運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)家?jiàn)W運(yùn)心理干預(yù)研究結(jié)論與參考文獻(xiàn),體育心理學(xué)論文

運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)家?jiàn)W運(yùn)心理干預(yù)研究結(jié)論與以下為參考文獻(xiàn),體育心理學(xué)論文本篇論文目錄導(dǎo)航：【題目】【緒論】【2.12.2】【2.3-2.7】【第三章】【4.14.2】【4.64.7】【第五章】【結(jié)論/以下為參考文獻(xiàn)】運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)家?jiàn)W運(yùn)心理干涉研究結(jié)論與以下為參考文獻(xiàn)第六章結(jié)論本研究以備戰(zhàn)2004年雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)聘請(qǐng)的心理專家組成員作為研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用質(zhì)性研究的理論與方式方法，詳細(xì)應(yīng)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、理論研究法、訪談法等，討論這些運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)家在針對(duì)重大國(guó)際賽事的國(guó)家隊(duì)進(jìn)行的心理學(xué)服務(wù)情況，包括他們心理干涉的內(nèi)容、心理干涉經(jīng)過(guò)、基本的工作形式與狀態(tài)、應(yīng)該具備的職業(yè)素質(zhì)和倫理修養(yǎng)以及他們各自在開(kāi)展工作的經(jīng)過(guò)當(dāng)中所遭到的社會(huì)支持等，得出結(jié)論如下：1.運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)專家心理學(xué)服務(wù)工作中主要碰到的心理問(wèn)題有：認(rèn)知與技能學(xué)習(xí)、應(yīng)激管理、運(yùn)動(dòng)技、戰(zhàn)術(shù)訓(xùn)練、動(dòng)機(jī)問(wèn)題、注意力、人際關(guān)系、團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力、大賽中的心理應(yīng)對(duì)、飲食異常、睡眠異常、運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷、想贏怕輸、運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)文化水平問(wèn)題、迷信問(wèn)題、意志品質(zhì)問(wèn)題、自我意識(shí)。心理學(xué)服務(wù)中最多的心理問(wèn)題是認(rèn)知與技能學(xué)習(xí)〔11人報(bào)告，占總?cè)藬?shù)的100%〕和大賽中的心理應(yīng)對(duì)〔11人報(bào)告，占總?cè)藬?shù)的100%〕，最少見(jiàn)的心理問(wèn)題是飲食異常〔1人報(bào)告，占總?cè)藬?shù)的9%〕。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題運(yùn)用心理技能類、訓(xùn)練方式方法類、輔助手段、心理治療、心理強(qiáng)化、組織干涉技巧〔淡化處理〕、用戶定向原則幾個(gè)方面對(duì)這些心理問(wèn)題進(jìn)行干涉。報(bào)告使用最多的是問(wèn)題解決方式方法，全部人員均報(bào)告過(guò)使用了此方式方法，最少的是組織干涉技巧〔淡化處理〕的有2人，占總?cè)藬?shù)的18%.2.運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)專家服務(wù)的經(jīng)過(guò)主要分為任務(wù)定向和需求定向兩類，一般在觀察運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練之后以個(gè)體咨詢或集體咨詢、個(gè)人訪談、進(jìn)行心理訓(xùn)練作為心理學(xué)服務(wù)的主要經(jīng)過(guò)。在服務(wù)經(jīng)過(guò)中心理學(xué)家獲得來(lái)自上級(jí)主管部門(mén)和運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)管理層包括教練員、領(lǐng)隊(duì)和運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)的社會(huì)支持，工作開(kāi)展比擬順利的有9人次，沒(méi)有獲得來(lái)自運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)管理層的社會(huì)支持，工作開(kāi)展不順利，無(wú)法到達(dá)預(yù)期目的的有4人次。3.運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)專家主要的工作形式有：咨詢形式、臨床形式、多學(xué)科體育科學(xué)形式和綜合管理咨詢形式。本研究中運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)專家最常用的是綜合管理咨詢形式。4.運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)專家以為重要的職業(yè)素質(zhì)包括：心理學(xué)理論知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)、對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目了解、需具有創(chuàng)新精神、親和力、信任感、靈敏性、創(chuàng)造性、真誠(chéng)、具有服務(wù)意識(shí)、熱情和敏銳的洞察力等人格特征。5.根據(jù)實(shí)際工作經(jīng)歷體驗(yàn)，對(duì)將來(lái)運(yùn)動(dòng)心理學(xué)人才的培養(yǎng)上要注重〔1〕心理的專業(yè)知識(shí)〔2〕運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)踐經(jīng)歷體驗(yàn)〔3〕臨床實(shí)踐〔4〕個(gè)人交往和溝通能力〔5〕體育相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)等培養(yǎng)〔6〕督導(dǎo)的指導(dǎo)下一定時(shí)數(shù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)一線實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。