☆初中英語仁愛版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

八年級(jí)（上冊(cè)）Unit1PlaySports【考點(diǎn)解析】Topic1Areyougoingtoplaybasketball?SectionAWearegoingtohaveabasketballgameagainstClassTliiee.against表示“對(duì)著：反對(duì)；靠著e.g.Weareallagainstliim.【例1】(10年通化中考)Mr.Blackisstronglykeepinganimalsinthezoo,becausehetliinksanimalsshouldalsohavetherighttoeiijoyfreedom<A.upB.forC.againstD?downcheersb.on為,”，加油，鼓勁[例2]一OurclasswillhaveabasketballmatchwithClassTwotomorrow.-Tliatsoundsexciting.I'11goandA?cheeronyouB?cheeryouonC?cheerupyouD?cheeryouupwin和beat都可表示“贏”，但用法不同。win(won,won)一般后接比賽，獎(jiǎng)品或獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)作賓語，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“贏”的結(jié)果。beat(beat,beaten)擊敗、戰(zhàn)勝，一般接對(duì)手作賓語，還可譯為“心臟跳動(dòng)”或“擊打"。 agame ateamwin+awar beat+anationaprize anapponent(對(duì)手)e.g.hithe29thOlympicGames,Phelpsbeattheothersiiinunersandwon8goldmedalsliimself.在第29屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，菲爾普斯戰(zhàn)勝其他游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員，一人獨(dú)獲8金。【例3】(10年福州中考)Myfavouritefootballteamwas(beat)intheCupFinal.[例4]一Ourteamthematch.We'vegotthefirstplace!—Welldone!Congratulations!A.hitB.beatC.wonD.watched【考點(diǎn)鏈接】beat/win(l)Tlieythebasketballmatchyesterday.(2)Byhardworkshethefirstplaceinthemathexam.(3)Hecanalwaysmeatchess.(4)It'sdifficulttoClass3.Tlieyhaveseveralgoodplayers.【分析比較】這兩個(gè)詞中都有“贏”的意思。但beat的賓語是對(duì)手，即表示人的名詞或代詞，也可指打破紀(jì)錄。win的賓語是表示比賽、獎(jiǎng)品、勝利或榮譽(yù)等的名詞或代詞。Q)的賓語是“比賽”，應(yīng)填won。(2)的賓語是“名次”，應(yīng)填won。(3)和(4)的賓語為“代詞和表示人的名詞”，故填beatoprefer寧愿，更喜歡(l)preferdoingsth.todoingsth.跟做某事比較起來更喜歡做某事prefersb./sth.tosb./sth.跟某人/某物比較起來更喜歡人/某物(2)prefertodosth.(rather)thandosth.跟做某事比較起來更喜歡做某事(3)prefertodosth.更喜歡做某事【例5】(10年安徽中考)一DoyouoftenwatchManandNahireonTV?一Sometimes.It'saninterestingprogiam,butISportsNews.1A.preferB.wantC.eiijoyD.missjoin/takepartin(l)join參加某個(gè)政黨，團(tuán)體，組織等，成為其中的一員(2)joinsb.(indoingsth.)和某人一起(做某事)(3)joinin=takepart,in參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)[例6](09年包頭中考)Theweinsarewalkingthebook€€whomovedmycheese”,it'sfimtothem.A.joinB.joininC.takepartinD.enteralittle/abitQ)作狀語，修飾比較級(jí)e.g.Heisabit/alittleolderthanyou.(2)作主語或賓語e.g.Pleasegivemeabit/alittle.(3)與not連用時(shí)notabit=notatallnotalittle=verymuche.g.Heisnotalittletired.他非常累。Heisnotabittired.他一點(diǎn)也不累。(4)作定語修飾不可數(shù)名詞alittle(of)』bitof(5)qiiiteabitof后只能接不可數(shù)名詞°quitealotof可接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。quiteafew后只能接可數(shù)名詞。