2021-2022學(xué)年河南省鄭州市第四十五中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年河南省鄭州市第四十五中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith___________. A．curiosity B．satisfaction C．envy D．patience參考答案：D2.---Hi,Betty,areyoufreeatpresent?Ihavetoaskyouforafavor．----_____．Withpleasure．A.Sorry,Iambusy

B.GoaheadC.Helpyourself

D.Ask,please參考答案：B試題分析：考查請求幫助的交際用語。A對不起，我很忙；B說吧（表同意）；C請自便；D請問。根據(jù)語境“askyouforafavor”可知是請求對方幫助，再根據(jù)回答“Withpleasure（非常樂意）”可知表同意，故選B。句意：——嗨，貝蒂，你現(xiàn)在有空嗎？我要請你幫忙。——說吧。樂意幫忙。3.Fitnessisimportantinsports,butofatleast_____________importanceareskills.A.fair

B.reasonable

C.equal

D.proper參考答案：C略4.AnewvirusrelatedtoSARSisreported______atleastonepersoninChinalastweek.A.tokill

B.tobekilling

C.tohavekilled

D.kill參考答案：C5.1hadbeenworkingonmathforthewholeaftensoonandthenumbers

beforemyeyes.A.swim

B.swum

C.swam

D.hadswum參考答案：C略6.MrBlackistheprofessor_________Ihavethegreatestrespect.

A.towhom

B.forwhom

C.whom

D.who參考答案：B7.Hewasin____badconditionatthesportsmeetingandwasonlyplaced_____eighthinthe100-meterrace.A.a;/

B./;/

C.the;the

D./;the參考答案：B8.Whenherealizedthepolicehadseenhim,theman______theexitasquicklyaspossible.A.madeup

B.madeforC.madeout

D.madeoff參考答案：B9.Itisreportedthatanewschoolhas

been

builtin___

was

a

desertedvillageafewdecades

ago.

A.

which

B.what

C.that

D.

where

參考答案：B略10.SpellingBeeisacontest_____competitors,usuallychildren,areaskedtospellasmany

wordsaspossible.A.which

B.where

C.what

D.when參考答案：B11.—Mr.Smithquarreledwithhisroommatelastnight.—_____?AsfarasIknow,theygotonwellwitheachother.A.Sowhat

B.HowcomeC.Whynot

D.Whatfor參考答案：B12.Manyteenagersliketoplaycomputergames_______rolescanbechosenastheylike.

A.where

B.which

C.

whose

D.what參考答案：C略13.—Areyoustillworkinginthatcomputercompany,Walt?

—---________.It’sthreeyearssinceIworkedthere.A.Yes,Iam.

B.No,I’mnot.

C.No,seldom D.Yes,allthetime.參考答案：B14.－I’mterriblysorryIbrokeyourglass.

－

.A．That’sright

B．Badluck

C．Sorry

D．Youcanforgetit參考答案：D

解析：此題考查了情景交際用語。第一個人說：對不起我打碎你的眼鏡了，而第二個人說：你可以忘記了，實際上也暗含有安慰的意思。選項A的意思為“這是正確的”；B項為“倒霉”；C項為“對不起”，均與句子的意思不符。15.Schoolofficialssaythehairruleisthere_____

studentsfromgettingbullied.A.keeping

B.tokeep

C.keep

D.kept參考答案：B16.Ifyoustillcan’tunderstand________theiPadAirworks,callmeforhelp.A.how

B.what

C.which

D.whom參考答案：A17.Inorderto_____nature,thegovernmentdeclaredtheseareasasnationalparks.ApromoteBswitch Creform Dpreserve參考答案：D18.Tomfeltthathekneweverybody'sbusinessthantheyknewit

