大學(xué)視聽(tīng)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)第4冊(cè)第六單元Section A

Unit6AsHisNameIs,SoIsHe!Twosentences:Overaverylargenumberoftrials,theprobabilityofanevent’soccurringisequaltotheprobabilitythatitwillnotoccur.在大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，某一事件發(fā)生的幾率等于它不發(fā)生的幾率。Mostsubstancecontractwhentheyfreezesothatthedensityofasubstance’ssolidishigherthanthedensityofitsliquid.大多數(shù)物質(zhì)遇冷收縮，所以他們的密度在固態(tài)時(shí)高于液態(tài)。MovierecommendationPhoneBooth狙擊電話(huà)亭AsHisNameIs,SoIsHe!

“as...so…”結(jié)構(gòu)在此用來(lái)表示相似或類(lèi)比“如...就像...”沙漠似海，駱駝似舟。Asthedesertislikeasea,soisthecamellikeaship.T1就像機(jī)器需要經(jīng)常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)一樣，身體也需要經(jīng)常鍛煉。(Just)asamachineneedsregularrunning,sodoesthebodyneedregularexercise.

P1391.Aswateristofish,(空氣對(duì)于人也一樣）.soisairtoman2.Asthelionisthekingofallanimals,(鷹也是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)之王）.soistheeaglethekingofallbirds3.AswineistoFrenchpeople,(啤酒對(duì)于英國(guó)人也一樣）.soisbeertotheBritish4.JustascoffeeistoWesterners,(茶對(duì)于中國(guó)人也一樣）.soisteatotheChinese5.JustastheFrenchlovetheirwine,(英國(guó)人一樣喜歡自己的啤酒）.sodotheEnglishlovetheirbeerPara.1feellike(doing)sth.

haveawishfor;want我不想喝茶。Idon'tfeellikeacupoftea.她覺(jué)得自己象個(gè)傻瓜一樣。Shefeltlikeafool.她被叫做黛比，一個(gè)和她的漂亮容貌和優(yōu)雅舉止不相匹配的名字。She’dbeenknownasDebbie–anamethatdidn’tsuithergoodlookandelegantmanner.我真的不想要黛比這個(gè)名字。Ijustdon’tfeellikeaDebbie.Para.2Oneday,whilefillingoutanapplicationform

forapublishingjob,theyoungwoman

impulsivelysubstitutedhermiddlename,

Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie.由“while”,“when”,“after”

等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用限定或非限定形式。例句中的“fillingout”為動(dòng)詞“fill”的非限定形式。例句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用限定形式改為:whileshewasfillingout…P139IX1.Whilewaitingatthedoctor's,Ireadanentireshortstory.2.Afterusingthebrush,putitinitsproperplace.3.Beforebeinginthearmy,hewasanengineer.4.Ideliberatelydidn'treadthebookbeforegoingtoseethefilm.5.Whenbuyinganewcar,itisbesttoseekexpertadvice.T2在美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，他學(xué)會(huì)了彈鋼琴。HelearnttoplaythepianowhilestudyingintheUnitedStates.fillout

1.getfatter她的兩頰變得豐滿(mǎn)了。Hercheekshavefilledout.2.toputin;我填表申請(qǐng)那個(gè)職位。Ifilledoutaformtoapplyforthatvacancy.substitute

①vt.toputorusesb./sth.toreplacesb./sth.

else;substituteAforB用A代替BBecauseoftheunexpectedinjuryoftheleadingplayer,thecoachhadtosubstitute

thereserveplayerforhim②vi.to

actorserveatareplacement在這種烹飪法里面可以用蜂蜜代替糖。Honeycansubstituteforsugarinthisrecipe.③n.personorthingthatreplaces,actsfor

orservesassb.orsth.那位教師生病了，因此今天由代課老師教課。Theteacher'sill,soasubstituteisteachingtoday.Oneday,while_______outanapplicationformforapublishingjob,theyoungwomanimpulsively__________hermiddlename,Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie.“ThatwasthesmartestthingI_______did,”shesaysnow.“AssoonasI_________callingmyselfDebbie,Ifeltmore___________withmyself…andotherpeoplestartedto______memoreseriously.”Twoyearsafterhersuccessfuljobinterview,the________waitressisnowasuccessfulmagazineeditor.Friendsand__________callherLynne.一天，在填寫(xiě)一份出版工作職位的申請(qǐng)表時(shí)，這名年輕女子一時(shí)沖動(dòng)，用她的中名琳替換了她的名字黛比。Oneday,whilefillingoutanapplicationformforapublishingjob,theyoungwomanimpulsivelysubstitutedhermiddlename,Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie.Para.3characteristic①adj.representative;representingaperson’s

orthing’susualcharacter六月的特點(diǎn)是雨天多。RainydaysarecharacteristicofJune. ②n.aspecialandeasilyrecognizedqualityofsb.orsth.基因決定了每一種生物的特征。Genesdeterminethecharacteristicsofeverylivingthing.美國(guó)人和加拿大人的性格特點(diǎn)有什么不同？WhatcharacteristicsseparateAmericans

fromCanadians?approvaln.

