2021屆高三高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)介詞講解及提升練習(xí)

高考語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：介詞解及提練習(xí)1．表示時(shí)間的介詞介詞

用法atoninsince時(shí)間點(diǎn)for＋時(shí)間段duringuntil/tillbyin/after＋時(shí)間段beforeover

表示時(shí)間的點(diǎn)，時(shí)刻等at：o'clock在6點(diǎn)atdaybreak在黎明表示具體的日子或一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間或具體的某一天的上午、下午或晚上常有前置定語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)修。onMondayafternoon在周一下午；arainydaymorning一個(gè)雨天的上午表示在某段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)thecentury在20世winter在冬季；September在月inthemorning在上午自從…以來(lái)長(zhǎng)達(dá)……在…期間直到……到為；不遲…在之“in＋時(shí)間段常將來(lái)時(shí)連用＋間”常與過(guò)去時(shí)連用在…之前在期；直到結(jié)Janeinahurrybecausethetotheairportleavesinhalfanhour.Jane很急，因去機(jī)場(chǎng)的火車半小時(shí)后出發(fā)。InBritain，unusualtohaveabusinessmeetingbreakfast.

在英國(guó)，早餐時(shí)間開(kāi)商務(wù)會(huì)議并不稀奇。[易錯(cuò)提醒this，，last，next，every，each，(2)“on/upon”“………2．表示方位的介詞介詞atinonacrossthroughoverabove

用法后常接相對(duì)較小的地方后常接相對(duì)較大的地方或在某一個(gè)大的范圍之內(nèi)表示在上。反義詞beneath)表示從的面穿過(guò)；在…對(duì)面”表示從的部穿過(guò)表示從的面跨過(guò)反義詞under)指離開(kāi)物體表面而在其上方，但并不一定是垂直向上。還可指數(shù)目、數(shù)量、水平、年齡超過(guò)，多于，大”反詞Thesomebushessawthescream.狗跳過(guò)幾叢灌木看到小溪。Thesunlightcameinthroughthewindowsintheroofandthewholeroom.陽(yáng)光透過(guò)天窗，照亮了整個(gè)房間。3．表示方式的介詞表示使用的工具、手段、材料時(shí)with，on都為用。with多指用具體的具、身體的某部位或器官by側(cè)重指使用某種方法、手段或乘坐某種交通工具in指使用某種語(yǔ)言、筆墨等；多于定詞組中。bytrain乘車ontheradio通過(guò)收音onTV通電視；withapencil用筆4．表示除之外的介詞短語(yǔ)

介詞

用

法besidesexceptbutapartother

意為“除之還有，當(dāng)于inaddition意為“除之別無(wú)，接名詞、代詞、介詞短語(yǔ)從句意為“除之”(＝既可相當(dāng)于besides或inaddition，可相當(dāng)于exceptfor意為“除之別無(wú)”Apartfrom，restaurantdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujian除了優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)外，這個(gè)飯店還提供各種各樣的傳統(tǒng)福建菜。[易錯(cuò)提醒(1)butnobodynonenonothinganythingeveryoneall，doto(2)besides，“，，5．表示原因的介詞短)for，，，thanks，owing，onaccount，aresultofTheopenaircelebrationputoffbecauseofbadweather.因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓茫@次戶外慶祝會(huì)被推遲了。Owingtobadweather，flightwasdelayedforcouplehours.由于天氣惡劣，航班延誤了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。[易錯(cuò)提醒，thanksto，”，6．其他?？嫉慕樵~介詞againstbeyond

用法違背，反對(duì)；倚靠；…為背，襯托(范圍、限度超，……所不能及

bydespiteforwithwithinwithoutoff

程度或增減的幅度；…計(jì)盡管(表示目的為表對(duì)象或用途給；因?yàn)?；……?lái)看；贊成，支持和在起；和，跟；具有，有(表示伴)隨著(范圍、程度在…內(nèi)沒(méi)有(表示位置在…外面(表示方向偏離；…離開(kāi)Shedrovesofastattheturnthealmostoffthe她在轉(zhuǎn)彎處開(kāi)得如此快，以至于車差點(diǎn)偏離公路。Theexercisewasbeyondtheabilitiesoftheclass.這個(gè)練習(xí)超出了班里大多數(shù)學(xué)生的能力。常介短及配高考中的語(yǔ)法填空和短文改錯(cuò)將更加注重對(duì)介詞短語(yǔ)及搭配的考查詞與名詞形容詞與介詞、動(dòng)詞與介詞形式的搭配是高考考查的難點(diǎn)。?？冀樵~短語(yǔ)及固定搭配有：1．詞的搭配atatime次，一次atsight乍看bymistake錯(cuò)誤地incharge主，看管inturn依，轉(zhuǎn)而introuble處困境中onholiday在假

