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強化練習四(下)答案及Passage①IftwoscientistsatLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryarecorrect,peoplewillstillbedrivinggasoline-poweredcars50yearsfromnow,givingoutheat-trapcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere---andyetthatcarbondioxidewillnotcontributetoglobalwarming.1Thescientists,F.JeffreyMartinandWilliamL.KubicJr.,areproposingaconcept,whichtheyhavepatrioticallynamedGreenFreedom,forremovingcarbondioxidefromtheairandturningitbackinto 二氧化碳contributeosthproposev.patriotically愛國地— ②Theideaissimple.Airwouldbeblownoveraliquidolutionwhichwouldabsorbthecarbondioxide.Thecarbondioxidewouldthenbeextractedandsubjectedtochemicalreactionsthatwouldturnitintofuel.Althoughtheyhavnotetbuiltafuelfactory,orevenasmallprototype,thescientistssayitisallbasedonexisingtechnology.“Everythingintheconcepthasbeenbuilt,isoperatingorhasaclosecousinthatisoperating.”D.Martinsaid.Theproposaldoesnotviolateanylawsofphysics,andotherscientistshavindependentlysuggestedsimilarideas. absob v.提取,提煉n.摘 besubjected 使經受,使 n.反應,回應— v(對…)作出反應,回 n.原型,最初形態(tài) n.堂兄(或弟、姊、妹;表兄(或弟、姊、妹) v.,違背(法律、協(xié)議等)③Intheeffortstoredcehumanity’semissionsofcarbondioxide,threesolutionshavebeenoffered:hydrogen-poweredcars,electriccarsandbiofuels.Biofuelsaregasolinesubstitutesproducedfromplanslikecornorsugarcane.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrow,butgrowngcropsforfuelakesupwidestripsofland.2.Hydrogen-poweredcarsemitnocarbondioxide,utproducinghydrogenrequiresenergy,andifthatenergycomesfromcoal-firedpowerplants,hentheproblemhasnotbeensolved.Theproblemwithelectriccarsisthattheyhavetypicallybeenlimitedtoarangeoftensofasopposedtothehundredsofthatcanbedrivenonaofgas.emissionn.排放;排放物—emitv.發(fā)出,散發(fā)(光、熱、聲音、氣等)solutionn.解決辦法,處理substituten.代替者,代替物stripn.條,帶;狹長地帶 plantn.植物;發(fā)電廠,工廠electricadj.電的,用電的—electricityn.電④Gasoline,itturnsout,isanalmostidealfuel(exceptthatitproducescarbondioxide).3.Ifcanbemadeoutofcarbondioxideintheair,theLosAlamosconceptmaymeanthereislittlereasontoswitch,afterall. v.改變,轉變n.(電路的)⑤4.“It’sdefiniyworthpursuing,”aidMartinI.Hoffert,aprofessorofphysicsatNewYorkUniversity.“Ithasacoupleofpiecestoitthatareinteresting.”O(jiān)therscientistsalsosaidtheproposallookedpromisingbutcouldnotevaluateitfullybecausethedetailshadnotbeenpublished.pursuev.追求,致力于 evaluatev.評價,評估publishv.;,公WhatismostremarkableabouttheproposalmadebythetwoscentistItisgivenapatrioticNolawofphysicsItisbasedonexistingCarbondioxidecanbeconvertedinto參考答案解析:細節(jié)題。由題干的proposal和twscienists定位至文章中找到答題依據(jù):“Thescientists,F.JeffreyMartinandWilliamL.KubiJr.,areproposingaconcept,whichtheyhavepatrioticallynamedGreenFreedom,forremovingcrbondioxidfromtheairandturningitbackintogasoline.it指代的是前面的“carbondioxde”,也就是說“將二氧化碳轉無疑會是最顯著的成果,所以D項正確。ABC三項雖然也是與該項提案有關的,但不足以稱為“mostremarkableWhatisthebiggestproblemwithhydrogenpoweredThereisnocheapsourcefTheremightbeasafetyprbleminhydrogenThymaystillbeacausofglobalTheyarenotsuitableforlong-distance參考答案解析細節(jié)題。由題干的hydrogen-poweredcars定位至文章中找到答題依據(jù):“Hydrogen-poweredcarsemitnocarbondioxide,butproducinghydrogenrequiresenergy,andifthatnergycomesfromcoal-firedpowerplants,thentheproblemhasnotbeensolved.”從中則問題還是沒有得到解決,所以C選項正確。AB選項原文未提及原文是說電動汽車只能在數(shù)十英里內運行,張冠李戴 項錯誤Ifwhatisproposedbythetwo es airpollution eathingofthetherewillbenoneedforgasolinepeoplewillbeabletousemuchcheapertherewillbenomorebiofuel-powered參考答案解析:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Ifitcanbemadeoutofcarbondioxideintheair,theLosAlamosconceptmaymeanthereislittlereasontoswitch,afterall.”可知,如果能從空氣中的二氧化碳制得,LosAlamos概念可能就意味著根本沒必要改變,B選項正確。