北師大版unit19復習

Unit19Language基礎知識提要核心單詞根據(jù)提示寫出英語單詞或漢語意思。1.___________v.使興奮2.___________v.束緊3.____________v.告知通知4.____________v.與…相似5.____________n.贊成；同意6.____________v.購買7.____________vt.使尷尬8.____________v.包圍圍繞9.____________vt.保證，確保10.___________v.

祝賀11.___________(vt)調節(jié)12.___________(vt)告知thrillfasteninformresembleapprovalpurchaseembarrasssurroundensurecongratulateadjustinform13.__________(n)理論14.__________(n)咖啡館15.__________(adj)足夠的16.__________(adj)準時的17.____________(n)能力18.__________(vt)登記19.__________(v)擴大20.__________(n)候選人21.__________(v)達到22.__________(adj)僵硬的23.__________(n)偷竊24.______________(adj)不知不覺的25.__________(n)地球theorycafeteriaadequatepunctualcompetenceregisterenlargecandidateattainrigidtheftunconsciousglobe26.algebra_________________27.geometry________________28.bacteria________________29.stewardess_______________30.manual___________________31.accelerate_______________32.acquisition______________代數(shù)幾何細菌女乘務員手冊加速(語言)習得詞類轉換按要求寫出下列單詞的適當形式。1.advance(v.)___________(adj.)高級的類似:disappoint(v.)_______________(adj.)失望2.communicate(v.)________________(n)通信類似:observe(v.)___________(n.)觀察3.confuse(v.)___________(n)弄亂類似:conclude(v.)____________(n.)結論4.congratulate(v.)______________祝賀類似:celebrate(v.)______________(n.)慶祝5.accurate(adj.)___________(n)精確度類似:fluent(adj.)___________(n.)流利度advanceddisappointedcommunicationobservationconfusionconclusioncongratulationcelebrationaccuracyfluency6.acquire(v.)_____________(n)獲得類似:explain_____________(n.)獲得7.adjust(v.)_____________(n)調節(jié)類似:announce(v.)_______________(n)布告8.offend(v.)_____________(n)冒犯類似:defend(v.)_________________(n.)保衛(wèi)9.register(v.)_______________(n)注冊類似:pronounce(v.)________________(n.)發(fā)音10.absence(n.)___________(adj)不存在的類似:silence(n.)_____________(adj.)沉默的acquisitionexplanationadjustmentannouncementoffencedefence/defenseregistrationpronunciationabsentsilent重要詞組1.______________學會2.______________由……組成3.______________不理會不顧4.______________故意地5.______________意識到6.______________與……不同7.______________提前地8.______________集中9._____________________為了……目的10.____________________弄糊涂catchonconsistofregardlessofonpurposebeawareofdifferfrominadvancefocusonforthepurposeofcauseconfusion11.pointat_________________12.congratulatesbonsth______________13.catchholdof________________14.standout___________________15.goaheadwith__________________16.teamup_____________________17.keepto______________________18.provided(that)________________19.relyon_______________________20.keep…inmind________________指著祝賀某人某事抓住不放手突出,站在外面在……方面取得進步合作堅持,信守如果,條件是依靠記住重要考點突破核心單詞1.resemblevt.像……；與……相似(lookorbelike)★拓展：______________n.

相似類似■運用：用resemble翻譯下列句子。(1)你的單車與我的差不多。__________________________________________(2)你非常像你的母親。__________________________________________resemblanceYourbicycleresemblesmine.Youresembledyourmotherveryclosely.2.purchasevt.&n.購買(buy,buying)◆辨析：purchase是較為正式的用語，buy是普通用語，意義較為廣泛?！鲞\用：用purchase翻譯下列句子。(1)你必須提前21天購票。__________________________________________(2)我打算在鄉(xiāng)間買一所房子。__________________________________________Youmustpurchaseyourtickets21daysinadvance.Iintendtopurchaseahouseinthecountry.3.approvaln.

贊成，同意★拓展：__________v.贊成，同意■運用：用approval翻譯下列句子。(1)他用贊許的眼光看了看兒子。Shelookedatherson_____________.(2)她想贏得父親的同意。Shewantedto_____________________________.(3)他用微笑表示贊成。______________________bysmiling.approvewithapproval.winherfather’sapproval.Heshowedhisapproval4.embarrassvt.使……尷尬★拓展：請用下列兩個單詞填空。embarrassedadj.

