另外一個(gè)詳細(xì)答案解析沒(méi)事用不到-2001年

2001年攻讀入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試PartIClozeForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases1thetrialofRosemaryWest.Inasignificant2oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea3billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses4andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof5thatcanbegiventoacase6atrialbegins.InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselectcommittee,LordIrvinesaidhe7withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatselfregulationdidnot8sufficientcontrol.9ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda10ofmediawhenhesaidthe11ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges12toParliament.TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which13theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally14inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies.“Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands ourBritishjudges,”hesaid.Witnesspaymentsbecamean afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere tohavereceivedpaymentsforlingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Concernswere witnessesbeencouragedexaggeratetheirstoriesincourt guilty1.［A］as［B］for［C］in［D］such ［B］interpretation［C］exhibition 12.［A］betterthan［B］otherthan ［C］ratherthan ［D］soonerthan PartIIReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestionstherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)PassageSpecialisationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits，onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.Butspecialisationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelateddevelopmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthegrowingprofessionalisationofscientificactivity.Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Nevertheless,theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotationthatthe concernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunityand,inparticular,maynotfullyshareitsvalues.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,morecomplextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedworthwhileresearchintheirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshave eacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thewidergeologicalpicture.Amateurs,ontheotherhand,continuedtopursuelocalstudiesintheoldway.Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythewidespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.Asalogicalconsequenceofthisdevelopment,separatejournalshavenowappearedaimedmainlytowardseitherprofessionaloramateurreadership.Arathersimilarprocessofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.AlthoughtheprocessofprofessionalisationandspecialisationwasalreadywellunderwayinBritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.Insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthestructureofscience.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyinsciencessuchas [AJsociologyand [B]physicsand[C]sociologyand [D]physicsandWecaninferfromthepassagethat amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofprofessionalstend eamateursintothescientificamateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalTheauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologytodemonstrate theprocessofspecialisationandthehardshipofamateursinscientificthechangeofpoliciesinscientificthediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstThedirectreasonforspecialisationis thedevelopmentinthegrowthoftheexpansionofscientificthesplittingupofacademicPassageAgreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide-thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthatdividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethepositiveforcesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.TherearereasonstobeTherearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess-afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoreernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillhenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywaytodefeatAndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.ButithasenormousTotakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure（thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety）intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sSecondWaveinfrastructure-includingroads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon-werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain’sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyou’regoingtobe.Thatdoesn'tmeanlyingdownandingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.ButitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandinfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.Digitaldivideissomething gettingworsebecauseofthetherichcountriesareresponsibletheworldmustguardconsideredpositiveernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecauseit offerseconomiccanbringforeigncansoonwipeoutworldconnectspeopleallovertheThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicy providingfinancialsupportpreventingforeigncapital’sbuildingindustrialacceptingforeignItseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydepandsmuchon howwell-developeditiswhetheritisprejudicedagainstwhetheritadoptsAmerica’sindustrialhowmuchcontrolithasoverforeignPassageWhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-ysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofheadscratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardtemplates(patterns)intowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusionsnews.Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaderswhichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardtemplates”ofthenewsroomseemalienmanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddlesizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.ThenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesameRepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsincommunity.Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.WhatisthepassagemainlyneedsofthereadersalloverthecausesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutoriginsofthedecliningnewspaperaimsofajournalismcredibilityTheresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe quite [B]somewhat[C]very [D]ratherThebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesin working [B]conventional[C]world [D]educationalDespiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits failuretorealizeitsrealtendencytohireannoyinglikelinesstodoinaccurateprejudiceinmattersofraceandPassageTheworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitionseverwitnessed.TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworrying:"Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollablepetitiveforce?"There'snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmorepowerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradein1982.Todaythefigureismorethan25%andgrowingrapidly.Internationalaffiliatesaccountforafast-growingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheearly1990s,multinationalswentfrom43%toalmost70%oftheindustrialproductionofthe200largestfirms.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.IbelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Allthesearebeneficial,notdetrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,thewealthExamplesofbenefitsorcostsofthecurrentconcentrationwavearescanty.Yetitishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldre-createthesamethreatstocompetitionthatwerefearednearlyacenturyagointheU.S.,whentheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenup.Themergersofcompanies,suchas ,hardlyseemtobringhigherpricesforconsumersorareductioninthepaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingdownfast.Incars,too,concentrationisincreasing-witnessDaimlerandChrysler,RenaultandNissan-butitdoesnotappearthatconsumersarebeinghurt.Yetthefactremainsthatthemergermovementmustbewatched.Afewweeksago,AlanGreenspanwarnedagainstthemegamergersinthebankingindustry.Whoisgoingtosupervise,regulateandoperateaslenderoflastresortwiththegiganticbanksthatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromoneplacetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andshouldonecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof“defendingcompetition”onissuesthataffectmanyothernations,asintheUS.vs.case?Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestotakeinmoreforeign [B]toinvestmore[C]tocombineand ebigger. [D]totradewithmoreAccordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingforcesbehindM&Awaveis thegreatercustomer [B]asurplussupplyforthe[C]agrowingproductivity. [D]theincreaseoftheworld'sFromparagraph4wecaninferthat theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtservesasagoodexampleofbothbenefitsandthecostsoftheglobalizationprocessaretheStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedTowardthenewbusinesswave,thewriter'sattitudecanhesaidtobe [B][C] [D]PassageWhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethatImighteapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.Curiously,sometwo-and-a-halfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”,preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.Ihavediscovered,asperhapsKelseywillafterhermuch-publicizedresignationfromtheeditorshipofSheafterabuild-upofstress,thatabandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife”,andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12-hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofofficepoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.InAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisawell-establishedtrend.Downshifting-alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanticonsumerism.Thereareanumberofbestsellingdownshiftingself-helpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives;therearenewsletter's,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheircling-filmtomakingtheirownsoap;thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid-'90sequivalentofdropout.WhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomic—afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate’80s——andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddle-classdownshiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereurgedtokeepjugglingthroughthe’80s,downshiftinginthemid-'90sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgoodlife——growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturninginto—asaalrecognitionofyourWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraphFull-timeemploymentisanewinternationalThewriterwascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveher“Alateralmove”meansstepoutoffull-timeThewriterwasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherThewriter’sexperimentshowsthatdownshifting enableshertorealizeherhelpshermoldanewphilosophyofpromptshertoabandonherhighsocialleadshertoacceptthedoctrineofShe“Jugglingone’slife”probablymeanslivingalifecharacterized non-materialistic [B]abitof[C]extreme [D]anti-Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresultthequickpaceofmodernlife [B]man’sadventurous[C]man’ssearchformythical [D]theeconomicPartIIIEnglish-ChineseReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15Inlessthan30years’timetheStarTrekholodeckwillbeareality.Directlinksbetweenthebrain’snervoussystemandacomputerwillalsocreatefullsensoryvirtualenvironments,allowingvirtualvacationslikethoseinthefilmTotalRecall.41）Therewillbeevisionchatshowshostedbyrobots,andcarswithpollutionmonitorsthatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend.42）Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwith alitychips,computerswithin-builtalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmellevision,anddigitalagewillhaveAccordingtoBT’sfuturologist,IanPearson,theseareamongthedevelopmentsscheduledforthefirstfewdecadesofthenewmillennium（aperiodof1,000years）,whenputerswilldramaticallyaccelerateprogressinallareasoflife.43）Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecanexpecthundredsofkeybreakthroughsanddiscoveriestotakeplace.Someofthebiggestdevelopmentswillbeinmedicine,includinganextendedlifeexpectancyanddozensofartificialorganscomingintousebetweennowand2040.Pearsonalsopredictsabreakthroughincomputer-humanlinks.