四級作文訓練

四級作文講解

四級各類作文訓練一、議論文一．現象解釋型

此類作文在考試作文中最為常見。命題主要要求考生對某一社會現象進行解釋并加以評論。其基本結構是：首先說明現狀；其次闡述這種現狀產生或存在的原因；最后做出分析，提出建議或總結觀點。一）welearnthatnowadays_總述社會現象或社會事實_____,whichhasarousedthegreat/commonconcern.Whatimpressesusmostis_社會突出現象___.Therearemanyreasonsaccountingfor_現象或變化___.Firstofall,_原因一____.Whatismore,_原因二___.Forexample,_舉例說明原因二___.Inaddition,_原因三____.Therefore,總結原因導致的結果____.AsfarasIamconcerned,我的觀點.Foronething/ononehand,理由一.Foranother/ontheotherhand,理由二.Inbrief,段落總結句.二）．Accordingtothechart/graph/table/picture,itisclearthat圖表/畫內容總概括.Thechart/graph/table/pictureshow具體描述圖表/圖畫內容一，while具體描述圖表/圖畫內容二.Manyreasonscontributeto現象概括。Tobeginwith,原因一。進一步闡述原因一。Moreover,原因二。Inaddition,原因三。Asaresult,段落總結句。Astome,我的觀點/態(tài)度/建議。Firstofall,理由一。Besides,理由二。Toconclude,段落總結句。1.StudentUseofComputers.1.上圖所示為某校大學生平均每周使用計算機的時間:1990年（2hours）、1995年(4hours)、2002年(14hours)，請描述其變化；2.請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因（可從計算機的用途、價格或社會發(fā)展等方面加以說明）；3.你認為目前大學生在計算機使用中有什么困難或問題。StudentUseofComputersFromthechart,welearnthatnowadaysstudentuseofcomputershadgrownsharply,whichhasarousedthegreatestconcern.Whatimpressesusmostisthatin2000,collegestudentsaveragelyspent20hoursperweekoncomputer,whichismoretentimesthanthesizetenyearsago.Therearemanyreasonsaccountingforthisphenomenon.Firstofall,thedecreasingpriceofPCplaysanimportantpart.Whatismore,internetprovidesstudentsandamazingworldtoexplore.Forexample,peoplecanmakefriendsaroundtheworld.Inaddition,forstudents,thecomputercanbeagreathelptotheirstudy.Therefore,moreandmorestudentsdevotetheirtimetocomputers.AsfarasIamconcerned,therearesomeproblemsexistinginstudentuseofcomputers.Ononehand,lackofskillsfailsstudentstomakefulluseofthecomputer.Ontheotherhand,lackingnecessarydisciplines,somestudentsindulgeincomputergamesandnetworld,forgettingtheirmajortasksascollegestudents.Inbrief,Imayreasonablyconcludethatthereisstillalottodotohelpstudentsmakegooduseofcomputers.1.ThePopularityofWechat1．近年來“微信”越來越流行，許多人利用“微信”來表達心聲、交流想法，還有人利用微信做生意。2．微信流行的原因。3．我的看法。Someusefulexpressions:isveryconvenientforpeopletoexpress…releasetheirinnerstressrevealtheirheartfeltemotionsontheweichatreachtheinformationanytimewithmobilephoneofferin-timecomfortNetcitizen=netizenSomemistakes:Itisconvenientfornetizenstoexpres.wecanrevealingourfeelings.Reveal/letoutone'sprivacy/privateinformationnetcitizentoopenthewechatFirstofall,itisconvenientforpeopletoexpressthemselvesthroughmicro-blogging.What'smore,peoplecanreleasetheirinnerstress.Forexample,onecanexpresstheirdissatisfactionwhichcanonlyspeakonthenet.Therefore,peoplemayofferin-timecomfortthroughmicro-blogging.2.