高三英語第一輪單元知識點復習11

Unit8Sports基礎落實Ⅰ.重點單詞思憶1.Shepractises

(體操)veryhardinordertogetamedalforherteam.2.Menandwomenaretreatedequallyinourcountry.Moreandmorewomengethigher

(職位)inthesociety.3.Usinggesturesand

(臉部的)expressionscanhelpusbettercommunicatewitheachother.gymnasticspositionsfacial4.Mynieceisactiveinsports.Sheisespeciallygoodat

(羽毛球).5.The

(座右銘)oftheOlympicGamesis“Faster,Higher,Stronger”.badmintonmottoⅡ.孝綱詞匯拓展1.

n.運動員；運動選手→

adj.運動的2.

vt.準備；預備→

n.準備，預備3.

n.結果；效應→

adj.有效的→

vt.影響4.

vi.競爭；比賽→

n.競爭，比賽→

n.競爭者，對手，比賽者→

adj.競爭的athleteathleticpreparepreparationeffecteffectiveaffectcompetecompetitioncompetitorcompetitive5.

n.重力；重量→

vi.重（若干）；

vt.稱（……的重量）6.

adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的；n.專業(yè)人員；職業(yè)運動員→

n.職業(yè);專業(yè)→

n.教授7.

n.題目；標題；稱號；頭銜→

vt.授權;給……題名;給……稱號weightweighprofessionalprofessionprofessortitleentitleⅢ.重要短語識記1.

for代表；支持2.

of因為；由于3.prefer...

...喜歡……而不喜歡……4.take

in參加5.in

for為……準備6.

fouryears每四年7.inmodern

在現(xiàn)代8.

forthejob競爭工作9.

越來越多的10.

hand用手工standbecausetopartpreparationeverytimescompetemoreandmorebyⅣ.經(jīng)典句式再現(xiàn)1.

(不準許婦女）takepartinthegames.2.InSydneytheChineseteamgot28goldmedals,

(位居所有參賽國家第三）.3.

(繼2000年悉尼奧運會上取得有史以來最佳戰(zhàn)績之后）,Chinawonanothergreatcompetitionin2001whichwasnotforamedal.WomenwerenotallowedtorankingthirdofallthecompetingcountriesFollowingthehistorymakingsuccessinthe2000SydneyOlympicGames4.

(為使它成為最出色的運動會),thecapitalcitywillmakeseveralbigchanges.5.ThepeopleofBeijing,andofthewholecountry,

(將準備點燃奧運火炬)towelcomeathletesandsportsfansfromallovertheworld.TomakeitthebesteverGameswillbepreparingtolighttheOlympictorch6.YaoMing

(不僅人高馬大）:healsohasgreatskillandspeedandheisateamplayer.7.YaoMingisworkinghard

(實現(xiàn)自己的夢想并向世界展示)thatChinesebasketballplayerslovethisgametoo!8.

(奧運會的口號是）“Faster,Higher,Stronger”.hasmorethanjustsizetolivehisdreamandshowtheworldTheOlympicmottois導練互動重點單詞1.prepareThepeopleofBeijing,andofthewholecountry,willbepreparingtolighttheOlympictorchtowelcomeathletesandsportsfansfromallovertheworld. (回歸課本P53)觀察思考Thewholeclassareworkinghardpreparingfortheexam.全班學生都在用功準備考試。Thepolicearepreparingthemselvesfortroubleatthedemonstration.警察正在準備防范示威時可能出現(xiàn)的騷亂。Ahotelroomisbeingpreparedforthem.正在為他們準備一間旅館客房。歸納拓展prepare詞性：

意思：（1）preparetodosth.準備做某事prepareforsth.為……做準備preparesb.sth.為某人準備某物（某事）preparesb.todosth.使某人為做某事做好準備vt.預備；準備preparesth.for...為……準備某事物be/getreadyforsth.為……做好準備getreadytodosth.準備做某事bepreparedtodosth.愿意做某事bepreparedforsth.準備好做某事（2）preparationn.準備；預備inpreparationfor為……準備beinpreparation在準備中makepreparationsfor為……做準備能力轉化(1)因為忙著給經(jīng)理準備一份報告，我?guī)缀鯖]有時間照顧孩子。

