高中英語(yǔ)北師大版Uint7Thesea 第七單元過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)a

第七單元過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)AⅠ.閱讀理解A導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53090024Manypeoplebelievesharksaredangerousandwillalwaystrytohurtorevenkillfact,94percentoftheworld’sspeciesareharmlesstohumans.AsharkexhibitionattheNationalAquarium(水族館)inBaltimore,USprovescantouchyoungsharks,seetheireggsdevelopandwatchadozendifferentspeciesswimsmoothlyaroundahugetank.Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon’thappenveryaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.There,kidscanlearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearcanwatchthemdevelopinsidetheeggsandfeeltheskinsofthem.“Peoplefearwhattheydon’tknow,”saidNancyHotchkiss,anorganizeroftheexhibition,whichrunstillDecember.“Sharkshavebeenaroundfor400millionyearsandplayanimportantroleintheocean’sfoodwantpeopletodiscoverthatsharksareamazinganimalsthatneedourrespectandprotection.”It’sshockingthat100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearbyhumansaroundtheworld.Astudy,publishedinJanuaryintheUSmagazineScience,foundthatalmostallrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepasteighttofifteenyears.ThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialfoods,suchassharkfinmanyothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherthanhalfofallsharksaresmallerthanonemetrelong.“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,”saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium’soceanhealthprogram.“Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish.”Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashavetakenmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.mainpurposeofthesharkexhibitionisto.

howsharksarebornanddevelopintheoceanpeopleknowmoreaboutsharksandprotectthemchildrenlearnnottofearsharksfromanearlyagehowsharkspecieshavefalleninthepastfewyears答案:B提示:推理判斷題。從文章的第二段和第四段可以推出答案。thelastparagraphbutone,theunderlinedword“them”refersto.

sharksboatsnets methods答案:A提示:詞義推斷題。從倒數(shù)第三段的“Morethanhalfofallsharksaresmallerthanonemetrelong.”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,”saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium’soceanhealthprogram.“Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish.”可以得知答案。doesDaveSchofieldmeanbysaying“Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean”?sharkscannotbecaughtbysomefishingmethods.smallsharkscanbecaughtbysomefishingmethods.oceanisbeingmadecleanerbysomefishingmethods.manysharksarebeingkilledbysomefishingmethods.答案:D提示:推理判斷題。從后三段可以看出:漁民使用的獵捕方法,使得無(wú)論大小的獵物他們都能捕獲出,這種情況讓人擔(dān)憂。canbeinferredfromthepassagethatthewriteris.

toknowsharksalwayshurtpeopletoknowsharksareharmlesstopeopleaboutthepresentsituationofsharkspeciestoknowtheoceanisbecomingmuchcleaner答案:C提示:推理判斷題。從短文最后一段“Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashavetakenmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.”可以推測(cè)出答案。B(2023江蘇,C)ElNi?o,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild,”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundNi?oseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanycountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNi?os,onbalance,thantheystudyfoundthatastrongNi?oin1997-98helpedAmerica’seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests:farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextratotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinmulti-yeardrought(干旱)insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNi?omayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNi?o,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundthesuchNi?oscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscantotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)canreducethespreadofsewers(下水道)makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineaftertoapaperin2023byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNi?o’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthetherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingthepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNi?o,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文共420詞,是一篇說(shuō)明文。厄爾尼諾一詞源自西班牙文ElNi?o,原意是“小男孩”或“小女孩”,也指圣嬰,用來(lái)表示在赤道太平洋東部和中部海域海水出現(xiàn)異常增暖的現(xiàn)象。厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象所造成的影響是多方面的:既有捕魚(yú)量下降、洪水泛濫、森林大火、嚴(yán)重干旱、沖突與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等災(zāi)害性影響,又有部分富裕國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)增收,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)等利好影響。文章同時(shí)指出,厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象是可以預(yù)測(cè)的,政府可以采取針對(duì)性措施做好災(zāi)害的預(yù)防工作。canwelearnaboutElNi?oinParagraph1?isnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.takesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.forcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.seesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.答案:D提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段概括說(shuō)明了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象名字的來(lái)源,發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、現(xiàn)象的成因等內(nèi)容。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在...isnamedafterafisherman這一說(shuō)法,原文是“...wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermen”;B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在almosteveryyear,原文為everytwotosevenyears;C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在stop一詞,原文的內(nèi)容是reducedtheamountoffishescaught,并非停止捕魚(yú)。D項(xiàng)可以從原文中“backeastwards”和“normallyblowwestwards”等關(guān)鍵詞歸納出“thechangesofwaterflowdirection”這一結(jié)論。mayElNi?osbringabouttothecountriesaffected?harvestsinrichcountriesfall.becomemoreharmfulthanfloods.countries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.countriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.答案:C提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Richcountriesgainmore...”排除A項(xiàng),錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)出在fall一詞;B項(xiàng)的說(shuō)法沒(méi)有根據(jù),文章中并沒(méi)有做出對(duì)比;D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在less一詞,從文章第二段和第三段的說(shuō)明可知,一些貧困的國(guó)家,如印度尼西亞,遭受到嚴(yán)重的干旱,影響了國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。C項(xiàng)的題源句為第二段中“RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNi?os,onbalance,thantheylose.”,句意為“總的來(lái)說(shuō),富裕國(guó)家得大于失。”dataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat.

investmentshouldgotoriskreductionofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidofElNi?odeservemorecompensationandreconstructionshouldcomefirst答案:A提示:推理判斷題。題源句為:AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.句意為:然而根據(jù)海外研究所提供的數(shù)字,在過(guò)去的20年里,相比于災(zāi)后恢復(fù)和重建,只有12%的賑災(zāi)資金用于事先的減災(zāi)預(yù)防。just的內(nèi)涵意義是“言其少”,因此選擇A項(xiàng)。B、C項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有提及,D項(xiàng)弄反了作者的觀點(diǎn)。istheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?introduceElNi?oanditsorigin.explaintheconsequencesofElNi?o.showwaysoffightingagainstElNi?o.urgepeopletoprepareforElNi?o.答案:D提示:作者意圖題。作者首先簡(jiǎn)要介紹了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象,列舉了其危害性,進(jìn)而引出作者寫(xiě)作的真實(shí)意圖:厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象是可預(yù)報(bào)、可預(yù)防的,因此政府部門(mén)以及有關(guān)人員應(yīng)該積極行動(dòng)起來(lái)做好災(zāi)害的防范工作。A、B、C三項(xiàng)都屬于以偏概全,以事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)代替寫(xiě)作目的。CHaveyouevertakenatestthatyouthoughtyoucouldhavepassedeasily,onlytomakesomesillymistakesthatreallyhurtyourgrade?Morethanafewstudentshavedonesomeseemtodoitoverandoveragain.Thereareseveralproblemareasthatcancausestudentstogoofupordopoorlyinatestthattheycouldhavepassed.

Somestudentscanbecomeoverconfidentintheirknowledgeofthesubjectthinktheyknowthematerialbetterthantheyactuallyiseasyforstudentstomisjudgetheirownknowledge,andwhentheyrealisethattheydon’tknowthematerial,itistoolate.Whathappensmoreoften,though,isthatsomestudentsfeelthattheyaresmartenoughtobeabletoguesstheirwaythroughatheydon’tbotherstudyingtheareoverconfidentintheirabilitytounderstandthings.Ineithercase,overconfidencecanresultinlowergradesinthisapplytoyou?Anotherthingthatcanhappenisthatstudentsunderestimatethedifficultyoftheexpectaneasytest,buttheteacherthrowsinarealtoughtestthattheyhaven’tpreparedtheteachermaycovermaterialinthetestthatstudentsweren’tcanhappen,especiallyiftheyweren’tpayingattentioninclass.Finally,therearestudentswhodon’tfeelthatgettingagoodgradeisimportanttothem,sotheydon’tbothertostudyoreventrytodostudentsmaybetryingtopunishtheirparents,haveapoorimageofthemselves,orarejustplain,youarenotoneofthesestudents.writerbelievesthatmanystudents.

