三大從句考點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)

三大從句考點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)三大從句考點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)/15從句一、句子的種類英語句子按結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：簡單句：只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，包括五種基本句型1）主語+謂語；2）主語+謂語+賓語；3）主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語；4）主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語；5）主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)語注意：非謂語做狀語，也屬于簡單句，后面句子前不能出現(xiàn)連詞。并列句：并列句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連接而成。并列句中的各簡單句意義同等重要，相互之間沒有從屬關(guān)系，是平行并列的關(guān)系。它們之間用連詞連結(jié)。句型：主謂結(jié)構(gòu)+并列連詞（and,but,so,or……）+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)（或更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）注意:并列句連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句，短語和句子不能連接。3?復(fù)合句：由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成。句型：引導(dǎo)詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)+主謂結(jié)構(gòu);或主謂結(jié)構(gòu)+引導(dǎo)詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)（從句） （主句） 主句從句主句是全句的主體，通?？梢元?dú)立存在；從句則是一個(gè)句子成分,不能獨(dú)立存在。從句不能單獨(dú)成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分,就像一個(gè)句子一樣。所不同在于，從句須由一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)。從句包括名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）、定語從句和狀語從句。二、需要注意的問題句子原則：一個(gè)句子只能有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語是唯一的,謂語由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成，如果出現(xiàn)更多動(dòng)詞：加連詞（and/but/so...）,變成并列謂語或并列句加上引導(dǎo)詞變成從句變?yōu)榉侵^語動(dòng)詞英語句子和漢語句子的對(duì)比1） 英語句子的特點(diǎn)之一是重“形合”，句子的各個(gè)部分要由各種連詞、關(guān)系詞等連接起來;而漢語句子是重“意合”，句子前后連接主要是通過上下文的邏輯意義來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，連接詞的使用遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于英語，由于這一特點(diǎn)，很多學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)往往忘了使用連接詞，造成諸多病句。2） 在漢語中逗號(hào)可以直接連接句子，但是在英語中，句子之間連接除了逗號(hào)外，還要借助連詞。連詞主要有兩類，即并列連詞和從屬連詞，并列連詞在句中連接并列句，從屬連詞主要引導(dǎo)從句的。有一種情況可以不用連詞只用逗號(hào)連接，那就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。3） 漢語句子中，兩個(gè)連詞可以同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中，但是在英語中，從屬連詞和并列連詞不能在一個(gè)句子中同時(shí)使用，只能用一個(gè)。改錯(cuò)：Eg-1)Iamtired,Imustgotobed.Hehastwosons,bothofthemareteachers.ThewomantalkedtoyoujustnowisourEnglishteacher.TherearemanystudentsstudyintheclassroomTheboyrantohismothercry.Afterwritethenotice,heputituponthewall?Apersonhasnotenoughfood,hewillnothaveahealthybody.Thesunwarmstheearth,thismakesitpossiblefortheplantsgrow.Wewerelookingforyournewcoat,wecouldnotfindit.Practisemorereadingsyouwillimproveyourreadingability*Thepersoncametoseemethatafternoonisanoldfriendofmine?Hesucceededinpassingtheexammadehisparentsveryhappy.Itisapityshedidn^twintheprize.TomorrowisSunday,wedon5tneedtogotoschool.Theworkwasfinished,wewenthome.Timepermits,we5llgoouttoplay.l\iruingtotheleft,andyouwillfindabank.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,buthecouldn^tunderstandit.Becausehewasill,sohedidn'tgotoschool.Thoughheisachild,butheknowsalot.三、各種從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇關(guān)于這個(gè)問題是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)從句這一內(nèi)容的最大障礙，要弄清屬于什么從句，除t了分清各從句在主句中的位置外，關(guān)鍵在于弄懂各個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞在從句中的作用。定語從句放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面名詞性從句分為主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句。主語從句位于主句中的謂語或后置；2)賓語從句位于主句中及物動(dòng)詞或介詞和某些形容詞之后。3)表語從句位于主句中的系動(dòng)詞之后；4)同位語從句位于名詞如：idea,fact,truth,suggestion,plan之后；狀語從句位置可以在主句前或主句后；時(shí)間、條件、原因，讓步狀語從句放在句首時(shí)需要用逗號(hào)及主句隔開。引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)成分判斷依據(jù)名詞性從句連接詞that無實(shí)義不充當(dāng)成分1、 連接詞的意義在從句當(dāng)中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謜hether/if是否連接代詞What(什么,...69)whatever(無論什么)主、賓、表定Who（誰）whoever（無論是誰）主Whom(誰)whoniever(無論是誰)賓Which（哪個(gè)）whichever（無論哪個(gè)）主、賓、定Whose誰的定連接副詞where什么地方狀語When什么時(shí)候why為什么