“Bylinkingdirectlytoournervoussystem,computerscouldpickupwhatwefeeland,hopefully,simulatefeelingtoosothatwecanstarttodevelopfullsensoryenvironments,ratherliketheholidaysinTotalRecallortheStarTrekholodeck,”hesays.44）Butthat,Pearsonpointsout,isonlythestartofman-machineintegration:“ItwillbethebeginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimayleadtoafullyelectronichumanbeforetheendofthenextThroughhisresearch,Pearsonisabletoputdatestomostofthebreakthroughsthatcanbepredicted.However,therearestillnoforecastsforwhenfaster-than-lighttravelwillbeavailable,orwhenhumancloningwillbeperfected,orwhentimetravelwillbepossible.Buthedoesexpectsocialproblemsasaresultoftechnologicaladvances.Aboominneighborhoodsurveillancecameraswill,forexample,causeproblemsin2010,whilethearrivalofsyntheticlifelikerobotswillmeanpeoplemaynotbeabletodistinguishbetweentheirhumanfriendsandthedroids.45）Andhomeapplianceswillalsoesosmartthatcontrollingandoperatingthemwillresultinthebreakoutofanewpsychologicaldisorder—kitchenSectionV46.Amongalltheworthyfeelingsofmankind,loveisprobablythenoblest,buteveryonehashis/herownunderstandingofit.Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyontheissueinanewspaper.Writeanessaytothenewspaperto1）showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthepicturebelow.2）giveaspecificexample,and3）giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytoshow第一部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)應(yīng)運(yùn)試題解、、本文是一篇性的文章，介紹了自露絲瑪莉·韋斯特發(fā)生后，各方面對(duì)于付款給證人的反應(yīng)。文章第一段介紹了的反應(yīng)：要報(bào)界買(mǎi)斷證人、、[A]asto關(guān)于，至 [B]forinstance舉inparticular特別 [D]suchas例[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯關(guān)系West之間的關(guān)系前者泛“一些著名的后者是一個(gè)具體的“對(duì)露絲瑪莉韋斯特的審判可見(jiàn)兩者是例證關(guān)系因此所填入的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)是一個(gè)表“例如“像……astoinparticular。forinstance（forexample）可instance,themovementwasgrowingbyleapsandbounds.（比如在芝加哥，運(yùn)動(dòng)正在Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapers（要報(bào)界付錢(qián)給證人，現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)seekingtobuyup...RosemaryWestnewspapers，意為“試圖收買(mǎi)涉及一些要案證人的報(bào)紙過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)involvedin也是后置定語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾people。整個(gè)句子的含[A]tightening[B]intensifying[C]focusing集 [D]fastening扣緊，扎[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析首先排除focusfasten，focus把注意力等集中在Youmusttrytofocusyourmindonworkandstudy.（你應(yīng)該努力把思想集中在工作和學(xué)習(xí)上）文章第一段只提control：Thepresshasintensifieditsscrutinyofthecandidate’sbackground.（界已加強(qiáng)了對(duì)侯選人的背景只有tighten與legalcontrol知識(shí)常與control構(gòu)成的搭配還有：gain/take/lose/seize～of，have/hold～over,offer～，setup～。[A]sketch略圖，草稿，梗 [B]rough概略的，不完善、未完成[C]preliminary初步的，預(yù)備 [D]draft草稿，草案，草[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：固定搭配billdraftbill（提交議會(huì)討論的）bill于“初步的，不完整的，簡(jiǎn)略的”的含義，sketchsketchmap（略圖、示意圖roughpreliminaryapreliminaryexamination（初試。[A]illogical不符合邏輯 [B]illegal [D]improper不適當(dāng)?shù)?，不正確[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：形容詞詞義辨析空格所在部分是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句thatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses4，修飾先行詞bill，說(shuō)明是怎樣一種法案。其中從句的賓語(yǔ)是一個(gè)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)makingpaymenttowitness4使給證人支付的行為…，解此題時(shí)，考生文章第一句提到“要報(bào)界收買(mǎi)一些要案的證人的舉動(dòng)，第二段首句緊接著提官的行為應(yīng)該是一致的那么官提出法律草案的目的也是報(bào)界收買(mǎi)證人的做法。illegalillogical合邏輯，如：Sometimesillogicalbehaviorsmayresultinagreatinvention.（有時(shí)improbablethatshewillgo.（她不大可能會(huì)走；improper弱，如：anactimpropertotheoccasion（不合時(shí)宜的行為。[A]publicity公開(kāi)，公諸于 [B]penalty處罰，罰[C]popularity普遍，流 [D]peculiarity特性，怪[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯語(yǔ)義搭配空格所在部分是：abillthatwillpropose…andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof_5thatcanbegiventoacase。