.A.themselves

B.oneself

C.itself

D.himself參考答案：35.解析：A.考查對反身代詞的理解。如果把注意力放在everybody上，就會誤選D。實際上在使用反身代詞時，要注意主語。如果主語是I就用myself；you用yourself或yourselves；he用himself；she用herself；it用it—self；we用ourselves；they用themselves。這里當(dāng)是強調(diào)主語they，所以用相應(yīng)的themselves。略二、翻譯19.結(jié)合語境寫出劃線詞（組）在語境中的確切含義。Group145.Thegamesareaninternationaleventthataimstoliftthespiritsofwoundedsoldiers.________46.Chinesepeopleshouldmakeeveryefforttopreservetheiroldtraditions.________47.Policearrestedan18-year-oldmaninthedepartureloungeofDoverport.________48.UnderBritishlawitisan

offence

tocarryaknifewithoutgoodreasons.________49.Inthirdpartymarkets,ChinaandJapanshould

shift

fromcompetitiontowin-win.________50.Thepollfoundthat61.5percentoftherespondentssaidpeacefulreunificationwouldbringabetterfuturefortheisland.________51.Thecutonhislegbledalotwhenhewashurtyesterday.________參考答案：45.(使)高漲；(使)振奮

46.保存

47.等候室；休息室

48.違法行為

49.變化

50.民意測評；投票

51.流血【分析】本題為結(jié)合語境寫出劃線詞（組）在語境中的確切含義。做題時先要弄清整個句子的大意，結(jié)合所劃詞（詞組）在具體結(jié)合語境，推測出劃線部分的確切含義。英語中的一詞多義現(xiàn)象很多，所以做題時一定要考慮所劃詞在句中的具體語境，從而找出所劃詞的確切含義?！?5題詳解】考查語境及詞意。句意：這場運動會是一項旨在振奮受傷士兵精神的國際性活動。根據(jù)語境可知，劃線詞的間斷為“(使)高漲；(使)振奮”。【46題詳解】考查語境及詞意。句意：中國人民應(yīng)該盡一切努力保持他們的老傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)劃線部分后“theiroldtraditions”的傳統(tǒng)，可知，本處preserve應(yīng)是“保存”?！?7題詳解】考查語境及詞意。句意：警方在多佛港的候機室逮捕了一名18歲的男子。根據(jù)語境可知，劃線詞lounge意為“等候室；休息室”?！?8題詳解】考查語境及詞意。句意：根據(jù)英國法律，沒有正當(dāng)理由攜帶刀具是違法的。根據(jù)后面的“carryaknifewithoutgoodreasons”可知，攜帶刀具如果沒有正當(dāng)理由就是一種違法（offence），故劃線部分的意思為“違法行為”?！?9題詳解】考查語境及詞意。根據(jù)后面的“fromcompetitiontowin-win”，可知句意為“在第三方市場，中國和日本應(yīng)該從競爭轉(zhuǎn)向雙贏”。因此劃線的”shift”意為“變化”【50題詳解】考查語境及詞意。根據(jù)句中的“61.5percentoftherespondentss”可知，本句的句意“民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，61.5%的受訪者認為，和平統(tǒng)一將為該島帶來更美好的未來”。分析語境可知，劃線的“poll”意為“民意測評；投票”?！?1題詳解】考查語境及詞意。根據(jù)句中的“Thecutonhisleg….”及“whenhewashurtyesterday.”可知此句意為“他昨天受傷時腿上的傷口流了很多血”。由此推斷出bled在句中的意思為“流血”【點睛】本大題為結(jié)合語境寫出劃線詞（組）在語境中的確切含義。做題時先要弄清整個句子的大意，結(jié)合所劃詞（詞組）在具體結(jié)合語境，才能推測出劃線部分的確切含義。想做好這類題目，在日常的生活中要多記多背，留心那些短語，尤其是有一些詞有多種詞意，多種用法，還要注意其與其它詞的搭配可能會與原詞原意沒有的意思。也有可能讓你寫的詞你不熟悉，如第3小題中的lounge是個不常用的單詞，這時要根據(jù)語境進行猜測。比如第7小題中，根據(jù)句中的“Thecutonhisleg….”及“whenhewashurtyesterday.”可推測出bled在句中的意思為“流血”。這就要求我們平時記單詞時要放在課文等語境中記憶，從而能正確運用它。三、閱讀理解20.Catslikeclimbingtreesandtherearelogicalreasonsbehindthisbehavior.Interestingly,duetosomeoftheirphysicalfeatures,catswillmeettroublegettingdownfromthetreesafterclimbingup,whichmayseemunusual.Thereareseveralreasonswhycatsclimbtrees,mostlytodowithdefensivepurposes.Cats,aspredators（捕食者）,liketounderstandtheirenvironmentwell.Astheyaresmallanimals,theirscopeofvisionisconsiderablysmaller.Catsoftenclimbtreestogetabetterviewoftheirsurroundingstohelpthemseeanypotentialdangers.Whilecatsarepredators,theyarealsoeasytogetattackedfromlargeranimals,suchasdogsorevenothercats.Atreeoftenprovidesasafehidingplace.Inthewild,carsclimbuptreestogivethemarestingornappingplacethatisoutofpredators’range.Italsohelpsdisguisetheirpresence,.Somecatsmayclimbtreesforfun,onoccasion,orpossiblytoworkonimprovingtheirclimbingabilities.Smallcatsfrequentlytestouttheirclawskillsbytryingtoclimbupanythingandeverything,frombookcasestotreestoaperson’sleg.Climbingpracticeisgoodforcats;itcanimprovetheirstrengthandflexibilityandteachthemanimportantdefensiveskill.Ifacathasgottenupatreeandcannotgetdown,theownermaywonderwhyitsremarkableclimbingabilitiesonlyworkinonedirection.Acat’sclawscurveinward,allowingittogripontosurfaceswhilegoingupheadfirst.Unfortunately,thisusefulclimbingcurvedoesnothingtohelptheanimalgetbackdownagain.Eventually,mosttrappedkittieswilleitherjumpoutofthetreeorrealizethattheycangetdownbygoingtailfirst.Eitherway,acatupatreeisusuallynothingtopanicaboutunlessitisinjuredordisabled;theyareintelligentanimalsandwillfigureouthowtogetdownsoonerorlater.28.Whydocatshavetroublegettingdownfromatree?A.Theyareafraidofheight.

