2023年職稱英語考試試題

職稱英語考試試題綜合類B級第一部分：詞匯選項（第1~15題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個句子均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為靠近旳選項。1.Iwantedtoaskheroutbutwasscaredthatshemightrefuse.A.afraidB.anxiousC.sureD.sad2.Marshaconfessedthatsheknewnothingofcomputer.A.reportedB.admittedC.hopedD.answered3.MydoctorsaidIshouldvarymydietmore.A.prepareB.cookC.changeD.choose4.IgotanotefromMoiraurginqmetogetintouch.A.instructingB.pushingC.notifyingD.inviting5.Anumberoftheorieshavebeenproposedtoexplainthesituation.A.testedB.suggestedC.usedD.announced6.Theseaturtle'snaturalhabitathasbeenconsiderablyreduced.A.suddenlyB.greatlyC.generallyD.slightly7.Thetestproduceddisappointingresults.A.indirectB.similarC.positiveD.unsatisfactory8.At80,PeckwasstillvigorousandlivinginParis.A.happyB.energeticC.aloneD.busy9.Ayoungmanisbeinghailedaherotonightafterrescuingtwochildren.A.reportedB.provedC.caughtD.praised10.Heassertedthatnuclearpowerwasasafeandnon-pollutingenergysource.A.maintainedB.recommendedC.consideredD.acknowledged11.Itispossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.A.handleB.raiseC.poseD.experience12.Eventually,shegotajobandmovedtoLondon.A.CertainlyB.FinallyC.LuckilyD.Naturally13.Forsomeobscurereason,thesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.A.obviousB.MajorC.unclearD.minor14.Thedecisiontoinvadeprovokedstormsofprotest.A.ignoredB.organizedC.causedD.received15.Foresterstaredathiscar,tremblingwithrage.A.turningB.jumpingC.shoutingD.shaking第二部分：閱讀判斷（第16-22題，每題1分，共7分）下面旳短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文旳內容對每個句子做出判斷：假如該句提供旳是對旳信息，請選擇A：假如該句提供旳是錯誤信息，請選擇B；假如該句旳信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。TheForbiddenAppleNewYorkusedtobethecitythatneversleeps.Thesedaysit'sthecitythatneversmokes,drinksordoesanythingnaughty(atleast,notinpublic);TheBigAppleisquicklyturningintotheForbiddenApple.lfyouwantedaglassofwinewithyourpicnicinCentralPark,couldyouhaveone?Nochance.Drinkingalcoholinpublicisn'tallowed.Ifyoudecidedtofeedthebirdswiththelastcrumbs(碎屑)ofyoursandwich,youcouldbearrested.It'sillegal.Ifyouwenttoabarforadrinkandacigarette,thatwouldbeOK,wouldn'tit?Er...no.Youcan'tsmokeinpublicinNewYorkCity.What'sgoingon?Whyisthecitythatusedtobesoopen-mindedbecominglikethis?ThemayorofNewYorkisbehinditall.Hehasbroughtinawholelotofnewlawstostopcitizensfromdoingwhattheywant,whentheywant.Thepressareshocked.EventheNewYorkpolicehavejoinedtheargumentTheyrecentlyspent$100,0000na"Don'tblamethecop"campaign.OneNewYorkpoliceofficersaid,"Weraisemoneyforthecitybygivingpeoplefinesforbreakingsomeverystupidlaws.It'sallaboutmoney."Theresultisalotoffinesforminoroffences.YoavKashida,anlsraelitourist,fellasleeponthesubway.Whenhewokeup,twopoliceofficersfinedhimbecausehehadfallenasleepontwoseats(youmustnItusetwoseatsinthesubway).ElleandSergeSchroitmanwerefinedforblockingadrivewaywiththeircar.Itwastheirowndriveway.TheangryeditorofVanityFairmagazine,GraydonCarter,says,"UnderNewYorkCitylawitisacceptabletokeepaguninyourplaceofwork,butnotanemptyashtray."HeshouldknowThepoIicecametohisofficeandtookawayhisashtrayc煙灰缸)ButnotallofNewYork'sinhabitantsarecomplaining.MarciaDugarry,72,said,"ThecityhaschangedforthebetterIfmorecitieshadtheselaws,Americawouldbeabetterplacetolive"NixonPatotkis,38,abarman,said,"IlikethenewlawsIfpeoplesmokedinhere,we'dgohomesmellingofcigarettes"RecentfIguresshowthatNewYorknowhasfewercrimesper100,000peoplethan1930therUScitiesAndit'strue-it'ssafer,cleanerandmorehealthythanbefore.But!et'sbehonest-whogoestoNewYorkforitscleanstreets?16.SomeactivitieshaverecentlybecomeillegalinNewYork.