[例7](09年上海中考)111641】ericanshidentcouldspeakonlyChinese,buthemanagedtocommunicatewithus.A.fewB.alittleC.afewD.littleSectionBplayforateam為某隊(duì)效力bein/ontheteam在某隊(duì)打球【例8】Tomlikesbasketballveiymuch.HewantstoplaytheNBAwhenheglowsup.A.withB.forC.ofD.todream作名詞，“夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想”。e.g.mydreamjob也可作動(dòng)詞dreamof/aboutsth./doingsth.[例J9]LastniglitIdreamtaloneinthemountainsoA.ofnmB.ofnimiing C.tonmD.ran“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”意思是“最””之一”。e.g.Heisoneofthebestbasketballplayers.Hikeliimveiymuch.但它作主語時(shí)，謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)。Oneofthetallestboysintheteamisfiomourclass.【例10】(10年莆田中考)HieGreatWallofChinaisoneofwondersintheworld.A.greatB.BgreaterC.thegieatestbreaktherecord打破記錄inthe2008BeijingOlympics在2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)中?！霸?，”比賽中“用herace/inthebasketballgamegiveup放棄。注意應(yīng)該把介詞放在中間。e.g.giveitup,giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事?！纠?1】(10年莆田中考)Smokingishannfiiltopeopledhealth,youshouldit(放棄).WliataShame=Wliatapity真遺憾！【例12](10年龍巖中考)一Imissedthewondei-fiilbasketballMatch.A.NoproblemB.WliatapityC.NotatallSectionC2spend/cost/pay/take(l)spend作“花費(fèi)”之意時(shí)，指花費(fèi)時(shí)間/精力/財(cái)力在某事或某物上，主語是人。(2)cost主要指花費(fèi)金錢/時(shí)間/勞力/精力等。主語是某物或某事。其結(jié)構(gòu)是sth.costssb,,?(3)paysb,酬謝某人，pay,,for,,可等同于spend,on”，或用cost作同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.Hepaid20yuanforthedictionaiy.=Hespent20yuanonthedictionary.=Thedictionarycostliim20yuan,payforsth.為,,,＜寸款e.g.Hehaspaidforthecoat.(4)take一般指花費(fèi)時(shí)間，其主語是名詞或動(dòng)名詞，經(jīng)常用it作形式主語?！纠?3】It'stakeusaboutaweekthemacliine.A.tomendB.mendC.mendedD.mending【考點(diǎn)鏈接】spend/take/cost/pay(l)Tliegirltliiityyuanonthescarfyesterday.(2)Howmuchdidthatsliirtyou?Ifivedollarsforthebookjustnow.(4)Itmetwohourstofinishmyhomeworkeveiynight.(5)1UIforthetickets.(6)Tliey halfadayvisitingtheGieatWall.【分析記而一福都有花費(fèi)的意思。spend后接金錢或時(shí)間，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為sb.spendsmoney/timeonsth.或sb.spendsmoney/time(in)doingsth.。Q)題意為“昨天這個(gè)女孩花三十元錢買了條圍巾"，故填spent。(6)題意為“他們用了半天參觀長城”，故填spentocost花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間等，主語必須是物或用it作形式主語。(2)題意為“這件襯衫花了你多少錢"，故填cost。pay常與for連用，主語為人。payforsth./paymoneyforsth.(3)題意為“剛才我花了5美元買這本書”，故填paid。(5)題意為“我會(huì)付這些票的餞"，故填pay。take多指花費(fèi)時(shí)間,常用句型Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.(4)題意為“每晚我要花兩個(gè)小時(shí)來完成作業(yè)”，故填takes。doexercise=playsports做運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉Tlierebe句型的將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為Tliereis/aregoingtobe或Tlierewillbec注意在Therebe句型中不能出現(xiàn)表示“有"的have和has。