山東省泰安市丘明中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析

山東省泰安市丘明中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.It’s

greatnewsforthedriverthatrunningayellowlightnolongerresultsin

6-pointpunishment.A./;the

B./;a

C.a;the

D.a;a參考答案：B2.Notonly

interestedinfootballbut

beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsare B.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisteachersC.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudents D.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare參考答案：D3.Nuclear______bereallydangerousattimeseventhoughit’saniceenergyingeneral．A．shall

B．should

C．can

D．Must參考答案：Ccan在這里是“有時會”的意思。句子意思：盡管核能一般說來是很好的能源，但是有時候也會非常危險。4.WhenchattingontheInternetbytypinginEnglish,youcan______articles，subjects,etc.tomakethesentencesshorter.A.getoffB.leaveout

C.turninD.makeup參考答案：B5.Theteacherdoesn’tbelievehisreasonforbeingabsentfromclass___hewasill,____madhimsad.A.that;which

B.why;which

C.why;what

D.that;what參考答案：A略6.Howeverweakweare,wecanstilldosomethingagainstthepowerfulnaturesolongasweare______prepared.A.specially

B.adequately C.physically D.equally參考答案：B7..Beforethewarbrokeout,manypeople

insafeplacespossessionstheycouldnottakewiththem.A.threwaway

B.putaway

C.gaveaway

D.carriedaway

參考答案：B略8.MrObama,whoappearedtotaketheleadintheraceinmostbattlegroundstates,seemedtoadoptan

ofcautionthroughoutthefirstPresidentialdebate。A．a(chǎn)ccent

B．a(chǎn)bility

C．a(chǎn)tmosphere D.air參考答案：D9.Ifyouleavetheclub,youwillnotbe

backin.

A.received

B.admitted

C.turned

D.moved參考答案：B略10.________theoilunderthesea,thecompanyhasraisedamplefundstodeveloppetroleumexplorationequipment.A.Exploiting

B.HavingexploitedC.Toexploit

D.Exploited參考答案：C考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了探索海底石油，該公司籌集了充足的資金來開發(fā)石油勘探設(shè)備。“________theoilunderthesea”是目的狀語，表目的，應(yīng)用動詞不定式，故C選項正確。11.Thesunspotcameintoitsactivestagelastyear,

thathappensonceeveryelevenyears.A.one

B.it

C.theone

D.what參考答案：A12.Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setaside

B.setdown

C.setoff

D.setup參考答案：Asetaside把…放置一旁，不理會，留出；setdown制定，（使）放下；setoff出發(fā)，（使）開始；setup建立，準(zhǔn)備，安排；此處是指晚上是留出來睡覺的，所以選A。解題的關(guān)鍵在于正確理解和把握固定詞組的多個含義。13.Thewoman______youmetatmyhomewasateacherofEnglish.

Whichofthefollowingiswrong

?

A.whom

B.that

C.which

D./參考答案：C14.Whatapity!Thelittlegirlhadtodropoutofschooland

theresponsibilitiesthatmostparentscantake,afterherparentspassedawayintheearthquake.A.takeon

B.takein

C.takeoff

D.takeover參考答案：A15.Chinesepeople'sspendingonoverseastrips______yearbyyear．（）A．hadrisen B．rise C．isrising D．rose參考答案：C句意：國人在海外旅行的開銷逐年增長．本題中時間狀語是yearbyyear，表達(dá)"逐年"的意思，逐年增長，這是一個現(xiàn)在持續(xù)進(jìn)行的過程，同時spending翻譯成開銷，是不可數(shù)名詞，選擇現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的單數(shù)形式，故選C．16.Ifyoufollowthedoctor’sadvice,you’lllookandfeelmuchbetter______.A．a(chǎn)tnotime

B．a(chǎn)ttimes

C．innotime

D．foratime參考答案：C17.Don'tleavethewater____whileyoubrushyourteeth．A．run

B．running

C．beingrun

D．torun參考答案：B18.—WhatisyourimpressionofyourformercolleagueNick?—He’shelpful,andhe________giveusahandatwork.A.must

B.wouldC.may

D.should參考答案：B二、填空19.Manhasbeenontheearthaboutonemillionyears.He

61

(manage)toliveoneverypartoftheplanet,eventhoughsomeclimateshavemadeitslifedifficult.Itisthoughtthat