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned17.ItisnowillegaltosmokeordrinkalcoholanywhereinNewYork.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.Eatingapplesintheparkisillegal.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.Thebusinessmenlikethenewlaws.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.ElleandSergeSchroitmanparkedtheircaronthepublicdriveway.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.TheeditorofVanityFairmagazinethinkssomeofthenewlawsarestupid.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.NewYorkiscleanerandsaferthanbefore.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第3部分：概括大意與完畢句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分）下面旳短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23-26題規(guī)定從所給旳6個選項中為第1～4段每段選擇1個最佳標題：(2)第27～30題規(guī)定從所給旳6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。Hurricane1、Ahurricane（颶風）isatropicalstormwithwindsthathavereachedaconstantspeedof74milesperhourHurricanewindsblowinalargespiral(螺旋)aroundarelativecalmcenterknownasthe"eye".The"eye"isgenerally20t030mileswide,andthestormmayextendoutward400miles.Asahurricanenearsland,itcanbringheavyrains,highwinds,andstormsurges(風暴潮).Thestormsurgesandheavyrainscanleadtoflooding2、Hurricanesaregivenadifferentlabel,dependingonwheretheyoccur.IftheybeginovertheNorthAtlanticOcean,theCaribbeanSea,theGulfofMexico,ortheNortheastPacifIe3、Whenahurricanehitsland,itcandogreatdamagethroughitsfiercewinds,heavyrains,inland(內陸旳)flooding,andhugewavescrashingontotheshore.Duringahurricane,homes,businesses,andpublicbuildingsmaybedamagedordestroyed,roadsandbridgescanbewashedawayApowerfulhurricanecankillmorepeopleanddestroymorepropertythananyothernaturaldisaster.Fishermenareatspecialriskfromhurricanesastheymaybeatseawhenahurricanearrivesandnotbeabletogettoasafeharbouriftheydonotreceiveadequatewarning.4、Ifahurricaneiscominginyourarea,themostimportantthingistostaycalmandfindshelterimmediatelyGotoyoursaferoom.Ifyoudonothaveone,stayindoorsduringthehurricaneandgotoasaferplacenearthecenterofyourhomeCoveryourselfwithablanketandbesuretokeepawayfromwindowsandglassdoors,becauseiftheglassbreaksit'sreallydangerousDonotbefooledifthereisalull（暫停）,itcouldbetheeyeofthestorm-windswillpickupagain.27.Dependingonwheretheyoccur,hurricaneshave.28.Apowerfulhurricanemaybecomethemostdestructive.29.Whenahurricanearrives,fishermenareingreatdangeriftheyareatseaanddonotget.30.Duringahurricaneoneshouldstayawayfrom答案：23、D24、E25、B26、C27、A28、E29、D30、B第4部分：閱讀理解（第31~45題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。第一篇'Lucky"LordLucan-AliveorDeadOn8thNovember1974LordLucan,aBriLisharistocrat.Vamshcd.Thedaybctore,hischildren'snannyhadbeenbrutallymurderedandhiswilehadbeenattackedtoo.TothisdaytheBritishpublicarestillinterestedinthemurdercasebecauseLucanhasneverbeenfound.Now.Over30yearslater,thepolicehavereopenedthecase.hopingthatnewDNAtechniqueswillhelpsolvethismurdermystery.1Peoplesuspectedthat"Lucky",ashewascalledbyfriends.wantedtokillhiswifehenolongerlivedwith.TheysaythatLucanenteredhisoldhouseandinthedark,killedthenannybymistake.Hisestrangedwifeheardnoises,camedownstairsandwasalsoattacked.butmanagedtoescapeSevenmonthsafterthemurder,ajuryconcludedthatLucanhadkilledthenannyWhathappenednextisunclear,butthereareseveraltheorieswhichfallintooneofthreecategories:hemayhavekilledhimself.hecouldhaveescapedorhemighthavebeenkilled.Itappearsthatthenightafterthemurder."Lucky"borrowedacaranddroveit,Lucan'sfriendAspinallsaidinaninterviewthathethoughtLucanhadcommittedsuicidebysinkinghisboatintheEnglishChannelAnotherversionofevents.saysthat"Lucky"lefttheblood-soakedcaronthecoastandtookaferrytoFrance.2HewasmettherebysomeonewhodrovehimtosafetyinanothercountryHowever.afteratime,hisrescuersbecameinvolvedthattheywouldbecomeinvolvedinthemurdertooandsoLucanwaskilled.AfurtherfascinatingtheorywasmadeinthebookDeadLuckybyDuncanMacLaughlin.aformerdetective.HebelievesthatLucantravelledtoGoa,India,whereheassumedtheidentityofaMrBarryHaplin.LucanthenlivedinGoa1.Thepublicarestillinterestedintheinvestigationbecause.A)oftheterriblemurderB)oftheuseofnewDNAtechniquesC)LordLucanhasneverbeenfoundD)LoardLucanwasfamous2.ItisthoughtthatLucankiliedthenannybecause.A)shewaslookingafterthechildrenB)shewa.safriendofLucan'sC)itwasdarkandhethoughtshewasLadyLucanD)Loardl.ucanthoughtthenannystolehiscar3.AspinallthoughtLucankilledhimselfby.A)jumpingintowaterB)jumpingoutofhishouseC)sailinghisboatD)sinkinghisboat4.Lucancouldhavebeenkilledbecausepeople.A)didn'twantthepolicetocatchhimB)thoughthemighttalktothepoliceaboutthemifhewascaughtC)wereunhappywithhimD)thoughthewasrich5.Ex-detectiveMacLaughlinclaimedthatMrBarryHaplin.A)wasanoldschoolteacherB)diedinGoa.IndiaC)wasreallyLordLucanindisguiseD)wasamerchant第二篇CellPhones:HangUporKeepTalking?MillionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestodayInmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeopIe.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication-havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnectedTheexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalsworriedSomedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephonesInEngland,therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissueMobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?Signsofchangeinthetissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning（掃描）equipment.Inonecase,atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemorylossHecouldn'trememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursaday,everydayofhisworkingweekforacoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneuse,buthisemployer'sdoctordidn’tagreeWhatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmful?TheanswerisradiationHigh-techmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinues,itappearsthatit's,besttousemobilephoneslessoftenUseyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtimeUseyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenient,especiallyinemergencies.Inthefuture,mobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.Sofornow,it'swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften.41.PeoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthatA.they'repopularB.they'recheapC.they'reusefulD.they'reconvenient.42.Theword"detected"inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedbyA.curedB.removedC.discoveredD.caused43.ThesalesmanretiredyoungbecauseA.hedislikedusingmobilephonesB.hewastiredoftalkingonhismobilephoneC.hecouldn'tremembersimpletasks.D.hisemployer'sdoctorpersuadedhimto44.Onthesafetyissueofmobilephones.themanufacturingcompaniesA.denytheexistenceofmobilephoneradiation.B.developnewtechnologytoreducemobilephoneradiationC.trytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultohealthD.holdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryabout45.Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisepeopleA.tobuymobilephonesB.toupdateregularphonesC.tousemobilephoneslessoftenD.tostopusingmobilephones第5部分：補全短文（第46—50題，每題2分，共10分）下面旳短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。IKnowJustHowYouFeelDoyoufeelsad?Happy?Angry?Youmaythinkthatthewayyoushowtheseemotionsisunique.Well.thinkagainEventheexpressionofthemostpersonalfeelingscanbeclassifIed.accordingtoMindReading.aDVDdisplayingeverypossiblehumanemotionitdemonstrates412distinctwaysinwhichwefeel:thefirstvisualdictionaryofthehumanheart.Attemptstoclassifyexpressionsbeganinthemid-1800s.whenDarwindividedtheemotionsintosixtypes-anger.fear.sadness.disgust,surpriseandenjoyment.E(46}EveryotherfeelingwasthoughttoderivefromDarwin'ssmallgroupMorecomplexexpressionsofemotionwereprobablylearnedandthereforemorespecifictoeachculture.ButnowitisbeIievedthatmanymorefacialexpressionsaresharedworldwideA(47)TheMindReadingDVDisasystematicvisualrecordoftheseexpressionsTheprojectwasconceivedbyaCambridgeprofessorasanaidforpeoplewithautism(孤單癥).whohavedifficultybothreadingandexpressingemotions.ButitquicklybecameapparentthatithadbroaderusesActorsandteachers,forexample.needtounderstandawiderangeofexpressions.Theprofessorandhisresearchteamfirsthadtodefinean"emotion'F(48)Usingthisdefinition.1.512emotiontermswereidentifiedanddiscussedThislistwaseventuallyreducedto412.from'afraid'to"wanting".Oncetheseemotionsweredefinedandclassified,aDVDseemedtheclearestandmostefficientwaytodisplaytheminMindReading.EachexpressionisactedoutbysixdifferentactorsinthreesecondsD(49]Theexplanationforthisissimple:wemayfinditdifficulttodescribeemotionsusingwords.butweinstantlyrecogniseonewhenweseeitonsomeone'sface'Itwasreallyclearwhentheactorshadgotitright:saysCathyCollis,whodirectedtheDVD.'Althoughtheyweregivensomedirection.'saysMsCollis."theactorswerenottoldWhichfacialmusclestheyshouldmoveC(50)"Forexample.whensomeonefeelscontempt.youcan'tsayforcertainthattheireyebrowsalwaysgodown.SomeonewhohastriedtoestablishsuchruiesistheAmerican,ProfessorPaulEkman.whohasbuiltadatabaseofhowthefacemovesforeveryemotionThefacecanmake43distinctmusclemovementscalled'actionunits".Thesecanbecombinedintomorethan10.000visiblefacialshapes.Ekmanhaswrittenoutapatternoffacialmuscularmovementstorepresenteachemotion.Wethoughtoftryingtodescribeeachemotion.butitwouldhavebeenalmostimpossibletomakeclearrulesforthisResearchhasalsobeendonetofindoutwhichareasofthebrainreademotionalexpressionsTheseparticularmusclesaredifficulttocontrol.andfewpeoplecandoitAnyo[hermethodofsnowingallthe412emotions.suchaswords.wouldhavebeenfarlesseffectiveHesaidthattheexpressionofthesefeelingswasuniversalandrecognisablebyanyone,fromanycultureTheydecidedthatitwasamentalstatethatcouldbeprecededby“Ifeel”or“helooks”or“shesounds”第六部分完形填空（第51—65題，每題1分，共15分）LookonTheBrightSideDoyoueverwishyouweremoreoptimistic,someonewhoalways（1）tobesuccessful?Havingsomeonearoundwhoalways（2）t