2020北京海淀高三二模英語(yǔ)

2020北京海淀高三二模英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，120分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)100分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。第一部分:知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，45分)第一節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ADuringmychildhood,wheneverthesundroppedandtheblueskycameup,myfatherandIwouldclimbthemountainnearourhouse.Walkingtogether,wehadalotofconversationsthrough1Ilearnedmanyvaluablelessons.Healwaysstressedtome,"Youshouldhaveobjectivesandcapacitylikethemountain."Thishas2(large)influencedmylife.3themountain-climbing,wecouldn'thavehadenoughtimetospendtogetherbecausemyfatherwasbusy.BYouhaveprobablydreamedabout4youwouldchangetheworld,onlytofindthatitseemsimpossible.However,youmayhavethepower5(make)theworldbetterwithbabysteps.That'stheideabehindtheBAChallenge,whichisapublicservicecampaignco-initiatedbyAlibabaandSinaWeibo.Itaskspeopletodosomethingpositiveandthenrecordthechangesbeforeandafter.Sinceitsfirst6(appear)onSinaWeiboonSept.2ndtheBAChallengehasattractedmillionsofviewersandparticipants.7theselittlethingsmaybeeasilyignoredinourdailylives,theyarewellreceivedbymanyviewers.CThere'snothingbetterthanflyingtoaforeigndestinationtovisittheattractionsit8(have)tooffer.Millionsofpeoplearedoingthesame,andwhynotTheworldhasanamazingvarietyofmust-seesights,frombreathtakingnaturalscenerytoimpressiveoldcities.Buttheproblemisthattoomanyofus9(visit)thematthesametime,puttingpressureonthesedelicateandancientplaces.That'swhyanumberofbeautyspotsandhistoricsiteshavebeenintroducingchargesorrestrictionsonthenumberoftourists.Therearemanyreasonsforthis:toreduceovercrowding,tomanagewearandtearonoldbuildingsandtotidyupthemess10（leave）behind.第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題;每小題分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。HowRunningHelpedMeTurnMyLifeAroundrveneverbeenanathlete.Asidefromexcellingatallacademicdisciplinesatschool,mymaingoalwasto11PEatallcosts.Inmytwenties,IwentforanoccasionalyogaorZumbaclass,butthatwasreallythesummaryofallmyathleticaccomplishments.Thatwasuntiltheendof2016,whenIwasunexpectedlylaidoff.The12ofgettinganewjobsoonwerenotinmyfavorand13thoughtsofnotbeinggoodenoughstartedtokickin.Iwasfeelingquitedepressedbutpushedmyselftogoand14fortheTCSNYCMarathonrunnersasthecoursewasgoingthroughourneighborhood.However,whilebeingthere,Igotphenomenal15fromalltherunners,smiling,applaudingandhigh-fivingconstantly.Notarunnermyself,IthoughtmaybeIcouldgiverunninga16,justtotry,tousemyneglectedgymmembershipandseewhereit17me.AndsoItried.Iwenttomylocalgymthenextmorningandgotonatreadmill（跑步機(jī)）」wasoutofbreathbyminutefive,butI18down,walkedforabitandthenrestarted.Icamebackthenextday,hopingto19afewminuteslonger.Bytheendoftwoweeks,Icouldrunfor30minutes,whichwasahuge20.WhileIsawmybodystartingtolookmoretoned,Ialsonoticedmynegativethoughtsdidn'toccurthat21.Anditsparkedathought-whatifIcouldsetarunning22andsignupformyfirst-everraceIdidandracessortofbecameanewhobby.Inthemeantime,Iwasableto23afewfreelance（自由職業(yè)的［projects.Theyofferedmeagood24，and,mostimportantly,thetimetoworkoutforthebigrace.Also,whenIwasgoingforinterviews,Istartedtofeelvery25inmyabilities,experienceandskills.

Igotmyfull-timejob26atmydreamcompanyjustacoupleofweeksbeforethehalf-marathon.AlthoughIgotan27fromovertrainingrightbeforetherace,Istillwentforitandstillfinishedwithinmy28time.Istillhavealongrunning29aheadofme-I'dlovetoworkonmyspeed,mytechniqueandIdreamofrunningamarathonoutsideoftheUS.Runninggivesme30thatIcandoanythingIsetmymindto.11.A.attendB.avoidC.pursueD.postpone12.A.optionsB.plansC.hopesD.odds13.A.darkB.deepC.criticalD.random14.A.callB.lookC.cheerD.stand15.A.sympathyB.pleasureC.luckD.energy16.A.liftB.shotC.breakD.choice17.A.meetsB.leavesC.takesD.drops18.A.cameB.fellC.wentD.slowed19.A.lastB.walkC.restD.function20.A.creditB.impactC.successD.opportunity21.A.readilyB.frequentlyC.normallyD.occasionally22.A.goalB.limitC.recordD.standard23.A.createB.secureC.approveD.continue24.A.serviceB.positionC.futureD.income25.A.absorbedB.interestedC.confidentD.confused26.A.offerB.permitC.scheduleD.application27.A.awardB.honorC.injuryD.issue28.A.appointedB.expectedC.originalD.spare

29.A.showB.routeC.distance29.A.showB.routeC.distanceD.journeyA.faithB.considerationC.evidenceD.guidance第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AYoumayhaveseentheterm"bulletjournal"floatingaroundonline,butwhatexactlyisabulletjournalThisarticlewillhighlighttheusesforabulletjournalandwhythey'regreatforpeoplewhowishtobemoreorganized.WhatisabulletjournalAbulletjournalisaplannersystemwhichallowsyoutoplanforthefuture,trackthepastandkeepyourlifeorganizedwithlistsseparatedbybulletpoints.Itisaplaceforyoutocreateclear,yetsimpleto-dolistsandaplacetokeepanoteofyourlifegoalsandaspirations.WhatdoesithelpwithAbulletjournalisperfectforpeoplewholikewritingliststokeepthemselvesorganized.They'regreatfordoingasahobbyandyoucangetcreativewiththewayyoupresentyourlists.They'realsoperfectforpeoplewhoconstantlywritedownto-dolistsormakehand-writtennotes.WhyisitimportantAbulletjournalisimportantbecauseweallfeelbetterwhenourlifeisorganized.Organizationcanreducestressandmakeyouhappier.Havingyourlifeinorder,youwillknowexactlywhatyouhavetodoeverydaysothatyoucanrememberallofyourlifegoals.HowtocreateabulletjournalTheinstructionswillhelpyouembarkonyourbulletjournal.Step1.FindorbuyablanknotebookA.Weeklyexpenses.A.Weeklyexpenses.B.Appointmentswithadentist.Anynotebookwithblankpageswilldobecauseifyouaresomeonewhoiscreativeandartistic,youcandecoratethenotebookanywayyoulike.Step2.FindorbuypensIt'sbesttostartoffsimpleandchooseapenthatyoufindeasytouseandthatyouwouldfeelcomfortablewritingwitheveryday.Step3.MonthliesInthissection,youcanputalistofimportantdatesforthatparticularmonth.Step4.DailiesandWeekliesPutallofyourdailyorweeklytasksinthissectionsothatyoudon'tforgetanythingthatyouhavetododuringthatdayorweek.Step5.LifeGoalsKeepalifegoalssection.Thiscanincludedifferentcollectionsofgoals,suchascareer,relationships,placesyouwishtovisitandsoon.Nowstartyourbulletjournal!Bulletjournalsareintendedforthosewhohopeto.keeplifeinorderB.leadarelaxinglifeC.highlighttheirprogressD.reducetheirworkloadKeepingbulletjournalshelpspeople.developartistictasteB.getridofstressC.buildabettermoodD.giveupahobbyofthefollowingismostlikelytobeincludedinabulletjournalC.Weatherforecasts.C.Weatherforecasts.D.Passwordstoyourcomputer.BStuttering（口吃）hasnothingtodowithintelligence.IknowthisbecauseIstutter.Ifittakesmeawhilelongertosayaword,it'snotbecauseIcan'tremembertheword;it'sbecausetheneural（神經(jīng)的）pathwaythattransformswordsinmyheadintosoundsinmymouthiswireddifferently.Anddifferences,ofcourse,arethebestwaytogetnegativeattentioninoursociety.Takingextratimetogetmywordsoutcansurelybefrustrating,butthat'snothingcomparedtothemiseryofdealingwithpeople'sreactions.Almostallchildrenwhostutterarediscouragedfromspeakinginonewayoranother.It'susuallynotasdirectassomeonewalkinguptothemandsaying,"Hey,stutteringkid!Keepyourmouthshut!"Butwhenyourvoicecausesadultsandpeerstosnicker（竊笑）orrolltheireyes,it'sprettydiscouraging.Growingup,Ilearnedtoavoidspeakingwheneverpossible.Ihatedwhatcameoutofmymouth,fullofawkwardbreaksandpauses.IfiguredwhateverfutureIhad,itprobablyinvolvedavowofsilence.TodayI'matouringauthorandcomedian.Ittookme30-somethingyearstogetoverstuttering.DidIstopstutteringNo!Icouldn'tstopifIwantedto.ButIstoppedwantingtostop.Insteadofwastingallmytimeandenergytryingtomeetunattainablestandards,Ilearnedthatit'sOKtostutter.AndIlearnedbyexample.IattendedtheNationalStutteringAssociationconferenceandmetallkindsofpeoplewhostutter-peoplewhodidn'thatethemselves,whodidn'tsilencethemselves.Theystuttered,andtheywereOKwithit!Irememberwatchingthemandthinking,"That'swhoIwanttobe!"There'sapopularsayingincomedy:"Yourweaknessisyourstrength.”WhenIfirstenteredmylocalopen-micscene,Iwasquicklymetwithsome"smart"guyslookingtoscoreacheaplaughatmyexpense.Irememberintroducingmyselftoonecomedianandstutteringonmyname,asIusuallydo.Eagertodemonstratehissmartness,hereplied,"IsthatNinawithfiveNs""No,"Isaid,"it'sNinawithtwoNs!"Justlikethat,Ihadcreatedajokeastheresultofsomeonemakingfunofmystutter.Tothisday,wheneverIneedinspirationforanewjoke,IjustthinkaboutalltheridiculouscommentsIgetfromnon-stutteringpeople.It'sacomedygoldmine!Ittakestheauthorlongertosayawordbecauseshehas.acomparativelylowIQtroubleinorganizingideasarelativelysmallbrainproblemsinherneuralsystemWhatannoystheauthormostaboutherstutteringis.theunfriendlyreactionsofothersthedifficultyinmemorisingwordsherunpromisingfutureasastuttererherembarrassingpausesduringtalksTheauthorgotoverstutteringby?adjustingherattitudetowardsitgettinghelpfromnon-stuttererstellingherselfconstantlytostopitsilencingherselfwheneverpossibleParagraph5ismainlyabouttheauthor's?successasacomedianrespectforothercomediansresistancetoothers'strengthacceptanceofherimperfectionCTheancienttaleoftheCountryMouseandtheTownMousewasonlythefirsttoemphasizeruralfolk'ssupposedsimplicitywhencomparedwithmoresophisticatedurbanites.However,neuro-scientistsannouncethat,infact,itiscitylivingthatcandullthewits.ThenewstudyledbyDr.SpiersatNantesUniversitydescribeshowtheyusedadatasetfrom4millionpeopleofacomputergame,whichtestsnavigatingskillsbyaskingplayerstomemoriseamapshowingthelocationofcheckpointsandthenmeasuringhowwellplayerscanfindthem,guidedonlybytheirmentalmap.Dr.Spiersandhiscolleaguesexaminedthe4millionpeoplefrom38countries,andfoundthatthestrongestindicatorofahighscorewasaplayer'sage-olderpeopleperformedrelativelypoorly,whichagreeswithwhatresearchersknowaboutage-relatedcognitivedecline.Butthebenefitofrurallivingwasstrongenoughtooffsetomeofthat.Datashowedthata70-year-oldwhogrewupinthecountrysidehadthenavigationalabilitiesofanaverage60-year-oldacrossthedataset.Thereisahugegapbetweenthenavigationskillsofruralandcitypeople,andtheresearchersthinktheyknowwhy.Dr.Spierssaysthatthebrain'snavigationalabilitiesprobablyweakeninthelesschallengingcityenvironmentbecausetheyarenotbeingusedasmuch.Althoughcitiesmayappearmoreelaborate,theyalsofeaturemorecluestohelpresidentsfindtheirway,suchasnumberedstreets.Inthecountryside,however,onefieldtendstolookmuchthesameasanother,sotherearefewerexternallandmarkstohelpguidetheway.Neuroscientistsalreadyknowthatlivingandworkinginmorecomplexenvironmentscaninfluencethefunctionandstructureofthebrain.BrainscansofLondontaxidrivers,whohavegainedanencyclopedicmemoryofthecity'sstreets,showthattheytendtohaveanenlargedhippocampus-aregionofthebrainactingasaneuralGPS,sensingpositionandpathonaninternalmapoftheenvironment.Theharmfuleffectofcitylivingonnavigationisprobablymostseriousinpeopleunder16-18,Dr.Spierssays,becausetheirstill-developingbrainsrespondandchangethemostaccordingtoexternalstimuli.Andwhilepeoplewholiveincitieswithyoungchildrenshouldnotbealarmed,thestudydoesraisesomeinterestingideasforurbanplanners:keeptheircitydesignsnotsosimpleperhaps.Andforeveryoneelse,itmightbeanideatoturnoffmapsonthephone.studyledbyDr.Spiersshowsthat.theseniorsscorehigheratcomputergamesrurallifebenefitspeople'ssenseofdirectionparticipantsarebetteratfindingwaysincitiestheyoungremembercheckpointsbetterinmapsunderlinedword"offset"inPara.2mostprobablymeans.achieveB.confirmC.reduceD.replaceWhatisthepurposeofthepassageTointroduceanewwayofdrivertraining.Toexposethedrawbacksoflivingintheurbanarea.Toshowthecontrastbetweenlivesinthecountryandcity.Topresentenvironments'impactonone'sabilitytolocateplaces.WhatisthebesttitleforthepassageLostintheCityBrainWeakenedinCitiesNavigatingtotheCountrysideTheNegativeEffectsofCityLivingDCommunitiesacrosstheworldarestartingtobanfacialrecognitiontechnologies.Theeffortsarewellintentioned,butbanningfacialrecognitionisthewrongwaytofightagainstmodemsurveillance（監(jiān)視［.Generally,modernmasssurveillancehasthreebroadcomponents:identification,correlationanddiscrimination.Facialrecognitionisatechnologythatcanbeusedtoidentifypeoplewithouttheirconsent.Onceweareidentified,thedataaboutwhoweareandwhatwearedoingcanbecorrelatedwithotherdata.Thismightbemovementdata,whichcanbeusedto"follow"usaswemovethroughoutourday.Itcanbepurchasingdata,Internetbrowsingdata,ordataaboutwhowetalktoviaemailortext.Itmightbedataaboutourincome,ethnicity,lifestyle,professionandinterests.Thereisanentireindustryofdatabrokerswhomakealivingbysellingourdatawithoutourconsent.It'snotjustthattheyknowwhoweare;it'sthattheycorrelatewhattheyknowaboutustocreateprofilesaboutwhoweareandwhatourinterestsare.Thewholepurposeofthisprocessisforcompaniestotreatindividualsdifferently.WeareshowndifferentadsontheInternetandreceivedifferentoffersforcreditcards.Inthefuture,wemightbetreateddifferentlywhenwewalkintoastore,justaswecurrentlyarewhenwevisitwebsites.Itdoesn'tmatterwhichtechnologyisusedtoidentifypeople.What'simportantisthatwecanbeconsistentlyidentifiedovertime.Wemightbecompletelyanonymous（匿名的）inasystemthatusesuniquecookiestotrackusaswebrowsetheInternet,butthesameprocessofcorrelationanddiscriminationstilloccurs.Regulatingthissystemmeansaddressingallthreestepsoftheprocess.Abanonfacialrecognitionwon'tmakeanydifference.Theproblemisthatwearebeingidentifiedwithoutourknowledgeorconsent,andsocietyneedsrulesaboutwhenthatispermissible.Similarly,weneedrulesabouthowourdatacanbecombinedwithotherdata,andthenboughtandsoldwithoutourknowledgeorconsent.Thedatabrokerindustryisalmostentirelyunregulatednow.Reasonablelawswouldpreventtheworstoftheirabuses.Finally,weneedbetterrulesaboutwhenandhowitispermissibleforcompaniestodiscriminate.Discriminationbasedonprotectedcharacteristicslikeraceandgenderisalreadyillegal,butthoserulesareineffectualagainstthecurrenttechnologiesofsurveillanceandcontrol.Whenpeoplecanbeidentifiedandtheirdatacorrelatedataspeedandscalepreviouslyunseen,weneednewrules.Today,facialrecognitiontechnologiesarereceivingtheforceofthetechbacklash（抵制），butfocusingonthemmissesthepointWeneedtohaveaseriousconversationaboutallthetechnologiesofidentification,correlationanddiscrimination,anddecidehowmuchwewanttobespiedonandwhatsortsofinfluencewewantthemtohaveoverourlives.AccordingtoPara.2,withfacialrecognition,?one'slifestylechangesgreatlyone'semailcontentisdisclosedone'sprofilesareupdatedintimeone'spersonalinformationisreleasedWecanlearnfromthepassagethat.discriminationbasedonnewtechsurveillanceisillegaldifferentbrowsingdatabringindifferentadvertisementsusingmobilesanonymouslykeepsusfrombeingcorrelateddatabrokerscontrolthecurrenttechnologiesofsurveillanceTheunderlinedpart"thepoint"inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto?people'sconcernovertheirsafetythenatureofthesurveillancesocietyproperregulationofmasssurveillancetheimportanceofidentificationtechnologyTheauthorwrotethispassageto.callforbanningfacialrecognitiontechnologiesadvocatetheurgentneedforchangesinrelatedlawsinformreadersofthedisadvantagesoffacialrecognitionevaluatethreebroadcomponentsinmodernmasssurveillance第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Onceconsideredanoptionallifestylechoice,recyclinghasbecomeacommonplaceactivityinmostareas.Onetypeofrecycling,calleddowncycling,involvesre-purposingamaterialintoanewproductoflesserquality.46Downcyclingisalsoknownasdownstreamrecycling.Itismostcommonintermsofindustrialmaterials.Theseproductslosetheirvalueastheyarerecycled,whichlimitstheircapacityfornewuse.47Whitewritingpaper,forexample,isoftendowncycledintocardboard;oncedowncycledtothisnewform,itcannolongerbeusedaswhitepaperagain.Anotherexampleofdowncyclingincludestheuseofplasticcomponents.Givingproductsanewlifeisconsideredagoodwaytoreusematerialsandavoidwaste.Oncedowncycledtotheirfullcapacity,however,thesematerialsareeventuallysodegradedth