Ifsb.orsth.hasyourapproval,youlikeandadmirethem父親對(duì)兒子的所作所為表示贊同。Thefatherexpressedapprovalofwhatthesondid.disapprovaln.(of)oppositeto“approval”;thestateofhavingabadopinion(ofsb.orsth.).她對(duì)我們所做的事毫不掩飾地表示反對(duì)。Shemadenosecretofherdisapproval

ofwhatwehaddone.forbetterorworsewhateverhappens;eventherearedifficulties無(wú)論結(jié)果好壞，只要盡力了，就無(wú)怨無(wú)悔。Forbetterorworse,youwon’tfeelregretaslongasyouhavedoneeverythinginyourpower.事情已經(jīng)做了，不管結(jié)果如何,我們現(xiàn)在都沒(méi)法改變了。It'sbeendone,andforbetterorworse,wecan'tchangeitnow.T4真實(shí)情況是，不管是好是壞，隨著新科技的進(jìn)步，世界發(fā)生了變化。Therealityisthat,forbetterorworse,theworldhaschangedwiththeadvanceofnewtechnologies.reserve:n.1.thequalityofself-controlorrestraint他在談話(huà)時(shí)不再拘謹(jǐn)。Helosthisreservewhiletalking.2.(usu.pl.)sth.keptorsavedforlateruse他們賣(mài)掉了一半木材，其余的儲(chǔ)備下來(lái)過(guò)冬。Theysoldhalfthewoodandkepttherestinreserveforwinter.reserve:vt.1.keepsomethingforaparticularpurpose這些座位是留給老年人的。Theseseatsarereservedforoldpeople.2.arrangeforaplaceinahotel,restaurant,plane,etc.tobekeptforsomeonetouselater這是一部非常受歡迎的戲劇，提前預(yù)定位子將是明智之舉。Itisaverypopularplay,anditwouldbewisetoreverseseatsinadvance.conveyv.

to

communicateorexpresssth.,withorwithoutusingwordsColorslikeredconveyasenseofenergyandstrength.他的音樂(lè)表達(dá)了一種樂(lè)觀主義情緒。Hismusicconveysasenseofoptimism.一張好的照片總能比言語(yǔ)表達(dá)更多。Agoodphotographycanoftenconveyfarmorethanwords.Naturally,thenamechangedidn’t________Debbie/Lynne’sprofessionalachievement–butitsurelyhelped________byaddingabitofself-confidencetohertalents.Socialscientistssaythatwhatyou’recalledcan_______yourlife.Throughouthistory,nameshavenot_______identifiedpeoplebutalsodescribedthem.“Ashisnameis,so____he.”saystheBible,andWebster’sDictionaryincludesthefollowing_________ofname:“awordorwordsexpressingsomequality________characteristicordescriptiveofapersonorathing,oftenexpressingapprovalordisapproval”.Notewell“approvalordisapproval”.Forbetteror_________,qualitiessuchasfriendlinessor__________,plainnessor_________maybesuggestedbyyournameand_________tootherpeoplebeforetheyevenmeetyou.不管是好是壞，諸如友好或拘謹(jǐn)，相貌平平或漂亮嫵媚等特征已經(jīng)在你的名字中有所暗示，甚至他們?cè)谝?jiàn)到你本人之前就已經(jīng)知道你的這些特征了。Forbetterorworse,qualitiessuchasfriendlinessorreserve,plainnessorcharmmaybesuggestedbyyournameandconveyedtootherpeoplebeforetheyevenmeetyou.Para.4qualifyv.