以下為參考文獻(xiàn)：[1]AilsaG.Anderson,AndrewMiles,CraigMahoney,PaulRobinson〔2002〕。Evaluatingtheeffectivenessofappliedsportpsychologypractice:makingthecaseforacasestudyapproach[J].TheSportPsychologist,2002,16,432-453.[2]AlisaG.Anderson,ZoeKnowles,DavidGilbourne〔2004〕。Reflectivepracticeforsportpsychologists:comcepts,models,practicalimplications,andthoughtsondissemination[J].TheSportPsychologist,2004,18,188-203.[3]AndrewW.Meyers〔1997〕。SportPsychologyServicetotheUnitedStatesOlympicFestival:AnExperientialAccount[M].HumanKincticsPublishers.Inc.1997,454-468.[4]ArturPoczwardowski,ClayP.Sherman,KenRavizza〔2004〕.Professionalphilosophyinthesportpsychologyservicedelivery:buildingontheoryandpractice[J].TheSportPsychologist,2004,18,445-463.[5]Biddle,S.J.H.〔1997〕。Currenttrendsinsportandexercisepsychologyresearch[J].ThePsychologist:BulletinoftheBritishPsychologicalSociety,1997,10〔2〕，63-69.[6]Biddle,S.J.H.,Markland,D.,Gilbourne,D.,Chatzisarantis,N.L.D.,Sparkes,A.C.〔2001〕。Researchmethodsinsportandexercisepsychology:Quantitativeandqualitativeissues[J].JournalofSportsSciences,2001,19,777-809.[7]Bogdan,R.,Biklen,S.K.〔1992〕。QualitativeResearchforEducation:AnIntroductiontoTheoryandMethods[M].Boston:AllynBacon,1992.[8]Bompa,T.O.〔1999〕。Periodization.TheoryandMethodologyofTraining〔4thed.〕[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1999.[9]Botterill,C.〔1990〕。SportPsychologyandprofessionalhockey[J].TheSportpsychologist,1990,4,358-368.[10]Bouthcer,S.H.,Rotella,R.J.〔1987〕。Apsychologicalskillseducationalprogramforclosedskillperformanceenhancement[J].TheSportPsychologist,1987,1,127-137.[11]Brewer,B.W,VanRaalte,J.L.,Petitpas,A.J.,Bachman,A.D.,Weinhold,R.A.〔1998〕。NewspaperportrayalsofsportpsychologyintheUnitedStates,1985-1993[J].TheSportpsychologist,1998,12,89-94.[12]Bull,S.J.〔1995〕。Reflectionsona5-yearconsultancyprogramwiththeEnglandwomenscricketteam[J].TheSportPsychologist,1995,9,148-163.[13]Burgess,R.G.〔1984〕。Inthefield:AnIntroductiontoFieldResearch.London:GeorgeAllen[M],UinwinLtd.,1984.[14]Byra,M.,GocKarp,G.〔2000〕。Datacollectiontechniquesemployedinqualitativeresearchinphysicaleducation[J].JournalofTeachinginPhysicalEducation,2000,19,246-266.[15]Conroy,D.E.,Benjamin,L.S.〔2001〕。Psychodynamicsinsportperformanceenhancementconsultation:Applicationofaninterpersonaltheory[J].TheSportPsychologist,2001,15,103-117.[16]Corey,G.〔1995〕。TheoryandPracticeofGroupCounseling〔4thed.〕[M].PacificGrove,CA:Brooks/Cole,1995.[17]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.,Trudel,P,Baria,A.,Russell,S〔1995〕。Thecoachingmodel:Agroundedassessmentofexpertgymnasticcoachesknowledge[J].JounrnalofSportandExercisePsychology,1995,17〔1〕，1-17.[18]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.H.,Baria,A.,Russell,S.J.〔1993〕。Organizingandinterpretingunstructuredqualitativedata[J].TheSportPsychologist,1993,7,127-137.[19]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.H.,Russel,S.J.