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2023年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題(第1套)PartIWriting(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyfamilymembersuponmakingmemorableachievement.Youshouldwriteat(yī)least120wordsbutnomorethan180words.?PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)?SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronA(yù)nswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.?Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
1.A)TheInternat(yī)ionalLaborOrganizat(yī)ion'skeyobjective.
B)Thebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable.
C)Risingunemploymentworldwide.
D)Globaleconomicrecovery.
2.A)Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughjobs.?B)Fewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomiccrisis.?C)Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisis.
D)Manycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople'slivelihood.
Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.?3.A)Servestandardizedfoodnationwide.?B)Putcalorieinformationonthemenu.?C)Increaseproteincontentinthefood.
D)Offerconvenientfoodtocustomers.?4.A)Theywillbefined.
B)Theywillbeclosed.?C)Theywillgetawarning.?D)Theywilllosecustomers.?Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.A)Inabilitytoimplementtheirbusinessplans.?B)Inabilitytokeepturningoutnovelproducts.
C)Lackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirown.?D)Failuretointegrateinnovat(yī)ionintotheirbusiness.
6.A)Itisthesecrettobusinesssuccess.
B)Itisthecreationofsomethingnew.
C)Itisamagictooltobringbigrewards.?D)Itisanessentialpartofbusinessculture.?7.A)Itshardworkingemployees.?B)Itsflexiblepromotionstrat(yī)egy.
C)Itsinnovat(yī)ionculture.
D)Itswillingnesstomakeinvestments.
?SectionB
?Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversationsyouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestion-swillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion.YoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.??Questions8to11arebasedontheconversat(yī)ionyouhavejustheard.?
8.A)He'sgotaddictedtotechnology.?B)Heisnotverygoodatsocializing.?C)Heiscrazyabouttext-messaging.
D)Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.?9.A)Talkbig.?B)Talkatlength.
C)Gossipalot.
D)Forgetherself.
10.A)Hethoughtitwascool.
B)Heneededthepractice.?C)Hewantedtostayconnectedwiththem.
D)Hehadanurgentmessagetosend.
11.A)Itposesachallengetoseniors.
B)Itsavesbothtimeandmoney.
C)Itischildishandunprofessional.
D)Itiscoolandconvenient.
Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.?
12.A)Hewantstochangehisjobassignment.
B)Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager.
C)Hethinkshedeservesextrapayforovertime.
D)Heisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhisboss.
?13.A)Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy.
B)Hisimmediatebossdidnottrusthim.?C)Hiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtocooperate.?D)Hissalarywastoolowforhisresponsibility.?14.A)Heneverknowshowtorefuse.?B)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.?C)Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim.
D)Hisbosshasnosenseoffairness.
15.A)Putallhiscomplaintsinwriting.
B)Waitandseewhathappensnext.
C)Learntosaynowhennecessary.?D)Talktohisbossinpersonfirst.
?SectionC?
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
?16.A)Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife.
B)ReasonsforAmericans'declineinsleep.?C)Sometipstoimprovethequalityofsleep.?D)Diseasesassociatedwithlackofsleep.
17.A)Theyaremorehealth-conscious.
B)Theyarechangingtheirlivinghabits.?C)Theygetlessandlesssleep.?D)Theyknowthedangersoflackofsleep.?18.A)Theirweightwillgodown.
B)Theirmindfunctionwilldeteriorat(yī)e.?C)Theirworkefficiencywilldecrease.?D)Theirbloodpressurewillrise.??Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.?
19.A)Howmuchyoucanaffordtopay.?B)Whatcourseyouaregoingtochoose.
C)Whichuniversityyouaregoingtoapplyto.
D)Whenyouaregoingtosubmityourapplication.
20.A)Thelistofcoursesstudied.?B)Thefullrecordofscores.
C)Thereferencesfromteachers.
D)Thepersonalstatement.
21.A)Specifywhattheywouldliketodoaftergraduation.
B)Describeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoystudying.?C)Indicatetheyhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.
D)Emphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheuniversity.
Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
?22.A)Itwasequippedwithrubbertyres.
B)Itwasbuiltinthelat(yī)e19thcentury.?C)ItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalfamily.?D)ItwasdesignedbyanEnglishengineer.
23.A)Theyconsumedlotsofpetrol.
B)Theytooktwopassengersonly.
C)Theyweredifficulttodrive.
D)Theyoftenbrokedown.
24.A)Theywducedontheassemblyline.?B)Theywerebuiltwithlesscostlymaterials.