作文訓練：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteanessayonthetopicCrazeforCivilServiceExaminations.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:現在有越來越多的大學畢業(yè)生報考公務員；引起此現象的原因；你的看法。UsefulEhisincreasinglycompetitivesocietycompeteforonepostcompetition,competitive,competitor,acivilservantgraduate,undergraduate,postgraduateSomemistakes:Crazy,crazethereforgraduaterCompetition,competeforoneposition/postcompetitorservantnowdaystobeacivilserviceTheywillneverlostthejob.Graduatesfindworkveryhardandtobeaservantisagoodwork.Graduatesareveryhardtogetajob.Welearnthatnowdaysmoreandmoregraduatebecomecrazyforcivilserviceexaminationshasarousedthecommonconcern.Thetreatmentisverywell.Thecivilservanthasverywellmaterialbenefits.wellsalaryWhatimpressusmostisthat…Peopleshouldchoosethejobwhichyoulike.Weshouldchoosethejobwhichyoulike.Foronething,...Ontheotherhand,...Foronehand,...Fortheotherhand,...Foronething,..Foranotherhand,...Foronehand,...Ontheotherhand,...Theyusuallyneedtoworktootired.Theirwageislarge/big.OneExample:Fromthedailynews,welearnthatnowadaystherearemoreandmoregraduatesparticipatingincivilserviceexamination,whichhasarousethegreatconcern.Whatimpressesusmostisthattheamountofcompetorshasincreasedtosuchacrazyextentthatabout4000personscompetedwithonepositioninthelastfewyears.Therearemanyreasonsaccountingforthephenomenon.Firstofall,asyouknow,graduationmeansthatwelosethejob.What'smore,havingnotmeettheirdailydemand,thejobtheycouldfindgavethemlessincomethanordinaryworkers.Inaddition,forgraduates,theycanimprovetheirpresentconditionbymeansofbecomingacivilservice.AsfarasI'mconcerned,it'sclearthatthiskindofphenomenonisanextremelyterriblecycle.Ononehand,thedemandofpositionsingovernmentsystemislessthanthesupplyofgraduatesparticipatingincivilserviceexamination.Onetheotherhand,graduatesshouldseekothermethodstosolvetheproblemsaboutjob,liketobeapost-graduateorincreasingabilitythemselves.Inbrief,imayreasonablyconcludethatunder-graduatesshouldbegintoconsidertheirfuturebeforegraduating.二．對比選擇型基本方法為：闡述一種觀點或態(tài)度并表明這種觀點或態(tài)度正確的理由；闡述第二種（相對或相反的）觀點或態(tài)度并說明這種觀點或態(tài)度正確的理由；表明個人支持或反對以上觀點或態(tài)度，并說明原因。Forexample:TheFutureofOurWorld一些人對人類社會的未來持樂觀態(tài)度，因為…另一些人則持悲觀態(tài)度（如：污染、戰(zhàn)爭、自然災害等對人類的威脅…）我的看法一）．Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewson看法/問題。Somepeopleconsider一種看法/觀點.However,othersthinkthat另一種看法/觀點.Somepeoplemaysay觀點一的理由.Theyholdthisopinionbecause深入闡述觀點一的理由.However,othersbelieve觀點二的理由.Theyarguethat深入闡述觀點二的理由.Personally,Iaminfavor