14]—Tliereafiiimyfilmtoiiiglitinourschool.Wouldyouliketoseewithme?一rdliketo,butIhavetodomyhomework.A.isB.haveC.isgoingtohaveD.isgoingtobe.theliiglijump跳高thelongjump跳遠(yuǎn)sure(l)besurethat+從句e.g.Iamsurethatheisriglit.(2)sb.besuretodosth.某人一定會(huì)做某事。強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的語氣。e.g.Ilieyaresuretocomeearly.=1amsurethattheywillcomeearly.(3)besureof/aboutsth./doingsth.“確信”,表示主語對(duì),”，有把握?e.g.Iamsureofsuccess.=1amsureIwillsucceed.(4)用在祈使句里Besiire(not)todosth.一定(不)做某事e.g.Besuretocomehereearly-【例15](10年福州中考)一I'mnotsinetherearelivingtilingsonotherplanetsornot.-Evenscientistsaren'tsureaboutit.A.whetherB.whereC.why3make的用法。(l)makesb.dosth.使某人做某事。被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要還原to。(2)4tmakesb./sth.+形容詞”使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)。e.g.Hierainydaysmakemesad.(3)makesth.forsb,—makesb.sth.為某人制作,,,，【例16]Hiswordsmadeus(feel)uncomfortable.begoodfor“對(duì)””有益"，反義詞組是bebadfor"對(duì),，”有害”。keephealthy=keepfit保持健康[例17](保持健康)isveiyimportantforUSbecausehealthiseveiything.SectionDplayagainst跟,”，進(jìn)行比賽e.g.Wouldyouliketoplayagainstus?【考點(diǎn)鏈接】playwith/playagiiinst/playfor(l)OurteamwillClassThreenextSaturday.(2)Agioupofkidswereaballinthestreet.(3)DoesYaoMingtheHoustonRocketsintheNBA?【分析比較】playwith玩耍,游戲，玩樂，與,”，玩耍。(2)題意為“孩子們?cè)谕媲颉保侍頿layingwith。playagainst同””比賽。(1)題意為“兩個(gè)隊(duì)比賽”,故填playagainst。playfor為”,，效力。(3)題意為“姚明在NBA為休斯敦火箭隊(duì)打球嗎?”，故填playfoioleave,,for”離開某地去某地leavefor=setofffor出發(fā)去某地.【例18](10年龍巖中考)—I'mleavingforShangliaitovisittheExpo2010tliisweekend.A.WelldoneB.Ihopeso C.Haveagoodtiipe一般將來時(shí)Q)含義：表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或是存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：tomorrow,soon,lateron,nexttime(week,month,year,Sunday”)等。(2)結(jié)構(gòu)為begoingtodosth.或willdosth.cTherebe句型的將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為Tliereis/aregoingtobe或Tlierewillbe。注意在Tlierebe句型中不能出現(xiàn)表示“有”的have/haso（3）表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞go,come,leave,fly,start等可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的事。其中g(shù)o和come一定要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來?！纠?91（10年河北中考）Thistennover.Tliesummervacationiscomingintwoweeks.A.isB.wasC?hasbeenD.willbe【例201（10年重慶中考）Ifyoutothe2010ShangliaiExponextweek,Iwillgowithyou.A.goB.hasgoneC.willgoD.aregoing【習(xí)題精練】I.詞匯A.根據(jù)句意和漢語提示填寫單詞。wouldyouliketo（參力口）theschoolEnglishclub?Yaoniingwillplayforournational（I隊(duì)）.Alotofpeoplelikethesongveiymuch.It'svery（流行）..Youcan（放松）yourselfwhenyoulistentomusicafteraday'swork.Kate'sfatheris（出發(fā)）forBeijingthedayaftertomorrow.B.