【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 74Unit 4 Public transport（江蘇專(zhuān)用）

Unit4Publictransport

晨讀在線請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，結(jié)合生活中的一個(gè)事例，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，談?wù)勎⑿Φ淖饔谩hebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwalls.注意：①無(wú)須寫(xiě)標(biāo)題；②內(nèi)容只需涉及一個(gè)方面；③詞數(shù)不少于120?！痉段男蕾p】請(qǐng)進(jìn)行完形填空(每空一詞)IstillrememberhownervousIwasonmyfirstdayinthenewschoolthreeyearsago,1.whenIfounditdifficulttofollowmyteacherinthefirstEnglishclass.TheteacherspokeEnglishthroughout2.theclass，whichwastotallydifferent3.fromthelessonsIhadtakenbefore.Inthemorningclassthenextday，theEnglishteachercametomewhileIwasreadingthetextaloudas4.otherstudents.Afterlisteningtomeforawhile，shegavemeabigsmileandsaid5.shelikedmyvoiceverymuch.Thesmileshoneonthewholeday6.andthefollowingdays.Aweeklater，Ivolunteeredtotakecharge7.ofEnglishstudyinmyclass.Thankstothecomfortingsmileinmy8.firstmorningclass，Ibegantobeconfident.(134words)【名師點(diǎn)評(píng)】敘述自然流暢，文風(fēng)樸實(shí)無(wú)華，通過(guò)敘述老師的微笑來(lái)說(shuō)明它給作者帶來(lái)的積極作用。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whichwastotallydifferentfromthelessonsIhadtakenbefore用得很好，高級(jí)詞匯shine，volunteer，confident，takechargeof，thanksto等的出現(xiàn)使文章陡增亮色。【瘋狂背誦】請(qǐng)用10分鐘背誦范文

【還原范文】請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)1．我依然記得三年前我進(jìn)入新學(xué)校的第一天，當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)第一堂英語(yǔ)課上自己很難跟上老師的時(shí)候我多么緊張。IstillrememberhownervousIwasonmyfirstdayinthenewschoolthreeyearsago，whenIfounditdifficulttofollowmyteacherinthefirstEnglishclass.2．老師在課上從頭至尾都講英語(yǔ)，那完全不同于我以前上的課。TheteacherspokeEnglishthroughouttheclass，whichwastotallydifferentfromthelessonsIhadtakenbefore.3．第二天的早自習(xí)課上，當(dāng)我像別的同學(xué)那樣大聲朗讀課文時(shí)，英語(yǔ)老師向我走了過(guò)來(lái)。Inthemorningclassthenextday，theEnglishteachercametomewhileIwasreadingthetextaloudasotherstudents.4．聽(tīng)我讀了一會(huì)兒后，她給了我一個(gè)大大的微笑，說(shuō)她非常喜歡我的聲音。Afterlisteningtomeforawhile，shegavemeabigsmileandsaidshelikedmyvoiceverymuch.5．這個(gè)微笑照亮我這一整天，還有以后的日子。Thesmileshoneonthewholedayandthefollowingdays.6．一周后，我自愿負(fù)責(zé)我們班的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)工作。Aweeklater，IvolunteeredtotakechargeofEnglishstudyinmyclass.7．感謝第一次早自習(xí)時(shí)的那個(gè)舒心的微笑，我從此開(kāi)始自信。Thankstothecomfortingsmileinmyfirstmorningclass，Ibegantobeconfident.Ⅰ.單詞默寫(xiě)1．convey

vt.運(yùn)送，輸送；表達(dá)2．a(chǎn)uthority

n.權(quán)力；權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)；權(quán)威；權(quán)限3．a(chǎn)nniversary

n.周年紀(jì)念；周年紀(jì)念日4．enlarge

vt.vi.擴(kuò)大，增大5．modest

adj.適度的，適中的，不過(guò)分的；謙虛的，謙讓的6．flash

n.閃光，閃爍；簡(jiǎn)明新聞，快訊7．a(chǎn)nnual

adj.每年的，一年一次的8．a(chǎn)ggressive

adj.好斗的，侵略性的，咄咄逼人的9．a(chǎn)lcoholic

adj.酒精的；含酒精的10．reservation

n.預(yù)訂，預(yù)約；保留意見(jiàn)11．choke

v．beunabletobreathe12．growth

n.theprocessofgrowing13．undertake

vt.topromiseoragreetodosomething14．punctual

adj.arrivingordoingthingsatexactlytherighttime15．violate

vt.totakenonoticeofapromiseoragreementⅡ.詞匯拓展1．distinctionn．聲譽(yù)，名聲；區(qū)別→distinctive