ofthe我的觀點或看法.Firstly,個人看法的依據一.Secondly,個人看法的依據二.Mostimportantofall,個人看法的依據三.Takingabove-mentionedfactorsintoconsideration,Imayreasonablyconcludethat重申觀點。

二）．Thereisnocompleteagreementamongpeopleasto問題/事物.Somepeopleprefer一種看法/觀點.Otherstendto另一種看法/觀點.Astome,Iagreewith/tothefirst/secondone.

Ofcourse,我不贊同的觀點的合理性.For

example,支持其合理性的例子.But,我不贊同的觀點的不足.Thefollowingreasonscanaccountfor

mypreferencefor我贊同的觀點。

Themainreasonis支持觀點的理由一.Agoodexampletoillustrateis支持理由一的例子.Foranother,支持觀點的理由二.Inthelongrun,重申觀點。Oneexample:IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary?1.很多認為有必要舉行英語口語考試，理由是......2.也有人持不同意見，......3.我的看法和打算IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary?DifferentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonthenecessityofatestofspokenEnglish.Somepeopleconsiderthatitisnecessaryforcollegestudentstohavesuchatest.However,othersthinkthatitisuselesstoemphasizetheimportanceofspokenEnglish.SomepeoplemaysaythatatestofspokenEnglishisveryimportant.Theyholdthisopinionbecausetheymaintainthatsuchatestcanstimulatecollegestudentstohaveconversationpractice.However,othersbelievethattakingsuchatestisawasteoftime.Theyarguethatitisreading,translatingandwritingskillsthatreallymatter.Personally,Iaminfavoroftheformeropinion.Firstly,spokenEnglishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinglobalcommunication.Secondly,suchatestcanstrengthenstudents’awarenessoftheimportanceofspokenEnglish.Mostimportantofall,ifwecan’tspeakfluently,wewillnotachievetheultimatepurposeoflearningEnglish:tocommunicatewithforeigners.Toconclude,itisnecessaryforcollegestudentstotakeatestofspokenEnglish.1.TheFutureofOurWorld一些人對人類社會的未來持樂觀態(tài)度，因為…另一些人則持悲觀態(tài)度（如：污染、戰(zhàn)爭、自然災害等對人類的威脅…）我的看法Someusefulexpressionsoptimistic,pessimistichave/takepositiveornegativeattitudetowardsomethingSomenaturaldisasters:FukushimaofJapan,leakingofnuclearpower,NuclearPowerPlant,ahighlevelofradiationisdetectedSomemistakes:支持的第某種觀點與論述相矛盾鉛筆寫作文英語中沒有頓號不修改作文beoptimistic/pessimisticabouttheformer,thelattermordencreattechnique,technologyword,worldwiththedevelopingofsociety/scienceandtechnologybefacedwith=faceFacedthequestionofthefutureofourworlddestroy,damagethenatural'ssystem=theecologicalsystembesatisfiedwith,satisfactoryHumenbeingsiscreative.Theirlivingstandardisimprove.anwonderfulfutureTheymaymetsomeprobleminthefuture.Thenaturaldisatersistoooften.Peopleisbecomingmoreandmore...aseriesofsevereproblemOurlivingenvironmentwillnotchangedeasily.Ifwearenotprotectourenvironmentproperly,someday...TherearesomenaturaldisasterslikeTyphoon,Snowstorm,Tsunanmi,Earthquakeandsooncreaterisksformankind.Secondly,typhoonandsnowstormcanbeforecastednow.Wecouldgetreadyinadvance.Theyholdthisopinionbecausepeoplewillplantmoretrees,therewillbelesspollution.Ithinkmanhascreativepower,hecanestablishanicefuture.Somepeoplemaysaythatwehaveadvancedtechnology.Theyholdthisopinionbecausehumankindcandealwitheverythingthroughadvancetechnologyandhumankind'sintelligence.Somepeoplemaysaythehospitalscontinuetoimprovemedicalconditions,medicaltechnologyhasimproved.Theyholdthisopinionbecause...Somepeoplemaysaythatwiththedevelopingoftechnology,ourlivesbecomemoreandmoreconvenient.Theyholdthisopinionbecause...Goodexample:Personally,Iaminfavoroftheformeropinion.Firstly,manisnotonlyadwellerinnature,healsotransformsit.Secondly,associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,sothebadinfluenceofnaturebecomeslowerthanbefore.2.TravelAloneor

