自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)(濟(jì)南大學(xué)版)

自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語(yǔ)濟(jì)南大學(xué)自動(dòng)化學(xué)院出版適應(yīng)于各高校自動(dòng)化專業(yè)1.1IntroductiontoProcessControl2.Putthefollowingintochineseperformance性能processplant過(guò)程系統(tǒng)processcontrol過(guò)程控制reference參考o(jì)peratingconditions運(yùn)行條件disturbance擾動(dòng)，干擾Automaticcontrol自動(dòng)控制Manualcontrol手動(dòng)控制，人工控制Perfectcontrol完美控制Feedbackcontrol反饋控制Setpoint設(shè)定值Controlledvariable被控變量23PutthefollowingintoEnglish帶攪拌加熱器stirred-tankheater密度density比熱容specificheatcapacity熱容heatcapacity熱損失heatloss負(fù)反饋negativefeedback正反饋positivefeedback前饋控制策略feedforwardcontrolstrategy控制器controller31.1IntroductiontoProcessControl1.2Whatisfeedbackandwhatareitseffects?2.PutthefollowingintochineseStability穩(wěn)定性sensitivity靈敏度Actuator執(zhí)行器sensor傳感器Transducer傳感器linearquadraticregulator線性二次調(diào)節(jié)器Linearquadratic線性二次型controller控制器Simulation仿真temperature溫度Flowrate流速pressure壓力Concentration濃度level液位，液面41.2Whatisfeedbackandwhatareitseffects?3PutthefollowingintoEnglish幅值magnitude相角phase閉環(huán)closed-loop開(kāi)環(huán)open-loop可編程邏輯控制器programmablelogiccontroller(PLC)模型model黑箱black-box經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ蚭mpiricalmodel比例proportional比例加微分proportionalplusderivative(PD)比例加積分proportionalplusintegral(PI)比例加積分加微分proportionalplusintegralplusderivative(PID)51.3Stabilityofclosed-loopcontrolsystems2.PutthefollowingintochineseOscillatory振動(dòng)的damp衰減Unstable不穩(wěn)定地complexnumber復(fù)數(shù)Controlledvariable被控變量Manipulatedvariable操縱變量Loadvariable負(fù)載變量error誤差Processtransferfunction過(guò)程傳遞函數(shù)Pole-zerocancellation零極相消Self-regulating自調(diào)節(jié)61.3Stabilityofclosed-loopcontrolsystems3PutthefollowingintoEnglish判據(jù)criteria拉氏變換Laplacetransform零點(diǎn)zero-point極點(diǎn)pole-point特征方程characteristicequation系數(shù)parameter/coefficient偏差變量deviationvariable比較器comparator伺服問(wèn)題servoproblem給定變化givenchanges負(fù)載變化loadfluctuation/variationinload71.4Thedesignprocessofcontrolsystem2.PutthefollowingintochineseDesign設(shè)計(jì)decision決定，決策M(jìn)ethodology方法論productivity生產(chǎn)率，生產(chǎn)力Investment投資fundamental基礎(chǔ)的Evaluating評(píng)價(jià)benifit利潤(rùn)，益處Distillationcolumn分裂蒸餾塔Overhead在頭上的,高架的processdynamic過(guò)程動(dòng)態(tài)Manipulatableinput可操作輸入observableoutput可觀測(cè)輸出Measurabledisturbance可測(cè)量擾動(dòng)81.4Thedesignprocessofcontrolsystem3PutthefollowingintoEnglish控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)controlsystemdesign設(shè)計(jì)模型designmodel煉油oilrefinery化工chemical(engineering)電力(electric)power造紙paper(making)水泥cement紡織textile塑料plastic鋼鐵steel(ironandsteel)航空航天aerospace(AeronauticsandAstronautics)再沸器reboiler91.5Controllertunning2.PutthefollowingintochineseSetting設(shè)置tunning整定，調(diào)節(jié)Trialanderror試差法guideline方針，指南Averagingcontrol平均控制residencetime滯留時(shí)間Eliminate消除ultimategain臨界增益Time-consuming耗時(shí)的continuouscyclingmethod連續(xù)周期法Decayratio衰減比率Processreactioncurvemethod過(guò)程響應(yīng)曲線法Ziegler-Nicholstunning齊格勒－尼柯?tīng)査拐ǚ?01.5Controllertunning3PutthefollowingintoEnglish流量控制flowcontrol液面控制levelcontrol壓力控制pressurecontrol溫度控制temperaturecontrol成分控制compositioncontrol臨界增益法ultimategainmethod臨界周期ultimatecycling超調(diào)overshoot熱交換器heatexchanger化學(xué)反應(yīng)器chemicalreactor汽化器vaporization(carburettor)112.1Pressuremeasurements1.PutthefollowingintochineseAtmosphericpressure大氣壓absolutepressure絕壓Gaugepressure表壓differentialpressure差壓Totalvacuum完全真空diaphragm膜片Capsule膜盒bellow波紋管Bourdontube波登管silicondiaphragm硅膜片122.1Pressuremeasurements2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish英制Britishsystem公制metricsystem擴(kuò)散硅壓力傳感器diffusesiliconpressuresensor壓力傳感器pressuresensor差壓變送器differentialpressuretransmitter壓力傳感器元件pressuresensorelement波登管壓力表Burdontubepiezometer(Burdontubepressuregauges)132.2Levelmeasurements1.PutthefollowingintochineseLevelmeasurement液位測(cè)量container容器Interface界面buoyancy浮力Immersed浸沒(méi)radium鐳Capacitiveprobe電容電極nonconductive不導(dǎo)電的Dielectricconstant介電常數(shù)sightglass玻璃液面計(jì)Float浮體，浮球，浮標(biāo)levelformula液位公式142.2Levelmeasurements2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish密度density浮力式液面計(jì)buoyancylevelmeter浮球float標(biāo)尺scale電位計(jì)potentiometer導(dǎo)電電極conductiveprobe電容電極capacitiveprobe超聲波ultrasonicwave張力式儀表tensiongauge應(yīng)變儀straingauge荷重傳感器loadsensor152.3Flowmeasurements1.PutthefollowingintochineseFlowrate流速accounting統(tǒng)計(jì)，計(jì)算Laminarflow層流energylosses能量損失Totalflow總體流量pressureenergy壓能Kineticenergy動(dòng)能potentialenergy勢(shì)能Restriction約束，限制orificeplate孔板Venturitube文丘里管flownozzle測(cè)流嘴Elbow肘，彎管接頭rotameter轉(zhuǎn)子流量計(jì)Massflow質(zhì)量流162.3Flowmeasurements2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish雷諾數(shù)Reynoldsnumber流型flowpatterns伯努利方程Bernoulliequation流速flowrate湍流turbulentflow黏度viscosity能量守恒energyconservatism摩擦力friction參考點(diǎn)refrencepoint重力加速度accofgravity連續(xù)性方程continuityequation172.4Temperaturemeasurements2.PutthefollowingintochineseSphere范圍fundamentalstandard基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Absolutestandard絕對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)thermoeletriceffect熱電勢(shì)效應(yīng)Resistencechange電阻變化thermography熱像儀Thermalexpansion熱膨脹resonantfrequency諧振頻率Fiberoptic光纖acousticthermometry聲測(cè)溫技術(shù)Colorchange顏色變化expensive貴的Ceramicbeaded陶瓷珠狀junction連接點(diǎn)182.4Temperaturemeasurements3.PutthefollowingintoEnglish熱電偶thermocouple熱電阻thermalresistance冰點(diǎn)freezingpoint沸點(diǎn)boilingpoint固態(tài)solid(state)液態(tài)liquid(state)氣態(tài)gaseous(state)國(guó)際實(shí)用溫標(biāo)Internationalpracticaltemperaturescale(IPTS)物理原理physicalprinciple電動(dòng)勢(shì)electromotiveforce(e.m.f)不銹鋼stainlesssteel接地的grounded隔離