ataloss困惑，不知所措at在飯bytheway順說(shuō)inreturn作回報(bào)inshape健狀況良好onpurpose故地in及，遲早

ontime準(zhǔn)inof為紀(jì)…inmemoryof為紀(jì)念…byhand手onaccountof由approach的方法forthe為thereasonfor的原因

onaverage平inof代inadditionto除onthecontrary與相反onbehalf代表visitto到…的訪問(wèn)byof借lack缺乏byaccident/chance偶beyondone's夠著inadvance在前頭，事，預(yù)先inthelongrun從遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看beyonddescription無(wú)法形容outofbreath/balance上氣不接下失平衡toone'ssurprise/astonishment令人驚/吃驚的是underconstruction/consideration在設(shè)考atthecostof……為代價(jià)insupport/favorof持，支援interms/viewof鑒，根據(jù)forthepurposeof為…目forthebenefitof為…的益onthewayto在……的路上onthebasisof以…為基礎(chǔ)

2．與動(dòng)詞的搭配answerfor對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)callat拜訪(地點(diǎn)result由approve贊consistof由組think想；考慮到depend/relyon依靠belong屬于

applyfor申refer談；涉及；查閱sufferfrom遭complainof抱dreamof夢(mèng)call拜訪(人)resultin/leadto導(dǎo)致datefrom/backto追溯到keep/prevent/stopsb.fromdoing阻某人做protect...from保護(hù)……不受傷害succeedin在…方面成功3．與形容詞的搭配beof意識(shí)到betiredof厭beeagerfor渴望beof對(duì)…感到羞恥besureof對(duì)有信心；確信befamiliarwithsth.熟悉befamiliarto為……熟悉bepatientwith對(duì)有耐心bepleased/satisfied對(duì)…滿意bepopularwith受歡

beproudof以……為榮beangrywith對(duì)…生氣beabsent缺

bestrictwith對(duì)……嚴(yán)格beaddicted對(duì)上；沉溺beavailableto對(duì)…可用；可供使bebeneficialto對(duì)…有益處bedevotedto致于，獻(xiàn)身于besimilarto與…相似beconfidentin對(duì)……信心beanxiousabout/for憂，擔(dān)心becrazyabout熱；著迷becuriousabout對(duì)好奇beparticularabout挑besuitable適于4．其他搭配far遠(yuǎn)非upto達(dá)到；……定after畢，終究aheadof時(shí)間，空間在前面；領(lǐng)先5．易錯(cuò)用的介詞withtheof在的助下undertheleadershipof在…的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下thearticleinnewspaper報(bào)上的文章aholeinthewall墻上的洞abirdintree樹(shù)的鳥(niǎo)

onceinwhile偶爾inspiteof盡管；雖然

applesontree樹(shù)的蘋(píng)果ticketsforconcert音會(huì)的票inthedirection著的向setanexample給人樹(shù)立榜樣【技法點(diǎn)撥】在語(yǔ)法填空中：1．是否賓語(yǔ)作依據(jù)介詞必須要接賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)通常由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或what從句充當(dāng)。若空格后是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞且它們?cè)诰渲胁蛔髦髡Z(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，則要考慮填介詞。2．四種方法來(lái)確定所填介(1)根據(jù)介詞短語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的邏輯系；(2)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境含義結(jié)合介詞用法(3)根據(jù)特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系，如接合賓語(yǔ)就只能用with；(4)根據(jù)介詞與動(dòng)詞等的搭配。鞏提：一單選1．theQRhealthcode,theelderlymanhadtothestation,feelingconfusedand.A．Without...fascinatedB．With...disgustedC．Without...embarrassedD．.disappointed

2．thedragondoesn'texist,wetakeitasymbolofnation.A．Despite...asB．While...asC．..forDWhile...for3．-achievingchildrenhaveemotionalbarrierstoeducationand,______byadults,thesebarriersbecomeevenharderovercome.A．responsetoBinrelationtoC．contrastD．a(chǎn)dditionto4．quickmindedandgoodcommunicating,theyoungmanwasappointedaddressthetoughproblemtheA．termsofBonbehalfC．favorofD．a(chǎn)ccountof5．livingincountrycheap________withthatinbigcities,grandpadecidedtospendtheofhislifeincountry.A．combinationBincomparisonCincontact．connection6．IstudiedinAustralia,myparentsalwayswrote___________me,becausetheythink___________meallthetime.A．．C．D．for,about7．owlwon`tforfood___________theday.Theydonight.A．duringBonC．D．8．Thoughsometimeshemistakes,wedoubthisloyalty_______thecompany.A．BwithC．D．9．a(chǎn)fraidtypeofhumormighta________insuchaformalmeeting.A．ofcharacterB．ofcontextC．useD．outofplace10．PrivilegecomesLatinprivilegium,alawforjustperson,andabenefitenjoyedbyindividualor________what'savailabletoothers.