TravelwithaCompanion?1)有的人喜歡獨自旅行，認為（因為）…2)有的人喜歡與別人結伴而行，認為（因為）…3)你更喜歡哪種旅行方式，為什么SomeusefulexpressionsWhenitcomestotravelingway,…EhejourneysharecostsandpleasureoftravelingwithsomebodySomemistakes:toomanydotstravelalone,travelwithacompanionacompanymoresafedanger,dangerousthemselfThereasonsarethefollowing.Thereasonsareasfollows.Somepeoplemaysaytheyenjoymorefreedom.Theyholdthisopinionbecausehecangoanywhere...Astotravelingalone,peoplemaysaythatwecouldarrangeourtouraswewishes.Besides,wecouldenjoymorefreedombythistravelingway.However,thepeoplewholikestotravelwithacompanionthinksthatifwetakefriendsorotherpeopleforcompanywhentraveling,wecouldsharecostsandpleasureoftravelingwithsomebody.Also,bythisway,wecouldbemoresafewhentraveling.Somepeoplesticktotravelingwithcompanions.Intheiropinions,Firstly,Fromtheviewofsecurity,theymaymeetsomeproblemsordangerunforecastedwhenwecomeintoastrangeenvironment.Sowewillgethelpifwetravelwithcompanions,besides,wecansharecostsandpleasureoftravelingwithourcompanion.Somepeoplemaysaytravelalone,hecanenjoymorefreedom.Theyholdthisopinionbecausehecanarrangehistourashewishes,everythingisuponhimself.However,othersbelieve...Oneexample:

People'sopinionsvarywhenitcomestotravelingway.Somepeopleconsiderthattravelingaloneisagoodchoice,whileothersthinktotravelwithacompanion.

Thosewhotravelalonearguethattheycanarrangetheirtourastheirwishes.Theyalsofirmlybelievethattheycouldenjoymorefreedominthejourney.However,thosewhotravelwithacompanionthinkdifferently.Forthem,theycansharecostsandpleasureoftravelingwithothers.Moreover,takingtheirfriendsforcompanyisasafeandreliableway.

Personally,Iaminfavorofthelatteropinion.Firstly,wecantravelingtogetherwithourbelovedperson.Secondly,wecanhelpeachotherwhentravelwithacompanion.Mostimportantofall,itisasafeandreliablewayastheythink.Takingabove-mentionedfactorsintoconsideration,Imayreasonablyconcludethattravelingwithacompanionismoreappropriatethantravelingalone.2.OntheSpringFestivalGala1.許多人喜歡觀看中央臺的春節(jié)晚會；2.但有些人更喜歡地方臺的春晚和各個網絡春晚；3.我的看法。Someusefulexpressions:theSpringFestivalGalainvolveallkindsofprogramsCrosstalksandothercomicperformancesaddsupmorefunandexcitementlackoforiginalityitsdominantstatushaveastrongfeelingforcateringtothechangeoftheaudience’staste三．問題解決型此類作文要求考生從提示性文字或圖表入手，解釋提示性文字或圖表反映出的問題，提出問題的危害性或解決這一問題的緊迫性；然后對問題展開分析，提出解決問題的方案或應對措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度、做法等?；痉椒椋禾岢鰡栴}→分析問題→解決問題。

HowtoReduceCheatinginExams?1.學生作弊現象越來越嚴重2.作弊的原因3.如何杜絕作弊現象TrafficandPopulation1.交通問題已經成為大城市的主要問題之一。2.產生交通問題的原因。3.應采取措施解決這個問題。ReduceWasteonCampus1.有些大學校園浪費現象日益嚴重2.浪費的危害3.杜絕浪費,從我做起ProblemsFacedbySingleParentChildren1.單親家庭的普遍性2.單親家庭對孩子產生的危害性3.怎樣解決單親家庭的孩子面臨的問題OnlineShopping1.網上購物成為現代家庭購物的一種新方式，它給人們帶來了很多方便，同時也暴露出很多弊端2.我們應該如何把握這一新興的購物方式3.我的看法HowtoFightAgainstObesity?1.肥胖癥不但在發(fā)達國家盛行，在中國也很普遍2.如何擺脫肥胖癥的困擾3.我的看法一).Itiswell-knownthat相關背景，butnowadays總述不良現象或問題?，F象具體表現一。現象具體表現二。Itshouldbepaidattentiontothat該現象,