Beingbusypreparingareportforthe

,Ihardlyhadanytimetotakecareofmychild.(2)無論是身體上還是心理上家長都應該讓孩子為將來生活中的挫折做好準備。Parentsshouldtheobstaclesintheirlivesbothphysicallyandmentally.managerpreparetheirchildrenfor(3)結婚時他們才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還沒有為即將到來的家庭生活做好準備。Whentheygotmarried,theyrealizedthatthey

thecomingfamilylife.(4)這所學校正在準備該校的50年校慶。Theschoolis

its50thanniversary.(5)上大學對你的事業(yè)是一個很好的準備過程。Goingtocollegeisyourcareer.werenotwellpreparedformakingpreparationsforagoodpreparationfor2.effectBeingthehostoftheOlympicGameswillhavegoodandbadeffectsonthehostcity. (回歸課本P54)觀察思考TheruleswillremainineffectuntilOctober.這些規(guī)則一直到十月份都有效。Themedicinequicklytookeffect.那藥很快就見效。歸納拓展effect詞性：

意思：（1）causeandeffect因果ineffect實際上；（規(guī)則、法律等）生效，有效，在實行中takeeffect開始實行；開始生效beofnoeffect無效，沒有作用，不中用come/gointoeffect開始生效，開始實施put/bring/carryintoeffect實行，實施；使生效；實現(xiàn)haveaneffecton/upon對……有影響；對……起作用，產(chǎn)生效果n.影響；結果，效果；作用（2）effectiveadj.有效的，有作用的；有影響的；給人深刻印象的effectivelyadv.有效地；實際上地能力轉化(1)不要指望這藥對你的背疼馬上就有效果。Don’texpectthatthedrugwill

yourbackpain.haveanimmediateeffecton(2)一旦新的勞動法實施，老板就再也不能隨意解雇工人。Oncethenewlabourlaw

,thebosscan’tfireworkersatwillanylonger.(3)兩個制度實際上是一模一樣的。Thetwosystems,

,arethesame.(4)這部科幻電影有些特殊效果美妙絕倫。Thesciencefictionfilmhadsomemarvelous

.peteSomeofthegamesinwhichtheyoungmen

competedwere:running,jumpingandwrestling. (回歸課本P53)觀察思考Inmodernsociety,apersonshouldnotonlylearnhowtocompetewithothersbutalsohowtocooperatewithothers.在現(xiàn)代社會中一個人不僅要學會與人競爭，同時也要學會與人合作。Johncompetedforaplaceattheschool,buthedidn’tgetin.約翰在學校里競爭一個職位，但沒有成功。歸納拓展compete詞性：

意思：（1）competewith/againstsb.forsth.與某人競爭而獲得某物competein參加……的比賽competefor為……而比賽或競賽（2）competitionn.競賽，比賽be/standincompetitionwithsb.forsth.為……和（某人）競爭putocompetitionwith使某人與……競爭（3）competitorn.競爭者，比賽者，（在體育或商業(yè)上的）對手；敵手competitiveadj.競爭的vi.競爭；比賽；對抗能力轉化(1)Finallytheyoungmangotachancetoinacyclingracewithhisclosestrival.A.compose B.complainC.compete D.compare(2)Doyouknowthenameofthesport

alltheplayersarecompetingwitheachother?A.what B.inwhichC.forwhich D.withwhichCB4.weighHowmuchdoeshe/sheweigh?(回歸課本P56)觀察思考Weneedtoweightheadvantagesagainstitspotentialrisksoftheoperation.我們需要權衡手術帶來的好處和其潛在的危險。Iweighabout50kilos.我體重大約50公斤。歸納拓展weigh詞性：