感到尷尬的embarrassingadj.使人尷尬的The____________situationmadeher___________.■運用：用embarrass翻譯下列句子。(1)不要問有關個人隱私的問題，以免使他們尷尬。Don’t______________withpersonalquestions。(2)他丈夫粗魯?shù)呐e動使她難堪。Herhusband’srudebehavior________________(3)別提出那令人尷尬的話題。Don'tbringupthat___________________.embarrassingembarrassedembarrassthemembarrassedher.embarrassingtopic5.fastenvt.&vi.栓，扣，集中（目光、注意力）★拓展:用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。(1)fasten_____抓住，采納，強加于(2)fasten_____關緊，捆牢(3)fastenone’seyes_____sb.盯住某人■運用：用fasten翻譯下列句子(1)他定睛注視著我。________________________________________(2)把那只手提箱關緊。________________________________________(3)總統(tǒng)立刻采納了這個意見。________________________________________onuponHefastenedhiseyesonme.Fastenthatsuitcaseup.Trmv.

通知告知(giveinformationto)★搭配:用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。(1)informsb.______sth.通知某人某事(2)informoneself______thefacts使自己了解事實(3)keepmeinformed_____sth.告訴我某事■運用:用inform翻譯下列句子。(1)如果他回來了，請告訴我。Ifhecomesback,________________________(2)他告訴了我他的旅行計劃。______________________________________(3)有事，請隨時告訴我。Please_______________________________whathappens.(4)他將通知我們去哪兒。________________________________(5)他被告知他已經被開除了。He______________________hehadbeenfired.ofofofpleaseinformmeHeinformedmeofhistravelplans.keepmeinformedof/aboutHewillinformwheretogo.wasinformedthat7.surroundv.

包圍★拓展：surroundingadj.

周圍的n.環(huán)境(復數(shù))■運用：用surround翻譯下列句子。(1)這個城市被一條河流包圍著.。_______________________________________(2)快樂幸福圍繞你。Joyandhappiness__________________.(3)部隊已將該城包圍。Troops__________________________________.(4)我們生活在舒適的環(huán)境中。Wearelivinginpleasant____________.Thecityissurroundedbyariver.surroundyouhavesurroundedthetownsurroundingssurroundings8.ensurevt.保證；擔保(makesure)★搭配:ensuresb.sth.向某人擔保某事

ensurethat+clause保證……■運用：用ensure翻譯下列句子。(1)務必確保所有窗戶都關緊了。__________________________________________(2)這藥物能保證你有健康的體魄。__________________________________________Pleaseensurethatallthewindowsareclosed.Themedicinewillensureusahealthybody.9.thrillv.(使……)感到興奮★拓展：(1)_________adj.

毛骨悚然的，顫動的(2)_________n.使人毛骨悚然的東西■運用：用thrill翻譯下列句子。(1)這位旅行者的經歷使我們驚駭不已。(vt.)Thetraveller_____________withhisstories.(2)她的談話使他很激動。(vt.)He______________byherconversation.(3)她收到邀請時很激動。(vi.)She____________attheinvitation.thrillingthrillerthrilleduswasthrilledthrilled10.congratulatevt.祝賀★拓展：________________n.祝賀(常用復數(shù))◆搭配：congratulatesb.______sth./doingsth.為某事祝賀某人※注意：congratulate后的賓語只能是人?！锉容^：celebrate(慶祝)的賓語是成功、生日等，不能是人。如：celebrateone’sbirthday慶祝某人的生日?！鲞\用：用congratulate翻譯下列句子(1)你父母為你的考試成績而祝賀你。__________________________________________(2)大家都在祝賀劉翔贏得了賽跑。__________________________________________congratulationonYourparentscongratulateyouonyourexamresults.PeoplecongratulatedLiuXiangonwinningtherace.11.adjustv.