whichiscausinggreatharm/

whichiscausedformanyreasons.Ononehand,危害一/原因一。Ontheotherhand,危害二/原因二。Therefore,itishightimethat解決該問題。Firstofall,解決方法一。進一步闡述方法一。Secondly/Inaddition,解決方法二。Thirdly/Besides/Moreover,解決方法三。Onlyinthiswaycanwe解決問題。

二）.Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyabout現象事實。Itisobviousthat危害一/作用一。Additionally,危害二/作用二。Sohowto解決問題isworthpayingattentionto.Ononehand/Firstly,解決方法一。進一步闡述方法一。Ontheotherhand/Secondly,解決方法二。Forexample,支持該方法的例子。Inaddition/Thirdly,解決方法三。Infact,morethan….wayscanbeadopted.Asforme,我的思考或看法。Allinall,總結全文。HowtoReduceCheatinginExams?1.學生作弊現象越來越嚴重2.作弊的原因3.如何杜絕作弊現象HowtoReduceCheatinginExams?Itiswell-knownthatstudentsareaskedtoanswerallquestionsinexamsbythemselves,butnowadaysmoreandmorestudentstendtocheatinexams.Foronething,somestudentscopytheanswersfromothers.Foranother,someevenaskringerforhelp.Itshouldbepaidattentiontothatthisphenomenoniscausedformanyreasons.Ononehand,somestudentscheattopasstheexamorgethigherscores.Ontheotherhand,theyareundergreatpressurefromparentsandtheyfeartofailinexamsorfallbehindothers.Therefore,itishightimethatwetooksomemeasurestopreventthestudentsfromcheatinginexams.Firstofall,weshouldexplaintheharmofcheatingtothestudents.Itisobviousthateducationisaneffectiveway.Secondly,punishmentorpenaltyshouldbegiventothosewhohavebeenfoundcheating.Thirdly,lesspressurefrombothparentsandteachersshouldbeplacedonstudents.Onlyinthiswaycanwereducecheatinginexams.HowtoSolveHousingproblem

inBigCities住房越來越困難分析原因如何解決UsefulExpressionswiththedevelopmentofmodernindustryPeopleflowintosomewheresolutiontosolvetheproblembybuildingsatellitecitiesrelievetheburdenofhousingcomplicated,complexItshouldbepaidattentiontotheburdenofhousingwhichiscausinggreatharm.Itshouldbepaidattentiontothatphenomenoniscausinggreatharm.Peopleflowintosomewhere.BigCitiesSalvethesecondpatternItiswell-knowthatmoreandmorepeopleflowintobigcities.Therearemanyreasonsaccountforthisphenomenon.Therearesomanypeopleflowintobigcities.Therearemanyreasonsleadtothesituation/thisproblem.ItishightimethatpeopledidsomethingItishightimetodosomething.

所謂衛(wèi)星城市是指大城市管轄區(qū)范圍內與中心城市有一定距離,在生產、生活等方面,既有一定聯系,又按規(guī)劃建成自成體系的工業(yè)企業(yè)、住宅區(qū)和成套的生活服務設施,具有相對獨立和一定規(guī)模的城市。

現代衛(wèi)星城市就是地處大都市周邊，同大都市的中心城市有一定距離，具有一定數量人口規(guī)模，并且同大都市中心城區(qū)有著密切聯系的新興城鎮(zhèn)。確認是否能夠成為衛(wèi)星城市的關鍵是這些新興城鎮(zhèn)同特大城市中心城區(qū)聯系的密切程度，與該城鎮(zhèn)的人口規(guī)模以及與中心城市的交通距離無關。在城市建設中，衛(wèi)星城市常常作為母城發(fā)展規(guī)劃的一部分，職能主要是承擔母城的部分功能，限制母城的過分擴張。

