Unit1Womenofachievement（主謂一致）設(shè)計

Unit1Womenofachievement語法（主謂一致）教學(xué)設(shè)計Teachinggoals1.Targetlanguagea.Importantphrases.achievement,inspire,worthwhile,observe,institute,respect,condition,argue,entertainmentb.Keysentences.OurgroupareallgoingtovisitthechimpsintheforestOurgroupincludessixboysandfivegirls.2.Abilitygoalsa.Enlargevocabularybylearningword-formation.b.LearntouseSubject-verbagreementcorrectly.3.LearningabilitygoalsTeachstudentshowtoenlargevocabularybyword-formationandhowtousesubject-verbagreement.TeachingimportantpointsNounSuffixinword-formation.Subject-verbagreementofcollectivenouns.

TeachingdifficultpointsEnablestudentstousecollectivenounscorrectly,byunderstandingtheirmeaningsincertainsituations.TeachingmethodsLetstudentsdotheexercises,andthencollecttheiranswers.Askthemtoconcludetherulesandthengivethemsomeexplanation.TeachingaidsAprojector.Teachingprocedures&waysStepIRevisionReviewthetextbycheckingtheanswersforExercises2,3and4onPage4and5.Theseexercisesareabouttheusefulwordsthatappearinthetext.StepIIWord-formationTherearetwotasksinthispart.Oneisleadingin,inwhichteachertrystogivestudentsasmanywordsaspossible.Letthemguessthemeaningsofthewords.ThesecondoneistofinishExercise1onPage4.Derivationisoneofthemostimportantword-formation.Itishelpfulinenlargingstudents'vocabulary.Teacherscangivethemenoughwords,andletthemguessthemeaningofthesewords.Asaresultofthis,studentswillbeinterestedintheword-formation,andbegintousethemethodtoguidetheirwordstudyintheirdailylife.T:Justnowwereviewedsomewordsinthetext.Nowpleaselookatthesewordsonthescreenandsaythemeaningsofthem.Organize Organization State StatementDiscuss Discussion Entertain EntertainmentDirect Direction Consider ConsiderationDecide Decision Agree AgreementPrepare Preparation Achieve AchievementInform Information Treat TreatmentDeter- Determination Improve ImprovementExpress Expression Encourage EncouragementExamine Examination Enjoy EnjoymentEducate Education Govern GovernmentFeel Feeling Find FindingBegin Beginning Mean MeaningT:Fromtheabovechartwecanseethatwithknowledgeofword-formation,wecanenlargeourvocabulary.Today,we'llfocusourattentionontheNounSuffix.TherearemanyNounSuffixesinEnglish.Inthisunit,we'lllearn-ment,-ing,-ation,-istandsoon.Nowlet'sfinishExercise1inPage4.LetstudentsfinishExercise1.Checktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.T:HerearesomeothernounSuffixesonthescreen.Readitandwritedowntheminyournotebooks.NounSuffix-er(fighter) -or(sailor)-ist(artist)-ant(assistant) -ee(employee) -ian(librarian)-tion(attention) -ment(government) -dom(freedom)-ness(carefulness) -ism(socialism) -ship(friendship)-ure(pleasure) -ty(society) -ence(reference)Letstudentsdoit,andthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.StepIIIDiscoveringusefulstructuresTellstudentswhattheyshoulddonext.AskthemtoreadtheEXAMPLEinExercise1onPage5.Makesurethattheyknowwhattheyshoulddo.FinishExercise1,andchecktheanswers.T:Doyouhaveanyquestions?Ss:Sometimesit'sdifficulttodecidewhetherthemeaningofthesubjecttendstosingleorplurality.T:Thisisagoodquestion.Althoughweknowthatifthewordreferstodifferentmembers,useaplural,andifthewordisconsideredasawhole,useasingularverb,westillfinditisdifficulttousethisinourpractice.Ithinkwhatweshoulddoistopracticeagainandagain.Trytoexperiencethemeaningofthewordinthesituation.That'sthewaytosolvethisproblem.Ok,let'sfinishExercise2onPage5.Letstudentsdoit.Theycanhaveadiscussiontochecktheanswers.Afterthat,checkwiththewholeclass,tofactteachershouldenlargethisstructureforstudents.DiegrammarchartinthereferencebookonPage5,isagoodonetoletstudentsknowmoreaboutsubject-verbagreement.Ifpossibleteachercouldshowallthegrammarknowledgetostudents.ThisisespeciallyusefulforthosewhowouldliketolearnEnglishGrammar.１．兩個或兩個以上做主語的單數(shù)名詞用and連接，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)．TomandDick_______(be)goodfriends.但若表示一個集合體時則用單數(shù)。Asingeranddancer______(be)presentattheparty.Theworkerandwriter___(be)talkingtothestudents.Breadandbutter________(taste)good.(aneedleandthread,ahorseandcart,awatchandchain,acoatandtie,truthandhonesty,medicalhelpandcure)2．用and連接的兩個名詞若被no,each,every,manya修飾，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Nobirdandnobeast______(be)seeninthebareisland.Manyaboyandmanyagirl______(have)madesuchafunnyexperiment.AtChristmaseachboyandeachgirl_____(be)givenapresent.3．兩個主語由notonly…butalso,or,either…or,neither…nor等連接時，謂語動詞與第二個主語保持一致．EitherheorI_____(be)togothere.