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，空格處填入的名詞，既是controlthatgivesth.toacaseA.publicity，givepublicitytosth.（宣揚(yáng)/公布控制的公開(kāi)程度。詞匯補(bǔ)充：thepenaltyforspeeding（超速罰款；enjoy／wingeneral（受歡迎；Oneofthepeculiaritiesofhisbehavioristhatheshoutsinsteadof[A]since自…以后，自…以 [B]if如果，要是，即[C]before在…之前 [D]as當(dāng)…之時(shí)，與…一[答案][本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：邏輯推理本題需要考生判斷空格處應(yīng)填入什么連詞來(lái)連接這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作“嚴(yán)格限制的公開(kāi)程度”和“審判開(kāi)始。根據(jù)上下文邏輯推理，之所以要報(bào)界付錢(qián)給的證人，是公正不能因?yàn)檫@些觀點(diǎn)影響的因此要嚴(yán)格控制的應(yīng)該是在開(kāi)“之前[A]sided(with)與()站在同一邊，同意的觀shared(with)complied(with)agreed(with)[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義辨析withsth.with后面的賓語(yǔ)acommitteereport（的報(bào)告）搭配。先排除選項(xiàng)B和C，因?yàn)槲覀儾荒芾溲a(bǔ)充：Hesharedthestorywithus.（他給我們講了這個(gè)故事；Thepatientcompliedwiththephysician’sorders.（遵從醫(yī)生的囑咐。[A]present[B]offermanifest[D]indicate[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析批評(píng)報(bào)界收買(mǎi)證人，隨意公開(kāi)的情況，自我約束力度不夠。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，manifest和控。presentThecommitteeispresentingitsinvestigationreportnextweek.（將于下星期提出報(bào)告。例句補(bǔ)充：Hedoesn’tmanifestmuchinterestinhisstudies.（他對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)沒(méi)多大；Thesymptomsindicateimmediatesurgery.（癥狀表明需要立即做外科手術(shù)。[A]Release釋放，放 [B]Publication，公之于[C]Printing印刷，打印，[D]Exposure，[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：名詞詞義辨析表，發(fā)布”的意思，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是經(jīng)過(guò)努力才得以，多用于消息（發(fā)布、影片或者書(shū)籍（若用printing表示“兩天后把信打印出來(lái)”顯然不對(duì)；exposure多指“或一些不好的事情，如違法或行為，如：exposureofgraftinthe[A]（a）stormof)（感情或激動(dòng)）的爆發(fā)；一陣[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：名詞詞義辨析空格所在部分是：LordIrvinecauseda10ofmedia，這里描述了的程度。從結(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)看，填入的名詞應(yīng)與“media”搭配。從文意來(lái)看，其含義應(yīng)是（引起了）一片（的。storm可以與a…of的形式搭配，表示“一陣猛烈的情感爆發(fā)或一陣，如：astormoftears（淚如雨下，astormof（一ragearage，如：beinarage，flewintoarage（勃然大怒flarea…of搭配一陣怒氣media，a；flash，a因此用astormof修飾media形象地描繪了的激烈程度。[A]translation[B]interpretation[C]exhibition[Ddemonstration[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：名詞詞義辨析theinterpretationofprivacycontrolstranslation和interpretation及各自的動(dòng)詞形式都是近義詞，可以表示“翻譯“解釋、闡釋?zhuān)ㄕZ(yǔ)言以外的東西translate，interpret，相當(dāng)于explain，如：HowcanIinterpretedhisbehavior?（我怎么解釋他的行為。[A]betterthan好過(guò)，勝 [B]otherthan不同于；除[C]ratherthan[D]soonerthan[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：介詞短語(yǔ)辨析本題空格前后連接的是兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)（left）tojudges（留給）與（left）toParliament（留給國(guó)會(huì)interpretationofprivatecontrols，顯排除betterthansoonerthan，前者表達(dá)程度比較，后者反映速度比較。otherthan表“會(huì)”本身就是客觀事實(shí)，不至于會(huì)引起的一片，因此可推知ratherthan最恰當(dāng)，Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.（這雙鞋子是舒服而不是好看。文中意思為“把隱私控制的解釋權(quán)留給而不留給國(guó)會(huì)。[A]changes改變，，改 [B]makes制造，安排，使（成為[C]sets致使，使（）做某事 [D]turns（使）轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，翻轉(zhuǎn)（使）變質(zhì)[答案]B[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞用法whichwhichtheHumanRightsBill。從本題和下一題的選項(xiàng)可看出兩個(gè)空格應(yīng)分別填入動(dòng)詞和形make常接形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如：madeherpositionclear（使地位化；setsettheboyright（糾正孩子的錯(cuò)誤，agoodrestwillsetyouright（休息將使你的精神得到恢復(fù)，settheprisonersfree（把犯釋放出來(lái)，setyourhatstraight（把…[A]binding有約束力 [B]convincing具有說(shuō)服力[C]restraining[D]sustaining[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：形容詞詞義辨析ConventiononHumanRightslegally14。其次根據(jù)上下文，theHumanRightsBill…laiddownthateverybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies（法案規(guī)定每一個(gè)人都…隱私權(quán)，公眾人物可以走上去保護(hù)自己和他們的家人，因此從《法案》的具體內(nèi)（bindingA[A]authorized被[B]credited把…歸于，認(rèn)為屬于[C]entitled有資格，能勝任[D]qualified…，有資格[答案][本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：to空格所在部分的搭配是be+過(guò)去分詞+tosth.，其中to是介詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，be……，wasauthorizedbyherpartnertonegotiatewiththedealer.