動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

高中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講解動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)大多是通過(guò)副詞來(lái)表達(dá)的，而英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是靠動(dòng)詞的變化和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)的。英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種，但是常考的或較常用的只有9種，而且重點(diǎn)測(cè)試完成時(shí)態(tài)。要掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do,be,have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題。1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。Heusuallygoestoworkat7o’clockeverymorning.ShehasabrotherwholivesinNewYork.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.GuangzhouissituatedinthesouthofChina.考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間：when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;條件：if,unless,provided.Ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.考點(diǎn)三：在makesure(certain),seetoit,mind,care,matter+賓語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Solongasheworkshard,Idon'tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)?？键c(diǎn)四：在themore?themore…(越 越 )句型中,若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)：或表感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與頻率副詞，如always,constantly,continually,again等連用表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。WearehavingEnglishclass.Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.Thelittleboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.考點(diǎn)一:在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Lookoutwhenyouarecrossingthestreet.Don'twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。MarryisleavingonFriday.3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：考點(diǎn)一：for+時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.考點(diǎn)二:常見(jiàn)的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately;recently,just,already,yet,uptonow;tillnow;sofar,thesedays,Hasitstoppedrainingyet?考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days；overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞+that”后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten..一般過(guò)去時(shí)表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用，如：yesterday;lastweek;in1945,atthattime;once;duringthewar;before;afewdaysago;when,注意：考點(diǎn)一：usedto+do,表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。to為不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原形。be/become/getusedto+doing,表示習(xí)慣于Heusedtosmokealot.Hehasgotusedtogettingupearly.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。Hepromisedtobuymeacomputerifhegotaraise.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Hewastakingawalkleisurelybythelakewhenheheardsomeoneshoutedforhelp.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyoucalledme..過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用（before,after,by,uptill）Therehadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Theyfinishedearlierthanwehadexpected.考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when;nosooner...than句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.（注意主謂倒裝）考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwas3yearssincewehadpartedo考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。IhadhopedthatIcoulddothejob.IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy..一般將來(lái)時(shí)表在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow,nextyear,in2008等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，其表現(xiàn)形式多達(dá)5種。Beijingwillhostthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.