How怎樣定語從句關(guān)系代詞who主、賓、1、 先行詞在從句當(dāng)中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞諻hom賓、Which主、賓.that主、賓、表Whose定語關(guān)系副詞Where狀語WhenWhy狀語從句時(shí)間when,while,as…狀語主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，注意從屬連詞的意義地點(diǎn)where,wherever...原因because,as,since.??目的sothat,inorderthat結(jié)果so/suclL..that條件if,unless...方式as讓步although,evenif比較???than…定語從句定語的概念：定語是用來修飾名詞或代詞的。比如：abeautifulgirl( )threeboys( )ashoefactory()?JinVsfather( ) ourteacher( )themaninthecarTOC\o"1-5"\h\z( )themanstandingatthedoor( ) themanwhoistalkingwithSam( )\o"CurrentDocument"單個(gè)詞做定語放在被修飾詞 ,短語或句子做定語放在被修飾詞 ?定語從句的概念及主要特征：定語從句：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一 或 的從句叫定語從句。\o"CurrentDocument"三要素：1)被定語從句修飾的詞叫 :2)引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫 ；3)關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng) 關(guān)系詞的作用：1)引導(dǎo) ；2)替 ;3)在從句中充當(dāng)請(qǐng)劃出下列句子中的定語從句.先行詞及關(guān)系代詞:Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmvfatherisapoliceman?2.關(guān)系詞的分類及用法關(guān)系詞分為 和 ,關(guān)系代詞有 關(guān)系副詞有 關(guān)系詞指代的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞??定語從句的分類及用法區(qū)另定語從句形式功能能否省略關(guān)系詞先行詞限制性定語從句非限制定語從句使用定語從句需要注意的問題1、 that及which的區(qū)別。1） 用that而不用which的情況：當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little,some,much等代詞時(shí)，或當(dāng)先行詞有every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代詞修飾時(shí)。②先行詞有theonly,thevery,thelast等詞修飾③先行詞有形容詞 或 修飾;；④先行詞既有—又有 時(shí)；⑤主句的主語是 或 ⑥若關(guān)系代詞在從句中作 >一般需用that.e.g.AllthatglittersisnotgoldThereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingitThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.ThisUthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?TheytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschoolMarvisnolongerthegirlthatshewas.2） 用which而不用that的情況：①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；②代表整個(gè)主句的意思；③介詞+關(guān)系代詞。e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.that及who的區(qū)別在one,anyone,those指人時(shí)一般用"who”。he/she/I/they作先行詞時(shí)，用"who”代替“that”.Anyone breaksthelawispunished?Those breakthelawarepunished.He doesrftreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)的用法as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，通常用于在主句中常有thesame,so或such及as相呼應(yīng)9（thesame...as;such...asso...as）as在定語從句中可作主語、賓語。e.g.SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.Doiftdosuchthingsasyouarenotsureabout※比較：Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.（ 從句）Itissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit.（ 從句）as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后,用來修飾整個(gè)句子。通常用下列句型：asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect,asisoftenthecase等。e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceevervmonth?3)as引導(dǎo)非限制性定論從旬時(shí)及which的區(qū)別當(dāng)主句和從句語義一致時(shí)，用as；反之，用Which來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。egHemadealongspeech,asweexpected.Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.當(dāng)非限制定語從句為否定時(shí)，常用which引導(dǎo)。e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveiyday,whichhiswifedoesn'tlikeatall.as—般放在句首或句審,which置于句中?Asweknow,theearthisround?Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞兩蒔 ’找出定語從句從句中主語和賓語是否齊全，如齊全用關(guān)系副詞如果定語從句缺賓語，確定定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是不是及物動(dòng)詞，如果是，則用關(guān)系代詞，如果不是，則用關(guān)系副詞。如果定語從句中謂語結(jié)構(gòu)是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，有主語，則用關(guān)系代詞A.Iknowaplace wecanhaveapicnic.Iknowaplace isfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.B?Iwillneverforgetthedays wespentourholidaystogether.Iwillneverforgetthedays wespenttogether.October1stisthedav newChinawasfounded.C.Thisisthereason hewasdismissed.Thisisthereason heexplainedtomeforhisnotattendingthemeeting.※如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation和case,position等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，(前提是從句中缺少狀語)。