調整，校準；適應，習慣★拓展：寫出相應的單詞。(1)______________n．調整;調節(jié)；適應(2)______________adj．可調整的，可調節(jié)的◆搭配:用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。(1)adjuststh.(______sth.)調整(以適應/適合)(2)adjust______(doing)sth.適應(做)某事(3)adjustoneself______sth.使自己適應……adjustmentadjustabletototo■運用：請翻譯下列句子。(1)我的表快了,我得把它校準。Imust___________________,it'sfast.(2)一個人很難使自己適應他人的習慣。Itisdifficultforsomeoneto_________________________others’habits(3)要根據(jù)聽眾的年齡使用相應的語言。____________________________theageofyouaudience.(4)我的眼睛還沒有適應黑暗。Myeyes_____________________thedarkyet．(5)她花了很長時間才適應了在美國獨自生活。Ittookheralongtimeto_______________aloneAmerica.(6)動物能使自己適應生存環(huán)境。Animals_________________________theenvironment．adjustmywatchadjusthimself/herselftoAdjustyourlanguagetohaven'tadjustedtoadjusttolivingcanadjustthemselvesto重要詞組1.catchon明白，理解(understand)；受歡迎(becomepopular)※提示：表示明白什么事，后接介詞to?！鲞\用：用catchon翻譯下列句子。(1)那首新歌很快就流行起來。_________________________________________(2)我明白了他的意思。__________________________________________(3)我終于明白他們在干什么了。__________________________________________Thenewsongcaughtonreallyquickly.Icaughtontowhathemeant.Ifinallycaughtontowhattheyweredoing.2.consistof由……組成(bemadeupof)※注意:此短語不能用于被動語態(tài)。★拓展:consistinsth.主要在于，(內容)主要是■運用：翻譯下列句子。(1)對于我來說，學習的樂趣在于過程而不是結果。Forme,thepleasureofstudying__________________(2)這個醫(yī)療隊包括5名醫(yī)生和10名護士。Themedicalteam______________________________________________________________(3)中山由19個鎮(zhèn)組成。______________________________consistedintheprocess,notresults.consistsof5doctorsand10nurses.ThecityofZhongshanconsistsof19towns.3.regardlessof不管，不顧※提示:regardlessadv.不顧一切地■運用：翻譯下列句子。(1)不管花費多少，我都打算買下那本書。I'mbuyingthebook,_______________________.(2)盡管以前我們失敗過，但仍要堅持下去。Wewillgoon____________________________.(3)走自己的路，讓別人去說吧。Goyourownway_________________________.regardlessofthecostregardlessofpastfailuresregardlessofwhatpeoplesay★聯(lián)想：(1)具體相同意義和用法的還有inspiteof,despite等介詞。Theywentoutinspiteoftherain．盡管下著雨，他們還是出去了。Theyhadawonderfulholiday,despitethebadweather．盡管天氣不好，他們的假日還是過得極為愉快。(2)though,although(盡管)等是表示讓步的連詞。Althoughmyuncleisold,helooksverystrongandhealthy我的叔叔雖然老了，但他看上去還是很健壯?！龇g：用不同方法翻譯下列句子。雖然吃了很多東西，他還是覺得餓。______________________________________________________________________________________________________(1)Despiteeatinglotsoffood,heisstillfeelinghungry.(2)Inspiteof/Regardlessofsomuchfoodhehaseaten,heisstillfeelinghungry.(3)Though/Althoughhehaseatenlotsoffood,heisstillfeelinghungry.4.onpurpose故意地(intentionally)★聯(lián)想:___________[反義]偶然地■運用：翻譯下列句子。(1)她故意把這個秘密告訴了他。_________________________________________(2)你故意打破了那個花瓶。_________________________________________byaccidentShetoldhimthesecretonpurpose.Youbrokethatvaseonpurpose.5.beawareof知道，意識到

beawarethat…知道，意識到■運用：翻譯下列句子。(1)我當時意識到我錯了。________________________________________(2)約翰已意識到自己做錯了事情。________________________________________(3)我意識到我有多么粗魯了。_________________________________________IwasawarethatIwaswrongthen.Johnhasbeenawareofhavingdonesomethingwrong.I’mquiteawareofhowrudeIam.6.differfrom與……不同(=bedifferentfrom)