考點(diǎn)一：一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中：Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.（主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。）考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.考點(diǎn)三：“祈使句+and/or+句子”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Useyourheadandyouwillfindaway.考點(diǎn)四：“am(is,are)goingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生的事?！癮m(is,are)aboutto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?！癮m(is,are)to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計(jì)劃將要做的事。TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.8、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。I’llbedoingmyhomeworkthistimetomorrow.明天這會(huì)我正在寫(xiě)作業(yè)。ThePresidentwillbemeetingtheforeigndelegationattheairport.9、將來(lái)完成時(shí)表在將來(lái)某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯?？键c(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用by+將來(lái)的時(shí)間。如：bytheendofthisyear,by8o'clockthisevening,byMarchnextyear以及由bythetime…，before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句。Bytheendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000milesonfoot.Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.BynextTuesday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexams.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。Thechildrenwilldotheirhomeworkthemomenttheyhavearrivedbackfromschool.10.動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者，做題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考，只是需要注意以下考點(diǎn)。考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become,rise,occur,belong,breakout,appear,arrive,die,fall,last,exist,fail,succeedIttookplacebeforeliberation.考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義,而且常與well,quite,easily,badly等副詞連用。lock（鎖）；wash（洗）;sell（賣）;read（讀）;wear（穿）;blame（責(zé)備）；ride（乘坐）；write（寫(xiě)）；Glassbreakseasily.玻璃容易破碎。Thecarridessmoothly.這車走起來(lái)很穩(wěn)。Thecaselockseasily.這箱子很好鎖。Thebooksellswell.這本書(shū)很暢銷?？键c(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：Itissaid?,Itisreported?,Itiswidelybelieved…，Itisexpected?,Itisestimated…，這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)……”，"人們認(rèn)為……”，而“以前人們認(rèn)為 ”則應(yīng)該說(shuō)：Itwasbelieved?,Itwasthought時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)100練.“Idon'tliketotravel.”“Haveyoueverinanairplane?”A.flyingB.flewC.flowedD.flown.Thecenterofgravityofthehumanbodybehindhisjoint.AlocatedB.locatingC.tolocateD.islocated.“Todayisverycold,isn'tit?”“Yes,theriverisover.”A.freezedB.freezeC.frozenD.freezing.“Whathappenedinthatnewarea?”“Newhousesrecentlyoverthere.”A.arebuiltB.buildC.havebuiltD.havebeenbuilt.“Whendidyougotowork?”“Assoonastheycame,wetowork.A.wentB.weregoingC.hadgoneDgo.“Didyouwaitforhimverylong?”“Yes,Itobeduntilfiveinthemorning.”A.didgoB.didn'tgoChadgoneD.went.Perhapsitwillbealongtimefromabroad.AwhenTomcomesbackB.whenTomwillcomebackC.beforeTomcomesbackD.thatTomcomesback.Tommathematicsthroughouthiscollegelife.AboredB.boredwithC.wasboredD.wasboredwith.thatdresswhenIfirstsawyouatthestation?AWereyouwearingB.HaveyouwornC.DidyouwearD.doyouwear.MrWutoworkbybuseveryday.A.hasbeentravelingB.hastraveledC.travelsDistraveling.Don’tdisturbhim.Hetotheweatherforecast.A.listensB.isbeinglistenedC.haslistenedD.islistening.MyEnglishteachermytest.A.hasnotyetgradedB.hasnotyetbeengradedC.isnotyettobegradedD.isnotyetgraded13.Weonitformanyhours,butwehavenotyetreachedanyconclusion.A.arebeingworkedB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.havebeenworked14.ShanghaiontheHuangpuRiver.A.standB.standsCisbeingstandD.hasstood.