（她與經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商談判；becreditedtosth.意為“把…歸于或某物，認(rèn)為屬于……，如：Superpowersarecreditedtothebigstone.（人們認(rèn)為這塊大石頭有超能，該詞組雖……（他領(lǐng)取[A]with和，帶著，以…方式，由…負(fù) [B]to向，直到，靠著…，伴[C]from從…（時(shí)間，離開(kāi)，因 [D]by在附近，經(jīng)，依據(jù)，通[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：介詞的用法insafehands（安然無(wú)恙）Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands16ourBritishjudges（由掌握將安然無(wú)恙介詞中只有with可表達(dá)“由…掌握，由…負(fù)責(zé)”的含義，例句：Ishallleavethechildwithyou.（我將把這孩子交給你。[A]impact沖撞，沖擊，影 [B]incident事件，事[C]inference推斷，結(jié) [D]issue問(wèn)題，爭(zhēng)論[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：名詞詞義辨析，WestthetrialofRosemaryWest響很大和都要嚴(yán)格控制報(bào)界付款給證人的行為。由此可以推斷出付款給證人的做法應(yīng)該成為頗有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題（issue，而不只是一個(gè)事件（incident，或推斷，（inferenc（impacthave/makeagreatimpactonsth.，例句：Thisbookhadagreatimpactonits[A]stated陳述，表 [B]remarked陳述，發(fā)言，評(píng)[C]said [D]told告[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞用法辨析Upto19witnesseswere18tohavereceivedpayments，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是語(yǔ)態(tài)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：be+過(guò)去分詞+tohavedonesth.。適用這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的只有said和told，但betoldtohavedonesth.意為“知做過(guò)某事不符合句意。正C，besaidtohavedonesth19個(gè)證人因向報(bào)社講述他們的故事而獲得。[A]what關(guān)系代 [B]when關(guān)系副which關(guān)系代 [D]that關(guān)系代[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：同位語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞系代詞只有that。注意：同位語(yǔ)從句本來(lái)應(yīng)該直接跟在先行詞concerns后面，但因?yàn)閺木鋍oncusio（deiio（doub（eviencefac（hop（ide（new（，proble（rumo（suggestio（trut（[A]assure[Bconfide[C]ensure[D]guarantee[[本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析（guiltyverdicts可以向您保證它的質(zhì)量。confide接sth.時(shí)，意為“吐露（托付如：Heconfided，confideensure根據(jù)文意，證人的目的就是想確保讓得到定罪，因此ensure最符合句意。，為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)報(bào)界的法律控制官埃爾溫勛爵將要提出一個(gè)法案的草案。這一法案將，洲中所包含的關(guān)于隱私權(quán)的控制的解釋權(quán)將留給而不是國(guó)會(huì)時(shí)他的這一作法遭到了的一片。兩天后，這封信便公布于眾。“由掌握將安然無(wú)恙，他說(shuō)道自韋斯特在1995年被十項(xiàng)后，給證人付的做法就成了頗有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)為了確保給定罪，可能會(huì)被慫恿在上夸大事實(shí)。第三部分閱讀理解試題解19Thegrowthofspecialisationin 21.19世紀(jì)專(zhuān)業(yè)化的發(fā)展 19thcenturymightbemoreclearly insciencessuchas sociologyand [A]physicsand [B]sociologyand [C]physicsand [D]［答案［解析］本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題+“19這使得非專(zhuān)業(yè)研究人員越來(lái)越大的這個(gè)趨勢(shì)在以數(shù)學(xué)訓(xùn)練或訓(xùn)練為基礎(chǔ)的，物理學(xué)、化學(xué)與地質(zhì)學(xué)都是以數(shù)學(xué)和培訓(xùn)為基礎(chǔ)的科學(xué)，而社會(huì)學(xué)和心理學(xué)則DWecaninferfromthepassagethat .22．從文中，我們可以推斷 thereislittledistinctionbetween specialisationandamateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasof professionalstendto eamateurs intothescientific amateurshavenationalacademicsocieties[Ｄ]非專(zhuān)業(yè)研究人員擁有性的學(xué)butnolocal ［答案“文章第一段最后兩“專(zhuān)業(yè)僅僅是科學(xué)內(nèi)影響交流過(guò)程的系列相關(guān)學(xué)因而排除A項(xiàng)二段最一句專(zhuān)業(yè)的發(fā)展業(yè)余研者的進(jìn)入帶來(lái)了，這種勢(shì)在某些科領(lǐng)域尤為突其暗含的意思是在外一些領(lǐng)域?qū)I(yè)B或者以另在圍內(nèi)聯(lián)”不符?！癟heauthorwritesofthedevelopment23．作者提到地質(zhì)學(xué)發(fā)展的目的是為了ofgeologytodemonstrate. theprocessofspecialisation thehardshipofamateurs scientificthechangeofpoliciesinscientific[Ｃ]科技物方針的變thediscriminationof against［答案同研究方式業(yè)余人員在專(zhuān)業(yè)上的及專(zhuān)業(yè)和業(yè)余兩種不同的和學(xué)會(huì)的形成。可見(jiàn)，作者舉例的目的是描述職業(yè)化和專(zhuān)業(yè)化形成的過(guò)程，AB選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)都是第三段提到的職業(yè)化和專(zhuān)業(yè)化發(fā)展過(guò)程中的具體表現(xiàn)，并不是例子旨在說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題。DThedirectreasonforspecialisationis24..［A］thedevelopmentin ［B］thegrowthof ［C］theexpansionofscientific ［D］thesplittingupofacademicsocieties[Ｄ]學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體的［答案第一段第一句“專(zhuān)業(yè)化過(guò)程可以看作是對(duì)科學(xué)知識(shí)不斷積累問(wèn)題的反映，其中responseto題干directreason因此C選項(xiàng)正確。文中A受專(zhuān)業(yè)化過(guò)程影（一段末句