afraidofexams carelessmistakeshomework confidence答案:B提示:根據(jù)第一段的第一句話可知答案。doestheunderlinedphrase“goofup”mean?overconfident.nervous.sillymistakes.wrongchoices.答案:C提示:此段承接上一段的內(nèi)容,分析學(xué)生為什么會(huì)在考試中犯一些較傻的錯(cuò)誤。由此推斷該詞的意義應(yīng)為makesillymistakes。tothewriter,whowillbemostunwillingtotryhisbestinatest?,dissatisfiedwithhisparents.,expectinganeasytestforhim.,believingheisthesmartestintheclass.,beingoverconfidentabouthisability.答案:A提示:文章最后說(shuō)“Suchstudentsmaybetryingtopunishtheirparents...”,即不滿意父母的學(xué)生會(huì)不努力考試,以此來(lái)懲罰其父母。wouldbediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?causesofoverconfidence.causesofapoorself-image.toprepareforatest.toavoidgoofingupatest.答案:D提示:整篇文章重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明了學(xué)生在考試過(guò)程中會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些較傻的錯(cuò)誤這一現(xiàn)象,并分析了原因,接著可能要說(shuō)明如何去避免這種現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。D導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53090025Onetypeoffishisnamedthesalmon(大馬哈魚(yú)).Therearemanydifferentkindsofsalmon,butalmostallofthemmate(交配)inaverystrangeareborninsmall,freshwaterliveintheriverforayear,andthenswimdownstreamtoabiggerriverandeventuallytothethesaltwater,theyeatconstantlyandgrowverytheyliveintheocean,salmonaresilvercolored.Afterseveralyearsatsea,thesalmongrowverylongand,asifbymagic(魔法),theyallbegintoswimsalmonsomehowrememberswhereitwasbornandswimstotheverysameareainthesmallriver.

Itisalong,difficultjourneythesalmonenterfreshwater,theystopalsochangesalmonturnred,othersbrownandgrey,andsometurnsalmongrowalargebulgeontheirback,calledasalmonfighttoswimupstreamagainstthecurrent(水流)ofsometimesverypowerfuljumpoverwaterfallsandhavetoavoidbears,birds,andfishermen.Finally,thesalmonthatsurvivemateinthesameriverinwhichtheywere,afterallthatwork,theydie!Thesesalmonstillplayanimportantdeadbodieshelptoprovidenutritiontotheanimalsthatliveinandaroundthetheireggshatch,thecyclewillstartagain.Paragraph2,theunderlinedwords“asifbymagic”suggestthat.

magicianhelpssalmonknowshowsalmonfindtheirwayhomeauthordoesn’tknowmuchaboutsalmonaremagic答案:B提示:猜測(cè)詞義題。asifbymagic意為“似乎被一種神奇的力量指引”,即作者對(duì)大馬哈魚(yú)能準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地游回自己的出生地感到不可思議。ofthefollowingdonotsalmondowhentheyreenterfreshwater?changecolors.stopeating.growbulgesontheirbacks.growteeth.答案:D提示:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前半部分可知前三項(xiàng)都是大馬哈魚(yú)歷經(jīng)艱辛重新回到淡水后的變化,第四項(xiàng)在本段中沒(méi)有信息支持。fromthepassage,whydosalmoneatalotwhiletheyareintheocean?Because.