C提及;D項過于絕對,可排除WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeofMartinI.HofferttothepA. B. C. D.參考答案worthpursuing,’aidMartinI.Hoffert,aprofessorofphyscsatNewYorkUniversity.‘Ithasacoupleofpiecestoitthatareinteresting.’”由此可知,MartinIHoffert認為這一概念是值得去深入研究的,這個方案里還是有些有趣的新點子,所以他的態(tài)度應該是肯定B項正確。indifferent“漠不關心的”;suspicious“懷疑的可疑的”;critica“性的”。Thepassageismainlywrittenintroduceanew B.cmparedifferenenergyC.stresstheimportanceof D.discussolutiontoglobal參考答案解析:主旨題。綜觀全文,本文是圍繞著LosAlmos國家一項名為“綠色自由”的概念來展開敘述的,所以A項正確其余三項都不是本文主要敘述的內容,可排除。Passage①Inherinterntionalbst-sellingTalktotheHand,authorLynneTrussarguesthatcommoncourtesiessuchassayig“Excuseme”arepracticallyextinct.Therearecertainlyplentywhowouldagreewithher.extinctdj.不再存在的,已②Isitreallytrue?Wedecidedtofindoutbyexperiments.IndozensofAmericancities,ourreportersperfomedtwoexperiments:“doortests”(wouldanyoneholdoneopenforthem?)and“drops”(whowouldhelpthemretrieveapileof“accidentally”droppedpapers?).Alongthewaythereportersencounteredalltypes:menandwomenofdifferentraces,ages,professions, elevels.dozensof許多,很多performv.執(zhí)行;表演retrievev.取回;索回apileof...一摞...accidentallyadv.偶然地,意外地encounterv.③While90percentofthepeoplepassedthedoortest,only55percentpasseddrop.2.Arepeoplelesslikelytohelpotherswhenngsotakesextraeffortortime?Notalways,thereportersfound.Takethepregnantwomanwhothoughtnothingofbendingdowntohelpuswithourpapers.OrthewomannamedLizwhobalancedtwocoffees,herkeysandherwalletonatakeouttraywithonehand,whilepickinguppapersoffthewetpavementwiththeother.Herreasonforhel?“Iwasthere,”shesaid.bendv.pregnantadj. v.使(在某物上)保持平衡n.平衡 adj.外賣的,供顧客帶出外吃的n.外賣食品 pavementn.人行道,路面pickup④3.Overall,menwerethemostwillingtohelp,especiallywhnitcametodumentdrops.Inthose,menofferedaid63percentofthetime,comparedto47percentamongwomen.Ofcourse,menandweremorethantwiceasliklytohelphepickupfallenpapersthantheyweretohelpourmalereporter.democraticadj.femaleadj.⑤4.Byfar,themostcommonreasonpeopleciedforbeingwillingtogooutoftheirwaytohelpotherswastheirupbringing.“I’sthewayIwasraised,”saidoneyoungwomanwhoheldadooropendespitestrugglingwithherumrellaonarainydayinBrooklyn. v.提及(原因);upbringingn.養(yǎng)育,教養(yǎng)bringsbupstrugglingwith與...⑥1.Werealizethisisn’tarigorousscientificstudy,butwebelieveitisareasonablerealwordtestofgoodmnnersaroundtheglobe.5.Andit’scomfortingtoknowthatinaplacewheremillinsofpeoplepushoneanothereachdaytogetahead,they’reabletodoitwithas.Hey,iftheycanmakenicehere,theycanmakeniceanywhere.rigorosadj.謹慎的,細致 reasonableadj.合理的,公平comfortingadj.令人安慰的—comfortn.寬慰;舒服v.WhichofthefollowingisthebestwordtodescribetheA. B. C. D.參考答案Werealizethisisn’tarigorousscientificstudy,butwebelieveitisareasonablerealworldtestofgoodmannersaroundtheglobe.”注意該句中的“but”轉折詞,D項“Realistic”與“real”同義,故選D項。作者已明確說明“這并非是一次嚴格的科學研究”,可排除A項根據(jù)“thereportersencounteredalltypes:menandwomenofdifferentraces,ages,professions, C項“性的”過于夸大,應該排除。(S.)TheexamplesofthepregnantwomanandLizareusedtoshowthatsome maytakethetroubletohelpwon’ttakethetroubletohelpmayhelpotherssavewon’thelpotherssave參考答案解析:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關鍵信息可迅速定位至文章中找到答題依據(jù):“ApelelesslikelytohelpotherswhenngsotakesextraeffortortimeNotalwysthereportrsfound.thepregnantwoman(孕婦)Liz的例子就是為了證明情況并不總是這樣,即人們還是可能去幫助他人的,即使需要花費額外的時間和精力,A文章是說幫助他人需要花費時間,并不是說幫助他人節(jié)省時間,C、D項排除Accordingtothewomenaremrewomenaremorelikelytoneedmenaremorereadytmearemoredemocratiinhel參考答案解析:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)選項可定位至第四段:“Overallmenwerethemostwillingtohelp,espeiallywhenitcametodrops.”這句話明確說明男士是最樂于提供幫助的,故CA項文章并未提及,屬于無中生有文章只是說到測試里男士幫助女撿起掉落文件的次數(shù)是幫助男的兩倍多,這并不能說明可能更需要幫助,
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