“Tellthestudentstostopshouting.Weouressaysnow”A.writeB.havebeenwritingC.arewritingD.havewritten."yourbest?It’snotsatisfactory.I'mafraidyouwillhavetodoitagain.”A.DoyoutryB.HaveyoutriedC.AreyoutryingD.Haveyoubeentrying.ChinesemarriedcoupleredpacketstochildrenandtheunmarriedduringtheChinesenewYear.AgiveB.havebeengivingC.aregivingD.havegiven.Myuncle,Sam,managerofthefirm.A.hasjustmadeB.isjustbeingmadeC.hasjustbeenmadeD.isjustmade.ThisisthefirsttimethestudentstoHydePark.A.havegoneB.havebeengoneC.havebeengoingD.arebeinggone20.Shehermother'sworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital.A.isdoingB.hasbeendoingC.hasdoneD.hasbeendonetheincidentasifitwereyesterday.A.amstilltorememberB.havestillbeenrememberingC.ambeingstillrememberedD.stillrememberswimmingintheriverandIalwaystoswimwhenIcan.A.amliking/havegoneB.ambeingliked/amgoingC.like/go D.haveliked/havebeengoing.Wehavesometimesaccidentsonthisline,butnoaccidentssincelastwinter.A.occurB.haveoccurredC.havebeenoccurringD.areoccurring.Heonthisessayfortwentyminutesbutheonlyahundredwords.hasbeenworking/haswrittenB.isworking/writeshasworked/hasbeenwritingD.works/iswriting.ElectionseveryfouryearsandCongressmeetsonceayear.A.aretakenplaceB.aretobetakenplaceC.tookplaceD.takeplace.careless,oryouwillmakemistakes.A.BenotB.NotbeC.Don’tD.Don’tbe.TheNo.8bustoChengducollegeofGeology,andnottoSichuanUniversity.A.aregoneB.isbeinggoneC.goesD.aregoing28.Oil,exportedfromIrantoEurope,bytankers.usedtobetransported/havebeenbuiltupusedtobeingtransported/havebuiltupwasusedtobetransported/hadbeenbuiltupwasusedtobeingtransported/willbebuiltupfit,thematchwillbepostponed.A.hasbeenrainedB.doesrainC.rainsD.israined30.AssoonasIthetools,Ishallbeginwiththework.A.haveB.amhavingC.havebeenhavingD.havebeenhad31.Onceyoutheknackofit,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.A.shallhaveB.hadhadC.arehavingD.have.Everytimeheme,heisrudetome.A.willseeB.seesC.isseeingD.isseen.JohntoldMarythathewhathewasdoingduringthevacation.A.wasjustaskedB.wasjustaskingC.hadjustbeenaskedD.hadjustasked.Nowthatyou,whatareyougoingtodo?A.arebingreturnedB.havebeenreturningC.havebeenreturnedD.havereturnedIstartedmyteachingcareerattheschool.Thatwasmorethantwentyyearsago,andIthereeversince.A.wasB.hadbeenC.willbeD.havebeen.Everythingontheearthallthetime.A.ischangingB.ischangedC.haschangedD.hasbeenchanged.Wefineweatherforthepastfewdays.A.haveB.arehavingC.havebeenhadD.havebeenhavingteverydaysofarthismonth.A.israiningB.rainsC.hasrainedD.hasbeenrained.noonecanprovethattheearthnotround.A.isbeingB.istobeC.isD.hasbeen.“Thereshe!Weneedn'twaitanylonger.”A.comesB.hasbeencomeC.hasbeencomingD.istocome41.Thelittlegirlbythedrug-pushertocarrydrugsintothecountry.A.wasmadeuseB.wasmadeusedC.wasmadeuseofD.wasmadeusedofshalltellyouwhatheatthreeo’clockyesterdayafternoon.A.haddoneB.woulddoC.wasdoingD.hadbeendone43.Bytheendoflastyearthey1,000machines.A.turnedoutB.hadturnedoutC.wouldturnoutD.hadbeenturnedout.Hewassixty-eight.Intwoyearsheseventy.A.wouldbeB.wasC.hadbeenD.wasbeing.Howlongagoplayingfootball?A.hadyoustoppedB.wouldyoustopC.didyoustopD.wereyoustopping.Uptillthenwehalfthedistance.A.hadonlycoveredB.coveredC.wouldonlycoverD.wouldbeonlycovered.WhileItelevision,thedoorbell.watched/wouldringB.wouldwatch/hadrungwaswatching/rangD.hadbeenwatched/wasringing.Theywithusforthetimebeing.A.wouldstayB.willstayC.havebeenstayingD.willbestayingneverdreamedIherediscussingstateaffairswiththeotherdeputies.A.willbesittingB.wouldbesittingC.willhavebeensittingD.wouldhavebeensitting.Johntoldusthatbytheendoftheyeartheytogetherforthirtyyears.A.wouldhavebeenliving B.wouldhavelivedC.wouldhavebeenlived