ChinesediffersgreatlyfromEnglishinspelling.漢語和英語在拼寫上大不相同。

Wedifferfromthemontheissue.我們在這個問題上與他們意見不一?！鲞\用：改寫下列各句，使其意義不變。(1)Theshirtdiffersfromthatone._______________________________________(2)Hisviewsdifferfromthoseofhisparents.________________________________________Theshirtisdifferentfromthatone.Hisviewsaredifferentfromthoseofhisparents.7.inadvance提前，預先(beforeintime)

Wealwayspaytherentinadvance.我們總是提前付房租?！鲞\用：翻譯下列句子。(1)為了確定他在家，我事先打電話給他。Tomakesurethathewasathome,___________________________________.(2)他們將預付出100美元。_____________________________IcalledhimupinadvanceTheywillpay$100inadvance.8.focuson集中于Alleyeswerefocusedonhim.所有的目光都集中在他身上?！锿卣?beinfocus清楚的■運用：翻譯下列句子。(1)我把鏡頭對準了嘉賓們。_______________________________________(3)把注意力集中在你的工作上。__________________________________________(3)這些字看不清楚。Thosecharacters__________________________I’llfocusontheguestsoverthere.Focusyourattentiononyourwork.aren’tinfocus9.keepto堅持，遵守，信守，保持