needtohaveenoughenergytoreturnhomeneverstopswimmingareafraidofbearsdifferentwatermakesthemhungry答案:A提示:推理判斷題。第三段第二句提到大馬哈魚(yú)進(jìn)入淡水后就停止進(jìn)食,本段后半部分則是它們?cè)诨丶彝局行枰媪鞫?而且還要跳過(guò)瀑布,由此可推測(cè)它們?cè)诤Ｑ笾写罅砍詵|西的原因是為以后返回出生地積聚能量。Ⅱ.七選五導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53090026Itisreportedthatalthoughourgenesandenvironmentplayanimportantrole,howhappywearelargelydependsonourchoicesandfollowingarejustseveralareasthattendtomakeabigdifferencetopeople’shappiness.TakeapositiveattitudePositiveemotions—likejoy,gratitude,satisfaction,inspirationandpride—don’tjustfeelgoodwhenweexperiencethem.16Soalthoughweneedtoberealisticaboutlife’supsanddowns,ithelpstofocusonthegoodaspectsofanysituation—theglasshalffullratherthantheglasshalfempty.

Acceptwhoyouareandwhatyouare17Learningtoacceptourselvesandbeingkindertoourselveswhenthingsgowrongwillincreaseourenjoymentofalsohelpsusacceptothersastheyatrustedfriendorcolleaguetotellyouwhattheythinkyourrealstrengthsare.18

19

Caringaboutothersisfundamentaltoourotherpeopleisnotonlygoodforthem;it’sgoodforusmakesushappierandcanhelptoimproveouralsocreatesstrongerconnectionsbetweenpeopleandhelpstobuildahappiersociety.TakepartinsomethingbiggerPeoplewhohavemeaningandpurposeintheirlivesarealsoexperiencelessstress,anxietyanddepression.20Itmightcomefromdoingajobthatmakesadifference,orspiritualbeliefs,orouranswersmaybedifferentforeachofusbuttheyallinvolvebeingconnectedtosomethingbiggerthanourselves.

broadersocialnetworksbringasenseofbelonging.isperfect.themacallorofferyoursupport.tomakemoreuseofthese.alsohelpusperformbetter,andimproveourphysicalhealth.wheredowefindmeaningandpurpose?thingsforothers.答案:16~20EBDGFⅢ.完形填空導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53090027WhenIwas12yearsold,Iwentwithmydadtohiswork—acarwaswanderingaroundand21apoorwomanwithachildinherarmsstanding22thesawthatshewas23.My24wentoutandaskedthewomanto25totheofferedhersomewaterandthen26herwhatwaswrong.

Thewomansaidthather27haddiedsomemonthsagoandthatshedidn’thaveanyoneelseinherfamilywhocould28didsomemanuallaborto29somemoneytotakecareofherdaughterbutherdaughterwas30forthelastthreedaysandshewas31togotoshedidn’thaveagrainoffoodtoshewasrelating(講述)herstorytomyfather,shewasunableto32heremotionsandstartedcryingfatherandIwere33movedbyherstory.

Wegotsome34forherandherdaughtertofatherthentookthemtothenearest35forherdaughtertobetreatedbutherdaughterdidnotseemtobeverytheway,we36hera5kgbagofwheatfromthefathergavehersomemoneybeforewewomanwasso37.

Itiseightyearslater,butthateventisstillso38inmyfather’s39tothiswomaninspiredmedeeplyandsincethen,Ihavedecidedtowalkasimilarpathand40others.

答案:A提示:從下一句中的“Isawthat...”可知此處是指“我看到了……”。see是及物動(dòng)詞,表示看的結(jié)果;look是不及物動(dòng)詞。故選A項(xiàng)。 答案:D提示:從下文作者的父親讓這位婦女進(jìn)入展室可看出,那位婦女是在展室的外面。24空后的“wentoutandaskedthewoman”也是提示。 答案:B提示:從第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“shewasunableto32heremotionsandstartedcryingagain”可看出,那位婦女在外面哭。