C)TheyweremodeledafterBritishcars.?D)Theyweremadeforordinaryuse.
25.A)Itmadenewsallovertheworld.?B)ItwasbuiltfortheRoyalfamily.
C)Itmarkedanewerainmotortravel.
D)Itattractedlargenumbersofmotorists.ListeningComprehension?SectionA?
(1)TheInternat(yī)ionalLaborOrganizationsaysthenumberofpeoplewithoutjobsisincreasing.Initslat(yī)estupdateonglobalemploymenttrends,theagencyjectionsofthenumberofunemployedpeoplethisyearrangefrom210milliontonearly240millionpeople.Thereportwarnsthat200millionpoorworkersareatriskofjoiningtheranksofpeoplelivingonlessthan2dollarsperdayinthepastthreeyears.ThedirectorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganizationJuanSomavianotesthat(yī)somecountrieshavetakenmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsoftheglobalcrisis.(2)However,hepointsoutthatmanycountrieshavenotdoneso.Andbasedonpastexperiences,ittakesfourtofiveyearsaftereconomicrecoveryforunemploymenttoreturntopre-crisislevels.Mr.SomaviasaystheInternationalLaborOrganizatposingaglobaljobs'agreementtodealwithunemployment.“Itskeyobjectiveistoplacethecenterofrecoveryefforts—measuresthatwouldgeneratehighlevelsofemploymentandprovidebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable."1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?[參考答案]C[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是國際勞工組織的重要目的,選項(xiàng)B是對弱勢群體的社會保障,選項(xiàng)C是世界各地失業(yè)率增長,選項(xiàng)D是全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與失業(yè)或就業(yè)有關(guān)。[答案詳解]新聞開頭提到國際勞工組織公布,失業(yè)人數(shù)連續(xù)上漲。接下來提到一些國家采用措施應(yīng)對全球危機(jī),而有些國家則沒有重視此危機(jī)。對此,國際勞工組織提出解決失業(yè)的協(xié)議。選項(xiàng)C全面地概括了新聞報(bào)道的大意。故選C。2.Whatdoes,JuanSomavia,directorgeneraloftheInternat(yī)ionalLaborOrganizationsay?[參考答案]A[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是許多國家都沒有采用措施發(fā)明足夠的工作機(jī)會,選項(xiàng)B是很少國家知道怎么處理當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),選項(xiàng)C是很少國家意識到目前危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重性,選項(xiàng)D是許多國家需要支持來改善國民的生活。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與與家和經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)有關(guān)。[答案詳解]總干事說現(xiàn)在許多國家還沒有采用措施解決全球危機(jī)。故選A。選項(xiàng)B中許多國家沒有采用措施,并不意味著它們不知道怎么解決;選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D未提及。(3)?BigfastfoodchainsinNewYorkCityhavestartedtoobeyafirst-of-its-kindrule,requiringthemtopostcaloriecountsrightonthemenu.CathyNonasiswiththeNewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth.uWewantedtogivepeopleanopportunitytoactuallyseethecaloriesbeforetheypurchasethefoodandmakeadecisionandinformdecision.Thatiftheywanttomaketheirhealthierchoice,iftheywanttoeat(yī)fewercalories,theycan.Andweexpectthiswillhaveahugeimpactonobesity.Andofcourse,ifithasanimpactonobesity,itwillhaveanimpactondiabetes,andheartdisease,andhighbloodpressure.MThenewruleswillbeintroducedasapartofanti-obesitycampaignthatalsoincludesarecentcitywidebanonartificialtransfatsinrestaurantfood.Themenuruleonlyappliestorestaurantsthatservestandardizedpotionsizesandhavefiftyormorelocationsnationwide.StartinglastSat(yī)urday,(4)ctiainsbigenoughtofallunderthernlewillfacepenaltiesabout2,000dollarsfornotshowingcalorieinformationinaprominentspotontheirmenus,preferablynexttotheprice.3.?WhatarebigfastfoodchainsinNewYorkCityrequiredtodoaccordingtothenewrule?