初中語法-形容詞副詞專題

形容詞副詞專題【知識梳理】一.形容詞主要放在名詞前面修飾名詞或放在不定代詞后面修飾不定代詞。如：abeautifulcountry,somethingimportant注意以下幾點：.有些形容詞不能修飾名詞。如：alive活著的，asleep睡著的，alone單獨(dú)的，醒著的，害怕的，生病的.以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞一般修飾表示事物的名詞，主語通常為物；以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞多指人對事物的感受，主語一般是人。例如：Thisisan（有趣的）book.Weare（感興趣的）init..作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：makemestrong,keepthedoor（關(guān)閉著）.某些形容詞前加the，表示“一類人”或“民族”，表示復(fù)數(shù)。如：The01d（老人），（窮人）二.副詞的位置.多數(shù)副詞做狀語時放在動詞之后。如果動詞帶有賓語，則放在賓語之后。例如：ShespeaksEnglishwell.她英語講得好。Mr.Smith.史密斯先生努力工作。.頻率副詞做狀語時，通常放在行為動詞之前，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和be動詞之后。例如：Ihaveneverheardhimsing.我從未聽過他唱歌。Heearly.他通常早起。Sheforschool.她經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到。.成都副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面。例如：Hedrives.他開車很小心。注意：enough做副詞用是，放在形容詞副詞的后面；做形容詞用時，則放在名詞的前面。如:夠新鮮，足夠的水

三.易混詞辨析1alone副詞，指“單獨(dú)一人”Thoughhewas onthelonely形容詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)孤單的感覺island,hedidn,tfeel 2tooalsoaswell①都表示“也”，用于肯定句②also用于句中；too，aswell用于句木Shecandance,andIcandance,too.=shecandance,andIcandance .Ihaven,treadthebookandmymotherhasn,t, .I knowaboutit.It,snotasecret.either①表示“也不”，用于否定句②用于句末3hard①形容詞，意為“困難的，硬的”②副詞，意為“努力地，（下雨，下雪等）猛烈”Itis_(難)tounderstandwhathesays.Icould (幾乎)believeit.Hestudies (努力)everyday.hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不”，屬于否定詞4good形容詞，意為“好”HisChineseisvery .HespeaksChinesevery .Heisnotfeeling today.well①副詞，意為“好”②形容詞，意為“身體好”5sometimes有時Isometimeshearfromhim.Let'sgooutsometimenextweek.Hehaslivedhereforsometime.sometime某個時候sometime一段時間6quite修飾形容詞時，一般放在a/an之前，意為“相當(dāng)”Thisisaquiteanicegarden.Thisisaverynicegarden.very修飾形容詞時，一般放在a/an之后，意為“非常，很”對點精練:( )1.Hisgrandparentsliveinasmallhouse,buttheydon,tfeel.A.lonely;alone B.alonelonely C.lonely;lonely D.alone;alone( )2.Itwasadayandshefeltvery.A.tiring;tired B.tiring;tiring C.tired;tiring D.tired;tired( )3.Whatnewsitis!Nobodyit.A.asurprising;believesasurprised;believeB.surprising;believesA.asurprising;believesasurprised;believeB.surprising;believessurprised;believe( )4.-Whowillteach oralEnglishnextterm?Canitbeanewteacher?—Perhaps.Butourheadteacherhasn,ttoldus .A.your;already B.you;yet C.you;already D.your;yet( )5.一 isitfromyourhometotheschool?-Abouttenminutes,walk.A.Howfar B.Howlong C.Howoften D.Howsoon( )6.Hesaidhewouldcometoseeus thenextafternoon.A.sometime B.sometime C.sometimes D.sometimes( )7.Thismoviewas .Hedidn,tfallasleepallnight.A.interestingenough B.enoughinterestingC.interestedenough D.enoughinterested( )8.一Themeatis delicious.一Yes,butdon,teat.A.toomuch;toomuch B.muchtoo;toomuchC.toomuch;muchtoo D.muchtoo;muchtoo( )9.Heworks andfeels everyday.A.hard;happy B.hardly;happilyC.hard;happily D.hardly;unhappily( )10.Aftertheearthquake,weheardoflotsof stories,andallofusweredeeply .A.moving;moved B.moving;movingC.moved;moving D.moved;moved四.重點句型：1.bedifferentfromHisideas (與…不同)ours.2.…thesameas…Mybookis (和…一樣)yours.3.too…todo…Heis (年紀(jì)太小而不能)gotoschool.4.…enoughtodo…Heisnot (夠年齡)togotoschool.5.itis+adj+forsb/sth+todoIt （對于我們來說有好處）toeatmorefruits.（形容事物，用for）6.itis+adj+ofsb+todoIt (你真好)tohelpmeout.(形容人，用of)

