unit1新視野大學(xué)英語課件

Unit1SectionA LearningaForeignLanguageContentsBackgroundinformationDiscussionNewwordsandexpressionsTextstructureTextexplanationSectionBBackgroundinformationSectionBLanguagepointsSectionCBackgroundinformationOnlineLanguageLearning—theInternetandTeachingLanguageFiveyearsagoveryfewpeoplehadheardabouttheInternet.Itsusewaslimitedtoonlyaselectedfew.Now,theInternetisavailabletonearlyeveryone.Ithasbecomeanimportantmediumforinformation,andalsooffersuntoldopportunitiesforeducation,especiallyforlanguageeducation.SchoolsandtheirteachershavetriedtofindwaysinwhichtheInternet,withallitspossibilities,canbeusedwithinthecurriculumtoenhancethelearningprocess.Itispossibletohaveamoreimmediateanddirectformofdiscussionbywayofachatroom.Thesediscussiongroupshavetobeonlineatthesametime.Achatroomcanbecomparedtotelephonechat.Thedifferenceisthatitisnotspokenbutwrittencommunication,intheformofmessages.Andmostparticipantstrytowriteinthespokenform,whichaidsinformal,friendlycommunication.Inlanguagelearning,chattingcanimprovetheexpressivelanguageskillsofstudent.Inordertogethismessageover,heneedstotryallthevocabularyimmediately.Hisreadingskillswillbeputtothetestbecauseheneedstoreactquicklytoarrivingmessages.Ofcourse,therearerulestobeobserved.Thesubjecttobediscussedmustbeclearandeveryoneshouldbefriendly.Discussion1)Whatdoyouthinkisthenecessaryenvironmentforonetolearnaforeignlanguagewell?2)ShareyourEnglish-learningexperience/problemswithyourclassmates.3)WhatdoyouexpectfromyourEnglishcourse?(abilitiesorcertificates,etc.)Oneofthemostimportantaspectsoflearningalanguageistobeabletocommunicatewithotherpeople.Normally,spokencommunicationtakesplace“facetoface”orthroughthetelephone.TheInternetoffersdifferentwaysofcommunication,andthepossibilitiesinthefuturewilldramaticallyincrease.Atthemoment,theInternethasthefollowingcommunicationforms:1.E-mail2.Discussiongroups3.ChatroomNewwordsandexpressionsReward

vt.givesth.inreturnforgoodandvaluabledoings報(bào)答，酬謝，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)Thefatherrewardedthelittleboyforcleaningtheroom.小男孩因?yàn)榇驋吡朔块g而受到父親的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

n.1.sth.asareturnforgoodandvaluabledoings報(bào)答，獎(jiǎng)賞Asarewardforpassingtheexams,shegotanewbikefromherparents.她因?yàn)橥ㄟ^了考試，父母給她買了一輛新自行車作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。2.somemoneygiventosomeoneforhisgooddoings報(bào)酬，酬金Ihearthereisabigrewardfortheseizingofthethief.我聽說為捉拿那小偷設(shè)立了重獎(jiǎng)。

Rewardsb.forsth./doingsth.~sb(forsth/doingsth):givearewardtosb

給某人報(bào)酬;獎(jiǎng)賞某人:Isthishowyourewardmeforhelping/myhelp?你就這樣報(bào)答我對你的幫助嗎?Virtueisitsownreward(saying;諺):behavingvirtuouslyshouldgive

oneenoughsatisfactionforone

nottoexpectanyfurtherreward.做好事即樂在其中。Frustratevt.1.causesb.tohavefeelingsofdisappointment使沮喪，使灰心Thelackofevidenceinthiscaseisfrustratingthepolice.警方因缺乏證據(jù)而感到很傷腦筋。2.causethefailureofsth.使挫敗，使受挫折Thebadweatherfrustratedourhopesofgoingout.壞天氣使我們打消了外出的念頭。Juniorn.(senior)1.someonewhoisyounger年少者Heismyjuniorbyseveralyears.他比我小幾歲。2.someofloworlowerposition地位較低者，晚輩Shejoinedthefirmayearagoandisajuniorpartnernow.她是去年才到公司工作的，

現(xiàn)在是我的下屬。Positivea.1.leadingtoapracticalaction積極的，肯定的positiveadvice積極的建議；

positivethinking積極的想法2.sure,havingnodoubt確實(shí)的，明確的Itseemsunlikelytome,butsheseemedverypositive.這在我看來似乎是不可能的，但她卻非常肯定。

bepositive(aboutsth/that...)(ofaperson):confidentlyholdinganopinion;convinced（指人）有把握的,確信的:Areyouabsolutelypositivethatitwasaftermidnight?你是否有絕對把握認(rèn)為那事是在午夜以后發(fā)生的?Senior:n.較年長者Studentsleavemiddleschoolattheendoftheirsenioryears.學(xué)生在中學(xué)高年級結(jié)束之后離校。Former:a.ofanearlyperiod在前的，以前的，舊時(shí)的Informertimes,peoplewerehangedforstealinginBritain.以前在英國小偷被處以絞刑。

n.(the~)thefirstofthetwopeopleorthingsjustmentioned前者Ofthetwopossibilities,theformerismorelikely.在兩者之中，前者可能性更大。

ashadowofone's/itsformerself:nothavingthestrength,influence,etcthatone/itformerlyhad已不再有以前的力量、影響力等:Sheusedtobeagreatplayer,butnowshe'sonlyashadowofherformerself.她以前是個(gè)健將,現(xiàn)在已不及當(dāng)年了.Unlike:prep.notlike;beingdifferentfrom不像；和......不同(cf:dislike)UnlikethenorthpartofChina,itis

notlikelytosnowinwinterhere.與中國的北方不一樣，這里

冬天不太可能下雪。Intimidate:

vt.tofrightenbymakingthreats恐嚇，威脅(cf:timid)Theyintimidatedhimintodoing

whattheywanted.他們脅迫他干他們要他干的事。

intimidatesb(intosth/doingsth)frightensb(inordertomakehimdosth)恐嚇,威脅（某人做某事）:Online:a.&ad.連線的,

聯(lián)網(wǎng)的;連線地,聯(lián)網(wǎng)地anonlinecourse在線（網(wǎng)絡(luò)）課程dosomeresearchonline在網(wǎng)上作研究Communication:n.theactionofsendingandexchanginginformation交流，交際；通信Radioisanimportantmeansofcommunication.收音機(jī)是重要的通訊工具。

beincommunicationwithsb:exchangeinformationregularlywithsb,usu.byletterortelephone經(jīng)常與某人互通情況（通常為通過書信或電話）.Medium

n.amethodforgivinginformation媒質(zhì)，媒介物，傳導(dǎo)體TVcanbeamediumforgivinginformationandopinions.電視是傳遞消息和觀點(diǎn)的媒體。Lighttravelsthroughoutthemediumofair.光通過空氣傳送。a.ofmiddlesize,amount,quality中等的，適中的Theyhaveamedium-sizedhouseintheheartofthecity.他們在市中心有幢中等大小的房子。

a/thehappymedium:thingthatachievesasatisfactoryavoidanceofexcess;balancebetweenextremes中庸之道;折衷辦法:be/find/seekahappymedium是[找/尋求]一個(gè)折衷辦法.Accessn.1.[U]meansorrightofusing,reaching接近，進(jìn)入Thepeopleintheschoolhaveaccesstothatcomputerlabforfree.在這個(gè)學(xué)校里的人可以免費(fèi)使用那間電腦室。2.meansofenteringorawayin通道，入口Thatistheonlymeansofaccesstothebuilding.這是通向大樓的惟一通道。

have/gain/getaccesstosth./sb.Technologyn.工藝，技術(shù)Theuseoftechnologyhasincreasedalotinthelasttwentyyears.在最近20年中技術(shù)的應(yīng)用增加了很多。Participatevi.(in)takepartin參與，參加Ourteacheroftenparticipatesinourdiscussions.我們的老師經(jīng)常參加我們的討論。

participantin;participationinVirtuala.1.【計(jì)】beingproducedbythecomputerbutalmosttruetothereality虛構(gòu)的，虛擬的virtualreality虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)2.almostwhatisstated實(shí)質(zhì)上的，事實(shí)上的，實(shí)際上的avirtualcertainty實(shí)際上已肯定的事Commitmentn.1.devotionto信奉，獻(xiàn)身Theonlinecoursewouldnothavesucceededwithoutthecommitmentofalltheteachers.沒有所有教師全身心的投入，網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程不會(huì)成功。2.apromisetofollowcertainbeliefsoraction承諾，許諾，保證Comeandlookroundourshopwithoutcommitmenttobuyanything.請進(jìn)來看看我們的商店，不一定要買東西。Disciplinen.(disciplinaryadj.)1.astateoforderandcontrol;selfcontrol紀(jì)律;控制Hedidnotlikethearmybecause

ofthestrictdiscipline.因?yàn)榧o(jì)律太嚴(yán)，他不喜歡軍隊(duì)生活。Ittakesalotofdisciplinetoeatlessandloseweight.要做到少吃減肥得遵守許多清規(guī)戒律。2.punishment懲罰，處分Thatchildneedsdiscipline!這孩子要管教管教!3.abranchoflearning學(xué)科Shehasnotyetdecidedwhich

