife.Answer:YES選擇題介紹必考題，但出題數(shù)目少。選擇題分為四選一和多選多多兩種。四選一，選項(xiàng)肯定是四個(gè)。即要求從a、b、c、d四項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。每次必考，考一組，共3題左右。多選多，選項(xiàng)肯定是五個(gè)或五個(gè)以上，而正確答案的數(shù)目肯定在兩個(gè)以上。正確答案的數(shù)目是已知的。在題目的要求中會(huì)告訴你要選出幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)。題目要求中常whichfour，whichthree等字樣。不是每次必考。解題步驟劃出關(guān)鍵詞劃好2道回原文定位定位后，快速閱讀該段落，根據(jù)題干中的其他關(guān)鍵詞及選項(xiàng)確定正確答案。正確選項(xiàng)常常是原文相關(guān)詞句的改寫(xiě)。實(shí)在選不出，記得使用排除法注意題目