Icanthinkofmanycases thewordsareused?whose引導(dǎo)的定諱從句whose是一個(gè)表示所屬關(guān)系的詞，在定語從句中作定語。ofwhich可以代替whose指物，詞序一般是"山?+名詞+ofwhich”或"ofwhich+the+名詞”。ofwhom可以代替whose指人，詞序是uthe+名詞+ofwhom"或"ofwhom+the+名詞。Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.5?“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”考點(diǎn)分析.考査定語從句中謂語部分的搭配習(xí)慣看定語從句中動(dòng)詞及介詞的搭配Theman Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.Dovoulikethebook shepaid$10?看定語從句中形容詞及介詞的搭配Hegavemesomereferencebooks IamnotveryfamiliarChinaisabeautifulcountry, weareproud?.考査先行詞及介詞的審配習(xí)慣這類考題往往要根據(jù)具體的語境來選擇介詞。F11neverforgetthedav whichshesaidgoodbyetome.考査根據(jù)句意確定喬詞Iamlookingformyglasses, whichIcan'twatchTVclearly."介詞+關(guān)系茯詞”前還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many\most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80% aresoldabroad?Therearetwobuildings,thelarger standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.6?關(guān)系詞作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于先行詞尤其是“on?ofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，及定語從句所靠近的那個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。但如果"oneofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面帶有theonly之類的限定語，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞則要用單數(shù)形式。Tomisoneoftheboyswho latethatmorning.Tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswho latethatmorning.填空練習(xí)2014-2015年高考題Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon schooleducationdepends.【安徽】ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership, showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.【福建】3?Thenumberofsmokers, isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyean【江蘇】Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime heshouldbeabletobeindependent.［陜西】Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.【天津】Hewrotemanychildren9sbooks,nearlyhalfof werepublishedinthe1990s.【重慶】Thebooksoilthedesk, coversareshiny,areprizesfor【四川】OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch, oilcanhearsomelovelymusic. 【廿匕京】Creatinganatmosphere_employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.【浙江】10.ltisatrulydelightfulplace, looksthesameasitmusthavedone10()yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.【湖南】Theexactyear AnglelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.borrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek, myclassmatesrecommendedtome.3.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities theycangainexperienceforgrowth?amlookingforwardtothe(lav mvdaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmvfeelingsforher.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailyconununication,especiallyatwork agoodimpressionisamust.6.Amongthemanydangers sailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.Acompany profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.Pleasesendusalltheinformation youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition?Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren, isquiteunexpected?Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures, usesitdifferently.單句改錯(cuò)ThebookthatIborroweditfromthelibraryiswellwritten.Thehousestoodattheplacewhichtheroadsmeet.MyauntleftforBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina?Weshallvisittheuniversitywheremyfatherteachesthere?Canyouthinkofanyonewhomhouseisonapileofrocks?ThedaythatIlookedforwardtoarrivingatlast.ThefishermanwhomIthinkispoorinfactisveryrich?Thisisthegirlwhopracticeplayingthepianoeveryday.Thepeople,mostofthemareexperts,willbeinvitedtotheparty?Tliisistheshopwhichkeepopentillelevenatnight.Isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin?Anyonelikesitcanborrowitfromme.Youcanchooseanythingwhatyoulike?Thehousewhichweliveisverylarge?Doyoustillrememberthedayswhenwespenttogether?Tliisistheonehundredthletterwhichshehasreceivedfromthatboy.Tliisisthewomantowhomymothertalkedjustnow.Whoisthedriverwhocausedtheaccident?ThisisallwhatIcandoforyou.HeissuchacleverboythatIlike?Whichisknowntoall,theearthisround?Idon'tlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriendItissuchahotdayasIwanttogoswimmingverymuch?Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoaregoodatdancing?Whichofyoucanthinkofasituationwhichthisidiomisoftenused?haveabook,whosethecoverisverybeautiful.Hebeatme,asIhaveneverexpected?Soontheycametoafarmhouse,andinfrontofwhichsatasmallboy;Thereasonwhylieexplainedtomesoundsreasonable?Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.名詞性從句一、 名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語.賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。二、 名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞1?連接詞:that,if、whether2?連接代詞:what,whatever;who,whoevei;whom,whomever;whose,which,whichever連接副詞：when,where.whyshow 在名詞性從句在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分也沒有詞義， 在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分有詞義“是否”。連接代詞在名詞性從句中均有詞義充當(dāng) 、 . 、或 成分。連接副詞在名詞性從句中均有詞義充當(dāng) ?！局髡Z從句】通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。句型是：l)It+be+adj.+that從句(如obvious,true,clear,important,certain,necessary...)It+be+n詞組+that從句(如nowonder,anhonour,apity,afact...)It+be+過去分詞+that從句(如said,reported,thought,believed,well-known,suggested...)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句(如happen,matter,seem,appear)從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般為單數(shù)形式。如：Whatliesaidisright.Thathishairwasturninggreyworriedhimabit.Itisapitythatwecan'tgoswimming?Itiscertainthathewilldowellinthisexam?IthappenedthatIwentoutyesterdaywhenyouvisitedme.ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek?【賓語從句】通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞或某些形容詞之后。如：wonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.Nobodyissurewhathumanswilllooklikeinamillionyears.Thatwilldependonwhethertheycangetthechance.注意：在tliink/make/consider/find/feel/believe等可接復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞之后，it可以作為形式賓語，而真正的賓語that從句則放在句尾Hehasmadeitclearthatliewillnotgivein.【表語從句】表語從句放在系動(dòng)詞的后面。可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seem等。如：Theonlyquestionleftishowoftenthewo^keFSarepaid.Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.【同位語從句】同位語從句在句中作同位語，出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)名詞的后面，起著解釋說明的作用?？筛徽Z從句的名詞主要有:fact,news,promise,reason,idea,hope,word,belief等。Weheardthenewsthatoufteamhadwon.Wewerehappytohearthenewsthatwasannouncedbvourboss.注意的問題名詞性從句要使用陳述句語序。在名詞性從句中，主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句，名詞性從句均要使用陳述句語序。?Noonewillbesurewhatmanwilllooklikeinamillionyears?@Doyouknowhowmuchmoneyhespent?@Doyouknowwhathappened??that及wliat：that引導(dǎo)名從時(shí)，無意義不當(dāng)句子成分，只是引導(dǎo)詞；而what引導(dǎo)名從時(shí)，在從句中要充當(dāng)主賓表等句子成分，what表"…的…"二the+n.+thatAmodemcityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago. theearthgoesaroundthesuniswidelyaccepted?Chinaisnolonger itusedtobe.Atlastthesoldiersreached thelocalscalledtheThreeGorges.Thereismuchchance Billwillrecoverfromliisinjuryintimefortherace?if和whether在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)兩者可以互換，但引導(dǎo)介詞后邊的賓語從句或從句后面緊跟ornot時(shí)只能用whether,而不能用if。在引導(dǎo)主語從句.表語從句和同位語從句時(shí)，只能用whether,而不能用if。Whether還可及不定式.ornotN介詞連用Heaskedif(whether)youhavereceivedhisletter.Thisdependsoil heisinterested(ornot)?Haveyoudecided togotheretomorrow?Itdoesn'tmatter hewillcomeornot.that及if/whetherthat,whether,if都不作句子的任何成分。因此，它們所引導(dǎo)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整。that一般用于確定的語氣中，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，口語中的that可省略，而其他情況中的that一般不可??；而whether,if一般用于不確定的語句中。如： lielearntEnglishbeforeiscertain.fmnotsure hecanovercomethedifficulties.that和why.that表示原因時(shí)，引導(dǎo)表語從句?而why引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)reason的定語。①Thereasonforhisabsenceis heisill.②Thereason lieleftschoolis liisfamilyispoor?