adj.區(qū)別性的→distinguish

vt.區(qū)別，鑒別2．permitv．允許→permission

n．準(zhǔn)許，允許→allow(同義詞)3．separatelyadv.分別地，單獨(dú)地，各自地→separate

adj.分開(kāi)的，獨(dú)立的→separate

vt.分開(kāi)，分隔，隔開(kāi)→separation

n．分開(kāi)；分居4．a(chǎn)rrangevt.按排，整理→arrangement

n．按排，整理5．believevt.相信→belief

n．信念，相信→believable

adj.可相信的，能相信的→unbelievable

adj.難以置信的，驚人的語(yǔ)境助記——詞不離句，句不離段Theexpansionofmodernadvancedtransportationmakesourlifemoreconvenient，orderlyandpunctual.Butontheotherhand，theaccidentsitcausedareconfusingandannoyingus.

Ⅲ.短語(yǔ)落實(shí)1．dropoff中途下客或卸貨2．comeupwith提出3．inthehopethat...希望……4．takenoticeof注意，注意到；關(guān)注5．makeupfor補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)6．beupto勝任，忙于7．washaway沖掉，沖垮，沖走8.giveup放棄，戒掉9．a(chǎn)risefrom由……引起，由……產(chǎn)生，起源于10．beaimedat目的是，旨在，針對(duì)Ⅳ.句子翻譯1．ThesenewwaysofdiggingacceleratedthepaceoftheLondonUnderground'sdevelopment.(Page50)這些新的挖掘方法加快了倫敦地鐵的發(fā)展步伐。2．Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisingfromthoseaccidentshasincreasedgreatlyoverthepastyear.(Page62)在過(guò)去的一年中，交通事故數(shù)量以及由交通事故所引發(fā)的死亡人數(shù)急劇上升。3．Onthenextpagearesomeofthechiefcausesofroadaccidents.(Page62)下一頁(yè)講述一些道路事故的主要根源。4．洪水沖掉了沿途的泥土，部分路段目前仍在修建中。(Page59)Thefloodswashedawaysoilalongtheroad.Partoftheroadisstillunderrepair.5．一些騎車(chē)人認(rèn)為交通法規(guī)不適用于他們。(Page63)Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthattrafficlawsdonotapplytothem.Ⅴ.教材設(shè)題句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞)1．Weallhavearesponsibilitytopreventaccidents.(教材P62)→Weareallresponsibleforpreventingaccidents.2．Recentlythenumberofpeoplefinedforspeakingontheirmobilephoneswhiledrivinghasincreasedby30percent.(教材P62)→Recentlythenumberofpeoplefinedforusingmobilephones/calling/makingacall/chatting(speaking)oncellphoneswhiledrivinghasincreasedby30percent.3．Ifyoudriveafteryouhaveconsumedalcoholicdrinksoraredrunk，youareviolatingthelawandriskingyourownlifeaswellasthelivesofothers.(教材P62)→Ifyoudriveafteryouhaveconsumedalcoholicdrinksoraredrunk，youareviolatingthelawandriskingyourownlifeandothers'lives.4．Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthattrafficlawsdonotapplytothem，butthisisnottrue.(教材P63)→Somecyclistsassume(that)trafficlawsdonotapplytothem，butthisisnottrue.5．Anothercauseofaccidentsisthatbicyclesarenotkeptingoodcondition.(教材P63)→Anothercauseofaccidentsisthatbicyclesareinbadcondition.