D.willhavebeenliving.Thenewtypeofmachinetheyearafternext.A.isgoingtoturnoutB.isgoingtobeingturnedoutC.isgoingtohaveturnedoutD.isgoingtobeturnedout.Largesumsofmoneyeachyearinpaintingthesteelworkofbridges,ships,andotherexposedstructures.A.havespentB.havetobespentC.havetospendD.spend.Thepoliceinwhattheinformerreported.A.interestedB.hadinterestedC.wereinterestingD.wereinterested.Acandidateforthepostatthemoment.A.isinterviewingB.beinginterviewingC.interviewingD.isbeinginterviewed55.Bytheendoflastyeartherailway.wasbeingcompletedB.wouldbecompletedhadbeencompletedD.hadcompletedItovisittheircountrybeforelong.A.havebeeninvitedB.ambeinginvitedhadbeeninvited D.shallbeinvited57.Theorywithpractice.A.mustbecombiningB.mustcombineC.musthavebeencombinedD.mustbecombined58.Hesaidsuchathingtohappen.oughttobenotallowedB.oughtnottobeallowingoughtnottohaveallowedD.oughtnottobeallowed59.Shetoldmethatherproposal.neededtotakeintoconsiderationneededtobetakenintoconsiderationneededtobetakingintoconsiderationneededtohavetakenintoconsideration60.Theschoolauthoritiesandtheteachersovertheadvantagesofthedemeritsystem.A.werealwaysarguedB.werealwaysarguingC.hadalwayshadarguedD.hadalwaysbeenargued61.Hefulfilledtheplanearlierthanhe.A.hadexpectedB.expectingC.shouldexpectD.wouldexpect62.whenthebellrang.A.HardlywouldhereachschoolB.HardlyhadhereachedschoolC.HardlyhereachedschoolD.Hardlyhewasreachingschool63.WeweredeterminednottodoitunlessJulieit,too.A.haddoneB.wasdoingC.wasdoneD.did64.Theyweresuretheyfinalvictory.A.werewonB.wouldbewonC.wouldwinD.hadbeenwon65.Whentogiveusananswer?A.willyoubeableB.willyouhavebeenableC.willyouableD.willyouhaveabled66.Weontheprojectbytheendofnextweek.A.shallhavefinishedtoworkB.shallfinishtoworkC.shallhavefinishedworkingD.shallfinishworking67.Heforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.shallhavefinishedtoworkB.shallfinishtoworkshallhavefinishedworkingD.shallfinishworkingIpromiseyouthatIyouapresentnextweek.A.willgiveB.willhavegivenC.shallgiveD.shallhavegiven69.Ihopethatshetothedemandsofthenaughtyboys.A.willnothaveagreedB.willnotbeagreedC.willnotagreeD.willnothavebeenagreednthelongrunyourmoneyinbonds.A.wasmoresafelyinvestedB.ismoresafelyinvestedwillbemoresafelyinvestedD.aremoresafelyinvested71.Mr.WilsonaskedmeiftheseislandstoJapan.A.belongB.arebelongingC.arebelongedD.havebeenbelonged72.Beforetheendofthenineties,airpollutionaseriousproblemthatendangersthehealthofthehumanrace.A.willbebecomeB.willbecomeC.willhavebecomeD.willhavebeenbecome.Thetrainateighttonight.A.willbestartedB.willhavestartedC.shallbestartedD.starts.WeanEnglisheveningtonight.A.arebeinghavingB.arehavingC.willbehadD.shallbehad.TheyforBeijingforpractice.A.areleavingB.arebeingleftC.willhaveleftD.willbeleft.meoraren'tyou?A.WillyouhelpB.ShallyouhelpC.AreyougoingtohelpD.Willyouhavehelped77.Anewpowerstationthere.A.willbegoingtobuildB.isgoingtobebuiltC.willbegonetobuildD.isgonetobebuilt.ameetingthisafternoon.A.TheregoingtobeB.TherewillbegoingtobeC.ThereisgoingtobeD.Therewillgoingtobe.Weanewexperimentthisafternoon.A.shallbetoperformB.willbetoperformC.aretobeperformedD.aretoperform.ThegovernmenttoapprovetheuseofwidespreadsurveillancewhentheJusticeDepartmenttookobjections.A.isgoingB.hadbeenC.wasaboutD.iscoming.Yououghttoatestinphysicsthedaybefore,Ithink.A.havetakenB.takeC.betakenD.betaking.Keplerprovedthatthesunthecenterofthesolarsystem.A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.wouldbe.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthatthisyear.A.appearsB.isappearingC.hasappearedD.haveappeared.Myfriendherelastweek,buthecouldn't.A.wastohavecomeB.musthavecomeC.cameD.hadtocome.Hedidnotarriveuntilthemeetingwasnearlyover,forthesimplereasonisthatheasleepwhilewatchingtelevision.A.hadfallenB.hasfallenC.fellD.wasfalling.Wehadh