運動心理學家奧運心理干預研究結(jié)論與參考文獻,體育心理學論文

運動心理學家奧運心理干預研究結(jié)論與以下為參考文獻,體育心理學論文本篇論文目錄導航：【題目】【緒論】【2.12.2】【2.3-2.7】【第三章】【4.14.2】【4.64.7】【第五章】【結(jié)論/以下為參考文獻】運動心理學家奧運心理干涉研究結(jié)論與以下為參考文獻第六章結(jié)論本研究以備戰(zhàn)2004年雅典奧運會聘請的心理專家組成員作為研究對象，運用質(zhì)性研究的理論與方式方法，詳細應用文獻資料法、理論研究法、訪談法等，討論這些運動心理學家在針對重大國際賽事的國家隊進行的心理學服務情況，包括他們心理干涉的內(nèi)容、心理干涉經(jīng)過、基本的工作形式與狀態(tài)、應該具備的職業(yè)素質(zhì)和倫理修養(yǎng)以及他們各自在開展工作的經(jīng)過當中所遭到的社會支持等，得出結(jié)論如下：1.運動心理學專家心理學服務工作中主要碰到的心理問題有：認知與技能學習、應激管理、運動技、戰(zhàn)術(shù)訓練、動機問題、注意力、人際關(guān)系、團隊凝聚力、大賽中的心理應對、飲食異常、睡眠異常、運動損傷、想贏怕輸、運發(fā)動文化水平問題、迷信問題、意志品質(zhì)問題、自我意識。心理學服務中最多的心理問題是認知與技能學習〔11人報告，占總?cè)藬?shù)的100%〕和大賽中的心理應對〔11人報告，占總?cè)藬?shù)的100%〕，最少見的心理問題是飲食異?！?人報告，占總?cè)藬?shù)的9%〕。針對上述問題運用心理技能類、訓練方式方法類、輔助手段、心理治療、心理強化、組織干涉技巧〔淡化處理〕、用戶定向原則幾個方面對這些心理問題進行干涉。報告使用最多的是問題解決方式方法，全部人員均報告過使用了此方式方法，最少的是組織干涉技巧〔淡化處理〕的有2人，占總?cè)藬?shù)的18%.2.運動心理學專家服務的經(jīng)過主要分為任務定向和需求定向兩類，一般在觀察運發(fā)動訓練之后以個體咨詢或集體咨詢、個人訪談、進行心理訓練作為心理學服務的主要經(jīng)過。在服務經(jīng)過中心理學家獲得來自上級主管部門和運動隊管理層包括教練員、領隊和運發(fā)動的社會支持，工作開展比擬順利的有9人次，沒有獲得來自運動隊管理層的社會支持，工作開展不順利，無法到達預期目的的有4人次。3.運動心理學專家主要的工作形式有：咨詢形式、臨床形式、多學科體育科學形式和綜合管理咨詢形式。本研究中運動心理學專家最常用的是綜合管理咨詢形式。4.運動心理學專家以為重要的職業(yè)素質(zhì)包括：心理學理論知識的基礎、對運動項目了解、需具有創(chuàng)新精神、親和力、信任感、靈敏性、創(chuàng)造性、真誠、具有服務意識、熱情和敏銳的洞察力等人格特征。5.根據(jù)實際工作經(jīng)歷體驗，對將來運動心理學人才的培養(yǎng)上要注重〔1〕心理的專業(yè)知識〔2〕運動實踐經(jīng)歷體驗〔3〕臨床實踐〔4〕個人交往和溝通能力〔5〕體育相關(guān)領域的知識等培養(yǎng)〔6〕督導的指導下一定時數(shù)的運動隊一線實習經(jīng)歷。以下為參考文獻：[1]AilsaG.Anderson,AndrewMiles,CraigMahoney,PaulRobinson〔2002〕。Evaluatingtheeffectivenessofappliedsportpsychologypractice:makingthecaseforacasestudyapproach[J].TheSportPsychologist,2002,16,432-453.[2]AlisaG.Anderson,ZoeKnowles,DavidGilbourne〔2004〕。Reflectivepracticeforsportpsychologists:comcepts,models,practicalimplications,andthoughtsondissemination[J].TheSportPsychologist,2004,18,188-203.[3]AndrewW.Meyers〔1997〕。SportPsychologyServicetotheUnitedStatesOlympicFestival:AnExperientialAccount[M].HumanKincticsPublishers.Inc.1997,454-468.[4]ArturPoczwardowski,ClayP.Sherman,KenRavizza〔2004〕.Professionalphilosophyinthesportpsychologyservicedelivery:buildingontheoryandpractice[J].TheSportPsychologist,2004,18,445-463.[5]Biddle,S.J.H.〔1997〕。Currenttrendsinsportandexercisepsychologyresearch[J].ThePsychologist:BulletinoftheBritishPsychologicalSociety,1997,10〔2〕，63-69.[6]Biddle,S.J.H.,Markland,D.,Gilbourne,D.,Chatzisarantis,N.L.D.,Sparkes,A.C.〔2001〕。Researchmethodsinsportandexercisepsychology:Quantitativeandqualitativeissues[J].JournalofSportsSciences,2001,19,777-809.[7]Bogdan,R.,Biklen,S.K.〔1992〕。QualitativeResearchforEducation:AnIntroductiontoTheoryandMethods[M].Boston:AllynBacon,1992.[8]Bompa,T.O.〔1999〕。