答案:D提示:根據(jù)第一句中的“Iwentwithmydad”可知,是作者的父親走了出去。out in 答案:C提示:由下文可知,此處表示父親讓那位婦女到展室里來(lái)。comein“進(jìn)入”,后面可跟介詞,再加賓語(yǔ);enter也是“進(jìn)入”的意思,是及物動(dòng)詞,可直接跟賓語(yǔ);reach“到達(dá)”是及物動(dòng)詞,后面直接跟賓語(yǔ);goout“出去”,不符合語(yǔ)境。 答案:A提示:從下文的“whatwaswrong”可知,是作者的父親詢問(wèn)那個(gè)婦女怎么了。ask“詢問(wèn)”,符合語(yǔ)境。tell“告訴”;request“請(qǐng)求”;require“要求”。 答案:B提示:從下文的“shedidn’thaveanyoneelseinherfamilywhocould28didsomemanuallaborto29somemoneytotakecareofherdaughter”可推知,是她的丈夫去世了,家里沒(méi)有人幫助她了。

答案:B提示:由于丈夫去世,家里再?zèng)]有別人能幫助(help)她了。 答案:C提示:從本句的“Shedidsomemanuallaborto29somemoneytotakecareofherdaughter”可以看出,她是通過(guò)干體力活來(lái)賺錢(qián)照顧女兒的。earnmoney“賺錢(qián)”,符合語(yǔ)境。

答案:D提示:從第三段中的“Myfatherthentookthemtothenearest35forherdaughtertobetreatedbutherdaughterdidnotseemtobeverywell.”可以看出,她的女兒生病了。故選D項(xiàng)。

答案:C提示:因?yàn)榕畠荷×?所以她沒(méi)法去工作了。unable“無(wú)法”,符合語(yǔ)境。 答案:B提示:從下文的“andstartedcryingagain”可以看出,她控制不住自己的情緒。control“控制”,符合語(yǔ)境。 答案:A提示:作者和父親被深深地感動(dòng)了。deeply“深深地”,符合語(yǔ)境。gradually“逐漸地”;finally“最后”;lately“最近”。 答案:D提示:從本句的“forherandherdaughtertoeat”可以看出,作者和父親給她們了一些吃的。故選D項(xiàng)。shop 答案:B提示:從下文的“forherdaughtertobetreatedbutherdaughterdidnotseemtobeverywell”可以看出,作者的父親帶她們到了醫(yī)院(hospital)。 答案:B提示:從下文的“hera5kgbagofwheatfromthemarket”可以看出,是從市場(chǎng)上給她們買(mǎi)了五千克的小麥。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;buy“買(mǎi)”;sell“賣(mài)”;give“給”。 答案:A提示:從上文可知,作者的父親給她們買(mǎi)吃的,帶她們?nèi)メt(yī)院,還送給她們錢(qián),所以這位婦女很感激。grateful“感激的”,符合語(yǔ)境。 答案:D提示:已經(jīng)過(guò)去八年了,那件事情在作者的腦海里依然像剛剛發(fā)生的一樣。fresh“新的”。 答案:C提示:父親的善良深深地鼓舞著作者。從前面父親幫助那位婦女這件事可看出父親的善良。kindness“善良”,符合語(yǔ)境。 答案:C提示:作者受父親的影響,也去幫助別人。serve“服務(wù)”,符合語(yǔ)境。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)53090028ZhengHe,oneofChina’smostfamous41(explore),ledhisfleettocountriesveryfarawayattheendofthefourteenthshipscarriedsometreasurestogivetotherulersofthe42(neighbour)countriesasgiftsinaddition43thenecessaryZhengHe’sfirstvoyage,they44(hit)byafleetwasgoingtosink45astrangelightappearedatthetopoftheships’thestormstrangelightwas46(probable)electricityfromthethesailorsinZhengHe’sfleetconsidereditasasignof47(protect)fromthegodssotheywerewillingtofollowZhengHewhereverhe1405to1433ZhengHecompletedsevenwell-knownHebroughtbackmanygiftsfromthecountriesthathevisited,themostfamousonesof48wereagiraffeandaHewas62yearsoldwhenhereturnedfromhis49(seven)managed50(share)thegloryofChinawithmanydifferentbecameoneofChina’smostfamoussailorsbecauseofthestoriesofhistravels.

答案:hitshareⅤ.短文改錯(cuò)(202