〔1995〕。Theknowledgeofhigh-performancegymnasticscoaches:Methodologicalframework[J].TheSportPsychologist,1995,9,65-75.[20]Creswell,J.W.〔1998〕。QualitativeInquiryandResearchDesign:ChoosingamongFiveTraditions[M].ThousandOaks,CA:ThousandOaks,CA:SagePublicationsInc,1998.[21]Crewell,J.W〔1996〕。ResearchDesignQualitativeQuantitativeApproaches[M].ThousandOaks,CA:SagePublicationsInc.,1994.[22]D.GantWard,ScottD.Sandstedt,RichardH.Cox,NielsC.Beck〔2005〕。Athlete-CounselingCompetenciesforU.S.PsychologistsWorkingWithAthletes[J].TheSportPsychologist,2005,19〔3〕。[23]Dale,G.A.〔1996〕。Existentialphenomenology:Emphasizingtheexperienceoftheathleteinsportpsychologyresearch[J].TheSportPsychologist,1996,10,307-321.[24]DanielS.Kirschenbaum,WilliamD.Parham,ShaneM.Murphy〔1993〕。ProvisionofSportPsychologyServicesatOlympicEvents:The1991U.S.OlympicFestivalandBeyond[J].TheSportPsychologist,1993,7,441-447.[25]Danish,S.J.,Hale,B.D.〔1981〕。Towardanunderstandingofthepracticeofsportpsychology[J].JournalofSportPsychology,1981,3,90-99.[26]Danish,S.J.,Petitpas,A.J.,Hale,B.D.〔1992〕。Adevelopmental-educationalinterventionmodelofsportpsychology[J].TheSportPsychologist,1992,6,403-415.[27]Danish,S.J.,Petitpas,A.J.,Hale,B.D.〔1993〕。Lifedevelopmentinterventionwithathletes:Lifeskillsthroughsports[J].TheCounselingPsychologist,1993,21,352-385.[28]Danish,S.J.,Petitpas,A.J.,Hale,B.D.〔1995〕。PsychologicalInterventions:ALifeDevelopmentModel.In:S.M.Murphy〔ed.〕[M].SportPsychologyInterventions.Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1995,19-38.[29]Denzin,N.K.,Lincoln,Y.S.〔2000〕。Introduction:TheDisciplineandPracticeofQualitativeResearch.In:N.K.Denzin,Lincoln,Y.S.Lincoln〔eds.〕。HandbookofQualitativeResearch〔2ed〕[M].ThousandOaks,CA:Sage,2000,1-28.[30]DianeM.Culver,WadeD.Gilbert〔2003〕。Adecadeofqualitativeresearchinsportpsychologyjournals:1990-1999[J].TheSportPsychologist,2003,17,1-15[31]Drabik,J.〔1996〕。ChildrenSportTraining:HowYourFutureChampionsShouldExercisetoBeHealthy,Fit,andHappy[M].IslandPond,VT:StadionPublishing,1996.[32]Eklund,R.C.〔1996〕。Preparingtocompete:Aseason-longinvestigationwithcollegiatewrestlers[J].TheSportPsychologist,1996,10,111-131.[33]Faulkner,G.,Sparkes,A.〔1999〕。Exerciseastherapyforschizophrenia:Anethnographicstudy[J[.JournalofSportandExercisePsychology,1999,21,52-69.[34]Gardner,F.〔1995〕。TheCoachandtheTeamPsychologist:AnIntegratedOrganizationalModel.In:S.M.Murphy〔Ed.〕。SportPsychologyInterventions[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1995,147-175.[35]Giges,B.〔1998〕。Psychodynamicconceptsinsportpsychology:CommentonStreanandStran[J].TheSportPsychologist,1998,12,223-227.[36]Gipson,M.,McKenzie,T.,Lowe,S.〔1989〕。ThesportpsychologyprogramoftheUSAwomensnationalvolleyballteam[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,330-339.[37]Gordin,R.D.,Henschen,K.P.〔1989〕。PreparingtheUSAwomensartisticgymnasticteamforthe1988Olympics:Amulti-modelapproach[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,330-339.[38]Gordon,S.〔1990〕。AmentalskillstrainingprogramfortheWesternAustralianstatecricketteam[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,386-399.