62

(different)inskincolouraretheresultofclimatic

63

(adapt).Forexample,peoplewithskincoloursofyellow,red,andolive,generallycomefromareas

64

theyhavehadtoadapttothelocalclimates.Man'ssizealsoseemsto

65

(various)accordingtoclimate.Peoplelivingincolderregionsaregenerallylargerthan

66

livinginhotterones.Thisdifferencemightbeexplainedbythefact

67

bigpeoplehavelessskincomparedtoweightthansmallpeopledo.Thelessskinapersonhascomparedtohisweight,theeasier

68

isforhimtokeepwarm.Aspartofthenaturalenvironment,climategreatlyaffectshumanactivities.Climatehasasignificant

69

onagriculture.Climaticfactorsrestrictthekindsofcropsthatcanbegrown.Manchangeshislivinghabitsinordertoadjusttoclimate,butclimate

70

(change)aswell,thoughmoreslowly.Bylearningmoreabouthisclimate,Manwillfindawaytoadapttoorcontrolitandliveamorecomfortablelife參考答案：1.hasmanaged2.differences3.adaption/adaptation4.where5.vary6.those7.that8.it9.effect/influence/impact10.changes20.ThereareasmanyvarietiesofEnglishastherearespeakersofit.English

61(Speak)asanofficiallanguageinmorethan60countries,anditcansoundverydifferentfromplacetoplace.

62

iseasyforustotellBritishEnglish

63

AmericanEnglish.ThereisnotreallyastandardformthateveryonecanagreeonandEnglishis

64

(wide)spoken,soitishardtotellwhichEnglishiscorrect.Aslongasspeakerscanunderstandeachother,65

(correct)doesn'tmatter.AustralianEnglishhastracesofbothIrishandcockneyspeechpatterns,becausethefirstspeakerswereprisoners

66

camefromalloverBritain.ManyoftheAboriginalwords67

(pass)intothelanguage.

68

themaindifferenceslieintheindividualsoundsandintonationpatterns.Butthisisnotthecase,thevarietyofEnglish

69

(speak)inJamaicahassomeofthegrammaticalfeaturesoftheAmericanlanguages.Onthe

70

sideoftheworld,inSingapore,Englishisspokenbyabouthalfthepopulation.Sentencesoftenendwiththewordlah.EnglishherehasbeeninfluencedespeciallybyMalayandtheChinesedialectHokkien.參考答案：61.isspoken62.It63.from64.widely65.correctness66.who67.passed68.But69.spoken70.other試題分析：本文介紹英語有很多種類。61.isspoken

English和Speak之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故填isspoken。62.It

此處是it做形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式，故填it。63.from

固定搭配：tell---from---，把---和---區(qū)分開，故填from。68.But

句意：但主要的區(qū)分在于獨特的發(fā)音和語調(diào)模式。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故填But。69.spoken

此處是過去分詞作后置定語，故填spoken。70.other

句意：世界的另一邊。故填other?！局R歸納】以e結(jié)尾的形容詞變成副詞時，有的直接加ly;有的把e去掉再加ly.possible---possibly;simple---simply;gentle---gently;terrible---terribly;true---truly;flexible---flexiblyimmediate---immediately;brave---bravely;wise---wisely；active---actively三、閱讀理解21.閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Sir，

Themajority(=Most)ofyourreadersmusthavebeensurprisedandshockedtoreadaletterfromMr．R．Hogg，publishedinlastWednesday’sHerald．Mr．Hoggseemstothinkthathisownconvenienceandthatofmotoristsingeneralaretheonlythingsthatmatterinourcity．

IwouldhavesupportedMr．Hoggifhehadjustmadesuggestionstoimprovethesituation．Nodoubthisproblemswouldbepartlysolvedifthelocalgovernmentbuiltamulti-storeycarparkinthecitycenter，insteadofencouragingmotoriststousepublictransport．Allthesame，judgingfromthetoneofMr．Hogg’sletter，Isuspectthatmotoristswhoaresocarelessofpedestrians’(行人)safetythattheywouldratherparktheirearsonthepavementthanholdupthetrafficwouldprobablybetoolazytouseamulti-storeycarparkiftheyhadtowalkafewhundredyardstotheirdestinationafterwards．