[參考答案]B[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是在全國范圍內(nèi)提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)食物,選項(xiàng)B是在菜單上標(biāo)注有關(guān)卡路里的信息,選項(xiàng)C是在食物中增長蛋白質(zhì)含量,選項(xiàng)D是給顧客提供快餐。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與食物有關(guān)。[答案詳解]新聞開頭提到,要遵守的第一條規(guī)則就是在菜單上標(biāo)明有關(guān)卡路里的信息。故選B。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。4. Whatwillhappentobigrestaurantchainsthatviolatethenewrule?[參考答案]A[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是它們會被罰款,選項(xiàng)B是它們會停業(yè),選項(xiàng)C是它們會被警告,選項(xiàng)D是它們將失去顧客。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與某事件的結(jié)果有關(guān)。[答案詳解]新聞中提到假如違反規(guī)則,就會被罰約兩千美金,故選A。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。(5)?Almostallcompaniesrecognizetheimportanceofinnovationtoday,butnotmanyareabletointegrateinnovat(yī)ionintotheirbusiness.AcommentaryintheShanghaiDailypointsoutthatinnovationdoesn'tmeanpilesofdocuments.It'ssomethingmorepractical.(6) Thearticlesaysmanypeopletendtoassumethatinnovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit'smorethanthat.It'sanattitudeofdoingthings.Acompanyshouldfindwaystoinnovatenotjustinproductsbutalsoinfunctions,businessmodelsandprocesses.(7)?Thearticlecitestheglobal^iantProcter&Gambleasanexample,sayingarealinnovativecompanyshoulddevelopaninnovationcultureanduseitasaprimarytoolforsuccess.Procter&Gamblehasa"CorporateInnovationFund",whichoffersbigrewardsforhigh-riskideasthatsucceed.Italsohasaspecialinnovationfacilityforitsemployees.Sometimesitsemployeesarereleasedfromtheirdailyjobsforweeks,andspendtheirtimeinteractingintheinnovationfacilityinstead.Inconclusion,thearticlesaysinnovativeideasalonedonotensuresuccess.It'spointlessunlessthereisarepeatableprocessinplacetoturninspirationintofinancialperformance.5. whatistheproblemwithmapaniesaccordingtothenewsreport?[參考答案]D[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是沒有能力實(shí)行它們的工作計(jì)劃,選項(xiàng)B是沒有能力連續(xù)生產(chǎn)新奇產(chǎn)品,選項(xiàng)C是缺少它們自己的成功商業(yè)模式,選項(xiàng)D是沒有將創(chuàng)新融入它們的工作。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與公司的問題有關(guān)。[答案詳解]新聞開頭提到今天幾乎所有公司都意識到創(chuàng)新的重要性,但能將創(chuàng)新融入工作的并不多。故選D。選項(xiàng)B中沒有能力連續(xù)生產(chǎn)新奇產(chǎn)品,這是人們對創(chuàng)新的錯誤見解。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C未提及。6.?Whatdomanypeopletendtothinkofinnovation?[參考答案]B[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是它是公司成功的秘訣,選項(xiàng)B是它是發(fā)明新的東西,選項(xiàng)C是它是帶來巨大收益的神奇工具,選項(xiàng)D是它是公司文化的重要部分。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與某物的功能有關(guān)。[答案詳解]新聞中提到一些人認(rèn)為創(chuàng)新就是發(fā)明新的東西。故選B。7.?What(yī)doesthecompanyProcter&Gambleoweitssuccessto?[參考答案]C[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是努力工作的員工,選項(xiàng)B是靈活的促銷措施,選項(xiàng)C是創(chuàng)新的文化觀念,選項(xiàng)D是投資意愿。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與公司的發(fā)展措施有關(guān)。[答案詳解]新聞中提到寶潔公司認(rèn)為,真正的創(chuàng)新是要有創(chuàng)新的文化,這是成功的基本工具。故選C。SectionBConversationOnelM:So,Linzy,doyouliketotextmessageonyourcellphone?W:Yeah,Itextmessagealot.M:Idon'tdoitsomuch.IprefertomakeacallifTminahurry.W:Yeah,Igobothways.SometimesIdon'treallywanttotalktotheperson.Ijustwanttoaskthemonequestion,soit,smucheasierformejusttotextmessage.(9)If1callthem,I'llhavetohavealongconversation.M:Yeah,Icanseewhatyoumean.(8)ButIgetoffthephoneprettyquicklywhenIcall.I'mnotabigtalker.W:Yeah,that'strue.Youdon'ttalkalot.M:Soareyoufastatwritingthemessageswithyourthumb?W:Well,whenIfirstgotacellphone,Iwassoslow.IthoughtIwouldnevertextmessage.Butthenpeoplekepttext-messagingme,soIfeltobligedtolearnhowtotextmessage.SonowI'mprettyfast.Whataboutyou?M:ActuallyIhavetheoppositeproblem.(10)WhenIfirstgotmycellphone,Ithoughtitwassocooltotextmessageallmyfriendswhohaveone,andIwasprettyfastwithmythumbthen.ButitseemslikenowIdon11useitsomuch.I'vegotsloweractually.W:Yeah,Ithinktextmessagingactuallysortofhastodowithyourage.Forexample,peopleinhighschool,theytextmessagealot.ButIaskedmyfat(yī)herifhetextedmessages,andguesswhathesaid?M:What?W:Hesaidhe'dnevertextmessage.(11)Hethinksit'sverychildishandunprofessionaltotextmessage.M:Yeah,Icanseewhathemeans.It'sconsideredprettyinformaltotextmessagetosomeone.8.?Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself?[參考答案]D[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他沉迷于科技,選項(xiàng)B是他不擅長社交,選項(xiàng)C是他很熱衷于發(fā)短信,選項(xiàng)D是他打電話時間不長。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與男士的習(xí)慣有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話中提到他打電話的時候不久就掛斷了,他不喜歡說太久。故選D。對話提到男士剛有手機(jī)的時候?qū)Πl(fā)短信很狂熱,而并非現(xiàn)在,選項(xiàng)C錯誤。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B未提及.9.?Whatdoesthewomantendtodowhilesheisonthephone?[參考答案]B[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是說大話,選項(xiàng)B是說得很久,選項(xiàng)C是很八卦,選項(xiàng)D是忘乎所以。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與某人的說話有關(guān)。[答案詳解】對話中提到女士只要一打電話就會說得很久。故選B。10.?Whydidthemantextmessageallhisfriendswhenhefirstgothiscellphone?[參考答案]A[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他認(rèn)為很酷,選項(xiàng)B是他需要練習(xí),選項(xiàng)C是他想和他們保持聯(lián)系,選項(xiàng)D是他有緊急信息要發(fā)送。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與男士的想法有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話中提到他剛有手機(jī)的時候認(rèn)為給有手機(jī)的朋友發(fā)信息很酷。故選A。其他選項(xiàng)均未提及。11.?Whatdoesthewoman'sfatherthinkoftextmessaging?[參考答案]C[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是它對年長的人有挑戰(zhàn)性,選項(xiàng)B是它節(jié)省時間和錢,選項(xiàng)C是它是幼稚的、不專業(yè)的,選項(xiàng)D是它是酷的、方便的。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與某事有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話中提到女十的父親認(rèn)為發(fā)短信是幼稚且不專業(yè)的,故選C。其他選項(xiàng)均未提及。ConversationTwoW:Goodmoming,Mr.Johnson.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Well,I'dliketotalktoyouaboutTimBond,thedepartmentmanager.W:Whatseemstobetheproblem?M:Well,eversinceSandraleftthedepartment,(12)IfeellikeI'vebeentargetedtodoallherworkaswellasmine.I'mexpectedtoattendtoomanymeetingsandIseemtobespendingalotofmytimedoingunnecessarypaperwork.W:I'msorrytohearthat.M:And,ontopofthat,(13_1)I'dspecificallyaskedifIcouldleaveearlylastFridayasJdonealotofovertimeduringtheweek.Butthatafternoon,eventhoughI'dfinishedmyassignedwork,Iwastoldtohelpothercolleaguesfinishtheirwork,too.W:(14)Butsurelythat'sapositivesignshowingthatMr.Bondhasalotoftrustinyou.M:Yest(13-2)butothercolleaguesgettoleaveearly,andtheydon'thavesuchalotofworktodo.W:Soyoufeelhe'sreallymakingunrealisticdemandsonyou?M:Yes,absolutely.W:HaveyouapproachedMr.Bondaboutthisparticularproblem?M:I'vetried,butitseemslikehejusthasnotimeforme.W:Well,atthisstage,itwouldbebetterifyouapproachedhimdirectly.Ifnothingelseshowingthatyou'vetriedtosolvetheproblemyourselfbeforeyoutakeitfurther,makeitclearthatyou'rejustnotacomplainer.