注意:this/tliatisbecause引導(dǎo)表語從句指原因this/thatiswhy引導(dǎo)表語從句指結(jié)果Hewasill.Thatwas lieaskedthreedays*leave?nomatterwlio/wliat/whichever及whoever/whatever/whichevernomatter...只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，???ever既可引導(dǎo)狀語從句又可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句. wassaidheremustbekeptsecret breaksthelawwillbepunished? seasonitis,themanalwayswearshisfunny-lookinghat.Hewillgive needshelpawarmsupport?7?同位語從句及定語從句的區(qū)別。定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞that在句中做賓語或主語，有時(shí)可以及which互換。同位語從句中的連詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分；而如果句子是同位語從句，就應(yīng)用連詞that而不能用whicho同位語從句一般放在表抽象意義的名詞如：fact,suggestion、truth、possibility、idea等后面，解釋名詞的含義或內(nèi)容，而定語從句只是對(duì)先行詞的限定和修飾。?ThenewsthatMr.BrownwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue@Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdayistrue?8.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)(主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)；主句如果用過去式，從句也必須用和過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。除了賓語從句表的是自然規(guī)律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachertoldusthatthemoontravelsaroundthemoon?月亮圍繞地球貳電客觀事實(shí)。Hemadeitclearthatliedidn'tlikethejob?9?名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣——“(should)+do”在主語從句中用來表示驚奇.不相信、惋惜.理應(yīng)如此等，謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣,常用句型有:Itisnecessary；(important,natural,strange,etc.)that...ItissuggestectCrequested,proposed,desired,etc.)that..?一堅(jiān)持(insist).二命令(order,command三建議(suggest,advise,propose)^四要求(demand,desire,require>request)?主語是suggestion,proposalrequest,decision等表"建議.請(qǐng)求.要求.決定"等意思的詞時(shí)，表語從句，同位語中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣M(should)+do\Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent (master)atleastaforeignlanguage?Iadvisedthatlie (send)tothehospitalatonce?Mysuggestionisthathe (go)toseeadoctoratonce?Iamagainsthisadvicethatthebridge (pull)down.總結(jié)：名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇三步驟步驟一：如果從句中缺少主語，或者賓語，或者表語，或者定語，則考慮用連接代詞(What,who.which,whose,whatever...)步驟二：如果從句中既不缺少主語，賓語，也不缺少表語，但是缺少一定意義的狀語，則考慮用連接副詞(where,when,why,how...)步驟三：如果既不缺少主語，賓語，表語，也不缺少狀語，貝U考虎用連接詞(that,whether,詢名詞性從句專練一、改錯(cuò)題：1?It'suncertainthattheexperimentisworthdoing.,Allwhatishardistodogoodallone'slifeandneverdoanythingbad.Theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.Youcan'timaginehowexcitedweretheywhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents?Thatwe*llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweatherWliathereallymeansiswhathedisagreeswithus.WlienwellHnislitranslatingthebookdependonthetime.Wlierewillthehousebebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting?Ifyoucomeornotisuptoyou.ThatisthatLuXunoncelived.WethoughtstrangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.Thefactwhichshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.Wlioleavestheroomlastouglittoturnoffthelights?14?TheenergyisthatmakesthecelkabletodotlieirworicJackwassoontoldwhyhedidwasnotnecessary.Isthiswhatwemeteachothertwoyearsago?Idon'tcarewhethersheliasnomoney;Icareifsheishonestornot.Thechildisalwayslying,sononeofuswillbelievenomatterwhathesays?Sarahopestobecomeafriendofwhosharesherinterest?WeexpressthehopewhichtheBrownswouldcometoChinaagain.Thetownisquitedifferentfromthatitwas3yearsago.ThisisafactthatEnglishiswidelyusedasaninternationallanguage?Thereasonwhyliewaslateisbecausehegotuplate?Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublictheydoanimportantjob?AsisknowntoallisthatpaperwasfirstinventedinChina?Thisiswhatourproblemlies.YoumaydependonthatIshallalwayshelpyou.Itisunknownthatwherewewillhavethemeeting?rilmakeknowntoallthatyouwerenothonest.Whenandwhereweshallhavethelecturearenotdecided2014-2015年名詞性從句高考題填空Ashipinharborissafe,butthat'snot shipsarebuiltfoT?（安徽卷）trulybelieve beautycomesfromwithin.（北京卷） weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwliatwefeeL（北京卷）—Iwonder Maryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears?—Byworkingouteveryday?（福建卷）Youhavetoknow you'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.（湖南卷） LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon'tacceptit.（江蘇卷）Readingherbiography;Iwaslostinadmirationfor DorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.（陜西卷）Theexhibitiontelkus weshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution?（四丿I〕卷）Ifyouswiminariverorlake,besuretoinvestigate isbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbranchedhiddeninthewater.（浙江卷）Wemustfindout Karliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim?（重慶卷）（2014山東卷）7?Itisdifficultforustoimagine lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworkL（2014北京卷）30?Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas hescoredthewinninggoaL（2014匕京卷）33?Somepeoplebelieve hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture?（2014福建卷）34.Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoing you'reafraidtodo.（2014湖南卷）24.AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.（2014江蘇卷）2&—Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy!—I'mnottoblame,mum.Iam youhavemademe.（2014全國大綱卷）24.Exactly thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565?（2014陜西卷）15. thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.（2014四川卷）2?Grandpapointedtothehospitalandsaid,"That's Iwasborn.w（2014天津卷）14?Ithink impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.（2014浙江卷）8?"Eveiytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea."Thisis mymotherusedtotellme.（2014重慶卷）12.—IsittruethatMikerefiisedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoidea hedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversity;并列連詞和狀語從句一、狀語從句的定義.功能.分類定義：在復(fù)合句中作狀語的從句功能：狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞，或整個(gè)主句分類：按意義可分為時(shí)間.地點(diǎn).原因、目的、結(jié)果.條件.方式.比較.讓步等狀語從句。從句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首時(shí)，從句后面常用一個(gè)逗號(hào)，放在句末時(shí),從句前一般不用逗號(hào)。狀語從句的考點(diǎn)主要是：主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致，從屬連詞不能及并列連詞連用，根據(jù)主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系選擇正確的連詞，某些連詞的固定句型以及狀語從句的省略問題。二用法1、 時(shí)間狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until特殊引導(dǎo)詞:theminute,themoment,thesecond,eveiytime,theday,theinstant,immediately、directly,nosooner..?than,hardly...when,scarcely…whendidn'trealizeliowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking?Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard（果園）themomenttheysawtheguard?NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbeganto“in.EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble?2、 地點(diǎn)狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:where,wherever,Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories?Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard?Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Pleasemakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestion.3、 原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:because,since,as,nowthatMyfriendsdislikemebecauseI'mhandsomeandsuccessful.NowthateverybodyhascomeJet'sbeginourconference?目的飛語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:sothat,inorderthat,incase,forfearthatThebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem?Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly?結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:sothat,so...that,such...that,Hegotupearlysothathecaughtthefirstbus.It'ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：i€unless,as/solongas,providing/providedthat,suppose/supposingthat,onconditionthatYouwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying?Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere?讓步狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:though,although,evenif,eventhough,as（用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝while（—般用在句首）,nomatter+疑問詞.疑問詞-everMuchasIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind?比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:as（同級(jí)比較）,than（不同程度的比較），Sheisasbad-temperedashermother?Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞:as,asif,WheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.三.用法靈活的as,while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句1?as可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間、原因.讓步、比較和方式5種狀語從句。2.while可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間.讓步、條件3種狀語從句。While（二Though）Ilikethecolorofthehat,Idontlikeitsshape?四nItbe+時(shí)間+wlien/that/since/before用法辨析itwas+（時(shí)刻，或時(shí)間點(diǎn)）+when從句Itwas1997whenHongkongreturnedtoChina?Itwasfiveo'clockwhenwearrivedatthesmallmountainvillage?對(duì)比強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itwasatfiveo'clockthatwearrivedatthesmallmountainvillage.It+willbe+時(shí)間段+before..."句型中.表示“要過多久才??二“Itwillnotbe+時(shí)間段+before../表示“不久就?…,過不了多久就??????\“itwas+時(shí)間段+before」表示“過了（多長時(shí)間）才??…?”ItwastwoyearsbeforeMacaoreturnedtoChina.Itwon'tbelongbeforeyouseehimagain.Itwaslongbeforetheyescapedfromtheprison?itis（hasbeen）+一段時(shí)間+since從句Itis/hasbeentwodayssinceshefellill.強(qiáng)化習(xí)題：l.ItwaslastSunday IcameacrossMrBrown?2.1twasmidnight theyoungcouplecamebackfromthebalL3.1twon'tbeaminute thelunchisready;4.1tistwoweeks theSmithslivedinourvillage?5.1twasnotuntil1920 regularradiobroadcastsbegan.6.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar hedied?7.1thasbeenoneyear Igotthejob?8.1twasn'tlong theydrovetheenemyofftlieircountry.9?Itwillbetwoyears wemeetagain.10.Itisyears Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch..Itwastwoyears herealizedthetruth?Itwillbetwoyears theeconomicsituationimproves.Itwastwoyearslater herealizedthetruth?Itis/hasbeentwoyears helivedhere?Itwasmidnight hearrivedhome?Itwasatmidnight liearrivedhome?Itwasnotuntilmidnight hearrivedhome?A.beforeB.whenC.sinceD.that填空1? scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon'tknow.Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears yougetanotherone?HardlyhadIenteredtheroom thephonerang?waslisteningtothemusic therewasaknockatthedoor thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.Goandgetyourcoat.It's youleftit. thedaywenton,theweathergotworse?Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left Icouldaskfortheirnames?believeyouwillhaveawonderfultimehere yougettoknoweveiyoneeke.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem wecansolveit.Themeaningofthewordnnice'changedafewtimes itfinallycametoincludethesense"pleasant."12?Idon'treallyliketheauthoi; Ihavetoadmitliisbooksareveryexciting?Wefoundthebookstwodays liehadgoneaway.?Halfanhourlater;Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi thebushaddroppedhenYouwillnevergainsuccess youarefullydevotedtoyourwork??Donotleavetheroom youhavefinishedthetest.17. hardItried,Istillcouldn'tmanageit.18.ltwasnot hetookoffhisdarkglass Irealizedwhohewas.Much IadmireDavidasapoet,Idon'tlikehimasaman.Quitestudent_hemaybe,lietalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass?改錯(cuò)1?I'llletyouknowassoonastheywillarrive?HeaskedmetostaywhichIwas?Theyhadwrittenthreeletterssincetheycameback?Bythetimewegothome,Ihaveforgottenallaboutit.Thelightwentoutwhilewearehavingsupper.Myfatherhastwobrothers,bothofthemareallPartymembers.Sincethateverybodyishere,let'sstartourclass?don'tknowwhetheritwillrainornot,butifitwill,Ishallstayhome.wasshoppingatFolry'swhileImetanoldfriend10.Unlessheworksmorehardei;hewillcertainlyfaiLneverbuyanythingunlessitisnotreallyneeded.Shecomestotalktomewhenevershefeltlonely.????Wliatwasthepartylike?—-WonderfuLIt'syearswhenIenjoyedmyselfsomuch?Whateveryoudo,andFllberightherewaitingforyou.Jimimaginedthatthewholeworldknewofliisachievements,wheninfactonlyafewpeoplehadheardofit?Howevei;therearestillsomecountriestherepeoplehaveshorterlives?Whenbeingcompleted,theparkwillbeopentothepublic?NexttimethatIplantotravelinLondon,Tmgoingtotakeaplane?MuchalthoughI