【課本原句】Transportisanimportantpartofourlives.(P49)交通工具是我們生活中的重要部分。transport

vt.&n.運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送，搬運(yùn)；交通工具，交通費(fèi)用transportsb/sthto把某人/物運(yùn)到……betransportedback/into被帶回到……，被帶入……publictransport公共交通roadtransport路運(yùn)transportationn.運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通

辨析transport/traffictransport作“交通”講，實(shí)指運(yùn)輸工具。traffic作“交通”講，指路上的行人車(chē)馬，著重?cái)?shù)量的多少。Hisbikeishisonlymeansoftransport.他的自行車(chē)是他唯一的交通工具。Trafficisinterruptedinmanyplaces.很多地方交通中斷了。翻譯句子①我們將用船只運(yùn)送這些產(chǎn)品。Wewilltransporttheproductsbyship.②Withthecompletionofseveralpublic________projects，suchastheMRT，commutingtoworkhasbecomeeasierforpeoplelivinginthesuburbs.(2012·常德一中11月份月考)A．transportation B．trafficC．travel D．transfer

答案A——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Passengersweretransportedincarriageswithoutwindows，whichwerepulledthroughthecomparativelynarrowtunnelsbysteamengines.(P50)乘客坐在沒(méi)有窗戶封閉的車(chē)廂里，車(chē)廂在相對(duì)狹窄的隧道里由蒸汽引擎拉動(dòng)。narrowadj.

窄的，狹窄的，狹隘的v．(使)變窄anarrowescape死里逃生，險(xiǎn)些遇險(xiǎn)anarrowvictory/defeat險(xiǎn)勝/勉強(qiáng)擊敗narrowdown縮小……的范圍narrowlyadv.勉強(qiáng)地，精細(xì)地①Doyouknowwhytherivernarrowshere(為什么河道在這兒會(huì)變窄嗎)?②Theboyhada________escapewhenheranacrosstheroadinfrontofthebus.(2012·益陽(yáng)市一中11月份月考)A．narrowB．closeC．shortD．fine答案A——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Visitourticketofficeandbuyoneofthetravelcardsthatpermityoutotravelallovertheundergroundsystem.(P51)來(lái)我們的售票處，買(mǎi)一張可以游覽整個(gè)地鐵系統(tǒng)的門(mén)票吧。

permit

vt.&vi.允許，許可n.許可證，執(zhí)照，通行證permitsbtodosth 允許某人做某事allowsbtodosth 允許某人做某事permitdoingsth 允許做某事allowdoingsth 允許做某事

【注意】具有以上用法的動(dòng)詞還有forbid，advise等。即：permit，allow，forbid，advise后直接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用doing，后跟todo時(shí)應(yīng)先接sb。辨析permitsbtodosth/promisesbtodosth(1)permitsbtodosth指允許某人做某事，動(dòng)作由對(duì)方完成。(2)promisesbtodosth指答應(yīng)某人(向?qū)Ψ匠兄Z)要做某事，動(dòng)作由承諾人完成。Fatherpromisedmetobuyanewbikeanddidn'tpermitmetolendthebiketoothers.父親許諾給我買(mǎi)一輛新自行車(chē)并且不允許我把它借給別人。①Pleasenotethat，forsafetyreasons，pushingchairsarenotpermitted(不允許)intheStateApartments.(2010·天津卷·閱讀理解A)②Promisemenevertobelate(答應(yīng)我不要遲到)again.③We'llhaveapicnicinthewoods，________.(2012·湖南桃源縣一中11月份月考)A．weatherpermits B．weatherpermitC．weatherpermitting D．ifweatherpermitting答案C——看看高考怎么考④Passengersarepermitted________onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A．tocarry B．carryingC．tobecarried D．beingcarried答案A【課本原句】AfterWorldwarⅡendedin1945，morepeopletravelledontheunderground，sothesystemwasenlargedandmorelineswereadded，includingtheVictoriaLine，whichwaslinkedwithotherlinesatalmosteverystation.(P51)1945年二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，更多人乘坐地鐵，因此地鐵系統(tǒng)被擴(kuò)大，更多的地鐵線建成；其中包括幾乎連接所有的站點(diǎn)和其他線路的維多利亞線。