______(be)eitheryouorhegoingtoattendthemeeting?4.主語后有aswellas,like,with,togetherwith,but,except,besides,等，謂語應(yīng)于前面主語保持一致．Aprofessor,togetherwithsomestudents,_____(be)senttohelpinthework.Noonebuttheteachers_____(be)allowedtousetheroom.5．一些集合名詞做主語，如果看作一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果指其中的成員，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)．如audience,committee，class(班級),crew（全體船員或機組人員),family,government,public(公眾)等，但people,police,cattle等只能用復(fù)數(shù)．Myfamily_____(be)abigfamily.Myfamily_____(be)listeningtotheradio.Thepolice____(be)tryingtocatchthethief.6.通常作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞有些集體名詞，如police,people,cattle,militia,poultry(家禽),)等，通常作復(fù)數(shù)，用復(fù)數(shù)動詞。例如：Domesticcattle______(provide)uswithmilk,beefandhides.7.通常作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞有一些集體名詞，如machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise(商品)，clothing通常作不可數(shù)名詞，隨后的動詞用單數(shù)。例如：Themerchandise_____(have)arrivedundamaged.Allthemachineryinthefactory____(be)madeinChina.8．表示時間、重量、長度等名詞，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但作為一個整體看，謂語還是用單數(shù)。Fiveminutes______(be)enough.Onedollarandseventyeightcents_____(be)whatshehas.9.all作為主語，代表人物時，一般用作復(fù)數(shù)；代表整個事件或情況時，一般看作單數(shù)。AllthatIwant_____(be)agooddictionary.All______(be)silent.人人都緘口無言。萬籟俱寂。All______(be)outofdanger.10．形容詞加定冠詞the表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Whatalifethepoorwereliving!Theyoung_____happytogivetheirseatstotheold.11．who,which,that作定語從句的主語時，其謂語取決于先行詞。Thosewhowanttogoshouldsignyournameshere.Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.12.以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱某些以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱，如physics(物理學(xué))、mathematics(數(shù)學(xué))、mechanics(機械學(xué))、politics(政治學(xué))、statistics(統(tǒng)計學(xué))、economics(經(jīng)濟學(xué))、linguistics(語言學(xué)）athletics(體育學(xué))、等，通常作單數(shù)用。例如：13.其他以-s結(jié)尾的名詞英語中有一些由兩個部分組成的物體名稱通常是以-s結(jié)尾，如scissors(剪子)，pincers(鉗子)，glasses(眼鏡），shorts(短褲)，trousers(褲子)，suspenders(吊褲帶)等。這一類名詞，如果不帶"一把"、"一副"、"一條"等單位詞而單獨使用，通常作復(fù)數(shù)。例如：如果帶有單位詞，則由單位詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Onepairofscissorsisn'tenough.14.以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱某些以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱，如果是國名，如theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations,theNetherlands等，盡管帶有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾，但系單一政治實體，故作單數(shù)用。但若不是國名，而是群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等地理名稱、通常作復(fù)數(shù)用。例如：TheWestIndies,apartfromtheBahamas,arecommonlydividedintotwoparts.TheHimalayas（喜馬拉雅山脈)haveamagnificentvarietyofplantandanimallife.TheStraitsofGibraltarhavenotlosttheirstrategicimportance.15.英語中還有一些以-s結(jié)尾的名詞，如:arms(武器),clothes(衣服),contents(內(nèi)容，目錄)fireworks(煙火),goods(貨物),minutes(記錄),morals(道德，品行),remains(遺體),stairs(樓梯),suburbs(郊區(qū)),thanks(謝意),wages(工資)等，通常作復(fù)數(shù)。16.凡是由-ings結(jié)尾的名詞，如:clippings(剪下來的東西),diggings(掘出的東西),earnings(收入),filings(銼屑),lodgings(租住的房屋),surroundings(環(huán)境),sweepings(掃攏的垃圾)等,通常作復(fù)數(shù)用。例如：Theclippingsofthehedgesareusuallyburnt.Thesweepingsofthegodown(倉庫)havebeendisposedof.17.還有一些以-s接的單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，如:headquarters(總部),means(方法、手段),series(系列),species(種類),works(工廠)等，隨后動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于這些名稱是作單數(shù)，還是用作復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Aheadquarterswassetuptodirecttheoperation(指揮作戰(zhàn)).TheirheadquartersareinParis.Theonlymeanstoachievesuccessistoappealtoarms(訴諸武力).18.remains用于"遺體"意義時，隨后的動詞通常作復(fù)數(shù)：Hisremainslieinthechurchyard.Themartyr'sremainswereburiedatthefootofthehill.但作"遺跡"或"剩余物"解釋時，可作復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)用：Hereistheremainsofatemple.Theremainsofthemealwere/wasfedtothedog.19.如果作主語的名詞詞組由“分?jǐn)?shù)(或百分?jǐn)?shù))+of-詞組”構(gòu)成，其動詞形式依of-詞組中名詞類別而定。例如：Twothirdsoftheswampland(沼澤地)_____(have)beenreclaimed(開墾).Oversixtypercentofthecity____(be)destroyedinthewar.Thirty-fivepercentofthedoctors______(be)women.20.如果主語是allof...,someof...,noneof...,halfof...,mostof...等表示非確定數(shù)量的名詞詞組，其后的動詞形式依of-詞組中的名詞類別而定。例如：Mostofthemoney_____recoveredbyDeputyPlayer.Mostofthemembers______there.Allofthecargo______lost.Allofthecrew______saved.21.兩數(shù)相減或相除，動詞用單數(shù)；兩數(shù)相加或相乘，動詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Fortyminusfiftee