InEnglandtragicmustkeeptotheleft.在英國，車輛必須靠左行駛?！崾荆簍o是介詞?！鲞\用：用keepto翻譯下列句子。(1)你得遵守諾言。Youhaveto____________________.(2)只有大家執(zhí)行計劃，事情才能成功。Thingswillonlyworkoutif_________________(3)他們固守傳統(tǒng)，只在五月舉行婚禮。They____________________ofhavingtheirmarriagesonlyinMay(4)我們必須保持樸實生活的作風。Wemust_________________ofplainliving.keeptoyourpromiseeverybodykeepstotheplan.keeptothecustomkeeptothestyle高級句型1.Itwaspredictedasearlyasthe1700sthatEnglishwouldonedaybethegloballanguageandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.早至公元十八世紀，就有預言說，總有一天英語會成為全球性的語言，而最近幾十年的情況證明了這一預言。結構分析:全句是由and連接的較長的并列句，前一分句中含有一個重要句型Itwaspredictedthat…(有人預言說……)和一個有用的短語asearlyasthe1700s(早至十八世紀)。后一分句中表示時間的短語inthelastfewdecades常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。學以致用：用以上句型和短語翻譯下列句子。早在二十世紀八十年代，就有人預言中國經濟將飛速發(fā)長，而最近幾十年的情況證明了這一預言。____________________________________________________________________________________________________Itwaspredictedasearlyas1980sthattheChineseEconomicwoulddevelopveryfastandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.2.Intoday'sworldbeingabletospeakmorethanonelanguage,includingEnglish,ishowyoustandoutandgetahead.當今世界，你能講包括英語在內的一門以上的語言，就標志著你與眾不同，比其他人進步。結構分析:該句中的beingabletospeakmorethanonelanguage為動名詞短語作主語，泛指經常性的一般的情況；how引導一個表語從句。學以致用：翻譯下列句子。獲得獎學金使得他有機會去了北方某州的一所大學，在那里黑人享有平等的權利，并如他們所愿自由的生活、學習和工作。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Winningascholarshipgavehimthechancetogotoacollegeinoneofthenorthernstates，whereblackpeoplehadequalrightsandwerefreetolive,studyandworkastheywished.3．BythetimeGeorgewasdiscoveredbreedingprogrammeswereknowntobeincreasingthenumbersofothertortoisesub-species,butitwasacknowledgedthathiscasewasdifferent.到喬治被發(fā)現(xiàn)的時候為止，人們知道繁殖計劃是為了增加其他海龜亞種的數(shù)量，但是人們也認識到喬治的情況有所不同。結構分析:全句是個由but連接的并列句，前一分句中有一個bythetime(到……的時候為止)引導的時間狀語從句；后一分句中that引導的主語從句，也可將itis/wasacknowledgedthat(人們認為)看作一個句型。Bythetimethepolicearrived,thetreeshadalreadybeencutdown.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.學以致用：用bythetime和itis/wasacknowledgedthat翻譯下列句子。當警察到時，樹木已砍伐。全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Itisalanguagewithoutwordsthatconsistsofgesturesfacialexpressionsandbodymovementsthatgreatlyaddto–andsometimesevenreplace-spokenlanguage．這是一種沒有詞語，由手勢，面部表情，和身體動作組成的語言，它極大地豐富了，有時甚至取代了——口頭語言。結構分析:該句thatconsistsofgesturesfacialexpressionsandbodymovements是定語從句，Itis…thatgreatlyaddto…是強調句型。學以致用：用強調句型翻譯下列句子，且要含有一個定語從句。慣壞了孩子都怪這位當醫(yī)生的父親。_________________________________Itisthefatherwhoisadoctorthatistoblameforthespoiledchild.單元基礎過關一、單詞拼寫根據(jù)句子意思，用本單元單詞的適當形式填空。l.He___________(適應)himselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry．2.This____________(規(guī)則)refersonlytochildren.3.Thepricesofhousesaretrending__________(向上地)4.Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobea________(親人)．5.ShespeaksSwahiliwithgreat__________(流利)adjustedregulationupwardrelativefluency6.Thehousewas___________(環(huán)繞)byhighwalls7.We______________(祝賀)himonhisbirthday．8.Idon'tlikemakingspeechesinpublic；it'sso______________(難為情)．9.Heknockedtheoldmandownon_________(故意地)．10.Mr.Dickensmadethe______________(通告)atthenewconference.surroundedcongratulatedembarrassingpurposeannouncement二、詞形辨別選擇適當?shù)脑~填空并翻譯成漢語。1.Shewilltakean______classinEnglish.A.adventureB.advanced2.Weshouldshow______fortheold.A.respectB.represent3.Inthe_______yearsofhislife,hewasahappyman.A.latter/laterB.late4.He’stoo_______tobuyusameal.A.meansB.mean5.The______ofservicehasimproved.A.quantityB.quality6.Finishingtheworkinonedaywasaverygood_______.Afterall,he’sstillachild.A.effectB.effortC.affectBＡＡBBB三、詞類轉換用所給詞的適當形式填空。1．Shelikeshimallthebetterforhis___________(fluency)spokenEnglish.2.___________(accurate)ismoreimportantthanspeedinhisnewjob.3．Nowtheycanhandlethepeople'saffairsquite_______________(competence).4．Pleaselookaftermyhouseduringmy___________(absent)5．Tostop__________(globe)warmingweshouldmakeimmediateandcontinualefforts.fluentAccuracycompetentlyabsenceglobal6．Womenusedtohavelittle___________(liberal).7．Wewenttothepartywithourparents____________(approve).8.Shewas_______________(embarrass)whentheyaskedherage.9．Hewas______________(conscious)ofhismistake，orhewouldapologize.10．Thisinstrumentisusedtomeasure___________(accelerate).libertyapprovalembarrassedunconsciousacceleration四、詞組填空用本單元所學詞組的適當形式填空或完成句子。differfrom,pointat,consistof,catchon,onpurpose,regardlessof,focuson,inadvance,standout,congratulate…on…1.Hecontinuedspeaking,_______________myfeelingonthematter.2.Herbrightredhairmadeher____________fromtheothers．3.Theguide____________acastleandtoldusthatitwasbuilthundredsofyearsago．4.Paulalwayspronouncesmynamewrong.Doyouthinkhedoesit____________?5.SheisspeakingsofastthatIcanhardly____________towhatsheissaying．regardlessofstandoutpointedatonpurposecatchon6.Ifyouwanttowatchthe2008OlympicGames，you'llhavetobookyourticket____________.7.Modembicycles____________theearlyonesinmanymajorways．8.TheUnitedKingdom____________GreatBritainandNorthernIreland．9.Wesentthematelegram,________________them________theirsuccess．10.Nowthepublicattentionis____________thepricesofdailynecessities.inadvancedifferfromconsistsofcongratulatingonfocusedon五、語法填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。(1)Peopleoftenusebodylanguage1______purpose.Someone2______doesnotknowtheanswertoaquestionwillmovetheirshouldersupwardsawayfromtheirupperbodyandthenletthemfall,3__________(mean),“Idon’tknow”.4__________,bodylanguagecanbeunconsciousaswell.Apersonwhoisfeeling5_______________(comfortable)ornervouswilloftenholdtheirbodyinaveryrigidmannerandhave6______tightlookabouttheirmouths.