根據(jù)漢語提示及句子意思補(bǔ)全句子。4WliatdoesJoanwanttobewhenshe（長大）.Ourclasswill（與,,,,比賽）theClassFourfootballteam.Doyouknowwhatthebestwayto（保持健康）is?.Pleasecomeandus（為”加油）.Tlieyalltookpartinthe2002（世界杯）.n.單項(xiàng)選擇（10年武漢中考）Itwasadifficulttime，butweneverhope.A?putupB?gaveupC.piekedup D.usedup（10年寧德中考）llienicetoyismuchtooexpensive,Ican'tit.A.spendB.payC.afford（10年龍巖中考）一Howmuchdidyoupayforthenewcar?一Itmemorethan300，000yuan.A.costB.spentC.made（10年蘭州中考）Dannydidallkindsoftilingstomakethebaby.A.tostopciyingB?stopcryingC.tostoptociyD?stoptocry（10年南京中考）一IhearSamhasgonetoQingdaoforliisholiday.一Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenhe?A.leftB?leftforC.wasleavingD.wasleavingfor（10年江西中考）一Hello,Sandy.TliisisJack.Wliatareyoudoing?一I'mwatchingamatch.Itstartedat7p.m.andonforanotherhalfanhour.A?hasbeenB?wasC.hadbeenD?willbe（09年廈門中考）一Yeah,ourteamthematch.—Welldone!Congratulations?

A.beatB.failedC.won（09年揚(yáng)州中考）—whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Ipreferathomeonsucharainyday.A. watchTV；togoout B.watchTV；gooutC? watcliingTV；togoing out D?towatchTV；goingout.（09年福州中考）Paper—makingisofancientCliina.A? oneofgieatestinventor B.oneofthegieatestinventorsC? oneofgieatestinvention D.oneofthegieatestinventions（09年泉州中考）一Isthemaninblackpantsyourteacher?一Yes,heusbiologysincelastyear.A?willteachB?hastauglitC?isteaching（09年漳州中考）—PmsoiryIcan'tfindthelibrarybook.一I'mafraidyouhavetoit.A?sendforB.callfor C.payforD?waitfor（08年龍巖中考）一ImissedtheSameSongyesterday._?Iknowthatyouliketheprogiambest.A?IamafraidnotB.WliatapityC.Ithinkso（08年龍巖中考）Ratheithanonacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstoschool.A.toride：walkB.riding；walkC.ride：towalk（08年廈門中考）一Wouldyoulikesomemilkinyourtea?一Yes,please.Butjust?5A.littleB.alittleC.afew（07年云南中考）IlietwinsaretalkingaboutthebookWlioMovedMyCheese.Ifsfiinto?A?join B.joininC.takepartin D.enterQ0年泉州中考）完形填空Hieholidayseasonisawonderfilltimetostaywiththefamilyandtoeiijoydeliciousfoodyouall.Butalongwithmanyjoysoftheholiday,thereisalsostress.Doingexercisesisanexcellentsuchstress.Traveling,shoppingandmanyother.willpreventyoufromgettingweiglit.?Walkforawliileeveiyday.Takethestairsinsteadof6thelift.?Maketimefor7?Evenaquickbreakfast,likefinitsforjuice,whole-grainceieal（谷類食品），andmilk,canpreventhunger8theday.?Drinkatleasteiglitglassesofwatereveryday.waterpreventhungerandtiredness-Youcanchoosegooddrinkslikewater,juiceandtea.?Eatatleastfivekindsoffinitsandvegetableseveiydaybetweenbreakfastandlunch,pickfruitsandvegetables,theyaregoodsnacks.Wishallofyouaveryhealthyandhappyholidayseason!1.A.well