定語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

定語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)定語(yǔ)從句TheAttributiveClauses2Adjective:thegreenteamPrepositionalphrase:theteamingreenAttributiveclause:

theteamwhowerewearinggreen3I.定義：

在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girl

that/who/whomweweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool?7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.4I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.5I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.6I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.7I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.8I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.9I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)Thegirl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool?

7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.10I.定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)The

girlthat/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.11Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)Thegirl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞，在例一中的man就是先行詞。12Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)Thegirl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepenthat/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞，在例一中的man就是先行詞。131)Doyouknowtheman

who/that

isstandingoverthere?2)Thegirl

that/who/whom

weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Didyouseethepen

that/whichIlostyesterday?4)Hetoldmethedatewhen/onwhichhejoinedtheLeague.5)Theplacewhere/inwhichhelivesisfarawayfromhere.6)Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichyouarelateforschool.7)Whoisthepersonwhosehandwritingisthebestofyou?8)Thebookthat/whichisabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞，在例一中的man就是先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞除用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句外，還代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的語(yǔ)法成分。作主語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)；表語(yǔ)；定語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)等。14關(guān)系代詞15先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s

=whose關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格16Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系17Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)themachineamachine18Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)amachinethat/which19關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:TheladyisGreen.Wesawheryesterday.

herThelady

wesawyesterdayisGreenWho/that20主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)that/whothat/who(m)whosethat/which關(guān)系代詞的用法小結(jié)whose指人的關(guān)系代詞指物的關(guān)系代詞可省略主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)that/which可省略主謂一致主謂一致21關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí)1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.

4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.

5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.

Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.Thefriendwho/that

hecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeoplethat/whotheysmokealot.22Ⅰ.用下列關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whomandwhose填空。1.That'sthekindwoman___________takescareofthechildren.2.Thenurseisspeakingtothewoman_______daughterisbadlyill.3.Thetrees__________weplantedfiveyearsagohavegrownverybig.4.Theywalkeduptoahouse__________hadareddoor.5.Doyouworkinthebuilding________colorisyellow?6.Heisnottheperson______________Iamlookingfor.7.He___________doesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.

that/whowhosewhosethat/whichthat/whichthat/who/whomthat/who23難用的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose

=thestudent’s關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格24whose

在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示引導(dǎo)詞與whose后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。

whose多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與ofwhich互換使用。Thisisthebook

whose

cover

isblue.=Thisisthebook

ofwhich

thecover

isblue.=Thisisthebook

thecoverofwhich

isblue.25Thebossofthecompany,whosenamewasMrLittle,toldthestoryaboutMsKing.ThebossofthecompanytoldthestoryaboutMsKing.HisnamewasMrLittle.HisThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.Thebosshadheardabouttheaccident.MrKingworkedinhisdepartment.his26Thisisthegirl.Thegirl’swalletislost.Thisisthegirlwhosewalletislost.Givemethebook.Thebook’scoverisred.=Thecoverofthebookisred.Givemethebookwhosecoverisred.Givemethebook,thecoverofwhichisred.=Givemethebook,ofwhichthecoverisred.27難用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken28whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。表示所屬關(guān)系。Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose29只用that情況30關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但下列情況只用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.that

thatthat

that1.先行詞是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。31I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wehavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.

that

that

that

that2.先行詞被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。32Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity

_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.

thatthatthat3.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。Thisisthefirst/second/lastbook(that)hehasread.33Thefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat4.先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that.345.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)，或先行詞指物且在主句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.Myhometownisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.Hedidn’tbecomethekindofpersonthathisfatherwantedhimtobe.Itisasongthatisverypopular.It’sabookthatwillhelpyoualot.35Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?

that

that做先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。Welldone!36

不管先行詞是人還是物,只用that的兩種情況:Whichisthesubject(that)youaregoingtolearnnextterm?Whoisthemanthatcametoseeyoujustnow?2.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)：

Heisnolongertheman(that)heusedtobe.1.由which和who開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句中避免重復(fù)37在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用which做關(guān)系代詞的情況在介詞后面38下列情況只能用whichHisdog,whichwasveryoldnow,becameillanddied.Whichisthecar,theownerofwhichyouknow?1.非限定性的定語(yǔ)從句2.介詞后面39用which（who，whom)的情況Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。40Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。41One

whohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.TheoneswhoareoftenlateshouldbepunishedDon’ttellanyoneaboutthenewswhooughtn’ttoknowit.Anyone

whofailstofinishthetaskgivenshouldbecriticized.Anyonewhobreaksthelawispunished.1.先行詞是one/ones/anyone時(shí)要用who在下列情況指人只能用who而不用that42Thosewhobreakthelawarepunished.Those

whowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.HewhohasnotbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.He

wholaughslastlaughsbest.He

whobreaksthelawispunished.2.先行詞為those,he時(shí)用“who”而不用“that”.

431.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Which