高中英語(yǔ)人教版Unit1Livingwell 課后限時(shí)作業(yè)

Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Theteacherwentintotheclassroomsilentlysoasnot________(disturb)thestudents.2.Whatcouldhedobut________(forgive)her?3.Theroomsseem________________________(clean)already.4.Mysister’sdream________________(become)adoctormademyparentsglad.5.Theimportantmeetingis_____________(hold)tomorrow.6.Nobodycouldafford___________(buy)anewcaratthattime.7.Don’tpretend________________(work)hardnow.8.Thepresidentisreported________________(go)toShanghaitotakepartinanimportantmeetingyesterday.9.It’smygreathonour________(receive)theinvitationtoyourbirthdayparty.10.Thepeasantsweremade________(work)twentyhoursaday.答案：1.todisturb句意：老師靜靜地走進(jìn)教室以便不打攪學(xué)生。soas(not)todosth.為了，以便(不)做某事。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。forgive句意：除了原諒她，他還能做什么呢？coulddosth.butdosth.除了做某事之外能做某事。tohavebeencleaned句意：房間好像已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)了。seem后接動(dòng)詞不定式，由already可知，“房間打掃”動(dòng)作已發(fā)生，應(yīng)用完成式。而且句子的主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞“clean”存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。4.tobecome句意：我妹妹想要成為醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想使我父母很高興。動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾dream并表“將來(lái)”。5.tobeheld句意：該重要會(huì)議將會(huì)在明天召開。betodo表將來(lái)，會(huì)議與hold存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。6.tobuy句意：那時(shí)沒(méi)人買得起一輛新車。afford承擔(dān)得起，付得起，常與不定式連用。7.tobeworking句意：不要裝著在賣力干活。pretend常與不定式連用；因?yàn)閚ow故不定式應(yīng)用進(jìn)行式。8.tohavegone句意：據(jù)報(bào)道總統(tǒng)昨天已去上海參加一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議。bereportedtodo/tohavedone據(jù)報(bào)道做/已做。toreceive句意：收到參加你生日聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)我非常榮幸。It’sanhonortodosth.做某事非常榮幸。towork句意：農(nóng)民們被迫一天干20小時(shí)的活。makesb.dosth.結(jié)構(gòu)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要重新加上不定式符號(hào)to構(gòu)成：bemadetodosth.。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Childrenseemtohavenothingtoworry.2.Inourschoolsheistheonlystudenttoattendingtheimportantmeeting.3.Toseeonetimeisbetterthanhearahundredtimes.4.AreyougoingtotheconferencetobeholdingnextMonday?5.Ittookusthreeyearsfulfiltheproject.6.Womenandchildrenwerethefirstgetintothelifeboats.7.Thereisnoneedforyoutotellherthenews.Sheseemstohavetoldaboutit.8.Myparentshavealwaysmademetofeelgoodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.9.Hehurriedtothestationonlybetoldthatthetrainhadleft.10.LittleTomwantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhimnot.∧about答案：1.Childrenseemtohavenothingtoworry.Attendingattend動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)與被修飾詞nothing之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，worryaboutsth.擔(dān)心某事，因此不定式toworry應(yīng)加介詞Attendingattend∧to2.Inourschoolsheistheonlystudentto∧to不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。3.Toseeonetimeisbetterthanhearahundredtimes.holdingheld比較狀語(yǔ)從句中連詞than連接對(duì)等形式，主語(yǔ)是不定式holdingheld4.AreyougoingtotheconferencetobenextMonday?fulfiltofulfl動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)表將來(lái)，又因被修飾詞fulfiltofulfl5.Ittookusthreeyearstheproject.∧toIttakessometimetodosth.∧to∧been6.Womenandchildrenwerethefirst∧been當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)，其后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞不定式。7.Thereisnoneedforyoutotellherthenews.Sheseemstohavetoldaboutit.你沒(méi)必要告訴她該消息，她好像已經(jīng)被告知。由句意可知?jiǎng)釉~不定式應(yīng)用完成被動(dòng)式。8.Myparentshavealwaysmademetofeelgoodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.∧tomakesb.dosth.