enlargevt.擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)充，放大Canyouenlargephotographs？你會(huì)放大照片嗎？Bryce'sDepartmentStoreenlargeditsfurnituredepartmentaboutayearago.布賴斯百貨公司大約在1年前擴(kuò)充了其家具部。Iwanttoenlargethelawn.我想擴(kuò)大草坪的面積。Hisinterestshaverecentlyenlarged.近來(lái)，他的業(yè)余愛(ài)好更加廣泛。Thenewspaper________itseditorialstaffbyengagingtwonewpeople.A．enlargedB．lostC．missedD．Enriched答案A——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】In1854，theBritishgovernmentgaveapprovaltotheconstructionbytheMetropolitanRailwayCompanyofanundergroundrailwayinthecentreofLondon，betweenPaddingtonandFarringdon，viaKing‘sCross，StPancrasandEuston.(P50)1854年，英國(guó)政府批準(zhǔn)大都會(huì)鐵路公司在倫敦中心修建帕丁頓和法林頓之間途經(jīng)國(guó)王十字、圣潘克拉斯和尤斯頓的地下鐵路。Theplanhadtheapprovaloftheschoolauthorities.計(jì)劃得到學(xué)校當(dāng)局的認(rèn)可。Wecan'tstartthejobuntilwehavethedirector'sapproval.未經(jīng)局長(zhǎng)批準(zhǔn)我們不能開(kāi)始這項(xiàng)工作。

approval

n.贊成，同意；批準(zhǔn)approvevt. 贊許；批準(zhǔn)havesb‘sapproval 得到某人的同意meetwithsb‘sapproval 得到某人的同意obtainapproval 得到認(rèn)可receiveapproval 得到贊成approvalofauthority 當(dāng)局的批準(zhǔn)approvalofhearers 聽(tīng)眾的贊許approvalofthemajority 多數(shù)人的同意

【聯(lián)想拓展】Thefirm'sdirectorsquicklyapprovedthenewidea.公司的董事們很快贊同了這個(gè)新想法。Alanissomeonewhoalwaysneedstheapprovalofotherpeople.艾倫這個(gè)人總是凡事都希望得到別人的首肯。Thatletterwassentwithmyapproval.那封信經(jīng)過(guò)我的批準(zhǔn)才寄出。Wewon'tstartbuildingwithoutthecouncil'sapproval.沒(méi)有市議會(huì)的批準(zhǔn)，我們不會(huì)動(dòng)工。I'mafraidtheywon'tapproveofyourgoingthere.我擔(dān)心他們不會(huì)贊成你到那兒去。①Theyaresubjecttoyour________，butthefinallististobesenttothemanagerforhis________.A．obedience；approval B．a(chǎn)pproval；agreeC．a(chǎn)pproval；approval D．conformity；approval答案C——看看高考怎么考②Ourteachergaveher________toourplansforagraduationpartyandshealsopromisedtojoinus.A．a(chǎn)pproach B．a(chǎn)pplicationC．a(chǎn)ccess D．a(chǎn)pproval答案D③Hermotherdoesnot________ofhergoingtostudyintheUnitedStatesalone.A．a(chǎn)dmitB．a(chǎn)greeC．proveD．a(chǎn)pprove答案D【課本原句】However，newtrainshadtobedevelopedandtheplanrequiredraisingalargeamountofmoney，sothediggingwaspostponeduntil1860，theinitialtunnelswereopenedin1863andwerejustbeneaththesurfaceoftheground.(P50)然而需要開(kāi)發(fā)新的火車(chē)，并且這個(gè)計(jì)劃需要籌集大量的金錢(qián)，所以挖掘工作一直推遲到1860年。首批地鐵隧道于1863年開(kāi)通，這些隧道緊靠地面。Thesunisnowbeneaththehorizon.太陽(yáng)此刻落到地平線下了。Shewassittingdirectlybeneaththepainting.她坐在那幅畫(huà)的正下方。