A．B．consideringC．DbeyondJobswasfiredthepersonhehadhiredandtrustedthefacthewasthewhoco-establishedthecompany.A．despite…C．inspite…that

B．regardless…thatD．a(chǎn)gainst…inwhich12．isaraciallycountry,various民)groupsbringtheirownuniqueflavorstoeachcornerthecountry,whichadds________people'stable.A．greatvarietyofC．toagreatvarietyof

B．varietytoD．greatvarietyto13．willusuallydecoratetheirgarden________shiningcoloredlightsandtheir________brightcolors.A．…throughB．…with．with…inD．14．discussingtheissuewithourprofessor,wethoughtseveralwayshandleit.A．B．C．D．15．ispoliteyoutogiveyourseattothemanonbus.A．B．C．D．a(chǎn)bout16．lateasmiddleofthe19thcenturyvotingwas_____common.EuropeandNorthbelievedthattheyshoulda____intheirgovernmentleaders.A．than,wordB．from,sayCratherthan,wordsDotherthan,saying17．a(chǎn)remany“forcedriders，aresufferingfromtheclimateimpacts_____havingscarcelycontributedtoproblem.A．．thoughCdespiteD．

18．gardenlooksbeautifulwhenrosesare_______.A．B．C．．bloom19．mattersofstyle,swimthecurrent;inmattersofprinciple,standrockA．B．C．D．like20closings,evacuations,shutdowns,emergencyresponseteams,heroes9/11,thecountryvirtuallystoppedwhatitwasdoinggatheredaroundTVscreens.A．thatexceptforC．besides．when21．Beforeyousetoutonlongjourney,you'dbettermakesurethatis________.A．orderC．outoforder

B．orderD．order22．saythemanagermightagreetheplan?________,Iwillnotputitforwardinthemeetingtomorrowmorning.A．nocaseC．Incase

B．a(chǎn)nycaseD．that23．toProfessorSmith,bestapproach________foreignlanguageistostudythespokenlanguage.A．learnC．oflearning

B．learningD．learning24．____ofdetectingdarkmatterintheirfavor,astrophysicistsmaintainunwaveringoptimism.A．theB．a(chǎn)llC．odds．theodds25．introduction________thebookroughlytalksaboutwhethertheintroduction________

independenttaxationdoesgoodtolocalfinancesornot.A．…toBofC．D．…in26．peopleareassuccessfulHarrison________hisage,tohonest,helooksveryyoung________hisage.A．…atBby…forC．…forD．in…at27．memoryfunctioninvolvesmanypartsofbrain,diseaseorinjurythataffectsthebraincaninterfere_________theoftheA．B．C．D．28．really’tknowtodo______yourmotherkindness.A．placeofinsteadofC．of．returnfor29．_________alltheinventorshave_____thatarecuriousaboutthethingsaround.A．B．C．D．30．intheshoppingcenteraresold______.A．dozenBbythedozen．dozensD．thedozens31．—Howaregoingtomakeourlanguageteachingmoreefficient?—______theteachingmethodology.A．BImproving．improvedD．improving32．likestandingtwofourfeetawaypeoplewhentheytalkorwait

line.,AsiansstandmuchA．thecontraryB．a(chǎn)resultC．IncontrastD．a(chǎn)ddition33．mangotshoutedthattheequal______anyboxertheA．B．C．with．of34．youliketosharefirstimpression________thenewschooluniform?A．BonC．D．35．thepassengersonboardsighedwith________whenthecaptainannouncedthatsolvedthemechanicalproblems________theengine.A．relief...forC．grief...for

B．relief...withD．grief...with36．businesspartnerissenior________________twoyears.A．byC．by...to

B．forD．by...for37languageis________communication,sopropergesturesandposturesplayacrucialinourdailyA．C．with

B．D．38．smilecanhelpyouout________situationslanguageseems________.

A．of...adequateC．a(chǎn)dequate

B．of...inadequateD．inadequate39Iwas________askinghimwhatthatworkmightbe,somethinghismannershowedmethatquestionwouldbeunwelcomeone.A．theedgeofC．inthecaseof

B．thepointofD．of40．understandthenatureofthischallenge,firstterms________aphysicalfield.A．theconceptofC．independenceof

B．regardD．ofquestionof答案：1．．．．．．．．．．．．B17．．．．．．B24．C26．D28．．．31．．B34B35．．A37B38．．A二漢英1.盡管她已竭盡全力，還是找不工作）2.雖然困難重重，公司還是信守言解決了顧客投訴中提及的各種問(wèn)題(despite)3.通常人們認(rèn)為，如果夜貓子不整自己的作息，要不了多久就會(huì)生病(before,subject)請(qǐng)帶上手電以回來(lái)前天黑(incase)5.盡管困難重工們還是提前成了任務(wù)(despite)6.頒獎(jiǎng)儀式上王授祝賀Tom