∧to9.Hehurriedtothestationonlybetoldthatthetrainhadleft.∧toonlytodo∧to10.LittleTomwantedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheraskedhimnot.該題考查了動(dòng)詞不定式的省略。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)可省去動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞，保留動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to。Ⅲ.閱讀理解(2023·金太陽(yáng)全國(guó)大聯(lián)考)Sharksusetheirgoodsenseofsmelltosearchforprey.ButanewstudyshowsthattherisinglevelsofCO2intheoceancouldreducesharksabilitytofindfood.It’sbadnewsforahealthyocean.Sharksaretoppredators(掠食動(dòng)物)andareliketheocean’sweedcontrollers.DixsonworksattheWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninMassachusetts.Herearlierworkhasshownthatclownfishinacidifying(酸化的)wateractstrangely.“Wewanttoexpandthisresearchtosharksbecauseweknowhowimportantitisforsharkstofindtheirfoodthroughtheirsenseofsmell，”saidDixson.Herteamstartedbyplacingsharksineachofthreedifferentpoolsforfivedays.EachpoolhadadifferentlevelofCO2init.Thefirsthadthesameamountastoday’soceanwater.ThesecondhadalevelofCO2thatscientistsexpecttoreachby2050.ThethirdpoolhadthehighestlevelofCO2thatcoulddevelopbytheyear2100.Sharksweren’tallowedtoeatanyfoodwhileinthepools.Thismadesurethattheywouldbehungry.Then,Dixsonreleasedthesharks—oneatatime—intoapoolwithtwoside\|by\|sidestreamsofflowingwater.Inonestream,theresearcherspumpedwatersmelledstronglyofsquid.Theotherstreamcontainedoceanwaterwithnoscent(氣味).Becauseeachstreamflowedatthesamerateandinthesamedirection,thesquidsmellstayedinitsstream.Thesharkscouldchoosetoswimineitherstream.Sharksthathadbeenswimmingforfivedaysinpoolsofregularoceanwaterspentmorethan60percentoftheirtimeinthesquidscentedstream.ThesamewastrueforsharksthathadbeeninwaterwiththeCO2levelthatcoulddevelopbytheyear2050.ButsharksexposedtothehighestlevelofCO2spentjust15percentoftheirtimeinthesquidscentedstream.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，海洋里二氧化碳的濃度會(huì)影響鯊魚的嗅覺(jué)，會(huì)給它們帶來(lái)不好的影響。1.Whydidthewritermentionthesharkssmellatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Becausethewriterappreciatesitsabilitytofindfood.B.Becausethewriterconsidersitdangeroustohumanbeings.C.Becausethewriterintendstoshowhowtocontrolweedintheocean.D.Becausethewriterworriesaboutthesharksintheocean.2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whattheoceaninthefuturewillbelike.B.WhohelpedDixsonconductthestudy.C.Whatkindsofpoolswereusedduringthestudy.D.WhatthelevelsofCO2willbeatintheoceaninthefuture.3.Theresearcherspumpedwaterwhereadeadsquidhadbeenovernightto.A.helpthesharkslookforfoodB.testthesharkssenseofsmellC.provethatsharkslikeeatingsquidsD.explainwhyCO2intheoceanaffectssharks4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Sharkslikethesquid-|scentedstreambetter.B.SharkslikethestreamwiththehighlevelofCO2.C.Sharksspent15%oftheirtimeinthesquid-scentedstream.D.ThehighlevelofCO2canaffectthesharksabilitytosmell.答案：1.解析：D考查推理判斷。作者在第一段中提到鯊魚的嗅覺(jué)，主要是引出主題，即：海洋環(huán)境的改變會(huì)對(duì)鯊魚的覓食造成危害，因此可推知作者擔(dān)心生活在海洋中的鯊魚。2.解析：C考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是講Dixson和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)把鯊魚放在哪些池子里做實(shí)驗(yàn)。3.解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，研究人員往水流里放了帶魷魚味的水，其目的是測(cè)試鯊魚在特定的環(huán)境下能否聞到那種氣味，故選B。4.解析：D考查推理判斷。畫線句子的意思是“但是，暴露在最高濃度的二氧化碳中的鯊魚只在有魷魚味的水中花費(fèi)了僅僅15%的時(shí)間”。由此可知，Dixson團(tuán)隊(duì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，鯊魚的嗅覺(jué)的確受到二氧化碳濃度的影響。Ⅳ.