&

意思：（1）weighsth.out稱出某物的重量weighdown壓彎weighone’swords斟酌字句weightheodds權衡得失weightherisksandbenefits權衡利弊（2）weightn.重量；分量；重物；重任；重擔puton/gainweight發(fā)胖loseweight減肥takeoffweight減輕體重byweight按重量計算overweight過重vi.vt.重（若干）；稱（……）重量；權衡能力轉化(1)我的體重比以前輕了。I

lessthanIusedto.(2)樹枝被雪壓彎了。Thebranchesofthetrees

bysnow.(3)他在腦中權衡著這些想法。He

inhismind.(4)她正在設法減肥。Sheistryingto

.weighwereweigheddownweighedtheideasloseweight5.standforWhatdothefiveOlympicringsstand

for? (回歸課本P50)觀察思考Thesymbol“%”standsforpercent.這個符號“%”代表百分數(shù)。Istandforfreedomofspeechforeveryoneregardlessofcolor,raceorcreed.我主張每個人，不分膚色、種族或信仰，都有言論自由。重點短語與句型歸納拓展standforstandby袖手旁觀；堅持；遵守；支持standout清晰地顯出；引人注目；出色，杰出standonone’sownfeet自立can’tstanddoing不能忍受做某事代表，代替；象征；主張能力轉化(1)NBC這幾個字母代表“全國廣播公司”。ThelettersNBC

NationalBroadcastingCompany.(2)新路標容易辨認，上面的字很醒目。Thenewroadsigniseasytoread,thewords

well.standforstandout6.everyfouryears

EveryfouryearsathletesfromallovertheworldtakepartintheOlympicGames. (回歸課本P52)觀察思考Takesomemedicineeveryotherday.每隔一天吃些藥。Hecomestoseeuseveryday/everythreedays.他每天/每三天來看我們一次。Igotothelibraryeveryfourthweek/everyfourweeks.我每隔三周/每四周去圖書館一次。歸納拓展everyfouryearsevery和數(shù)詞或者few，other連用，表示時間或空間的間隔，主要結構如下：every+基數(shù)詞+復數(shù)名詞every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞every+other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞every+few+復數(shù)名詞每四年能力轉化(1)她身體不舒服，每過5分鐘就要坐下來休息。Shewasnotfeelingwell,soshehadtositdownandrest

.(2)奧運會每四年舉辦一次。TheOlympicGamesareheld

.(3)請隔行寫。Writeon

.(4)樹應該每間隔幾米種一棵。Treeshouldbeplanted

.everyfiveminuteseveryfouryears/everyfourthyeareveryotherlineeveryfewmetres7.byhandTheywillmakealltheflagsbyhand. (回歸課本P55)觀察思考Thefabricwaspaintedbyhand.這個織品是手染的。Sweatersknittedbyhandarecomfortabletowear.手工編織的羊毛衫穿起來很舒適。歸納拓展byhand手工的（1）athand近在手邊，在附近；即將到來inhand在手中（持有），在手頭（隨時可用）fromhandtohand從一個人之手轉到他人之手handinhand手拉手，攜手；關系密切地on(the)onehand...ontheotherhand...一方面……，另一方面……offer/lend/givesb.ahand給某人幫忙joinhandswith與某人攜手，聯(lián)合haveahandin干預，參與，插手（2）handin上交handout分發(fā)handdown傳下去handover移交能力轉化(1)為什么不在手邊備本字典以備你需要它？Whynotkeepadictionary

incaseyouneedit?(2)我們遇到麻煩時他總是愿意幫忙。Heisalwayswillingtowhenweareintrouble.(3)我需要復印一些文件以便分發(fā)。Ihavetomakesomecopiesto

.athandofferusahandhandout8.I’dratherwatchit

playit.我寧愿觀看也不愿去參加。典例體驗She’die

giveaspeech.她寧死也不愿演講。I’you

tomorrowthantoday.我寧愿你明天來，而不是今天來。I’I

youthatday.我寧愿那天沒遇見你。thandratherthandrathercamedratherhadn’tmet歸納拓展wouldratherdosth.thandosth.=woulddosth.ratherthandosth.=prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.=preferdoingsth.todoingsth.ratherthanorrather更確切地講，更準確地說otherthan除了；不同于wouldrather(not)dosth.寧愿（不）做某事wouldrather+主語+didsth.寧愿某人做某事寧愿做……而不愿做……而不是wouldratherhavedonesth.寧愿過去做過某事（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬）wouldrather+從句，從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣：一般過去時表示對現(xiàn)在或將來動作的虛擬；過去完成時表示過去要做而實際沒有做的動作。能力轉化(1)他寧愿讓別人給他維修房子而不是自己來做。He