B.Theyareeasytogetlostinatree.C.Theydon’tknowhowtojumpoffatree.

D.Theirclimbingabilitydoesn’thelpwhenclimbingdown.29.Accordingtothetextsmallcatsliketoclimbaperson’slegto____.A.showlovetothepersonB.testouttheirclawskillsC.avoidtheattackfromthedogD.getfoodfromaperson’shand30.Whatshouldyoudowhenyouseeacattrappedinatree?A.Justletitalone.

B.Leaditdownpatiently.

C.Teachittherightwaytogetdown.

D.Watchitcloselyuntilitcomesdown.31.Whatdoesthistextmainlytalkabout?A.Whycatsliketoclimbtrees.

B.Whycatscan’tclimbdownatree.

C.Howcatsmanagetoclimbdownatree.D.Whatownersdotohelpcatsdownatree.參考答案：28-31DBAA21.Mandaraseemedtoknowsomethingbigwasabouttohappen.Sosheletoutayell,caughtholdofher2-year-olddaughterKibibiandclimbedupintoatree.ShelivesattheNationalZooinWashington,D.C.AndonTuesday,August23rd,witnessessaysheseemedtosensethebigearthquakethatshookmuchoftheEastCoastbeforeanyhumansknewwhatwasgoingon.Andshe’snottheonlyone.Inthemomentsbeforethequake,anorangutan(猩猩)letoutaloudcallandthenclimbedtothetopofhershelter.“It’sverydifferentfromtheirnormalcall,”saidBrandieSmith,thezookeeper.“Thelemurs(monkey-likeanimalsofMadagascar)willsoundanalarmcalliftheyseeorhearsomethinghighlyunusual.”Butyoucan’tseeorhearanearthquake15minutesbeforeithappens,canyou?Maybeyoucan—ifyou’reananimal.“Animalscanhearaboveandbelowourrangeofhearing,”saidBrandieSmith.“That’spartoftheirspecialabilities.They’remoresensitivetotheenvironment,whichishowtheysurvive.”Primatesweren’ttheonlyanimalsthatseemedtosensethequakebeforeithappened.Oneoftheelephantsmadeawarningsound.Andahugelizard(蜥蜴)ranquicklyforcover.Theflamingoes(akindofbird)gatheredbeforethequakeandstayedtogetheruntiltheshakingstopped.Sowhatkindofvibrationsweretheanimalspickingupinthemomentsbeforethequake?ScientistSusanHoughsaysearthquakesproducetwotypesofwaves—aweak“P”waveandthenamuchstronger“S”wave.The“P”standsfor“primary”.Andthe“S”standsfor“secondary”.Shesaidshethinksthe“P”wavemightbewhatsettheanimalsoff.Notalltheanimalsbehavedunusuallybeforethequake.Forexample,Smithsaysthez