類別規(guī)則原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般情況下加-er或-esttalltallertallest以e結(jié)尾的詞，加-r或-stnicenicernicest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，先改“y”為“i”，再加-er或-esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest重讀閉音節(jié)詞只有個輔音字母，先雙寫輔音字母，再力口―er或estbigwetbiggerwetterbiggestwettest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞原級前加more/less構(gòu)成比較級，原級前加most/least構(gòu)成最高級usefulfamousexpensivemoreusefulmorefamouslessexpensivemostusefulmostfamousleastexpensive2）不規(guī)則變化：兩多，兩好，兩壞病，一少，一老，遠(yuǎn)距離?？谠E原級比較級最高級口訣原級比較級最高級兩多many/muchmoremost一十oldelder（家庭中表長幼）eldest兩好good/wellbetterbest老older（歲數(shù)大，東西舊）oldest兩壞病bad/badly/illworseworst遠(yuǎn)距離farfarther（距離遠(yuǎn)）farthest一少littlelessleastfurther（程度深，深入）furthest7....so+7....so+adj/adv+that句子He （跑得太快）thatnobodycouldcatchupwithhim.8.…such+名詞短語+that句子Itwas problem（這么困難的問題）thatIspentthewholenightsolvingit.thatIspentthewholenightsolvingit.五.形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級的構(gòu)成和用法：1.構(gòu)成：1）規(guī)則變化專練：寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級和最高級l.fast 2.hot3.lazy 4.young5.fine 6.early7.good 8.ill9.useful 10.fat11.little 12.famous13.quickly 14.many15.busy 16.bad17.old 18.wet19.few 20.far21.large 22.beautiful23.carefully 24.difficult2.用法(1)用原級a.形容詞和副詞錢又“very,quite,rather,too,so,as，等詞修飾。如：Thecarismuchtooexpensive.這輛車太昂貴。Hespokeverylowly.他講得很慢。b.表示程度相等，用“as...as(和..?一樣廣；表示程度不相等，用“notso(as)...as(和..?不一樣)”。例如：Thisboxisasbigasmine.這個盒子和我的一樣大。Shedoesn,trun（和…一樣快）he（does）.⑵用比較級和最高級a.兩個人或兩種食物相比較時，用比較級：Theboysinherclassare（高）thanthoseinyourclass.注意：①比較級前可用alot,much,abit,alittle,even,far等修飾HisEnglishismuch（好）thanmine.②兩者進(jìn)行比較時，比較對象要相同TheclimateinBeijingis（比…的天氣冷）inGuangdong.③the+比較級，表示“兩者中較..?的那個”。Sheistheolder(年齡最大)ofthetwogirls.④“形容詞比較級+and+同一形容詞比較級”，或moreandmore+形容詞(多音節(jié)詞)表示"越來越…”.如：hotterandhotter越來越熱，越來越貴⑤“the+形容詞/副詞比較級……，the+形容詞/副詞比較級……”表示"越……就越……”。youstudy,youknow.你學(xué)習(xí)月努力，懂得越多。b.三個或三個以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較時，用最高級。Shanghaiisoneof(最大)citiesinChina.注意：①形容詞最高級前要加the(有形容詞物主代詞時不用the)；副詞最高級前可加可不加the。例如：Thisis(我最高興的)day.Helistenedtotheteacher(最留心)。②形容詞前有序數(shù)詞，用最高級。TheYellowRiveris(第二長)riverinChina.③最高級的句型中，通常有一個表示范圍的短語。In表示環(huán)境范圍，in后的名詞和主語不是同一概念范疇；of、among表示對象范圍，其后的名詞與主語時同一概念范疇。Heisthetallestinhisclass.Heisthethinnestof/amongtheboys.專練：用括號內(nèi)所給詞的形容詞或副詞填空。Rainydaysmakeme.(sad)Hisfaceturned(pale)whenhesawthereport.Listentome(careful).Thenyouwillfindit(easy)todoitbyyourself.Thefishsmells(bad).Youshouldthrowittothedustbinas(quick)aspossible.Theclothlooks(beautiful)andfeels(smooth).Weshouldkeepourhands(open)andeyes(close).Themooncaketastes(sweet).Butthepricesoundstoo(expensive)It,sgetting(dark).Youcan,twalkhome(slow).真題鏈接TheChangjiangRiveristheriverinChina.A.long B.longest C.short D.shortest—Howareyoufeelingtoday?

—Much.Icangotoschoolnextweek.A.good B.better C.best D.well—Steveisgoodatwritingshortstories.—Soheis.Buthewritesthanus.Sohecan,tgetgoodgradesinwriting.A.mostcarefully B.morecarefullyC.lesscarefully D.leastcarefully一Didyougotothecinematosee3DTitanniclastnight?一No,Igotothecinema.TheticketsaretooexpensiveA.hardly B.nearly C.still D.OnlyEighteenkidsdiedintheschoolbusaccidentinGansuProvince.It,sonethatIhaveeverA.averyseriousheardof.A.averyseriousB.amoreseriousC.themostseriousD.theleastserious—WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmSoYoungdirectedbyZhaoWei?-Wonderful.Ithinkit,sthantheotherfilmsaboutyouthinrecentyears.A.thebestB.theworstC.muchbetterD.muchworseA.thebestB.theworstC.muchbetterD.muchworseTakecarewhenyouaredriving,inasummerstormlikethis.A.immediately B.especially C.probablyD.recentlyThefinalexamisveryimportant.Wemusttreatit.A.serious B.seriously C.carelessD.carelesslyBobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.I,msurehecandotheworkwithmoneyandpeople.（2015廣東）A.lesslessB.fewermoreC.morefewer D.lessfewerA.lesslessB.fewermoreC.morefewer D.lessfewerLiLawonthefirstplaceinthefinaltennisgame.Nobodyelseplayed!（2011年佛山）A.well B.better C.bestSheprefersfootballbecauseshethinkit,samongallsports.（2012年佛山）A.interesting B.moreinteresting C.themostinterestingPeoplecarealotaboutfoodsafety,fortheywanttoeat.（2013年佛山）A.health B.healthy C.healthilyTheteacheriswiseenoughtoexplainthemostdifficultquestionsinway.（2014年佛山）A.simple B.simpler C.thesimplest

課后作業(yè)：way.一、單項選擇way.)1.TheteacheriswiseenoughtoexplainthemostdifficultquestionsinA.simpleB.simplerC.thesimplestD.thesimplerA.simpleB.simplerC.thesimplestD.thesimpler)2.Thedininghallistohold300people.)2.Thedininghallistohold300people.A.enoughbigB.enoughsmallC.smallenoughD.bigenoughA.enoughbigB.enoughsmallC.smallenoughD.bigenough)3.—Whois,Tom,JimorDavid?—IthinkJimis.A.stronger)3.—Whois,Tom,JimorDavid?—IthinkJimis.A.strongerB.thestrongerC.strongestD.thestrongest)4.—What,swrongwithyoutoday?youwillfeel.—Iamquiteupset.youwillfeel.Cheerup!Themoreyousmile,the.A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappilyA.happyB.happierC.happilyD.morehappily)5.Isthiskindofpetapetdogthesedays?)5.Isthiskindofpetapetdogthesedays?A.astrendyasB.moretrendierthanA.astrendyasB.moretrendierthanC.muchtrendythanD.notsotrendierasC.muchtrendythanD.notsotrendieras)6.—Doyoulikethismovie?—Yes,it,stheoneI,veeverseen.A.betterB.bestC.good—Yes,it,stheoneI,veeverseen.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well)7.MoYanisoneofwritersintheworld.)7.MoYanisoneofwritersintheworld.A.famousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamousA.famousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamous)8.—)8.