thehouserepaired

itbyhimself.wouldratherhavethando(2)女孩寧愿放棄這份工作也不愿那樣受人侮辱。Thegirl

thejobbeinsultedlikethat.(3)他們寧愿已經(jīng)早點離開這家公司了。They

thecompanyearlier.(4)我更愿意你少吃甜食，多鍛煉。你最近體重增加了不少。I’dratheryou

and

moreexercise.Youhavegainedalotofweightrecently.wouldgiveupratherthanwouldratherhaveleftatelesssweetfoodtook9.Manyofthesportswerethesameastheyarenow.過去的許多項目與現(xiàn)在的一樣。典例體驗Myansweris

yours(is).我的回答和你的（回答）相同。You’vemade

mistake

lasttime/

youmadelasttime.你又犯了與上次犯的同樣的錯誤。thesameasthesameasthat歸納拓展“thesame(...)as像……一樣”結構中，as引導

從句，指代前面的先行詞，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。原句中的as指代先行詞thesame(sports)，在定語從句中作theyare的表語。as引導的從句常采用省略句形式。Thatjacketisthesameasmine(is).那件上衣與我的一樣。thesame后的定語從句可由as,that,who,where等引導，但如何區(qū)分定語從句是學習中的難點。如果定語從句描述的只是與先行詞非常相似的人或物，不是同一個，要用

；而若是同一人或物，用

。只是為了加強語氣時，根據(jù)語法成分需要可用that,who,where等。限制性定語asthat能力轉化——給下面的從句填上正確的關系詞(1)Mycousinwantstobuythesameovercoat

mynieceiswearingnow.(2)Iamthesameage

you.(3)Oh,thisisjustthesamepen

Ilost.Thankyouforfindingitforme.(4)Thehandsomeactoristheverysameone

gaveusagoodperformanceyesterday.asas(that)who/that(5)Mynieceworksinthesamecorporation

mynephewworks.Themanageroftenpraisesthesisterandbrotherfortheirachievements.(6)Whatislearnedinbookscannothavethesameeffectonachild’scharacterwhatislearnedthroughexperience.whereas考題回扣【例1】Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime

. (江西高考)A.allowing B.toallowC.allowed D.allows

解析句意為：我們用了不到被允許的時間的一半就跑完了。time后缺少定語,“時間”與“允許”之間是被動關系,因此用過去分詞形式。

課文原文Womenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegames.C【例2】

theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends. (天津高考)A.CompletingB.HavingcompletedC.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete

解析Tocompletetheprojectintime為動詞不定式作目的狀語。A項表示正在進行；B項表示該動作發(fā)生在主句謂語之前，兩者均不符合句意；C項常用在某些固定句式中。句意為：為了按時完成工程，全體員工周末都在上班。

課文原文

TomakeitthebesteverGames，thecapitalcitywillmakeseveralbigchanges.D【例3】Iwasoutoftownatthetime,soIdon’tknowexactlyhowit

.(山東高考)A.washappeningB.happenedC.happensD.hashappened

解析“事情的發(fā)生”是和“wasoutoftown”同時發(fā)生的，故用一般過去時。

課文原文Afterthatmoreandmorecountriesjoined

intheGames.B【例4】InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,

the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy. (福建高考)A.marking B.markedC.havingmarkedD.beingmarked

解析此處為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。

課文原文

Followingthehistorymakingsuccessinthe2000SydneyOlympicGames,Chinawonanothergreatcompetitionin2001whichwasnotforamedal.A自主檢測Ⅰ.品句填詞1.Thechosenathletesknowthatthey

(代表)theircountryinsteadofthemselvesintheOlympicGames.2.Youhadbetterget

(專業(yè)的)advicebeforebuyingstocks.3.WhenIgotbackhome,Mumwasstillbusyinthekitchen,

(準備)supperforthefamily.4.Thefirstprizewasawardedtotheyoungest

(參賽者).representprofessionalpreparingcompetitor5.Hehasbeenpromotedtoa

(職業(yè))asthesalesmanagerofthecompany.6.Goodhabitshaveagood

(影響)onourfutureperformances.7.Heatetoomuchthesedaysandputonmuch

(重量).8.Theyoungactresscanmakeavarietyof

(面部的)expressions.positioneffectweightfacialⅡ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1.—MyunclesuggestsI