B.betterC.bestA.littleA.figlitA.littleA.figlitB.tofiglit C.figliting4.A.workB.studyc.health5.A.thatB.whatc.who6.A.waitingforB.lookingatc.checkingover7-A.supperB?lunchc.breakfast8.A.afterB.duringc.before9.A.enougliB.hotc.clean10.A.ButB.Ifc.Because【考點(diǎn)解析】Topic2Wouldyoumindpassingmesomewater?SectionAwould/could/willyou(please)dosth."請(qǐng)你做””好嗎?”表示委婉請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做某事，否定結(jié)構(gòu)是would/could/willyou(please)notdosth.oe.g.Wouldyoupleasenotplaythepianoloudly?【例1】(10年陜西中考)Hi,Jack.Wouldyoupleasethepictureonthewall?A?toputupB.putupC-setup D.tosetupfallill“生病”,beill"生病的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)一種狀態(tài)。feelill“感覺不舒服”,強(qiáng)調(diào)一種身體感受。falldown摔倒,跌倒?！究键c(diǎn)鏈接】sick/ill(l)Tliechildneedshelp.(2)Hisgrandmaisstillinbed.【分析比較】sick“生病的，有病的”。主要用于美式英語，可以用作定語，也可以用作表語。故Q)和(2)兩題都可以填sick。ill與Sick同義，ill主要用于英式英語，且通常不作定語，只用作表語。故(1)不能填ill,6只有(2)可填山。mind的用法Q)作動(dòng)詞，表示“介意”，常用于疑問句或否定句中。其結(jié)構(gòu)是mindsb./sth./doingsth.oe.g.Idon'tniindalittlemorehomework.Wouldyoumindme/mysmokinghere?=WouldyoumindifIsmokehere?對(duì)wouldyoumindsb./sb.'sdoingsth.及0cwouldyouniindi計(jì)從句”的回答，如果是表達(dá)“會(huì)介意"，可用Yes,you'dbetternot./IamsorrybutIdo.如果表達(dá)“不會(huì)介意”，可用No,notatalL/Neverniind./Itdoesn'tmatter./No,ofcoursenot.(2)用于提出建議cWouldyouniinddoingsth./wouldyoumindnotdoingsth?對(duì)Wouldyouminddoingsth.的回答可以用Ofcoursenot,Iwilldoitriglitaway./Sony.Iwilldoitriglitaway.對(duì)wouldyoumindnotdoingsth?的回答可以用Sony,Iwon'tdoitagain./I'msorryaboutthat.(3)作動(dòng)詞，“注意，當(dāng)心”。e.g.Mindthewetpaint.(4)作名詞，“思想"osetonemindtodosth./onsth.專注于做某事[例2](10年寧德中考)Mygrandparentsaresleepinginthebechoom.WouldyoumindmyTV?一Certainlynot.Wecangooutforawalk.A.turningonB.turningoffC?turningup【例31（10年安徽中考）一Ihopeyoudon比niindmyopeningthewindow.一.It'smuchtoohotinhere.A?CertainlyB.OfcoursenotC.AllriglitD.Nevermindbeglad/happytodosth.樂意做某事【例4】Itliiiikeveiyoneisgladmorefriends.Youknow,morefriends,moreroads.A.makemakingC.tomakeD.makespracticesth./doingsth.練習(xí)做某事［例5］（09年上海中考）Susanfinallybecameapopularsingeraftershepracticedforyears.A.singB?tosingC.singingD.sangSectionBbealwaysdoingsth.老是””,含有抱怨的感情色彩。e.g.LiuMingisalwaysfiglitingwithhisfriends.［例6］—Tom,don'tbealwaysforschool.一Iamveiysorry.Iwon't.A.belateB.lateC.beinglateD.latingcareless形容詞,反義詞是carefillocarelessly副詞，反義詞是carefully.［例7］（09年上海中考）Becarefill!There'ssomebrokenglassontheground.Hieunderlinedpartmeans?A.LookoutB.GoaheadC.GetreadyD.Keepquietchance機(jī)會(huì)haveachancetodosth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事getachancetodosth.