—Howwillthebossbeback? —Inthesedays.A.farB.soonC.longD.oftenA.farB.soonC.longD.often)9.TheoldtownofLijiangiswithtouristsforitsbeautifuloldbuildings.)9.TheoldtownofLijiangiswithtouristsforitsbeautifuloldbuildings.A.popularB.famousC.specialD.differentA.popularB.famousC.specialD.different)10.Ihavepreparedallthethingsweneed.Soyoudon,tneedtobe)10.Ihavepreparedallthethingsweneed.Soyoudon,tneedtobethat.A.afraidofB.sorryforC.worriedaboutD.worryofA.afraidofB.sorryforC.worriedaboutD.worryof)11.I,msurprisedthatJohnisonly25.Ithoughthewas,forheseemstobeinhisthirties.)11.I,msurprisedthatJohnisonly25.Ithoughthewas,forheseemstobeinhisthirties.A.oldB.olderC.youngD.youngerA.oldB.olderC.youngD.younger( )12.MyoldneighborCharlesfeltafterhischildrenmovedout.A.lonely B.safely C.angrily D.happily( )13.JindrivesthanTom.A.carefully B.morecarefully C.morecareful( )14.LiHuastudiesEnglishveryandherEnglishisinherclass.A.careful；good B.carefully；wellC.careful；best D.carefully；thebest( )15.—IsTinaanoutgoinggirl?—No,she,skindof.Herfacealwaysturnsredwhenshespeaksinpublic.A.shy B.active C.relaxed D.funny( )16.Mr.Liasksustorememberthatcarefulweare,mistakeswewillmakeA.themore；thefewer B.thefewer；themoreC.themore；themore D.theless；thefewer( )17.-AnumberofvolunteersarewillingtoteachinChina,sruralareas一Yes,thenumberisgetting .A.bigandbig B.largerandlargerC.muchandmuch D.moreandmore( )18.Moreandmorepeoplehavealow-Clifeandtheairisgettingmuchthanafewyearsago.A.clean B.cleanest C.cleaner D.thecleanest( )19.Lindafeltveryafterthelongway,soshestoppedtohavearestA.surprised B.shy C.tired D.excited( )20.Theworld,spopulationisgrowingandthereislandandwaterforgrowingrice.A.mores;less B.larger;fewerC.larger;less D.more;fewer二、短文填空【一】LastTuesday,MrsSmithtookhertwolittledaughterstotown1hercar.Itbegantorain2.Soshedecidedto3thechildreninthecar.Shetoldthegirlsshewouldbebacksoon.Thenshe4allthedoorsandwalkedquicklyintotheshop.Shereturnedtothecarinlessthanaquarter,buttherewerenotanygirlsinthecar.Shecould5believehereyes.Thecardoorsandwindowswere6well.7terribleshefelt!Sherusheduptoanoldmannearbyandasked8hehadseentwosmallgirls,buthesaid“No”.Suddenlysheheardalaughfromthebackofthecar.Sherantothecarandopenedthetrunk.Oh,dear!Herdaughterswere9.Withtearsinher10,shetookthemout.Jim,sfatherboughthimanewpen.Buthelostitonhis1toschoolthismorning.Whenhewentintohisclassroom,he2aredpenlyingonthefloor.He3itupatonceandthought,“Imayuseit4Ifindmine.I,lltellnobody.”Heputitintohis5.Thescienceteacher,MissGreencameinwhenthebellrang.Jimclearlysawapeninherhand.Jimstoodupandsaid,“That,smypen.”“Well,Jim,youshouldsay6toSusan.Shefoundyourpenonthestreetandgaveittomeas7asshegottoschool.Butyouknow,she8herownpenyesterdayafterschool.It,saredpen.”Jim,sface9red,even10thanthepeninhispocket.三、讀寫任務(wù)A.信息歸納請閱讀下面這篇文章，根據(jù)所提供的信息，完成下面表格。OntheafternoonofOctober13th,2011inFoshan,atwoyearoldbabygirlwasplayinginthestreetwhileherparentswerebusyworkingattheirshop.Butunfortunately,atruckwentbyandknockedintothispoorgirl.What'sw