四.觀點論證型此類作文往往要求考生根據題目給出論點，按照提綱的結構要求對其下論證，然后表明自己的立場和看法。通過擺事實、講道理的方式剖析事物，論述事理，發(fā)表意見，確立或否認某一主張?；痉椒椋悍治鲋黝}→得出結論→舉例論證→得出結論（證明觀點的正確性）。一).Itistruethat提出普遍存在地觀點.However,談不同地觀點.Ithink自己地觀點，即文章地論點.過度句，轉折到觀點地論證，由題目選擇具體的詞canbelistedasfollow.Firstofall,論證理由一.Secondly論證理由二.For

example舉例具體說明理由二.Thirdly,論證理由三.Acaseinpointis舉例說明理由三.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat提出執(zhí)行該觀點時應注意的事項.Thereisnodoubtthat得出結論.Inconclusion總結全文.

二).Somepeoplebelievethat直接提出本文的觀點.Thetruthisdeepandprofound.Asweknow,論證理由一.Inaddition,論證理由二.Therearenumerousexamplessupportingtheargument.Acaseinpointis舉例一具體論證.Thereisclosetosuggest觀點正確性.For

anotherexample引出并說明第二個例子.Moreover,闡述第三個例子.Allmentionedabovetellus重申論點.Butonethingwehavetonoticeisthat提出個人建議.Inaword,總結全文.ItPaystoBeHonest1.當前社會上存在許多不誠實的現象2.誠實利人利已，做人應該誠實ItPaystoBeHonestItistruethatmostofusvaluehonestyhighly.However,nowadaysweoftenconfrontconfidencecrisissuchascheating,overcharging,fakecommodities,etc.Ithinkthatweshouldbehonestbecausebeinghonestisnotonlythewholesociety.Thereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Firstly,onlyhonestpeoplecanbetrulyrespectedbytheothersandcanmakemorefriendsoveralongperiodoftime.Secondly,honesty,whichisthetraditionalvirtueoftheChinesepeople,canmakeourlifeeasierandmoreharmonious.For

example,consumerswillnotbeafraidofbeingoverchargedifdealersarehonest,andonthecontrarydealerscanwinmorecustomers.Thirdly,honestycanmakeoursociety.AcaseinpointisthatSingaporewhichisasocietyoftrustworthinessandintegrityhasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatbeinghonestyisofbenefittoboththesameandtheindividual.Thereisnodoubtthatweshouldfosterthespiritofhonesty.Inconclusion,layingstressonhonestywillbecomethepublicmoralsinoursociety.

ItPaystoBeHonestSomepeoplebelievethatmanydishonesties,suchascheating,overcharging,fakecommodities,etc.ruinournormallife,andtheymaintainthatbeinghonestisnotonlybeneficialtoothersbutalsotooneself.Thetruthisdeepandprofound.Asweknow,ifoneishonest,otherpeoplewilldeeplyrespecthimor

her,andarewillingtomakefriendswithhimor

her.Inaddition,beinghonestcanmakepeople’slifeeasierandmoreharmonious.Therearenumerousexamplessupportingtheargument.AcaseinpointisthatSingaporewhichisasocietyoftrustworthinessandintegrityhasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Thisisclosetosuggestthathonestycanmakeoursocietymorestable,andallpeoplecanliveapeacefullifethere.For

anotherexample,buyersusuallyliketomakeadealwiththedealerstheytrust.Moreover,thedealer,suchasTongrentangHerbalMedicineShopwhichrunsbusinesshonestlyismorelikelysurvivethefiercemarketcompetition.Allmentionedabovetellusthatitishightimethatwetookactiontofightagainstdishonesty.Butonethingwehavetonoticeisthatsometimesweneedwhiteliest