得到一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)做某事［例8］（08年濰坊中考）1amsureIcanmakeitbetter,ifourteachermeasecondchance-A.giveB.gaveC.givesD.willgiveWliatdoyoumeanbysth./doingsth.?=Wliafsthemeaningofsth./doingsth.?［例9］Wliatdoyoumeanbytheword?（同意句轉(zhuǎn)換）7一Wliafstheword?shoutatsb.朝某人喊叫,含有生氣或氣憤的感情。shouttosb.朝某人喊叫，只是為了使對(duì)方聽到，沒有感情色彩?！纠?0】Youmustn'tshouttheoldpeople.It'snotpolite.A.toB.withC.ofD.at【考點(diǎn)鏈接1shoutat/shoutto(l)Tliecliildienthedriver,buthedidnothearthem.(2)Ifyoudon'tstop me,rilcomeandliityou.【分析比較】at和to與同一動(dòng)詞搭配時(shí)，意義看很大的區(qū)別。shouttosb.表示“大聲叫某人”，多因距離遠(yuǎn)，聲音小聽不見。Q)題意為“孩子們對(duì)著司機(jī)喊叫著，但是他沒聽見。”故填shoutedto。shoutatsb.則表示“生氣地或故意地對(duì)某人大喊大叫?！?2)題意為“你要是不停止沖著我叫嚷，我就過去揍你?！惫侍顂houtingatofiglitwithsb.=haveafiglitwithsb.與某人打架beangiywithsb.意為“生某人的氣”，如：Hewasangrywithliimselfforhavingmadesuchfoolishmistakes.他因犯如此愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤而感到氣惱?！炬溄印竣舃eangryat對(duì)某人的言行感到氣憤，如：Hewasangryatthestudent.他因?yàn)檫@個(gè)學(xué)生的言行而生氣。beangryaboutsth.對(duì)某事感到生氣，如：Hewasangiyaboutsomuchtrafficinthestreet.他對(duì)街上交通擁擠感到氣惱?！纠?11(09年衡陽中考)一Aieyouwithyoursister?一Yes,sheisalwayslateforschool.A.satisfiedB.angryC.strictdoone,sbesttodosth.=tiytodosth.盡力做某事saysony/hello/goodbyetosb.向某人道歉/問候，/道別【例12](10年桂林中考)Howisyourfather?Pleasesayhellotoforme.A.sheB.liimC.itD.herbe/feelsorryfor/todo為””而抱歉(難過)keep的用法(l)keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事e.g.Iamsonytokeepyouwaitingsolong.(2)ukeepsb./sth.+賓補(bǔ)+ac|j.”使某人/某物處于某種狀態(tài)e.g.Hieotherstudentsmustkeeptheireyesclosed.(3)“keepsb./sth.+賓補(bǔ)+adv.”使某人/某物處于某種狀態(tài)e.g.You'dbetterkeepthechilchenawayfromthefire.(4)keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)不斷做某事e.g.Tlielittlebabykeptciyingallthetime.keepondoingsth.反復(fù)不斷地做某事，著重指動(dòng)作的反復(fù)進(jìn)行。e.g.Don'tgiveuphope.Keepontrying-(5)“keep+表語”，表示保持/繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))e.g.keepfit/healthy(6)贍養(yǎng)e.g.Myfatherkeepsabigfamily.(7)保存,保留e.g.HowlongcanIkeepthebook?【例13]Weshouldalwaysourclassroom.A.mix；upB.keep；cleanC.make；fitD.keep；healthytiinidown調(diào)低音量turnup調(diào)高音量himon打開himo任關(guān)上注意代詞都要放在中間。8【例14】(10年重慶中考)PleasetheTV.Motherisworking.A.turnojffB.turnonC.putoffD.puton【考點(diǎn)鏈接1 turnon/turnoff/turnup/turndown(l)Remembertotheliglitsbeforeleavingtheroom.(2)Pleasetheliglitforme,it'sgettingdark.(3)1feelalittlecoldandI'dliketotheheat(暖氣)alittle.(4)Pleasetheradioalittle,I'mtiyingtosleep.【分析比較】turnon"打開(水龍頭、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等)九(2)題意為“請(qǐng)幫我把燈打開，天黑了