(go)abroadforfurtherstudy.—Iwouldratheryou

(stay)athome.2.Threeastronautsaresaidto(send)intospaceinChinauptonow.3.—HasthefootballmatchbetweenChinaandKoreafinished?—No,it

(play).4.Themomentthe28thOlympicGames

(declare)open,thewholeworldcheered.gostayedhavebeensentisbeingplayedweredeclared5.Withonlinecourse,CrazyEnglishhasover20millionstudentsalloverChina

(attend)theclassthroughInternet.6.—What’sthatterriblenoise?—Theneighbors

(prepare)foraparty.7.Trytospendyourtimejustonthethingsyoufindworthyof

(do).8.Whowouldyouratherhave

(go)withyou,TomorMary?attendingarepreparingbeingdonegoⅢ.翻譯句子1.學生們正在為期末考試作準備。（preparation）

Thestudentsareinpreparationforthefinalexamination.2.外面雪很大。我寧愿待在家里。（wouldrather）

It’ssnowingheavilyoutside.Iwouldratherstayathome(thangoout).3.爸爸在辦公室競爭一個職位，但是沒有成功。（compete）

Myfathercompetedforaplaceintheoffice,butdidn’tsucceed.4.醫(yī)生囑咐我每六小時吃兩片藥。（every）

Thedoctoradvisedmetotaketwopillseverysixhours.5.站得越高，你就看得越遠。（further）

Thehigheryoustand,thefurtheryousee.Ⅳ.單句改錯1.Advertisementsbaseonthefactshavebeenprintedinnewspaper.2.Allthestudents,meincluding,havereadtheinterestingstory.3.Themissedletterwasfoundinhispocket.4.Whataboutthreeofusgotherebybus?5.Shefoundhercalculatorthereshelostit.base→basedincluding→includedmissed→missinggo→goingthere→where6.Inancienttimepeoplelivedonwildfruitsandwildbeasts.7.Istillremembertheterribleaccidenthappenedtwoyearsago.8.Heardthenewnews,hejumpedwithjoy.9.Heconsideredagreathonourtobeinvitedthere.10.Morethanonestudentholdtheoppositeopinion.time→timeshappened前加that/whichHeard→Hearinga前加ithold→holdsⅤ單項填空1.—Whichteamwonthegame?—Oh,they

eachotherintheend,whichwasmorethanexpected.A.beat B.wonC.tied D.defeated

解析句意為：出乎意料的是，他們彼此打成了平局。A、B、D項邏輯關系上不對。C2.Gonewiththewind

thegreatestworksintheworld.A.ranks B.isrankedC.ranksamong D.ranking

解析考查rank的用法。rankamong...名列……之中。句意為：《飄》是世界上最偉大的著作之一。C3.Afterthemeeting,PremierWenJiabaowalkedontotheplatform,seatedhimselfinachairand

foransweringquestions.A.hadpreparedB.beingpreparedC.preparedD.preparing

解析句意為：會后，溫家寶總理走上講臺坐在椅子上，準備回答問題。此處是三個接連發(fā)生的動作并列作句子的謂語。C4.Asisknown

us,theactressiswell-knownherexcellentacting.A.for;as B.to;forC.as;for D.to;as

解析beknowntosb.為某人所熟知；bewellknownfor因為……而聞名；bewellknownas作為……而出名。B5.Hewashighlyhonored

whathehaddoneforthefloodedarea.A.because B.becauseofC.oweto D.asaresult

解析C、D兩項在本題中皆為錯誤表達形式，不予考慮。由于what從句為名詞性從句，它起的作用相當于一個名詞所起的作用，因此其前須用介詞短語becauseof。若空格后的內容改為hehaddonealotfor...,則要使用because。B6.Asisknowntousall,theAsianGamesareheld

.A.forfouryearsB.eachfouryearsC.everyfouryearD.everyfourthyear

解析本題考查every表示時間間隔的用法。句意為：眾所周知，亞運會每四年舉行一次。根據(jù)語境和every的用法，這里選D項最合適。注意：在“every+數(shù)詞/other/few+名詞”的結構中，every不能換成each。D7.—Mikewasbeatenblackandblue.Doyouknowwhy?—Idon’tknow,buteverythinghasits

.A.effects B.resultsC.causes D.ways