to(make)havethenecessaryskills,knowledge,ability,etc.todosth.Peopleonlowincomesmayqualifyforaspecialheatingallowance(津貼).本培訓(xùn)課程將使你能勝任更好的工作。Thistrainingcoursewillqualifyyouforabetterjob.雖然你大學(xué)畢業(yè)了，英語(yǔ)本科文聘并不意味你有資格教英語(yǔ)。Althoughyouhavegraduatedfromuniversity,abachelor'sdegreeinEnglishdoesnotqualifyyoutoteachEnglish.refine:vt.1.makesomeonebecomemoreelegant教育能使人舉止優(yōu)雅。Educationcanrefinepeople'smanners.2.makeasubstancepureThepurposeofthisfactoryistorefinecrudeoil.這家工廠是提煉原油的。refined:adj.politeandseemingtobewell-educated優(yōu)雅的談吐文雅的舉止arefinedwayofspeakingrefinedmannersNamesbecome__________tospecificimages,asanyonewho’sbeencalled“aplainJane”or“justanaverageJoe”can_____.Thelattername_________bothersmesincemynameisJoe,whichsomethinkmakesmemore__________tobeabaseballplayer_________,say,anart________.然而，盡管由此局限，我確實(shí)曾一度設(shè)法成為了一名藝術(shù)品論家。Evenso,one________magazineconsistentlyrefusedto________“Joe”inmyby-line,_________myfirstinitials,J.S.,instead.我懷疑，假如我的名字是比較文雅的阿瑟或艾德里安的話(huà)，我的名字早已完整地出現(xiàn)在雜志上了。

Para.5turndownrefusetoconsider他的提議被拒絕了。Hisproposalwasturneddown.他想?yún)④?，但因?yàn)樯眢w不好被拒絕了。Hetriedtojointhearmybutwasturneddownbecauseofpoorhealth.T3令我們失望的是，他拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)。Toourdisappointment,eupto

comecloseto;toequal他向我走來(lái)，問(wèn)我現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)。HecameupandaskedmeifIknewthetime.你最近的工作和你慣常的高要求不同哦。Yourrecentworkhasn’tcomeuptoyourusualhighstandards.pressfor

tryinadeterminedwaytogetsomething記者們正逼著他作出解釋。Reportersarepressinghimforanexplanation.beillateaseuncomfortable;anxious,orworried我在陌生環(huán)境中總覺(jué)得不自在。Ialwaysfeelillateaseinastrangeenvironment.atone'sease給他一杯酒，讓他放松下來(lái)。Givehimadrinktoputhimathisease.我班里的大多數(shù)女生在被要求回答問(wèn)題時(shí)都似乎感到不自在。Mostofthefemalestudentsinmyclassappeartobeillateasewhen(theyare)requiredtoanswerquestions.當(dāng)然，有積極含義的名字對(duì)你是有好處的，甚至能促進(jìn)你結(jié)交新朋友。最新調(diào)查表明：美國(guó)男士認(rèn)為蘇珊是最有吸引力的女性名字，而女士則認(rèn)為理查德和戴維是最有吸引力的男性名字。OnewomanIknow________downa_____datewithaman_________Harrybecause“he_______dull”.Severaleveningslater,she___________meataparty,_______foranintroductiontoavery_________man;they’dbeen__________glancesallevening.“Oh,”Isaid.“YoumeanHarry.”Shewas__________.Para.6be/feelguiltyof

feelingunhappybecauseonethinksthathehasdonesth.wrong

Whoaretoblameforasharpincreaseintheteenagecrime?Families?Schools?Infact,thewholesocietyisguiltyofthistrend.面對(duì)劇增的青少年犯罪，該怪誰(shuí)？家庭？學(xué)校？事實(shí)上，整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)此都有罪責(zé)。stereotype:vt.havefixedunfairideasaboutatypeofpersonorthing教師嘗嘗對(duì)說(shuō)話(huà)帶有明顯地方口音的孩子有成見(jiàn)。Teachersoftenstereotypekidswhospeakwithstrongregionalaccents.我們不應(yīng)該對(duì)頑皮的學(xué)生抱有成見(jiàn)。Weshouldn'thavestereotypedopinionsaboutnaughtypupils.tosomeextent:

toacertaindegree

similarexpression:toalargeextent;toacertainextent在某種程度上那是我的錯(cuò)。Tosomeextent,thatwasmyfault.在很大程度上我同意你所說(shuō)的話(huà)。Iagreewithwhatyousaytoalargeextent.這篇文章在一定程度上反映了真實(shí)情況。Toacertainextent,jecton/onto:imaginesomeoneelseisfeelingthesamefeelingsasyou他們覺(jué)得我們與他們有同樣的夢(mèng)想，真是荒謬。Itisnotreasonablethattheyprojecttheirdreamsontous.takechargeof:takecontrolandbecomeresponsibleforsomeoneorsomethingT6當(dāng)?shù)卣?fù)責(zé)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的安全。Thelocalgovernmenttookchargeofthesecurityforthesportsmeeting.thoughtful:adj.