Periodization.TheoryandMethodologyofTraining〔4thed.〕[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1999.[9]Botterill,C.〔1990〕。SportPsychologyandprofessionalhockey[J].TheSportpsychologist,1990,4,358-368.[10]Bouthcer,S.H.,Rotella,R.J.〔1987〕。Apsychologicalskillseducationalprogramforclosedskillperformanceenhancement[J].TheSportPsychologist,1987,1,127-137.[11]Brewer,B.W,VanRaalte,J.L.,Petitpas,A.J.,Bachman,A.D.,Weinhold,R.A.〔1998〕。NewspaperportrayalsofsportpsychologyintheUnitedStates,1985-1993[J].TheSportpsychologist,1998,12,89-94.[12]Bull,S.J.〔1995〕。Reflectionsona5-yearconsultancyprogramwiththeEnglandwomenscricketteam[J].TheSportPsychologist,1995,9,148-163.[13]Burgess,R.G.〔1984〕。Inthefield:AnIntroductiontoFieldResearch.London:GeorgeAllen[M],UinwinLtd.,1984.[14]Byra,M.,GocKarp,G.〔2000〕。Datacollectiontechniquesemployedinqualitativeresearchinphysicaleducation[J].JournalofTeachinginPhysicalEducation,2000,19,246-266.[15]Conroy,D.E.,Benjamin,L.S.〔2001〕。Psychodynamicsinsportperformanceenhancementconsultation:Applicationofaninterpersonaltheory[J].TheSportPsychologist,2001,15,103-117.[16]Corey,G.〔1995〕。TheoryandPracticeofGroupCounseling〔4thed.〕[M].PacificGrove,CA:Brooks/Cole,1995.[17]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.,Trudel,P,Baria,A.,Russell,S〔1995〕。Thecoachingmodel:Agroundedassessmentofexpertgymnasticcoachesknowledge[J].JounrnalofSportandExercisePsychology,1995,17〔1〕，1-17.[18]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.H.,Baria,A.,Russell,S.J.〔1993〕。Organizingandinterpretingunstructuredqualitativedata[J].TheSportPsychologist,1993,7,127-137.[19]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.H.,Russel,S.J.〔1995〕。Theknowledgeofhigh-performancegymnasticscoaches:Methodologicalframework[J].TheSportPsychologist,1995,9,65-75.[20]Creswell,J.W.〔1998〕。QualitativeInquiryandResearchDesign:ChoosingamongFiveTraditions[M].ThousandOaks,CA:ThousandOaks,CA:SagePublicationsInc,1998.[21]Crewell,J.W〔1996〕。ResearchDesignQualitativeQuantitativeApproaches[M].ThousandOaks,CA:SagePublicationsInc.,1994.[22]D.GantWard,ScottD.Sandstedt,RichardH.Cox,NielsC.Beck〔2005〕。Athlete-CounselingCompetenciesforU.S.PsychologistsWorkingWithAthletes[J].TheSportPsychologist,2005,19〔3〕。[23]Dale,G.A.〔1996〕。Existentialphenomenology:Emphasizingtheexperienceoftheathleteinsportpsychologyresearch[J].TheSportPsychologist,1996,10,307-321.[24]DanielS.Kirschenbaum,WilliamD.Parham,ShaneM.Murphy〔1993〕。ProvisionofSportPsychologyServicesatOlympicEvents:The1991U.S.OlympicFestivalandBeyond[J].TheSportPsychologist,1993,7,441-447.[25]Danish,S.J.,Hale,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