Mymainreasonforwriting，however，ismuchmoreimportant．DoesMr．Hoggrealizethat，accordingtofigures(數(shù)字)showedbytheDepartmentofTransport，13，000peoplewereknockeddowninBritainlastyearbecauseofearsbeingillegallyparkedeitheronthepavementoroncrossings?Infact，althoughthetotalpedestriancasualty(傷亡事故)ratehasfallenoverthelasttenyears，therehasbeenanincreaseinaccidentscausedwhenpedestrianshavetostepoutintothemadtoavoidparkedcarsonthepavementandcannotseeoncomingtraffic．

IcannotshareMr．Hogg’sviewthatthegovernmenthavepaidlittleattentionto“l(fā)ong-sufferingmotorists”：andIthinkthepunishmentfordangerousparkingshouldbemadesevereenoughtostopallmotoristsfrombreakingthelawinthisway．AWALKER，ProudfootLane，Carchester72．Theletteraboveiswritteninanswertotheletterby

．

A．a(chǎn)rteditor

B．a(chǎn)certainMr．R．Hogg

C．somereaders

D．somemotorists73．Thetopicforthetwolettersis

．

A．parkingproblemsinthecitycenter

B．buildingamulti-storeycarparkinthecitycenter

C．publictransport

D．theincreaseinaccidentscausedbyparkedcarsonthepavement74．WhatMr．A．Walkerdoeswanttomakeknowninhisletteristhat

．

A．thetotalpedestriancasualtyratehasfallen

B．carelessparkingmaycauseserioustrafficaccidents

C．theconvenienceofmotoristsingeneralmattersmuchD．thesafetyofpedestriansmatterslithe75．InMr．A．Walker’sopinion，severerpunishmentshouldbegivento

．

A．a(chǎn)llthecarelessmotorists

B．a(chǎn)llthelawbreakers

C．a(chǎn)llwhostepoutintotheroad

D．a(chǎn)llwhododangerousparking參考答案：72-75BABD22.FourpeopleinEngland,backin1953,staredatphoto51.itwasn’tmuch–apictureshowingablackX.ButthreeofthesepeoplewontheNobelprizeforfiguringoutwhatthephotoreallyshowed—theshapeofDNA.ThediscoverybroughtfameandfortunetoscientistsJamesWatson,Franciscrick,andMauriceWillkins.Thefourth,theonewhoactuallymadethepicture,wasleftout.HernamewasRosalindFranklin.“sheshouldhavebeenupthere,”sayshistorianMaryBowden.”ifherphotohadn’tbeenthere,theotherscouldn’thavecomeupwiththestructure.”onereasonFranklinwasmissingwasthatshehaddiedofcancerfouryearsbeforetheNobeldecision.ButnowscholardoubtthatFranklinwasnotonlyrobbedofherlifebydiseasebutrobbedofcreditbyhercompetitions.AtCambridgeuniversityinthe1950s,WatsonandCricktriedtomakemodelsbycuttingupshapesofDNA’spartsandthenputtingthemtogether.Inthemeantime,atking’scollegeinLondon,FranklinandWilkinsshoneX-raysatthemolecule(分子).Theraysproducedpatternsreflectingtheshape.ButWilkinsandFranklin’serlationshipwasalotrockierthanthecelebratedteamworkofWatsonandCrick.WilkinsthoughtFranklinwashiredtobehisassistant.ButthecollegeactuallyemployedhertotakeovertheDNAproject.WhatshedidwasproduceX-raypicturesthattoldWatsonandCrickthatoneoftheirearlymodelswasinsideout.Andshewasnotshyaboutsayingso.ThatangeredWatson,whoattackedherinreturn,”Mereinspectionsuggestedthatshewouldnoteasilybend.Clearlyshehadtogoorbeputinherplace.AsFranklin’scompetitors,Wilkins,WatsonandCrickhadmuchtogainbycuttingheroutofthelittlegroupofresearchers,sayshistorianPninaAbir-Am.In1962attheNobelprizeawardingceremony,Wilkinsthanked13colleaguesbynamebeforehementionedFranklin.Watsonwrotehisbooklaughingather.Crickwrotein1974that“Franklinswasonlytwostepsawayfromthesolution.”

No,Franklinwasthesolution.”ShecontributedmorethananyotherplayertosolvingthestructureofDNA.Shemustbeconsideredaco-discoverer,”Abir-Amsays.ThiswasbackedupbyAaronKlug,whoworkedwithFranklinandlaterwonaNobelPrizehimself.Oncedescribedasthe“DarkLadyofDNA”,Franklinisfinallycomingintothelight.57.Whatisthetextmainlyab