完形填空(2023·湖北武漢外校高二月考)JohnPerrystoodupandlookedaroundagain.Theislandhadbeenagoodplacetofindshells.Butnowhowcouldhemakethe1moveouttosea?Iftheyswamouttoseahecouldjumpinandgettoshore2theysawhim.Hesawthesharksrollingandplaying.Their3wasnowgoneandtheywerekillingforfun.Hedrewhisknifefromhisbelt.Sharkscan4blood,hethought.Heputtheknifeagainsthislegandcutdeepintothe5.Whentheshirtwasredandwethetiedsomeclothsaroundhislegto6theflowofblood.Hethentiedalongclothtotheshirt,threwitintothewaterand7itwiththecloth.Thesharkssmelledthebloodandcame8towardtheshirt.Herandownthesandreefpullingtheshirtandthesharksracedafterit.Hewas9themawayfromtheshore.Suddenlyhedroppedthecloth,turnedtowardthe10andranasfastashecould.Hejumpedintothewaterandswam.11hewashalfwayacrossheturnedtolookback.Ahighbonyfinwas12throughthewatertowardhim.Heswam13asfastashecould.Heliftedhisheadagainto14andhesawtheshoreverynear.Andthenagreatgraybodyhithimandalmostrolledhimoverinthewater.Hetouchedtheshorewith15andhepulledhimselfupthestones.Theshark,16bythesmellofbloodandthechase,wentwildlyafterhim.Itsgreatbodycrashedagainstthe17.Theendcamequickly.Theinjuredsharkwaseatenup18byothersasittriedtoescape.Perryslowlystruggled19hisfeet.Helookeddownatthesharksstilleating20theyweren’thungry.Heclimbedupthestonesandwalkedtowardthevillage.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了JohnPerry如何機(jī)智勇敢地逃離鯊魚群的故事。1.A.boatsB.sharksC.soldiersD.animals2.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while3.A.foodB.hungerC.angerD.wish4.A.fearB.tasteC.drinkD.smell5.A.sandB.floorC.fleshD.meat6.A.stopB.keepC.joinD.cause7.A.pulledB.wrappedC.connectedD.caught8.A.rollingB.racingC.swimmingD.jumping9.A.drivingB.scaringC.preventingD.leading10.A.seaB.shoreC.islandD.ship11.A.ButB.WhereC.UnlessD.When12.A.goingB.runningC.cuttingD.flying13.A.forwardB.backwardC.upwardD.downward14.A.cryB.breatheC.shoutD.escape15.A.hisfeetB.astickC.hisfingersD.theshirt16.A.interestedB.frightenedC.disappointedD.excited17.A.bloodB.seawaterC.stonesD.shells18.A.livelyB.aliveC.deadD.friendly19.A.onB.byC.toD.with20.A.asthoughB.eventhoughC.assoonasD.aslongas答案：1.解析：B由下文可知，JohnPerry想讓鯊魚游到海里，以便自己下水游到岸上去。下文中的sharks也是信息提示2.解析：A他要在鯊魚看到他之前游上岸。before表示“在……以前”。3.解析：B根據(jù)上句他看到鯊魚在翻滾玩?？芍忯~現(xiàn)在已不再饑餓。4.解析：D根據(jù)常識(shí)，鯊魚可以聞到血腥味，應(yīng)選smell。下文中的“Thesharkssmelledtheblood”也是信息提示。5.解析：CJohnPerry將刀割進(jìn)肉里以便流出血來(lái)，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；meat指“(供食用的)肉”；flesh可以指“(人或動(dòng)物的)肉”，故選C項(xiàng)。6.解析：A根據(jù)常識(shí)及空后的“theflowofblood”可知，JohnPerry給自己止血。7.解析：AJohnPerry把染了血的襯衫扔到水里，用布條拉著。pull意為“拉”，符合語(yǔ)境。8.解析：B根據(jù)下文中的“thesharksracedafterit”可知，B項(xiàng)符合題意。race“(使)快速移動(dòng)，快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。9.解析：DJohnPerry引著鯊魚游離海岸。lead“帶路，領(lǐng)路”。10.解析：B他扔下布條，盡可能快地跑向海岸。11.解析：D當(dāng)JohnPerry游了一半時(shí)，他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身向后看。12.解析：Ccutthrough“開辟(出路或通道)”是固定短語(yǔ)，表示這條鯊魚的速度之快。13.解析：A后有鯊魚追著，JohnPerry當(dāng)然是竭力向前游forward“向前”；backward“向后”；upward“向上”；downward“向下”。14.解析：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，JohnPerry露出頭來(lái)呼吸。 15.解析：C根據(jù)空前的“Hetouchedtheshore”可知，JohnPerry用手觸摸到了海岸。16.解析：D根據(jù)常識(shí)，鯊魚因血腥味和追逐而變得興奮。17.解析：C由上文可知，鯊魚緊追JohnPerry,JohnPerry爬上了岸邊的石頭，鯊魚緊隨其后，自然撞到了石頭上。18.解析：B受了傷的鯊魚被其他鯊魚活吃了。alive“活著”，在此處作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示被吃的時(shí)候是活著的；lively“生氣勃勃的”；dead“死的”；friendly“友好的”。19.解析：Astruggleonone’sfeet“掙扎著站起來(lái)”，是固定用法。20.解析：B盡管不餓，鯊魚們?nèi)栽诔灾?。asthough“好像，仿佛”；eventhough“即使，盡管”；assoonas“一……就……”；aslongas“只要，在……的時(shí)候”。Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò)(2023·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.theausingusedorandhonesthonestyhadhavethatwhere答案：(2023·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleeventowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethat