2021屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化專(zhuān)練考點(diǎn)05七選五含解析

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七五（2020·河高三月考）Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,lifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingsadness,frustrationandirritabilityTheirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingspointtoadiseasecalleddepressionthatmayrequiretreatment.It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue.2．Somekidswithdrawfromfriendsandfamily.respondwithangryoutbursts.Someteensmayskipschoolorstopeatingorsleeping.Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious.Evendepressedteensmaynottheyhavethisproblem.．MorethreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019.However,studybyresearchersatHarvardandYaleuniversitiesfoundthathalfofallteenswithdepressiondon'tgethelpuntiltheyadults.Andonlyinthreewillhavebeendiagnosedbytheirdoctor.4．"Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme,"Deesays,themental-healthprofessionalinLincoln,Neb.Deesays,peersshouldalsoseekforsignsofdepression.Keepaneyeonyourfriends,sherecommends.Watchforsymptomsofisolation)orhopelessness.．Anyofthesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression.Overall,knowing—and—tohelpisessentialforsuccessfullytreatingdepressioninteens.A．Andtheshareofthoseaffectedishigh.B．Somemaystartalcoholordrugs.C．Teensshouldbehonestwiththeiranswers.D．Theproblemisthatdepressioninteenscanbehardtospot.E.Thereisalinkbetweenillnessandinteens.F.Butforsomethoseemotionstakeextremeturn.G.Evenskippingclassesbeasignthatsomethinggoingon.

【答案】1．F2．D3．A4．C5．G【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章中介紹了青少年患抑郁癥的現(xiàn)象。青少年患抑郁癥的情況越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。是，問(wèn)題在于發(fā)現(xiàn)抑郁癥很難，甚至連青少年本人都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己的問(wèn)題。專(zhuān)家提出，家長(zhǎng)、老師和少年本人都要關(guān)注青少年抑郁的問(wèn)題。1．上文“canbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,lifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.sadness,frustrationandirritability于青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，生活是充滿(mǎn)挑戰(zhàn)的。他們必須同時(shí)兼顧學(xué)業(yè)、家庭生活和朋友。悲傷、沮喪和易的情緒是很常見(jiàn)的及下文“Theirfeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thosefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment們消極情緒不會(huì)來(lái)來(lái)去去。相反，這些強(qiáng)烈的感覺(jué)可能導(dǎo)致一種叫做抑郁癥的疾病，可能需要治療空和后內(nèi)容可知，該空和上文應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后文中提到的抑郁癥是消極情緒極端化的體現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)但對(duì)一青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，這些情緒發(fā)生了更極端的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選F。2．上文“tothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensmaybetrue們?nèi)菀渍J(rèn)為抑郁的人只是感到悲傷或絕望。對(duì)很多青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能是真“Teachers,parentsevenateen'sclosefriendsfindittotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtruly師、家長(zhǎng)甚至是少年的密友可能很難判斷這些行為是青少年的一部分，還是一些真正嚴(yán)重的跡象推，抑郁很難現(xiàn)D選項(xiàng)hardtospot切。故選D3．下文“threemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof1217experienceddepressionin2019年超過(guò)萬(wàn)歲至17歲美國(guó)人經(jīng)歷過(guò)抑郁癥空引出下文A選“受影響的比

例很高”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。4．根據(jù)下文精神健康專(zhuān)家Dee說(shuō)的“Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougive只根據(jù)患告訴我的情況開(kāi)展工作選項(xiàng)青年應(yīng)該對(duì)自己的問(wèn)題做出誠(chéng)實(shí)的回答”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。5．根據(jù)空后的“thesebehaviorscouldasymptomof這行為可能是抑郁癥的癥)可知空應(yīng)該指出抑郁癥的一些行為選skippingclassescanasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon(甚逃課也可能是有嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題發(fā)生的信)項(xiàng)中的even是前ofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness”的遞。故選GPassage2（2019·南縣蓮塘一中學(xué)高三月考）KeystoaGoodWeoftenseepicturesofhappyfamilies,buttherearecomplicationsanddynamicsinlife.Allfamilieshaveproblems,butyoucanfamilylifebetterwithhardworkdetermination.6．.Spendtimetogetherasafamily.Setasidetimetoplanandspendspecialtimestogether.Familytimeatthemightbewatchingamovietogether,playingbowls,abarbecueoragametogether.7．Doinghouseholdchorestogetheralsohelps;theyhavegottobedonesouseteamworkandbuildrelationshipsthesametime.Alloweachpersontobeanindividual.Althougheachpersonpartofafamily,theyshouldbeencouragedtospendtimedoingthingstheydevelopintheirownunique．9．.Hearingsomeoneelse,andbeingheardbythatperson,isthefoundationagoodrelationship.Eachfamilymemberhashisherownopinionsorsuggestions.Theyallowedtohaveviewsthatfromyours.Solistenwithanopenmindandrememberthatnoisperfect.Meeteachother’stoandeveryoneofyourfamilymembers.Listentotheirproblems.Iftheyneedsomething,setasidetimetodoso.Don’tignoremembersofyourfamilybyworkingorbeingbusyonyourphoneallthetime.Donscreamorshout.Alwaystalkrespectfully.10．,ifsomeonefamilyhasdonesomethingwrongortrust.A．Trytostaycalmtoseepointofview.

B．Everydayitbeeatingatleastonetogether.C．Respectyourfamilymembersfeelingsandideas.D．Thesestepswillyouallgetonwell.E.Tryapplyingthefollowingfivesteps.F.Beinghard-workinganddetermined,youwillbemuchhappierwithfamily.G.Thatway,eachfamilymemberself-expressioninpositiveandhealthyways.【答案】6．E7．B8．G9．C10．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了所有家庭都會(huì)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，但是你可以通過(guò)努力和決心來(lái)改善庭生活并給出了使家庭美好的幾點(diǎn)建議。6．根據(jù)上文“Allfamilieshaveproblems,butyoucanmakeyourfamilylifebetterwithhardworkanddetermination.有庭都會(huì)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，但是你可以通過(guò)努力和決心來(lái)改善家庭生活下文介紹了改善家庭生活的五個(gè)步驟，可知E項(xiàng)“嘗試應(yīng)用以下五個(gè)步驟”符合語(yǔ)境，起到承上啟下作用。故選E。7．根據(jù)此段主題句Spendtimetogetherafamily.家人共度時(shí)光）可知B項(xiàng)每天至要一起吃一頓飯”屬于其中之一，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。8．根據(jù)此段主題句Alloweachpersontobeanindividual.許個(gè)人都是一個(gè)個(gè)體）可知此段強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，再結(jié)合上文Althougheachpersonarepartoffamily,theyshouldbeencouragedtospendtimedoingthingstheychoosetodevelopintheirownunique然個(gè)人都是家的一份子，但他們應(yīng)該被鼓勵(lì)花時(shí)間做一些用自己的獨(dú)特方式來(lái)做的事情）可知項(xiàng)“樣，每個(gè)家庭成員都可以找到積極健康的自我表達(dá)方式”符合語(yǔ)境eachperson與項(xiàng)eachfamilymember呼應(yīng)故選。

9．設(shè)空處為本段主題句。根據(jù)下文“Eachfamilymemberhashisorherownopinionsorsuggestions.（每個(gè)家庭成員都有自己的意見(jiàn)或建議）可知，本段主要講述要尊重家人的意見(jiàn)項(xiàng)“重你家的感受和想法”可以作為本段主題句。故選。10．根據(jù)本段主題“Don'tscreamor可知，本段的建議是不要大喊大叫。結(jié)合空后內(nèi)容someoneinyourfamilyhasdonesomethingwrongbetrayedyourtrust.果家里有人做了錯(cuò)事或背叛了你的信任）可知A項(xiàng)“著保持冷靜，給他們時(shí)間來(lái)了解你的觀點(diǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的staycalm呼應(yīng)主題句，them指下文的someoneinyourfamily故選A。Passage3（2020·西藏昌都市第高級(jí)中學(xué)高三期末）Peoplerefusetochangethetheyhatebecausethey’re．Onceyouletgoofyouryou’llrealizewhateverhappens,you’llbeOKandbetocreateabetter,happierlifeforyourself．11Makealistofthethingsyouhateaboutlife．Bespecific．Don’tsay“Ihatemy”butlistthethingshateaboutit,suchasyourschedule,thepayoryourcoworkers．Dothesamewithotherareasofyour．12Ifyouhateyourbody,yourofself-respectorthewayyouactwithothers,includethatinyourlistas．13．Forexample,youcanaskraise,startlookingforanewjoborworkonabetterrelationshipyourcoworkersyouoverwhelmed,startwithsmallersteps,suchaslistingthepositiveaboutthethings．Youmighthateyourjob,youalsohavemonthlysalaryandmedicalbenefitsLetgoofthepast．Youmightnotbeabletoforgiveyourparents,yourexorfriendthathurtyou,butyoudon’tneedtothepainruleyourlifeeitherKatieByron,authorof“WhatIschanged．14．

”,emphasizestheimportanceacceptingthatcertainthingsbeKeepaThankYou．15．Everyday,trytofindfewthingsyou’regratefulforcanbesomethingasashavinggiveyouhisseatinthebusoropeningthedoorfor．Oritcanbeacomplimentoranemailfroma．Focusingonpositivewillmakeiteasiertoseethatgoodarealsopartofyour．

A．Donlookonlyoutsideyourlife．B．Agoodchangeisasgoodasa．C．Buthowcanyoustophatingyourlife?D．ListpositivethingsyoucandotochangeE.Nevertroubletroubleuntiltroubletroubles．F.Thiswillhelpyoufocusonthepositiveinyour．G.Instead,focusontheandwhatyoucandotomakebetter．【答案】11．C12．A13．D14．G15．F【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。人們通常不愿意改變自己對(duì)于厭惡的事物的固有印象，往往是因?yàn)槿藗兒ε鲁鲞@種改變。如果你試著放下自己的恐懼，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你能夠通過(guò)這種改變?yōu)樽约簞?chuàng)造更幸福的人生。文就此給出了幾點(diǎn)建議。11．上文提到“Onceyouletgoofyourfears,you’llrealizethatwhateverhappens,’llbeOKandbeabletoabetter,happierlife．（一旦你放下了恐懼，你就會(huì)意識(shí)到，無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，你都會(huì)沒(méi)事的，并且能夠?yàn)樽约簞?chuàng)造更美好、更快樂(lè)的生活下給出了一些建議可知，C項(xiàng)：Buthowcanhatingyour（是你怎樣才能停止憎恨你的生活?）合語(yǔ)境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選C。12．上文講到，具體羅列出在生活中不喜歡的東西，而不是籠統(tǒng)的一大類(lèi)事物，結(jié)合上文“thepayoryourcoworkers.thesamewithotherareasofyourlife.”你的時(shí)間表，工資還是你的同事。在你生活的其他方面也做同樣的事情）以及下文“yourof-respectthewayyouactwithothers”（你缺乏自尊或你與他人相處的方式）可知，自己的內(nèi)在以及處事方式，也包括內(nèi)。由此推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述我們不僅要關(guān)注生活之外的事情A項(xiàng)Donlookonlyoutsideyourlife.不

要只看你生活之外的東西）符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的Don’tlookonly對(duì)上文的otherareasofyour。故選A。13．設(shè)空處為本段的主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,youcanaskforastartlookingforanewjoborworkonabetterrelationshipcoworkers.”例如，你可以要求加薪、開(kāi)始找一份新工作或改善與同事的關(guān)系知，本段主要談?wù)摰氖欠e極主動(dòng)地做一些自己能做的改變D項(xiàng)Listpositivethingsyoucandotochange.（出你可以改變的積極的事情合語(yǔ)境。故選D。14．根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“goofthepast開(kāi)過(guò)去段建議放下過(guò)去文提到“KatieByron,of“WhatIs

”,emphasizestheimportancecertaincannotbechanged.”（凱蒂·拜倫是《愛(ài)來(lái)的東西》一書(shū)的作者，她強(qiáng)調(diào)了接受某些無(wú)法改變的事實(shí)重要性結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，項(xiàng)Instead,focusonthepresentandwhatyoucandotomakeyourlifebetter.（相反，專(zhuān)注于現(xiàn)在，想想自己能做些什么來(lái)讓生活變得更好文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中的whatyoucandotomakeyourlife對(duì)上文的thingscannotbechanged。選G15．本段的主旨句是“KeepaThankYoujournal”寫(xiě)感恩日記處與主旨句形成解釋說(shuō)明關(guān)系F項(xiàng)中的“this”指代上文提到的“感恩日記”項(xiàng)：Thiswillhelpyoufocusonthepositiveinlife.（將幫助你關(guān)注生活的極面合境。故選FPassage4（2020·河北石家莊·石家莊二中高三期中）MountainAmountainisalandformthatriseshighaboveitssurroundings.Tallerahill,usuallyhassteepslopesandaroundedorsharppeak.Mountainsarerarelyfoundalone.．Linesofrangesformmountainbelts.Somemountainswereformedbytheactivityofvolcanoes.ScientistsbelievethatmostvolcanicmountainsareupofrockthatdeepwithinTherockrosethroughEarth’ssurface,orcrust.Itthenontothesurfaceintheformoflava.17．Volcanicmountainsaretypicallysteep.MountFujiinJapan,MountKilimanjaroinAfrica,andMountRainierinUnitedareexamplesofvolcanicmountains.OthermountainsweremovementsEarth’scrust.Thetheorycalledplate

tectonicsexplainsthistypeofmountainbuilding.Earthcrustisdividedintohugecalledplates,whichmoveveryslowly.Thecontinentssittopoftheandmovewiththem.Attimestheplatesstrikeother,forcingtherockupward.TheHimalayasofAsiaareanexampleofthistypeofmountainchain.．Mountainrangesarenaturalbarrierstravel.Roadsaredifficulttobuildacrossthem.Railroadsexpensivetunnelstocrossevenlowmountains.．Theyoftenformbordersbetweencountries.Lifeishardinmountainlands.Theplacesoftheworldarecoldandhavesoil,makingfarmingdifficult.．Skiingandclimbingarepopularmountainsports.Aofmountainsarecalledranges.B．However,manymountainareasarespots.C．Thelava,alongvolcanicdust,builttomountains.D．Thesecolderclimatesstronglyaffecttheecosystemsofmountains.E.Thusthecontinentalcrustisnormallymuchthickerundermountains.F.Thereforemountaintodividethepeopleoneithersidethem.G.TheywereformedwhenplatecarryingIndiastrucktheAsianplate.【答案】16．A17．C18．G19．F20．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于山的一些知識(shí)，包括它的地貌、形成原因和作用等。16．根據(jù)上文“Mountainsarefound山少是單獨(dú)存在)”以及后文“Linesrangesformmountainbelts.(連的山脈形成了山地”可知，上文提到山很少單獨(dú)存在，說(shuō)明山都是成群存在的，形成山脈，后文中與A項(xiàng)中ranges相對(duì)應(yīng)。故A選“山脈群被稱(chēng)為山脈”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A17．

根據(jù)上文“Somemountainswerebytheactivityofvolcanoes.Scientistsbelievethatmostvolcanicmountainsaremadeupofrockthatmelteddeepwithinearth.ThethroughEarthsurface,orcrust.Itthenflowedontothesurfaceintheformof有山是由火山活動(dòng)形成的?？茖W(xué)家們認(rèn)為，大多數(shù)的火山是由地球深處融化的巖石組成的。巖石穿過(guò)地球表面或地。然后它以熔巖的形式流到表)”以及后文Volcanicmountainsaretypicallysteep.MountinJapan,MountKilimanjaroinAfrica,andMountRainierintheUnitedStatesareexamplesvolcanicmountains.(火山型山通常是陡的。日本的富士山、非洲的乞力馬扎羅山和美國(guó)的雷尼爾山都是火山的例子”知，本段主要介紹的是山通過(guò)火山活動(dòng)形成，本句應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明熔巖如何堆積成的，上文中與C選中Thelava相應(yīng)。故項(xiàng)“熔巖和火山灰一起堆積成山”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。18．根據(jù)上文“OthermountainswereformedmovementswithinEarth’scrust.Thetheorycalledplatetectonicsexplainsthistypeofmountainbuilding.Earth’scrustisdividedintohugecalledplates,whichmoveveryslowly.Thecontinentssittopoftheandmovewiththem.Attimestheplatesstrikeother,forcingtherockupward.TheHimalayasofAsiaareanexampleofthistypeofmountainchain.(其他的山脈是由地殼內(nèi)部的運(yùn)動(dòng)形成的。板構(gòu)造理論解釋了這種造山運(yùn)動(dòng)。地殼被分成巨大的板塊，板塊移動(dòng)非常緩慢。大陸位于這些板塊的頂并隨之移動(dòng)。有時(shí)板塊相互碰撞，迫使巖石向上。亞洲的喜馬拉雅山就是這種山脈的一個(gè)例)”可知，本說(shuō)明的是由板塊運(yùn)動(dòng)形成的山，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明喜馬拉雅山是如何通過(guò)塊運(yùn)動(dòng)形成的。項(xiàng)的They指上文TheHimalayasofAsia故選項(xiàng)它們是印度板塊撞擊亞洲板塊時(shí)形成的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。19．根據(jù)上文“Mountainrangesarenaturalbarrierstravel.Roadsaredifficulttobuildacrossthem.Railroadsneedexpensivetunnelscrossevenlowmountains.(山脈是旅行的天然障礙。很難在它們上面修路鐵甚至需穿越低山修建昂貴的隧以及后oftenformbordersbetweencountries.(它們經(jīng)常形成國(guó)家間的邊)”可知，上文提到山脈是障礙，后文提到山脈是國(guó)家之間的邊界，可知山脈可以用來(lái)區(qū)分地界，把兩邊的人們分開(kāi)。故項(xiàng)“因此，山脈傾向于把人們分為兩邊”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。20．根據(jù)上文“LifeishardmountainThehighoftheworldareandhavesoil,makingfarmingdifficult.(山區(qū)的生活很艱苦。世界上地勢(shì)較高的地方氣候寒冷，土壤少，這

使得農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)困)”以及后文Skiingandclimbingarepopularmountain滑和山是很受歡迎的高山運(yùn))”可知，本句與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明山區(qū)雖然使農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)困難，但有的地方也很受歡迎的高山運(yùn)動(dòng)，可以供人們度假。故項(xiàng)“然而，許多山區(qū)是度假勝地”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。Passage5（2020·浙江杭州市·

學(xué)軍中學(xué)高三月考）Manypeoplebelievesharksaredangerousandalwaystrytohurtorevenkillhumans.21．AsharkexhibitionattheNationalinBaltimore,US,provesthis.cantouchyoungsharks,seetheireggsdevelopandwatchdozendifferentspeciesswimsmoothlyaroundahugetank.Mostpeopletothatsharkattacksdon'thappenveryoften.Humansaretobekilledbylightningthanbyshark.Theycanwatchtheminsidetheeggsandfeeltheskinoftheolderswimmerssotolearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearsharks.＂Peoplefearwhattheydon'tknow,"saidNancyHotchkiss,anorganizeroftheexhibition,whichrunstillDecember."Sharkshavebeenroundfor400millionyearsandplayanimportantroleintheocean'sfoodchain.peopletodiscoverthatsharksareamazinganimalsthatneedourrespectandprotection."23．.Astudy,publishedinJanuaryintheUSmagazinefoundthatalmostrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepasteightfifteenThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialsuchassharkfinMorethanhalfofallsharkscaughtaresmallerthanonemeterlong.＂Somefishingmethodsareactuallyouttheocean,"saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium'soceanhealthprogram."Thefishermenthrewthemaway．.A．Ashocking100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearbyhumansaroundtheworld.B．Andmanygetinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherfish.Ccansmellandtasteblood,andtraceitbacktoitssource.D．Infact,94percentofthe400speciesarehumans.E.Whoeverdoharmtoshallbepunishedbyinternationallaws.F.Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashaveputmeasuresinplaceprotectthesespeciesoffish.

G.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumupspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.【答案】21．D22．G23．A24．B25．F【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了瀕危物種鯊魚(yú)，它們其實(shí)對(duì)人類(lèi)是沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)的，所以呼吁人們保它們。21．根據(jù)前一句“Manypeoplesharksaredangerousandwillalwaystrytohurtorevenkillhumans.（多人認(rèn)為鯊魚(yú)是危險(xiǎn)的，總是試圖傷害甚至殺死人類(lèi)空處作者要告訴我們關(guān)于鯊魚(yú)的一個(gè)事實(shí)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)D.Infact,94percentoftheworld's400speciesharmlesstohumans.(事實(shí)上，世界上400物種中有對(duì)人類(lèi)無(wú)害。)承接前一句，符合題意。故選D22．根據(jù)前一句“Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon'thappenveryHumansaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyshark.（多數(shù)人沒(méi)有意識(shí)到鯊魚(yú)襲擊并經(jīng)常發(fā)生。人類(lèi)被閃電殺死的可能性比被鯊魚(yú)殺死的可能性大，空處談?wù)撊绾巫屓藗兝斫膺@個(gè)事實(shí)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialforchildren.(而了明確這一點(diǎn)，博物館專(zhuān)門(mén)為孩子們?cè)O(shè)立了一個(gè)觸摸池)承上啟下，符合題意下一句中的指本句中的children。選G。23．根據(jù)空后“publishedinJanuaryinthemagazineScience,foundthatalmostallrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepasteightfifteen（國(guó)《科學(xué)》雜志1發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾乎所有記錄在案的鯊魚(yú)種類(lèi)在過(guò)去至15年都減少了一半空處介紹的是研究數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)A.shocking100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearbyhumansaroundtheworld.(全世每有1億只鯊魚(yú)被人類(lèi)捕殺，令人震驚)與后文內(nèi)容描述一致。選。24．根據(jù)空前“ThousandsofsharkshuntedinAsiaforspecialfoods,suchassharkfin在

亞洲，成千上萬(wàn)的鯊魚(yú)被捕殺，作為特殊食物，比如魚(yú)翅湯，處談?wù)摰氖酋忯~(yú)被捕殺的況，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)Andothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherfish.(還有很多鯊魚(yú)在漁夫捕魚(yú)時(shí)被漁網(wǎng)捕獲承接上文，符合題意arehunted呼應(yīng)getin。故選B。25．根據(jù)空前“"Thefishermenthrewrubbish."（漁民們把小鯊魚(yú)像垃圾一樣扔了，空處是呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)鯊魚(yú)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)F.Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashaveputmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.(這一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的情況一些地區(qū)已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)保護(hù)這些魚(yú)類(lèi)物種)接前一句，符合題意it指的是“漁民們把小鯊魚(yú)像圾一樣扔了選F。（2020·江南京市·高三月考）Guiltisoneofthemostpainfulemotionsthathumansexperiencebutalsooneofthemostcommon.Nobodyfeelingguilty,butthisemotionservesanimportantpurpose:itapersonwhenheorhassomethingenablesthepersontoamendsandworktohealrelationshipsthatweredamagedbytheiractions.．Nevertheless,guiltcanbedestructiveitisnotdealtwithinrightway.causepeopletoavoidothersbecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoapologizefortheirorinaction.Sometrytoavoidthepainguiltbyturningotherworsehabits.．Theproperresponsetoguiltdependsonwhatkindguiltyou'redealingwith.Forfalseguilt,it’simportanttorecognizethattheguiltdoesnotreflectanactualethicalfailure.Forexample,somefalseguiltontomeetexpectationsyouhadforyourself.28．Nooneisperfect,andnocandoeverything,soadmittingyourlimitsisactuallyasignofhumility.29．youdon’tneedtofeelguilty,thesefeelingsarerealandnormal.Trytobalancethemwithpositivethoughts,realizethatitoftentakestimefeelingstochange.30．Ifso,don’ttrytoconcealApologizeaskforforgiveness.Learnfrommistakes,andtrytoavoidcommittingtheagain.Gettingontheyouhurtmakeyourguiltyfeelingsfade.Guiltispainful,butitcanserveagoodpurposeifyouuseitwell.

A．Otherpeopleexperiencefalseguiltexpectationsforthemselves.B．Itpossiblethatyoufeelguiltybecauseyouactuallydidsomethingwrong.CtrytocoveruptheirguiltbyblamingothersbecomingD．ItcanalsomotivatepeopletoavoidmakingmistakesE.Inthiscase,itimportanttoremindyourselfthatyoulimits.F.Moreover,guiltcanresultinphysicalandmentaldiscomfortsmeanwhile.G.Italsoimportanttoacknowledgewhatyouarefeeling.【答案】26．D27．C28．E29．G30．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。內(nèi)疚是人類(lèi)經(jīng)歷的最痛苦的情緒之一，也是最常見(jiàn)的情緒之一。但如果你好利用它，它是有好處的。文章列舉了內(nèi)疚感可以帶來(lái)的好處以及如何處理內(nèi)疚感。26．根據(jù)上文“Guiltisoneofthemostpainfulemotionsthathumansexperiencebutalsooneofthemostfeelingguilty,butthisemotionservesanimportantpurpose:itapersonwhenheorhassomethingenablesthepersontoamendsandworktohealrelationshipsthatweredamagedbytheiractions.內(nèi)是人類(lèi)經(jīng)歷的最痛苦的情之一，也是最常見(jiàn)的一種。沒(méi)有人喜歡內(nèi)疚，但這種情緒有一個(gè)重要的目的：當(dāng)一個(gè)人做錯(cuò)了什么事，它會(huì)提醒他。這能使人做出補(bǔ)償，努力修復(fù)因他們的行為而受損的關(guān))”可知，本句為敘述內(nèi)疚帶來(lái)優(yōu)點(diǎn)D選項(xiàng)中it指上文中thisemotion故D項(xiàng)“它也可以激勵(lì)人們避免以后犯類(lèi)似的錯(cuò)誤”符合境，故選D。27．根據(jù)上文“guiltcanbedestructiveifitnotdealtwithintherightway.Itcancausepeopleavoidothersbecausetheytooembarrassedtoapologizefortheiractionsorinaction.Sometoavoidthepainguiltbyturningtootherworsehabits.(然，如果

處理不當(dāng)，內(nèi)疚是毀滅性的。它會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們回避他人，因?yàn)樗麄冞^(guò)于不好意思為自己的行為或作為道歉。一些人試圖通過(guò)養(yǎng)成其他更壞的習(xí)慣來(lái)避免內(nèi)疚的痛)可知，上文提到了人們對(duì)內(nèi)疚的反應(yīng)，且上文中some與C選中others構(gòu)some…others結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一些人……其他人……C選“他人則試圖通過(guò)責(zé)備別人或生氣來(lái)掩蓋他們的內(nèi)疚”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。28．根據(jù)上文“Forexample,somefalseguiltfocusesonfailingtomeetexpectationsyouhadforyourself.(例如，一些錯(cuò)誤的內(nèi)感在于沒(méi)有達(dá)到你對(duì)自己的期望)”以及后文Nooneisperfect,noonecandoeverything,soadmittingyouractuallysignofhumility.(沒(méi)人是完美的，也沒(méi)有人可以做所有的事，所以承認(rèn)自己的局限性實(shí)際上是一種謙卑的表”知，本段主要說(shuō)明了錯(cuò)誤負(fù)罪感產(chǎn)生的原因是認(rèn)為沒(méi)有達(dá)到對(duì)自己的期望，后文則提到了人無(wú)完人，可知對(duì)這種況的解決辦法是：提醒自己有局限性。后文中admittingyourlimits對(duì)應(yīng)到E選中have。項(xiàng)“在這種情況下，提醒自己有局限性是很重要的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。29．根據(jù)后文“Evenwhenyoudon’tneedfeelguilty,thesefeelingsarerealandnormal.Trytobalancethemwithpositivethoughts,butrealizethatitoftentakestimeforfeelingstochange.(即使你不需要感到內(nèi)疚，這些感覺(jué)是真實(shí)和正常的。試著用積極的想法來(lái)平衡它們，但要意識(shí)到緒的改變往往需要時(shí)間)可本段主要調(diào)了如何處理自己的感受文中thesefeelings對(duì)應(yīng)到G選中whatyouarefeeling。故G選項(xiàng)承認(rèn)你的感受也很重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。30．根據(jù)后文“Ifso,don’ttrytoconcealit.Apologizeandaskforforgiveness.Learnfrommistakes,andtrytoavoidcommittingagain.Gettingonwellwiththepersonyouhurtshouldmakeguiltyfeelingsfade.(果是這樣，不要試圖隱瞞。道歉并請(qǐng)求原諒。從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，盡量避免再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。與被你傷害的人相處融洽，你的愧疚感就會(huì)消)”可知，后提到了不要試圖隱瞞和道歉請(qǐng)求原諒，可推知本句是在說(shuō)明確實(shí)做錯(cuò)了事情而感到內(nèi)疚的情況B選中somethingwrong與后中yourmistakes相對(duì)。故選項(xiàng)你有可能因?yàn)槟愦_實(shí)做錯(cuò)了什么事感到內(nèi)疚”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。（2020·江高三月考）In1993,SwedishpsychologistK.AndersEricssonsetouttofindthesecrettoturningatypicalteenintoavirtuoso.Hisanswer．Thefigurewascalled"themagicnumberofgreatness"byjournalistandauthorMalcolmGladwellinhis2008bookOutliers.

Theconcept“practicemakesperfect"hasbeenrootedtheheadsofambitiousyouthssincetheRomanEmpire.．Butcanitbethatsimple?Noteveryexpertagrees.Whiletrainingisessentialtolearning,alotoftimepracticingsomethingoveroverdoesn'tmeanyou'llgoprofessional,saysZachHambrick,psychologistatMichiganStateUniversity.33reviewingdifferentstudiesaboutofinmusic,sports,education,andprofessionalandHambrickfoundthatpracticetimeaccountedforonlyaboutone-quarterofanydifferenceinskilllevel.Otherfactors-likeage,intelligence,andnaturalgifts-allplayedbigrolessettingapartthefromthebest.34．Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwinaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmaketallerortohitnotesacrosseveryoctave.．Ofcoursethisdoesn'tmeanweshouldpracticing,says.Nobodypopsoutofthewombknowinghowtodanceorplotasneakycheckmate.Butperfectionin10,000hours?There'snoguarantee.A．Nevertoooldtopractise.B．Practice:10,000hoursit.C．Genesinparticularshapephysicalandintellectualability.D．Largeamountsofpianonotmakeyourfingersgrowlonger.E.Topsportsmenandmusicianshaveallputinthisofwork.F.SoanyonecanbeaYo-Yoasasdevotetimetopractising.G.Beinggreatisn'tjustaboutworkquantitybutalsoabouttheworkersthemselves.【答案】31．B32．F33．G34．C35．D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。雖然訓(xùn)練對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)說(shuō)是必不可少的，但花大量時(shí)間反復(fù)練習(xí)并不意味著你就變得更專(zhuān)

業(yè)。文章主要說(shuō)明了影響練習(xí)效果的一些因素。31．根據(jù)上文“1993,SwedishpsychologistK.Andersetouttofindsecrettoturningatypicalteenintoavirtuoso.(1993年瑞典心理學(xué)家K.Anders開(kāi)著尋找把一個(gè)普通青少年變成小提琴演奏家的秘)以及后文Thefigurewasmagicnumberofgreatness"byjournalistandauthorMalcolmGladwellinhis2008bookOutliers.(記兼作家MalcolmGladwell在其2008年版的《類(lèi)》一書(shū)中稱(chēng)這個(gè)數(shù)字為“偉大的神奇數(shù)字)”可知，上文提心理學(xué)家開(kāi)始尋找通青少年變成小提琴演奏家的秘密，后文則提到這個(gè)數(shù)字，可推知本句是在說(shuō)明這秘密與一個(gè)數(shù)字有關(guān)，B選中10,000hours應(yīng)后文中The。故B選項(xiàng)“練習(xí)1萬(wàn)個(gè)時(shí)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。32．根據(jù)上文“Theconceptof“practicemakesperfect"hasbeenrootedintotheheadsofambitiousyouthssincetheRomanEmpire.自馬帝國(guó)以來(lái)能生巧”的理念就在雄心勃勃的年輕人頭腦中根深蒂固以后“Butcanbesimple?Noteveryexpertagrees.Whiletrainingisessentialtolearning,spendingalotoftimepracticingsomethingoverandoverdoesn'tyou'llgoprofessional,saysZachHambrick,apsychologistatMichiganStateUniversity.(但情的這么簡(jiǎn)單嗎？并非所有專(zhuān)家都同意這一觀點(diǎn)。密歇根州立大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家ZachHambrick說(shuō)，然訓(xùn)練對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)說(shuō)是必不可少的但大量時(shí)反復(fù)練習(xí)并不意味著你就會(huì)變得更專(zhuān))可知上提到“能生巧”強(qiáng)調(diào)練習(xí)的重要性，后文則提到花大量時(shí)間反復(fù)練習(xí)并不意味著你就會(huì)變得更專(zhuān)業(yè)，可推知本與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，說(shuō)明投入足夠的時(shí)間練習(xí)的重要性，后文中alotoftimepracticing可項(xiàng)中devoteenoughtimetopractising對(duì)應(yīng)。故F項(xiàng)“所以只要投入足夠的時(shí)間練習(xí)，任何都可以成為馬友友”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F33．根據(jù)后文“reviewingdifferentstudiesabouttheroleofpracticeinmusic,sports,education,andprofessionalandsuccess,Hambrickfoundpracticetimeaccountedforaboutone-quarterofanydifferenceinskilllevel.Otherfactors-likeage,intelligence,andnaturalgifts-allplayedbigrolesinsettingapartthebetterfrombest.(在顧關(guān)于練習(xí)在音樂(lè)、游戲、體育、教育、職業(yè)和成功中的作用的不同研究后，漢布里克發(fā)現(xiàn)練習(xí)時(shí)間只技能水平差異的四分之一。其他因素，如年齡、智力和天賦，都在區(qū)分優(yōu)劣中起著重要作”知，后文提到個(gè)人的年齡、智力和天賦，都在區(qū)分優(yōu)劣中起著重要作用，說(shuō)明優(yōu)秀不僅與練習(xí)量有關(guān)，還與個(gè)人身素質(zhì)有

關(guān)系。故G選“優(yōu)秀不僅僅與作量有關(guān)，還與員工本身有關(guān)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。34．根據(jù)后文“Heightmightbeusefulforbasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwinaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmaketallerortohitnotesacrossevery身對(duì)籃球明星來(lái)說(shuō)可能很有用，寬廣的音域可以幫助你在合唱團(tuán)中贏得席之地。再多的練習(xí)也不會(huì)讓你長(zhǎng)高，也不會(huì)讓你唱出每個(gè)八度音階上的音)”可知，后文提到了能力的高要受到自身素質(zhì)的限制，即特定的基因塑造了在某方面的身體素質(zhì)和智力能力。故C選項(xiàng)特定的基因塑造身體素質(zhì)和智力能力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選。35．根據(jù)上文“Heightmightbeusefulforbasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwinaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmaketallerortohitnotesacrossevery身對(duì)籃球明星來(lái)說(shuō)可能很有用，寬廣的音域可以幫助你在合唱團(tuán)中贏得席之地。再多的練習(xí)也不會(huì)讓你長(zhǎng)高，也不會(huì)讓你唱出每個(gè)八度音階上的音)”可知，上文列舉了能力的高要受到身體條件的客觀影響，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)舉例說(shuō)明練習(xí)受到客觀事實(shí)影，故項(xiàng)“大量的鋼琴演奏不會(huì)使你的手指變長(zhǎng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選。Passage8（2020·四川樂(lè)山市高三月考）TheCo19pandemicislikewhichnegativelyaffectschildren'smentalandphysicalandbehavior.aresomewaysthatcanhelpkidsdealwiththestress.Watchyourkidsclosely.Whenweseeachildactinginmannerthatwethinkisinappropriate,wetoconsiderthatthechildmaybeartoomuchstress.Giventhis,it'simportantattheirbehaviorscarefully.．Understandtheeffectsofadversity（境）onchildren.Whilemanykidsareexperiencingstressfulsituationrightnow,thosewhohavebeenexposedtootherbadeventsinchildhoodareatanincreasedriskofstrugglingduringandafterthiscrisis.38．ByknowingwhoismostatrisksufferextremestressfromCovid-19,policymakerscandelivercommunityresourcestothosewhoareexpectedtoneedthemmost.39．

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