1.engagedinthought她一臉沉思的表情。Shehadathoughtfulexpressiononherface.2.showingcarefortheneedofothers你考慮得真周到，為我做了一切必要的安排。Itwasverythoughtfulofyoutomakeallthenecessaryarrangementsforme.Thoughmostofuswouldliketothinkourselves______fromsuchprejudicednotions,we’reall________ofthenamestereotyping___________.Often,we________name-basedstereotypesonpeople,asonewomanfrienddiscoveredwhiletaking_______ofanurseryschool’sgroupoffour-year-olds.ThereIwas,tryingtogetalittle____boynamedJuliantosit_____andreadabook–andpushingathoughtful_______namedRorytoplayball.Ihadtheirpersonalities____________becauseoftheirnames.Para.7award:

vt.givesomeonesomethingasarewardforwhattheyhavedone廠方給所有工人增加了5%的工資。Themanagementawardedallfactoryemployeesafivepercentpayincrease.

n.somethinggiventosomeoneasarewardforwhattheyhavedone他為國(guó)家做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)，獲得了最高獎(jiǎng)。Hewonthehighestawardforhisgreatcontributiontohiscountry.objective:adj.basedonfacts,ormakingadecisionthatisbasedonfacts法庭上陪審團(tuán)的裁決必須絕對(duì)客觀公正。Ajury'sdecisionincourtmustbeabsolutelyobjective.objectively:adv.basedonfacts他希望我能客觀地描寫(xiě)所發(fā)生的情況。HehopedthatIwouldwriteobjectivelyaboutwhathadhappened.object:n.1.物體，東西2.~ofdesire,study,attention對(duì)象3.宗旨，目標(biāo)，目的4.賓語(yǔ)

v.1.~（tosb/sth)~(todoingsth/tosbdoingsth)不同意objection:n1.~(tosth/todoingsth)~(that...)反對(duì)，異議objective:n.目標(biāo)，目的appealing:adj.attractive;inviting免費(fèi)度假的主意相當(dāng)誘人。Theideaofafreeholidayisratherappealing.線(xiàn)條柔和的汽車(chē)應(yīng)該對(duì)女性有吸引力。Carswithsoftsmoothshapesaresupposedtobeappealingtofemales.1.很明顯，這樣的偏見(jiàn)也會(huì)影響課堂成績(jī)。2.TeachersgaveconsistentlylowergradesonessaysapparentlywrittenbyboysnamedElmerandHubertthantheyawardedtothesamepaperswhenthewriters’namesweregivenasMichaelandDavid.3.教師的偏見(jiàn)不是造成課堂成績(jī)差別的唯一原因。4.女孩受同伴歡迎的程度也與她們的名字受歡迎的程度有關(guān)系。para.8bestuckwithbeunabletogetridof/goordoanythingfurther,esp.becauseof

difficulties我被這個(gè)問(wèn)題纏住了。Iamstuckwiththisproblem.我們不得不接待不期而至的親戚們。Wewerestuckwithrelativeswhocametostayunexpectedly.labeln.

apieceofpaper,givinginformationaboutit我先看標(biāo)簽上的說(shuō)明，然后決定買(mǎi)下它。Ireadtheinformationonthelabel,andthendecidedtobuyone.Thoughyourparentsprobably_________yournameto_____alifetime,rememberthatwhenthey_____itthey’dhardlymetyou,andthehopesanddreamsthey________whentheychooseitmaynot________yours.Ifyournamenolongerseemsto________you,don’t_________;youaren’t______withthe________.Moviestarsregularlychangetheirnames,andwithsome___________,youcan,too.Amini-testFillintheblankswiththefollowingwordsandphrases.As…,so…substitutecharacteristicapprovaldisapprovalbeillateasebeguiltyofto…extentlabelHeexpressedhis___________________ofwhattheyhaddone.2.Suchhonestyis___________ofhim.3.Theywere___________violencefordialogue.4.____youtreatme,____Ishalltreatyou.5.Attendingsuchaformalandmagnificentpartyforthefirsttime,shefeltsomewhat_________.6.Becausethereisno_____ontheluggage,wedon’tknowtowhomitbelongs.7.Ifeel_______aboutnothavingwrittentoyousooner.8._____________,wemustconfesst