(15)Whydon'tyousendanemailrequestingameetingwithhiminprivate?M:Hmm,I'vebeenabitworriedabouthisreaction.Butanyway,I'llsendhimanemailtorequestameeting,andI'llseewhathappensthroughthat.Thanksforyouradvice.W:Goodluck.Andletusknowtheoutcome.12.?What(yī)dowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?[參考答案]B[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他想要改變他的T.作任務(wù)分派,選項(xiàng)B是他對他的主管不滿,選項(xiàng)C是他認(rèn)為他應(yīng)得到額外的加班費(fèi),選項(xiàng)D是他經(jīng)常被老板批評。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與男士的工作有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話提到他的老板分派給他很多任務(wù),除了做自己的,還要做別人的。他要出席太多會議,似乎花費(fèi)很多個人時間在做一些不必要的文書工作。故選B。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。13. Whatistheman'schiefcomplaint?[參考答案]A[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他的工作埴太大,選項(xiàng)B是他的立接領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不信任他,選項(xiàng)C是他的同事經(jīng)常拒絕和他合作,選項(xiàng)I)是相對他在工作中承擔(dān)的責(zé)任而言,他的工資太低。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與男士的工作情況有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話中提到其他的同事工作量小,都可以早下班。而他本來認(rèn)為自己完畢任務(wù)了可以早走,結(jié)果老板又讓他幫助其他同事完畢工作任務(wù)。故選A。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。14.?HowdoesthewomaninterpretthefacttliatthemanwasaskedtohelpHiscolleagueswiththeirwork?[參考答案]C[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他歷來不知道怎么拒絕,選項(xiàng)B是他總是樂于助人,選項(xiàng)C是他的老板很信任他.選項(xiàng)D是他的老板沒有公平觀念。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與男士的經(jīng)歷有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話提到女士認(rèn)為男士的老板相信他,才讓他做那么多事情。故選C。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。15. Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantodo?[參考答案]D[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是把所有抱怨寫下來,選項(xiàng)B是等待并看看接下來會發(fā)生什么,選項(xiàng)C是在必要時候?qū)W會說“不”,選項(xiàng)D是先單獨(dú)跟他老板談?wù)劇S蛇x項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與解決方法有關(guān)。[答案詳解]對話中女士建議男士發(fā)送郵件約老板單獨(dú)見面談?wù)劇9蔬xD。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。SectionCPassageOneThemassivedeclineinsleephappenedsoslowlyandquietlythat(yī)fewseemedtonoticethetrend.WasitbecrauseofthegrowingattractionoftheInternet,videogamesandendlessTVchannels?Neverdisconnectingfromwork?Nomatterhowithappened,millionsofAmericansareputtingtheirhealth,qualityoflifeandevenlengthoflifeindanger.(16-1)Newevidenceshowswhygettingenoughsleepisatoppriority.Some40%ofAmericansgetlessthan7hoursofshut-eyeonweeknights.“Thelinkbetweensleepandhealth,andbadsleepanddiseaseisbecomingclearerandclearer,”saysLawTenceAlberstaine,asleepexpertatHarvardUniversity.Forexample,(17)sleepdurationhasdeclinedfromsome8hoursinthe1950sto7inrecentyears.Althesametime,highbloodpressurehasbecomeanincreasingproblem.Bloodpressureandheartrat(yī)earetypicallyattheirlowestlevelsduringsleep.(18)Peoplewhosleeplesstendtohavehigherbloodpressure,heartattack,diabetes,weightgainandotherproblems.Sleepingbettermayhelpfightoffillness.Whenpeoplearesleep-deprived,therearehigherlevelsofstresshormonesintheirIxxlieswhichcandecreaseiminunefunction.saysDoctorFelice,ofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.(16-2)AuniversityofChicagostudyshowspeoplewhosleepwelllivelonger.Sosay"goodnight",sooneranditmayhelpyoustayactiveandvitaltoaripeoldage.16.?Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?[參考答案]A[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是睡眠對健康生活的東要性,選項(xiàng)B是美國人睡覺時間減少的因素,選項(xiàng)C是改善睡眠質(zhì)量的幾點(diǎn)建議,選項(xiàng)D是疾病和睡眠局限性有聯(lián)系。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與睡眠有關(guān)。[答案詳解]短文中提到新的數(shù)據(jù)證明為什么充足的睡眠是最電要的,后面給出事實(shí),最后短文中又提到“睡得好,活得久”的研究結(jié)果,推測出短文重要說的是睡眠對健康的重要性。故選A。選項(xiàng)B文中雖有提及,但并不是重要討論內(nèi)容;選項(xiàng)C未提及'作者證明睡眠重要性時給出的例證可證明選項(xiàng)D中的觀點(diǎn)對的,但不是重要論述的內(nèi)容17. What(yī)dowelearnfromthetalkabouttoday'sAmericans?[參考答案]C[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他們更有健朿意識,選項(xiàng)B是他們正在改變生活習(xí)慣,選項(xiàng)C是他們的睡眠越來越少,選項(xiàng)D是他們知道缺少睡眠的危害。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與—些人的生活習(xí)慣有關(guān)。[答案詳解]短文中提到他們的睡眠時間從20世紀(jì)50年代的8小時左右減少到近幾年的7小時,說明他們的睡覺時間越來越少。故選C。選項(xiàng)B中生活習(xí)慣涉及各個方面,答案太泛化。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)D未提及。18.?Whatdoesthespeakersaywillhappentopeoplewholacksleep?[參考答案]D[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是他們的體重下降,選項(xiàng)B是他們的思維功能退化,選項(xiàng)C是他們的工作效率下降,選項(xiàng)D是他們的血壓升高。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與一些人的身體狀況有關(guān)。[答案詳解]短文中提到睡眠時間缺少將導(dǎo)致血壓升高。故選D。PassageTwoParentsandteacherswilltellyounottoworr)1wlienapplyingforaplaceatauniversity.Butinthesamebreathwewillremindyouthatitisthemostimportantdecisionofyourlife.(19)Thefirstdecisionisyourchoiceofcourse.Itwilldependonwhatyouwanttogetoutofuniversity,what(yī)youaregoodatandwhat(yī)youenjoy.Thenextdecisioniswheretoapply.Aimhighbutwithinreason.Doyouhavetherightcombinalionofsubjectsandareyourexpectedgradeslikelytomeetentryrequirements?ThedeadlineisJanuary15th.Butitisbesttosubmityourap?plicat(yī)ionearlybecauseuniversitiesbeginworkassoonasformsstartrollingin.(20)Themostimportantpartoftheapplicat(yī)ionisthemuchfearedpersonalstatement.Thisisyourchancetoconveyboundlessenthusiasmforthesubject.Soeconomyofexpressionisforemost.Omitdullandineffectivegeneralitiesandmakesureyougiveconcreteexamples.(21-1)Admissionsofficersreadever>rpersonalstatementthatarrives.Itisnotconvincingifyousayyouhavechosenthesubjectbecauseyouenjoyit.Youhavetogetacrosswhatitisaboutaparticularareathathasinspiredyou.(21-2)Theywilllookforevidencethatyouhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.Appli-cantsshouldbehonest.Thereisnopointsayingyourunmarathons,ifyouaregoingtobeoutofbreat(yī)harrivingat(yī)theinterviewonthesecondfloor. 19.?Whatisthefirstdecisionyoushouldmakeinpreparingtoapplyforaplaceat(yī)auniversity?[參考答案]B[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是你可以支付多少,選項(xiàng)B是你將選擇什么課程,選項(xiàng)C是你想申請哪所大學(xué),選項(xiàng)D是什么時候遞交你的申請。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與上大學(xué)前的準(zhǔn)備工作有關(guān)。[答案詳解]短文中提到第一個決定是課程的選擇。故選B。選項(xiàng)A未提及,選項(xiàng)C中你想申請哪所大學(xué)是第二個選擇,選項(xiàng)D是選擇大學(xué)之后要做的事情。20. Whatisthemostimportantpartoftheapplication?[參考答案]D[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是課程學(xué)習(xí)單,選項(xiàng)B是成績的所有記錄,選項(xiàng)C是老師的推薦,選項(xiàng)D是個人陳述。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與學(xué)生有關(guān)。[答案詳解]短文中提到最重要的是個人的陳述。故選D。其他選項(xiàng)未提及。21.?What(yī)mustapplicantsdointheirpersonalstat(yī)ements?[參考答案]C[解題技巧]選項(xiàng)A是具體細(xì)化畢業(yè)后想做的事情,選項(xiàng)B是具體描述他們多么喜歡學(xué)習(xí),選項(xiàng)C是表白他們已經(jīng)思考過這個學(xué)科,選項(xiàng)D是強(qiáng)調(diào)他們欽佩大學(xué)的專家。由選項(xiàng)可知,此題應(yīng)與學(xué)生有關(guān)。[答案詳解]短文中提到管理者將會看你的每一條陳述,看你對這門學(xué)科的理解和思考。故選C。具體描述多么喜歡學(xué)習(xí)是沒有說服力的,選項(xiàng)B錯誤。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)D未提及。PassageThree(22)ItisusuallyagreedthataGerman,CarlBensbuiltthefirst
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