beneath

prep.在……之下，向……下面辨析beneath/below/under(1)beneath表示“在……下方”時(shí)，與表面相接觸，與介詞on相對(duì)應(yīng)，多用于正式文體中。(2)below與介詞above相對(duì)應(yīng)，常指在某物體之下，但不一定在該物的正下方。也可指在海平面或地平線之下。(3)under與介詞over相對(duì)應(yīng)，通常表示處于正下方，一般與表面不接觸。Heworeawoolenvestbeneathhisshirt.他襯衫里面穿著一件羊毛背心。Hewaitedbelowherwindowuntilsheopeneditandspoketohim.他在窗下一直等到她開(kāi)窗和他講話。ShewascarryingherhandbagunderherarmwhenIsawher.我看到她時(shí)，她腋下夾著手提包。Itturnedoutthatshewonthefirstprizeinthecompetition，whichwas________herexpectation.A．beyond B．toC．a(chǎn)bove D．beneath答案A——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Thefloodswashedawaysoilalongtheroad.Partoftheroadisstillunderrepair.(P59)洪水沖掉了沿途的泥土，部分公路目前仍正在維修中。repairn．&v.修理，修補(bǔ)underrepair 在修理中beyondrepair 無(wú)法修補(bǔ)(修復(fù))inneedofrepair 急需修理ingoodrepair 維修良好repairthewrong 彌補(bǔ)過(guò)失

underconstruction 在興建中underdiscussion 在討論中underreview 在復(fù)習(xí)中understudy 在研究中underconsideration 在考慮中underinvestigation 在調(diào)查中undercontrol 在控制中

【聯(lián)想拓展】根據(jù)句意完成句子①Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehousewhoseroofisunderrepair.②Sarahhadherwashingmachinerepairedthedaybeforeyesterday.③Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycarisbeingrepairedatthegarage.④Asaresultoftheseriousflood，two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedrepairing.——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】In1884，theMetropolitanRailwayCompanyandtheMetropolitanDistrictRailwaylinkedup.(P50)1884年，大都會(huì)鐵路公司和大都會(huì)地區(qū)鐵路部門(mén)聯(lián)合起來(lái)了。

linkup

連接，會(huì)合，聯(lián)合belinkedwith/to...與……有關(guān)系link...with/to...把……與……連接起來(lái)，把……連接到……上linkarms挽著手臂

①Evenbelowthedrinkdrivinglink(環(huán)節(jié))，drivingwillbeaffected.(2011·福建卷·閱讀理解A)②Theyhaveplannedtolinkupthetwoareasbytelephone(用電話把兩個(gè)地區(qū)連接起來(lái))．③________tothecrime，thesuspectwasarrested.(2012·邵東創(chuàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校第3次月考)A．Linking B．LinkedC．Tobelinked D．Tolink答案B——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Thishasspeededuptravelbetweenthetwocities.(P59)這使兩個(gè)城市間的旅行變得快捷。

speedup

加速speedby

(時(shí)間) 很快地過(guò)去，飛逝speed...away 迅速將……帶離pickup/gainspeed 逐漸加速attop/fullspeed 以全速athigh/lowspeed 以高速/低速ataspeedof... 以……速度Morehaste，less/worsespeed. 欲速則不達(dá)

①What'smore，thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup(加速)”improvedtheirtopandbottomlines，averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.(2011·四川卷·閱讀理解E)②Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditup(加速)withanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.(2011·福建卷·閱讀理解A)——看看高考怎么考③Theyarebroadeningthebridgeto________theflowoftraffic.(2011·山東卷·語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)25)A．putoff B．speedupC．turnon D．workout答案B④LiuXiang'srunningcareerbeganto________afterhewonthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.(2012·武岡市一中10月份月考)A．speedup B．flyawayC．giveaway D．takeoff答案D【課本原句】Thefloodswashed_awaysoilalongtheroadandpartoftheroadisstillunderrepair.(P59)洪水沖掉了沿途的泥土，部分公路目前正在維修中。

washaway沖掉，沖垮，沖走washone‘shandsof 不再過(guò)問(wèn)，洗手不干washwell/badly 好洗/不好洗bewashedout 被拋棄，被取消washup 把……沖到岸邊

①這種布很容易洗。Thekindofclothwasheswell/easily.②Thedirtymarksontheskirtwon't________.(2012·邵東創(chuàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校第4次月考)A．washup B．bewashedoutC．washaway D．washedaway答案C——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Thisnoticeisaimedatincreasingpeople'sknowledgeoftheproblem.(P62)這個(gè)公告目的是增加人民對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí)。

beaimedat目的是，旨在，針對(duì)aimn. 目的，目標(biāo)，瞄準(zhǔn)achieveone‘saim 達(dá)到某人的目的missone‘saim 某人未擊中目標(biāo)haveahighaiminlife 胸懷壯志takeai