考研英語閱讀理解典型范文含譯文翻譯版spend

考研英語閱讀理解典型范文含譯文翻譯版Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoansocietylikeours?Toanswerthesequestionscorrectly,let/stakealookatthreetypesof"waits".TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemosttiringofall.Takefillingupthekitchensinkasanexample.Thereisnothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit'sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebraingetsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiressomerules.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareclearindetails."Bringthreecupsofwatertoboilzaddmix,simmer（燉）threeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes/'Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheprocessesstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.Turningone'slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresbeliefandhope,andisquiteusefulfortheoptimists（樂觀主義）amongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsassillyasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn#tcometodependonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou'restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyouzIIhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky；don'tbehopeless.You'reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.我曾在哪里讀到過，我們一生中有三分之一的時(shí)間都在等待。但我們?cè)谀睦锏却?，這對(duì)我們這樣的群體意味著什么?為了正確地回答這些問題，讓我們來看看三種類型的〃等待〃。最純粹的等待方式是"守望水的等待〃。毫無疑問，這是最令人厭倦的。以填滿廚房水槽為例。在這期間你什么也做不了，只能把兩只眼睛盯著水槽，直到它滿了。在這些等待過程中，大腦離開身體，四處游蕩，直到水溢出柜臺(tái)邊緣，流到你的襪子上。這樣的等待讓服務(wù)員很無助，也很盲目。跟〃守望水的等待〃的不相上下的是〃強(qiáng)迫等待〃。這需要一些規(guī)則。正確準(zhǔn)備包裝面湯需要強(qiáng)制等待。細(xì)節(jié)很明確。取三杯水燒開，加入混合料，小火煮三分鐘，熄火，靜置五分鐘。我懷疑是否有人真的嚴(yán)格遵循了流程。畢竟，〃強(qiáng)制等待〃需要耐心。也許最強(qiáng)大的等待類型是〃期待幸運(yùn)〃的等待。這種等待是不尋常的,因?yàn)樗诤艽蟪潭壬鲜亲栽傅?。不像?qiáng)制等待，這也是自愿的〃期待幸運(yùn)〃的等待不一定意味著它會(huì)發(fā)生。把人生變成一場(chǎng)等待的游戲需要信念和希望，這對(duì)我們當(dāng)中的樂觀主義者來說是非常有用的。從表面上看，這似乎和按照配方做湯一樣愚蠢，但是〃期待幸運(yùn)〃的等待很適合那些愿意這樣做的人。只要一個(gè)人不依賴它，希望一些好事發(fā)生不會(huì)傷害任何人。我們確實(shí)花了很多時(shí)間等待。下次當(dāng)你站在水槽邊等著水滿的時(shí)候，當(dāng)你正在做一份馬上要吃的面湯的時(shí)候，一大袋現(xiàn)金將從天而降，不要絕望。你可能和下一個(gè)人一樣忙。Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime（犯罪）.Inanother,workerswereshowntobe15%morewhentheirworkplaceswerebeautifiedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcomposition（成分）ofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdifferently,evenunusualusefulthingsthattheydo.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors（傳感器）printedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandiscoverharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacesomeofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（發(fā)光）inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Stranozsteamfoundthattheycouldcreateaweaklightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopthetechnologyandinventsomethingthatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant1slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwoulddisappeargraduallywhendaylightappeared.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityusedupintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonahighwayfaraway一alotofenergyislostduringsending.人與植物之間的聯(lián)系一直是科學(xué)研究的主題。最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了積極的影響。在俄亥俄州揚(yáng)斯敦的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市的綠色區(qū)域經(jīng)歷更少的犯罪。在另一項(xiàng)研究中，當(dāng)員工的工作場(chǎng)所用室內(nèi)植物美化時(shí)，他們的效率增加了15%。麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)的工程師們正在進(jìn)一步改變植物的實(shí)際成分，以讓它們有不同的功能，甚至能做一些很不尋常的事情。包括將傳感器印到植物的葉子上，用來顯示當(dāng)他們什么時(shí)候會(huì)缺少水份，另外一種植物還可以發(fā)現(xiàn)地下水中的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)化學(xué)工程教授邁克爾?斯特拉諾(MichaelStrano)解釋說：〃我們正在考慮如何讓植物取代我們?nèi)粘Ｊ褂玫囊恍〇|西?！ㄋ淖钚马?xiàng)目之一是在實(shí)驗(yàn)中用一些常見的蔬菜使植物發(fā)光。斯特拉諾的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們可以制造出持續(xù)三個(gè)半小時(shí)的弱光。這個(gè)光大約是閱讀所需光線的千分之一,這只是一個(gè)開始。斯特拉諾說,這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有一天可以用來照亮房間，甚至可以把樹木變成自動(dòng)供電的路燈。未來，該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望開發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，并發(fā)明一種可以一次性噴灑到植物葉片上的東西，這種東西可以持續(xù)植物的生命周期。工程師們還試圖開發(fā)一種開關(guān)，當(dāng)日光出現(xiàn)時(shí)，光線會(huì)逐漸消失。照明用電約占美國(guó)總用電的7%e由于照明通常遠(yuǎn)離電源——比如從發(fā)電廠到高速公路上的路燈的距離——在發(fā)送過程中會(huì)損失很多能量。Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime(犯罪).Inanother,workerswereshowntobe15%morewhentheirworkplaceswerebeautifiedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcomposition（成分）ofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdifferently,evenunusualusefulthingsthattheydo.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensors（傳感器）printedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandiscoverharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.〃We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacesomeofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,''explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（發(fā)光）inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateaweaklightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopthetechnologyandinventsomethingthatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant1slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff"switch”wheretheglowwoulddisappeargraduallywhendaylightappeared.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityusedupin