初三定語從句練習(xí)

初三定語從句練習(xí)自測題Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonstheyknewwhentheywereyoung.A.thatB.which C.whoD.whomThisisthemanlastnight.A.whomIsawhim B.whomIsawC.whichIsaw D.whoIsawhimTheseventeenthcenturywasonemanyadvancesweremadeinscience.A.that B.which C.whereD.whenWetravelledtogetherasfarasChicago,weparted.A.when B.which C.why D.whereThereasonI’mwritingistotellyouaboutapartyonSaturday.A.becauseB.whyC.forD.asAuthorEdithWhartonthoroughlyunderstoodthesocietyA.shehadgrownupinitB.whichhadshegrownupinC.shehadgrownupD.inwhichshehadgrownupThisisoneofthebestbooks.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwritten

C.thathaswrittenD.thathavewrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewrittenThefirsttimeIsawPremierZhouwasin1958.A.when B.where C.which D.thatWhichofthetwocowsyoukeepproducesmoremilk?A.that B.which C.whom D.whatHemetmybrother,fromhegotthenewsofmymarriage.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whoseWouldyoupleaseputthebookitbelongs?A.towhomB.towhichC.intowhichD.whereDoyourememberthenameofthecompany?A.wheresheworksatB.inwhichsheworksC.forwhichsheworksinD.inwheresheworksThisisthemostdifficultbook.A.whatIhavereaditB.whichIhavereaditC.Ihaveread D.IhavereaditThelastplacewastheScienceMuseum.A.wevisited B.wherewevisitedC.whichwevisited D.wewentAllyouhavetodoistopressthebutton.A.what B.whichC.forthatD.thatHeropinionisthesamehermothers.A.thatB.asC.thanD.likePeterlivesintheroomwindowopenstothesouth.A.whoseB.that C.whichD./Didshetellyouanythinghadhappenedtoher?A.itB.thatC.whatD.whichI,llneverforgetthedayswespenttogetherfiveyearago.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.howJuly1,1921wasthedaytheCommunistPartyofChinawasfounded.A.thatB.onwhichC.whichD.onthatTheplaceinterestthechildrenmostistheChildren’sPalace.A.whatB.thatC.whereD.inwhichI,yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatisThebraveman,thetigerwasshot,isagoodhunter.A.ofwhomB.bythatC.bywhomD.bywhich

Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,hecouldseewhatwasgoingoninsidethehouse.A.onwhichB.atwhich C.throughwhichD.inwhichThisisthegirlIbelievewasthedriverofthecar.A.whoB.whomC.inwhom D./Myhometownisnolongerthesameitusedtobe.A.likeB.thatC.asD.whichYoucantakeanyseatisfree.A.inwhichB.thatC.whereD.onwhichShehasn’tgotenoughmoneytobuytherings.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.whichI’vereadallthebookswereborrowedfromthelibrary.A.theyB.whereC./D.thatIsoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?A.itB.whichC./D.thatA.itB.whichC./D.thatTheSecondWorldWarmillionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhichDidyoutellyourmotherallyouhadseenonthewayhome?A.whatB.whyC.thatD.whichIt’soneofthemostimportantmeetingsthisyears.A.thathasbeenheld B.whichhasbeenheldC.thathavebeenheld D.whichhaveheldDoyouknowwholivesinthebuildingthereisawell.A.infrontofit B.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.inthefrontofwhichI,llnever.forgetthedayIjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhichSheshowedhernewwatchtomywife,waskeptinabox.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.itShehadthreesons,allbecamedoctors.A.whoB.whoseC.ofwhichD.ofwhomThisisthenewtypeofplanepartsaremadeofplastics.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whoseA.thatB.whatC.whichD.whoseisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry,belongingtothethirdworld.A.ItB.ThatC.AsD.WhichIsthistheleaningtowerGalileodidexperimentscenturiesago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whenMontBlancwevisitedlastsummeristhehighestmountaininEurope.A.whereB.thatC.whatD.whichThosenotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearnDidn’tyouseetheman?A.Inoddedjustnow B.whomInoddedjustnowC.InoddedtohimjustnowD.InoddedtojustnowHaveyouseenthegirl?A.thatItold B.ItoldyouofC.whomItoldyou D.ItoldyouofhimCanyoulendmethenovel;theotherday?A.thatyoutalked B.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedaboutC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedaboutWhohascommonsensewilldosuchathing?A.whichB.whoC.whomD.thatThisisthebiggestlaboratorywehaveeverybuiltinourschool.A.whichB.whatC.whereD./Isthereanythingtoyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongsPleasepassmethedictionarycoverisblack.A.whichB.whichof C.itsD.whoseIsthisthemuseumyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theoneHowdoyoulikethebook?It’squitedifferentfromIreadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhatWhichsentenceiswrong?ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputitintomymouth.Doyouknowtheboywhojumpedontotheplatform?Scienceandnewtechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforfarmerstoproducemorefoodonthesameamountofland.

Peopleinancienttimestookitforgrantedthatthesunmovedroundtheearth.Antarcticweknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhichMaythefourthisthedayweChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhichOctober1,1945isthedaythePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthatAsteelplantisaplaceIamlongingtovisittheseyears.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.towhereThisisjusttheplaceamlongingtovisittheseyears.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.towhereThehotelduringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.westayedat B.wherewestayedatC.westayed D.inthatwestayedHeisnotafool.such,asheislookedsuch,ashelooks

such,asheislookedsuch,ashelooksC.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooksC.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooksHehastwosons,workaschemists.A.twoofwhom B.bothofwhomC.bothofwhich D.allofwhomIII.參考答案：1.A2.B3.D4.D5.B6.D7.A8.D9.A10.B11.D12.B13.C14.A15.D16.B17.A18.B19.A20.B21.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zB22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27.B28.B29. D30. D31.D32. C 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 38.D39.C40.B41. D42.D 43.D 44.B 45.D 46.D 47.D48.B49. D50.A 51.C52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. A 57.A58.A59. B60. B?附一：定語從句用法歸納定語從句由關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose、which、what、as和關(guān)系副詞where、when、why等引導(dǎo)，但須記住：不能引導(dǎo)定語從句.2.關(guān)系詞的分析須考慮它在定語從句中的成分。一.指人的關(guān)系代詞有who、whose、whom、that.試分析：Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.Themanwithwhommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.(=Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.)注：A.指人時(shí)有時(shí)只用who不宜用thato.先行詞為one、ones或anyoneThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished..先行詞為these時(shí)ThesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool..在therebe開頭的句子中Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou..一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語從句，其中一個(gè)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞是that,另一個(gè)宜用who,以免重復(fù)。Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards..在非限制性定語從句中AoImetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJapan.B.主句以who開頭的句子中，只用that,不用who。二.指物的關(guān)系代詞有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.試分析：Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.)Iliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.(=Iliveintheroom,thewindowsofwhichfacesouth.)注：A.介詞如果位于作為其賓語的關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，只能用whom、which不能用who或that..Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor..ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing.B.部分短語動(dòng)詞中的介詞不可與動(dòng)詞拆開，在定語從句中其介詞不可前置，只能放在其動(dòng)詞之后。Isthisthebookwhichsheislookingfor?Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi.Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing’sson.C.指物時(shí)，下列情況下只能用that，不宜用which。(1)先行詞為不定代詞，如 All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、theone等。Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople.Ihavetoldthemall(that)Iknow.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(2)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、修飾時(shí)。ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel.(3)先行詞是形容詞最高級或被最高級修飾時(shí)。ThisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow.(4)如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時(shí)(先行詞既有人又有物)，定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用which和who都不合適，只能用that。Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitalsthatyouaretalkingabout.Therearesheepandmenthatcanbeseenonthehill.(5)如果先行詞被theonly、thevery、thelast、thesame、any、few、little、no、all、oneof、just修飾時(shí)。Thisistheonlybookthatcanbelenttoyou.(6)當(dāng)主句是以which開頭的特殊問句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用thatoWhichisthedictionarythatheusedyesterday?D.只物時(shí)，下列情況下只能用which，不宜用that。(1)關(guān)系代詞放在介詞之后Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked.(2)非限制性定語從句中Thisisthebook,whichiswrittenbyLuXun.that,Those作主語時(shí)ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.E.先行詞前有such、thesame、as時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用as,不用that,但thesame…as…表示同樣的，thesame…that…表示同一的Heknowsasmanypeopleasarepresentatthemeeting.Suchpeopleasyourefertoarerarenowadays.三,比較When/which、where/which、why.whichIstillneverforget.ThisisthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.whichhespentreadingthebooks.whereIfoundthebook.whichmakesmachines.Thisistheplacewhichweoncevisited.whichIwillneverforget.whichIamlookingfor.限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句Allthestudentswhostudyhardhavepassed.學(xué)習(xí)努力的學(xué)生都考試及格了。（只有努力的及格了，不努力的沒及格。）Allthestudents,whostudyhardhavepassed.所有的學(xué)生都及格了，他們學(xué)習(xí)努力。（沒有人不及格，這些學(xué)生都很努力。）從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語（如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正確。）從句是對先行詞的附加說明（如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影響。）與主句關(guān)系密切，不用逗號與主句關(guān)系不十分密切，用逗號與主句隔開譯為漢語時(shí),從句譯在先行詞前,與先行詞用“的”連接譯為漢語時(shí)，從句放在主句后面關(guān)系代詞that可以代替who、whom（指人）、which（指物）關(guān)系代詞不用that,只用who、whom（指人）、which（指物）關(guān)系代詞代替賓語時(shí)可以省略關(guān)系代詞不能省略關(guān)系代詞as和which先研究下面兩個(gè)例句：Oelephantislikeasnake,as/whicheverybodycansee.=Aseverybodycansee,thiselephantislikeasnake.任何人都看得出來，這頭象像條蛇。Odidn'tpassthephysicsexam,whichmadehisparentsveryangry.Tom物理考試不及格，這使得他父親很生氣。這兩個(gè)例句中，as和which所代表的都是整個(gè)主句所表示的內(nèi)容。但有兩點(diǎn)不同之處：.在形式上as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面；而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面。.在意義上，as引導(dǎo)的定語從句和主句的關(guān)系一般為一致關(guān)系，常譯為“正如……”，"就像……”，而which引導(dǎo)的定語從句和主句的關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系，或which引導(dǎo)的定語從句是對主句的評論。因此，在意思通順的情況下，which可代替as,而as許多時(shí)候不能代替which,如句02。再如：Hewaslateagain,as/whichwehadexpected.=Aswehadexpected,hewaslateagain.正如我們所料，他又遲到了。/他又遲到了這是我們早就料到的。Thestreethasntbeenclearedforweeks,whichmakesitverydirty.街道好多星期沒有打掃了，因此整條街很臟。（不用as）Theyoungmancheatedhisfriendofmuchmoney,whichwasdisgraceful.那年輕人詐騙了他朋友許多錢財(cái)，這是不光彩的。（不用as）Hetakesexerciseeveryday,whichhasdonealotofgoodtohishealth.他每天運(yùn)動(dòng)，這對他的身體很有好處。（不用as）Ashasalreadybeenpointedout,Englishisratherdifficultforaforeigner,正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣，英語對于初學(xué)者說，是相當(dāng)難學(xué)的。在such…■as…、thesame…as…、as…、asmany…/muchas…等結(jié)構(gòu)中，as不能用which代替。如：booksasthisaretoodifficultforbeginners.這樣的書對于初學(xué)的人來說是太難了。=Bookssuchasthisare■一=Bookslikethisare…liveinthesamebuildingashe（does）.我和他住再同一座大樓里。knowsasmanypeopleasarepresentatthemeeting.他認(rèn)識所有到會的人。dayweallgotupearlyasusual.那天我們和平時(shí)一樣，都起得很早?！癘neofthe度數(shù)名詞”后面定語從句中謂語單復(fù)數(shù)情況這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，跟定語從句所*近的那個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。如：Thatisoneofthebooksthatarerequiredforstudyatschool.Thisisoneofthemostwonderfulnovelsthathavebeenpublishedsince1990.SheisoneofthefewpersonswhoknowSpanish.Thisisoneofthemostfamousplaysthatwerewritteninthethirties,如果oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面帶有theonly、thevery之類的限定語，后面定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞則要用單數(shù)形式，這是因?yàn)槎ㄕZ從句在意義上修飾的是而不是那個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：istheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.（修飾theonlyone）HeisoneoftheteacherswhoknowFrenchinourschool.（修飾theteachers）istheonlyoneoftheroomsthatisfreenow.（修飾theonlyone）Thisisoneoftheroomsthatarefreenow.（修飾rooms）as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時(shí)可以互換，但下列情況多用as。.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句居句首時(shí)。Asweallknow,theearthisround..當(dāng)與such或thesame連用時(shí)，一般用as。Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou..當(dāng)從句和主句語義一致時(shí)，用as，反之則用which。Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.as在從句中作主語時(shí)，后面常接行為動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.附二:限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句有四大區(qū)別一、在句中作用不同限制性定語從句對被修飾的先行詞有限定制約作用，使該詞的含義更具體，更明確。限制性定語從句不能被省略，否則句意就不完整。非限制性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對其作一些附加說明，不起限定制約作用。如果將非限制性定語從句省去，主句的意義仍然完整。二、外在表現(xiàn)形式不同限制性定語從句因與先行詞關(guān)系密切，所以不可以用逗號將其與主句隔開；而非限制性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，所以可用逗號將其與主句隔開。例1.DoyourememberthegirlwhotaughtusEnglish?你還記得教我們英語的那個(gè)女孩嗎？例2.Clockisakindofinstrumentwhichcantellpeopletime.鐘是一種能夠告訴人們時(shí)間的儀器。例3.Thisistheplacewhereheusedtolive.這就是他過去居住的地方。例4.Mr.Zhang,whocametoseemeyesterday,isanoldfriendofmine.張先生昨天來看我，他是我的一位朋友。例5.Wewalkeddownthevillagestreet,wheretheywerehavingmarketday.我們沿著村里的大街向前走去，村民們正在那里趕集。析：在前三個(gè)例句中，定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，為限制性定語從句，不可用逗號將其與主句隔開。在后兩個(gè)例句中，定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系不密切，為非限制性定語從句，可用逗號將其與主句隔開。三、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語，而特殊情況下非限制性定語從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)非限制性定語從句常由which引導(dǎo)。例1.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一個(gè)中年女子殺害了自己的丈夫，這令我十分恐懼。析：由語境可知，令“我”恐懼的內(nèi)容應(yīng)為“中年女子殺害了自己的丈夫”這整個(gè)一件事，因此先行詞為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)應(yīng)由which引導(dǎo)定語從句。例2.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一個(gè)五歲男孩會講兩門外語，這令所有在場的人感到非常驚訝。析：由語境可知，令所有在場的人