現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時

現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：already,recently,lately,yet,just,ever,never,before(單獨(dú)使用),sofar,upto

now,tillnow,over+段時間,inthelast/pastfewyears,for+段時間,since+過去時間點(diǎn)或從句。2.常搭配的時間狀語：肯定句：主語+have/has+done+其他否定句：主語+hasnot/havenot+done+其他疑問句：Have/Has+主語+done+其他?3.用法1)影響性：過去發(fā)生或已完成的某個動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這個影響或結(jié)果，一般不與過去時間連用，常同already,

just,

yet等狀語連用。I

have

just

turned

off

the

light.

2)持續(xù)性：表示開始于過去、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，并可能繼續(xù)下去（也可能不繼續(xù)下去），常同包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用如：thesedays，也同“for+段時間”或“since＋點(diǎn)時間或從句”連用。She

has

taught

in

the

school

for

ten

years.I

haven’t

eaten

anything

since

breakfast.

3）現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)性時常用for…和since…做時間狀語，此時句子謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.Hehasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.Hejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.我兩天前買的這本書。（buy-have）他是十年前去世的。（die-bedead）他兩年前參軍。They

have

______

since

the

factory

opened.

A.

left

the

school

B.

joined

the

team

C.

become

workers

D.

worked

here

用于現(xiàn)在完成時的常用句型：ItisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoZhuhai.It/This/Thatisthefirst/secondtimethat…It/This/Thatistheonly…＋that從句”或“It/This/Thatisthe＋形容詞最高級/序數(shù)詞…＋that從句ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.現(xiàn)在完成時在從句中，表示動作先于主句動作。Iknowallthatshehasdonetome.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：thismonth(week,year),thesedays,recently,lately,allthetime(morning,afternoon),in/overthepast/lastfew+段時間，since+時間點(diǎn)，for+段時間2.常搭配的時間狀語：肯定句：主語+have/has+beendoing+其他否定句：主語+hasnot/havenot+beendoing+其他疑問句：Have/Has+主語+beendoing+其他?3.用法1)過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，這一動作可能剛完成，也可能仍在進(jìn)行。Ithasbeenrainingfortwohours.2)現(xiàn)在完成時有時可以指“剛才”或“近來”(最近的過去)發(fā)生的動作，往往暗示這個動作對現(xiàn)狀的影響，和現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系，常含有一種因果關(guān)系。Annisverytired.Shehasbeenworkinghard.現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別1)現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作行為的結(jié)果、影響，而現(xiàn)在完

成進(jìn)行時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作行為本身。Tom’shandsareverydirty.Hehasbeenrepairingthecar.Thecarisgoingagainnow.Tomhasrepairedit.2)不用時間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示動作

仍在進(jìn)行，而現(xiàn)在完成時則表示動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。Thestudentshavebeenpreparingfortheexam.Thestudentshavepreparedfortheexam.3)有些表示狀態(tài)、感情、感覺的動詞如：have,exist,

like,hate,hear,know,sound等動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完

成進(jìn)行時，但可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時。They’veknowneachothersince1970.4)相對于現(xiàn)在完成時表示一次性，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時可

以表示動作的重復(fù)性。Ihavemethimatlibrary.Ihavebeenmeetinghimatthelibrary.5)在表示反復(fù)的動作時，現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)次數(shù)，而現(xiàn)

在完成進(jìn)行時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作持續(xù)的時間。提問分別用

howmanytimes和howlong---Howmanytimeshavedyouvisitedegyptthismonth?---Twice.---HowlonghaveyoubeenvisitingEgypt?---Fortwomonths.6)現(xiàn)在完成時通常只是陳述事實；而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時還可以表示一種感情色彩。Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.注意：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時不用于被動語態(tài)，若要用可用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey___what’shappenedtohim.

A.

knew

B.

haveknownC.mustknow

D.

willknowHarryportterisaverynicefilm.I___ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see

3.

I’m

glad

to

tell

you

that

we

_____

the

work

in

less

time

than

we

_____

expected

to.

A.

finished;

were

B.

have

finished;

are

C.

have

finished;

were

D.

had

finished;

were

4.

We

haven’t

heard

from

Jane

for

a

long

time.

What

do

you

suppose

_______

to

her?

A.

was

happening

B.

happens

C.

has

happened

D.

happened5.

Hello,

I

____

you

were

in

London.

How

long

______here?

A.

don’t

know;

were

you

B.

hadn’t

known;

are

you

C.

haven’t

known;

are

D.

didn’t

know;

have

you

been6.It

______

ten

years

since

they

______

to

France.

A.

hasbeen,

moved

B.

was,

have

moved

C.

is,

have

moved

D.

was,

moved7.---Where____thebook?I

can’t

see

it

anywhere.---I___it

right

here.

But

now

it’s

gone.A.

did

you

put;

put

B.

haveyouput;

put

C.

didyouput;

have

put

D.

haveyou

put;

have

put8.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI___sinceIcametothisschool.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.amattendingD.haveattended9.Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou___safe.A.arearrivingB.havearrivedC.hadarrivedD.willarrived

10.Hurryup!Theplay____fortenminutes.

A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began11.Excuseme,Marcia,areporterfromVanityFair____all

day.Couldyouspeaktohernow?.A.

phones

B.

hasphoned

C.

hasbeenphoning

D.

phoned12.---Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.---Yeah,it___usawholeweektogetthere.A.takesB.hastakenC.tookD.wastaking14.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_____homea