disciplinetostudyatcollege.她沒有決定在大學(xué)修哪門學(xué)科。Minimum(cf:maximum)a.thesmallest最低的，最小的Theminimumamountofmoney

toopenanaccount(賬戶)

atthatbankistendollars.在那個(gè)銀行開立賬戶至少要有十美元。

n.thesmallestamount最低限度，最少量Thepriceisherminimum;sherefusestoloweritanymore.這是她開的最低價(jià)，她拒絕再降價(jià)。Assignmentn.1.[C]apieceofworkgiventoaparticularperson（分派的）任務(wù)，（指定的）作業(yè)Theteacheraskedherstudentstofinishtheirassignmentseveryday.老師要求學(xué)生每天完成作業(yè)。2.[U]actofdividingassignments分配，指派theassignmentoftheworkamongthestudents在學(xué)生中分配任務(wù)

assignsb.tosth./dosth.;assignsth.tosb.Embarrass

vt.makesomonefeelupsetesp.doingsth.notrightly使窘迫，使尷尬，使不好意思Shewasembarrassedwhenthepeoplelaughedathermistake.人們嘲笑她的錯(cuò)誤，她感到尷尬。

embarrassing;embarrassmentanembarrassmentofriches:

toomanygoodthingstodo,

choosefrom,etc好東西太多而難以處理﹑

難以選擇等Screenn.1.屏幕，銀幕Iusedasoftclothtocleanthescreenofthetelevision.我用軟布擦電視機(jī)屏幕。Someofthenewertelevisionshaveverylargescreens.有些新電視機(jī)的屏幕很大。2.屏風(fēng)，簾，紗窗Ascreenseparatedherbedfrom

therestofherone-roomapartment.屏風(fēng)把她的床與單間公寓的其他部位隔開來。

thesilverscreen:acinemascreenorthecinemaindustry銀幕;電影業(yè):starsofthesilverscreen影星

screensb(fromsth/sb):(fig.比喻)protectsb(fromblame,punishment,etc)保護(hù)某人（不受責(zé)備﹑懲罰等）;包庇;袒護(hù)Continuala.1.continuingwithoutbreaks不間斷的，不停的Theylivedincontinualfear.他們生活在無休止的恐懼之中。2.repeatedoftenandoveralongperiod多次重復(fù)的，頻頻的continualrequestsforimproved

workingconditions不斷要求改善工作環(huán)境

continualV.S.continuous.Continualusuallydescribesanactionwhichisrepeatedagainandagain.*continual一般指多次重復(fù)的動(dòng)作:*Pleasestopyourcontinualquestions.請不要再接二連三地提問了.*Hewascontinuallylateforwork.

他上班總是遲到.Continuousindicatesthattheactionorobjectcarriesonwithoutstoppingorinterruption.*continuous指一直持續(xù)的、不間斷的動(dòng)作：*Theychatteredcontinuouslyforanhour.他們嘮嘮叨叨足有一個(gè)小時(shí).*acontinuousflowoftraffic接連不斷的來往車輛.Reapvt.1.haveandenjoythefoodorthingsthathappenasaresultofwork獲得，得到Nowtheyhavecometoreapthebenefitsofourhardwork.現(xiàn)在他們要來收獲我們艱苦勞動(dòng)的成果了。2.cutandgatheracropofgrain收割，收獲Thewomenwerealloutreaping.婦女們都出去收割莊稼了。

(sowthewindand),reapthewhirlwind:(saying諺)(startsththatseemsfairlyharmlessand)havetosufferunforeseenconsequencesthatareseriousordisastrous播種的是風(fēng),收割的是暴風(fēng);（原無大害的事）后果卻不堪設(shè)想.Benefitn.anythingthatbringshelp

orprofit益處，好處Somecountriesoffernewcomersmanybenefits,suchasjobtrainingandlanguagelessons.有些國家對于初來的人提供許多優(yōu)惠，如工作培訓(xùn)和語言課程。vt.beusefulorhelpfulto有益于Thenewteachingplanwillbenefitmanystudents.這個(gè)新的教學(xué)項(xiàng)目會(huì)使許多學(xué)生受益。

benefittfromInsightn.thepowerofusingone'smind

toseeorunderstandthetruenatureofsth.洞察力，洞悉，深刻的見解amanofgreatinsight富有洞察力的人

give/provide/show/bring/develop/gain/offer/share/yieldinsightintoinsightful:showinginsight富有洞察力的;有深刻見解的Culturen.文化，文明Eachcountryhasadifferentculture.

That'swhyitissoexcitingtotravel

inforeigncountries.每一個(gè)國家有不同的文化。這就是到國外旅游使人興奮之處。

cultured:adj(ofpeople)appreciatingart,literature,etc;refined;cultivated（指人）懂文學(xué)﹑藝術(shù)等的,有教養(yǎng)的,文雅的.culturedpearl:pearlformedbyanoysterintowhichapieceofgrithasbeenplaced養(yǎng)殖珍珠.aquaculture:水產(chǎn)業(yè);agriculture:農(nóng)業(yè);apiculture:養(yǎng)蜂業(yè)

cultureshock:confusionanddisorientationcausedbycontactwithacivilizationotherthanone'sown文化沖擊.Communicate

vi.sendandexchangefeelings,

opinionsorinformation交流，交際Heisslowinspeakingandcannot

communicateverywell.他說話反應(yīng)慢，交流能力較差。

vt.make(opinions,feelingsorinformation)knownorunderstoodbyothers傳達(dá)，傳播Ourteachercommunicateshisideasveryclearly.我們的老師表達(dá)思想非常清楚。Favorite(英favourite)a.mostloved特別受寵的Redismyfavoritecolor.Ilikeredmorethanalloftheothercolors.紅色是我最喜歡的顏色。我喜歡紅色勝過其他任何顏色。n.sth.orsomeonethatislovedaboveallothers特別喜愛的人（或物）Ilikeallherbooksbutthisismyfavorite.她寫的書我都喜歡，但最喜歡這本。Gapn.anemptyspacebetween

twoobjects缺口，裂口Thatstoryhastoomany

gaps

inittomakesense.這個(gè)故事脫節(jié)的地方太多，意思不完整。Hehasagapbetweenhistwofrontteeth.他的兩個(gè)門牙之間有一缺口。

bridgea/thegap:(a)fillanawkwardoremptyspace填補(bǔ)尷尬的或空白的間隙:*bridgeagapintheconversation不使談話冷場*Asnackintheafternoonbridgesthegapbetweenlunchandsupper.在午餐和晚餐之間,下午吃些點(diǎn)心補(bǔ)充一下.(b)reducethedistance(betweenwidelycontrastinggroups)縮短（懸殊的）距離:*Howcanwebridgethegapbetweenrichandpoor?怎樣才能縮小貧富之間的差距?

thegenerationgap:differenceinattitude,orlackofunderstanding,betweenyoungpeopleandolderpeople代溝（兩代人之間態(tài)度的差異或隔閡）.TextstructurePartI:Introduction(Para.1):Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.PartII:Theauthor’s4stagesoflanguagelearningexperiences(Paras.2-7):

1.Juniormiddleschool;2.Seniormiddleschool;3.College;4.OnlinelearningPartIII:Conclusion(Para.8):Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeenamosttryingexperienceforme,butonethatIwouldn’ttradeforanything.SectionB

Languagepointscommunityn.agroupofpeoplelivingtogetherand/orunitedbythesameinterest,religionornationality社區(qū)，社會(huì)，團(tuán)體，界Thepeopleinourcommunityattendallthesportsmeetingsatthehighschool.住在我們社區(qū)里的人參加那所學(xué)校舉辦的所有運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

communitycentre:placewherethepeopleofaneighbourhoodcanmeetforsportingactivities,educationclasses,socialoccasions,etc社區(qū)活動(dòng)中心.

communitychest(US):fundforhelpinglocalpeopleinfinancialneed社區(qū)福利基金.communityhome(Brit):centrewhereyoungoffendersarekeptfortraining,beforetheirrelease失足青少年教養(yǎng)所.communitysinging:organizedsinging

inwhichallpresentmaytakepart（在場的人都參加的）大合唱.expandv.1.(causeto)increaseinsize,number,degreeorvolume（使）擴(kuò)大，（使）擴(kuò)張，(使)擴(kuò)展Weexpandedourhousewhenwehadasecondbaby.有了第二個(gè)小孩之后，我們把房子擴(kuò)大了一點(diǎn)。2.growlarger膨脹Woodendoorsexpandinhot,

wetweather.木門在潮熱天氣會(huì)膨脹。

expandonsth.:developorgivemoreof(astory,anargument,etc)闡述或詳述（某事,故事,論點(diǎn)等）awarea.havingknowledgeorunderstanding意識(shí)到的，知道的Newbabiesaresometimesnotawareofotherpeople.新生兒有時(shí)并不意識(shí)到他人的存在。Wewerenotawareoftherainuntilwewento