[39]Halliwell,W.〔1989〕。DeliveringsportpsychologyservicestotheCanadiansailingteamatthe1988SummerOlympicGames[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,313-319.[40]Halliwell,W.〔1990〕。Providingsportpsychologyconsultingservicesinprofessionalhockey[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,369-377.[41]Henschen,k.〔1991〕。Criticalissuesinvolvingmaleconsultantsandfemaleathletes[J].TheSportPsychologist,1991,5,313-321.[42]Hill,K.E.〔2001〕。FrameworksforSportPsychologists:EnhancingSportPerformance[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,2001.[43]Hudelson,P.M.〔1994〕。QualitaitiveResearchforHealthProgrammes[R].WorldHealthOrganlization,1994.[44]JudyL.VanRaalte.〔2003〕。ProvisionofSportPsychologyServicesatanInternationalCompetition:TheXVIMaccabiahGames[J].TheSportPsychologist,2003,17,461-470[45]Krathwohl,D.R.〔1998〕。MethodsofEducationalSocialScienceResearch[M].Addison-WesleyEducationalPublishers,Inc.,1998.[46]Kurz,T.〔2001〕。ScienceofSportsTraining:HowtoPlanandControlTrainingforPeakPerformance〔2nded.〕[M].IslandPond,VT:StadionPublishing,2001.[47]LaRose,B.〔1988〕。Whatcanthesportpsychologyconsultantlearnfromtheeducationalconsultant?[J].TheSportPsychologist,1988,2,141-153.[48]LewHardy,GaynorParfitt.〔1994〕。TheDevelopmentofaModelfortheProvisionofPshychologicalSupporttoaNationalSquad[M].HumanKineticsPublishers,Inc.,1994,127-142.[49]Loehr,J.E.〔1990〕。Providingsportpsychologyservicestoprofessionaltennisplayers[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,400-408.[50]May,J.R.,Brown,L.〔1989〕。DeliveryofpsychologicalservicestotheU.S.a;pineskiteampriortoandduringtheOlympicsinCalgary[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,320-329..[51]Murphy,S.M.,Ferrante,A.P.〔1989〕。ProvisionofsportpsychologyservicestotheU.S.teamatthe1988SummerOlympicGames[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,374-385.[52]Neff,F.〔1990〕。Deliveringsportpsychologyservicestoaprofessionalsportorganization[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,378-385.[53]Nideffer,R.M.〔1984〕。CurrentConcernsinSportPsychology.In:J.M.Silva,R.S.Weinberg〔Eds.〕。PsychologicalFoundationsofSport[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1984,35-44.[54]Newburg,D.〔1992〕。Performanceenhancement-Towardaworkingdefinition[J].PerformanceEnhancement,1992,1,11-25.[55]NicholasL.Holt,WilliamB.Strean.〔2001〕。Reflectiononinitiatingsportpsychologyconsultation:aself-narrativeofneophytepractice[J].TheSportPsychologist,2001,15,188-204.[56]Norcross,J.C.〔Ed.〕?！?986〕。HandbookofEclecticPsychotherapy[M].NewYork:Brunner/Mazel,1986.[57]Orlick,T.〔1989〕。ReflectionsonsportpsychconsultingwithindividualandteamsportathletesatSummerandWinterOlympicGames[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,358-365.[58]PatriciaA.Sullivan,HoneyW.Nashman.〔1998〕。Self-perceptionsoftheroleofUSOCsportpsychologistsinworkingwithOlympicathletes[J].TheSportPsychologist,1998,12,95-103.[59]PaulWylleman,PaulDeKnop,JokeDelhoux,YvesVandenAuweele.〔1999〕。CurrentstatusandfutureissuesofsportpsychologyconsultationinFlanders[J].TheSportPsychologist,1999,13,99-106.[60]Perna,F,Neyer,M,Murphy,S.M.,Ogilvie,B.B.,Murphy,A.〔1995〕。ConsultationswithSportOrganizations:ACognitive-BehavioralModel.In:S.M.Murphy〔Ed.〕。SportPsychologyInterventions[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1995,235-252.[61]Ravizza,K.〔1988〕。Gainingentrywithathleticpersonnelforseasonlong-consulting[J].TheSportPsychologist,1988,2,243-254.[62]Ravizza,K.〔1990〕。Sportpsychconsultationissuesinprofessionalbaseball[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,330-340.[63]Ravizza,K.〔2002〕。Aphilosophicalconstruct:Aframeworkforperformanceenhancement[J].InternationalJournalofSportPsychology,2002,33,4-18.[64]Rotella,R.J.〔1990〕。Providingsportpsychologyconsultingservicestoprofessionalathletes[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,409-417.[65]Salmela,J.H.〔1989〕。Long-terminterventionwiththeCanadianmensOlympicgymnasticteam[J].TheSportPsychologist,1989,3,340-349.[66]ShaneM.Murphy.〔1988〕。Theon-siteprovisionofsportpsychologyservicesatthe1987U.S.OlympicFestival[J].TheSportPsychologist,1988,2,337-350[67]Smith,R.E.,Johnson,J.〔1990〕。Anorganizationalempowermentapproachtoconsultationinprofessionalbaseball[J].TheSportPsychologist,1990,4,47-357.[68]Strean,W.B.,Strean,H.S.〔1998〕。Applyingpsychodynamicconceptstosportpsychologypractice[J].TheSportPsychologist,1998,12,208-222.[69]Thompson,M.A.〔1998b〕。MentalSkillsTraining.In:M.A.Thompson,R.A.Vernacchia,W.E.Moore〔eds.〕。CaseStudiesinSportPsychology:AnEducationalApproach[M].Dubuque,IA:Kendall/Hunt,1998,171-194.[70]Thompson,M.A.〔1998a〕。APhilosophyofAppliedSportPsychology.In:M.A.Thompson,R.A.Vernacchia,W.E.Moore〔eds.〕。CasestudiesinSportPsychology:AnEducationalApproach[M].Dubuque,IA:Kendall/Hunt,1998,3-6.[71]Unestahl,L.E.〔1982〕。InnerMentalTrainingforSport.In:T.Orlick,J.T.Partington,J.H.Salmela〔Eds.〕。MentalTrainingforCoachesandAthletes[M].Ottawa,Canada:TheCoachingAssociationofCanada,1982,135-140.[72]Vealey,R.S.〔1988〕。Futuredirectionsinpsychologyicalskillstraining[J].TheSportPsychologist,1988,2,318-336.[73]VikkiKrane,ChristyA.Greenleaf.〔1997〕。Reachingforgoldandthepriceofglory:amotivationalcasestudyofanelitegymnast[J].TheSportPsychologist,1997,11,53-71[74]Weinberg,R.S.,Could,D.〔1999〕。FoundationsofSportandExercisePsychology〔2ed.〕[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1999.[75]Weiss,M.R.〔1995〕。ChildreninSport:AnEducationalModel.In:S.M.Murphy〔Ed.〕。SportPsychologyIntervention[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1995,36-39.[76]Woody,R.H.,Hansen,J.C.,Rosberg,R.H.〔1989〕。CounselingPsychology[M].StrategiesandServices,PacificGrove,CA:Brooks/Cole,1989.[77]XavierSanchez,PhilippeGodin,FabriceDeZanet.〔2005〕。Whodeliverssportpsychologyservices?ExaminingthefieldrealityinEurope[J].TheSportPsychologist,2005,19,81-92.[78]Young,M.E.〔1992〕。CounselingMethodsandTechniques.AnEclectidApproach[M].NewYork:Macmillian,1992.[79]陳向明〔1996〕。定性研究方式方法評(píng)價(jià)[J].教育研究與實(shí)驗(yàn)，1996,62-68.[80]丁雪琴，曲春，殷恒嬋等〔2002〕。國(guó)家帆板帆船隊(duì)備戰(zhàn)2000年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的心理訓(xùn)練及其效果[J].體育科技，2002,22:98-102.[81]郭云清，周成林，戈炳珠〔2001〕。備戰(zhàn)鹽湖城冬奧會(huì)空中技巧國(guó)